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Political movement in British India
The Dravidian movement started in British India with the formation of the Justice Party on 20 November 1916 in Victoria Public Hall in Madras by C. Natesa
Dravidian_movement
Indian political ideology
studies. The early Dravidian movement led by E. V. Ramasami Periyar demanded an independent Dravidian State, which included all four Dravidian speaking states
Dravidian_nationalism
Political parties in Tamil Nadu, India
indirectly to the Justice Party and the Dravidian movement of C. Natesanar and Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. The Dravidian movement was based on the linguistic divide
Dravidian_parties
Social movement for lower-caste equity
domination over the Dravidian ‘sudran’, Ravana of Tamil origin. One of the major sociological changes introduced through the self-respect movement was the self-respect
Self-Respect_Movement
Indian politician and activist (1875–1937)
known as C. Natesan, was an Indian politician and activist of the Dravidian Movement from what became the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He was one of the
C._Natesa_Mudaliar
Primary antagonist in the Hindu epic Ramayana
Retrieved 20 June 2019. Nalankilli, Thanjai (April 2006). "Censorship of Dravidian voices in Tamil Nadu (India) in 1948, 1949". Tamil Tribune. Archived from
Ravana
Dravidian separatist movement in South India
movement was a separatist movement seeking to create a homeland for the Dravidians by establishing a sovereign state in the predominantly Dravidian-speaking
Dravida_Nadu
Tamil-speaking social movement in 19th-century India
eventually leading to the birth of Tamil nationalism, which inspired the Dravidian movement. When the British Crown took over the administration of the country
Tamil_Renaissance
Anti-caste social movement
September which split Dravidians: Periyar weds Maniyammai, DMK is born". The News Minute. "A stalwart of the Dravidian movement". The Hindu. 20 April
Dravidar_Kazhagam
Indian writer and politician (1924–2018)
Kazhagam (DMK) for nearly five decades and a leading figure in the Dravidian movement. He was noted for his contributions to Tamil literature, which include
M._Karunanidhi
Political party in India
represent the non-Brahmins in Madras and is seen as the start of the Dravidian Movement. During its early years, the party was involved in petitioning the
Justice_Party_(India)
Political party in India
Kazhagam (DMK; Tamil pronunciation: [t̪iɾaːʋiɖɐ munːeːtrɐk kɐɻɐɡɐm]; transl. Dravidian Progressive Federation) is an Indian regional political party based in
Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam
against the social hierarchy set by the caste system and glorified the Dravidian movement. M. Karunanidhi, former Chief Minister, scripted the screen play for
Tamil cinema and Dravidian politics
Tamil_cinema_and_Dravidian_politics
Indian activist, industrialist and political leader (1852–1925)
did not involve himself in the movement until 1912, when the Madras United League (later renamed the Madras Dravidian Association) was formed. At a meeting
P._Theagaraya_Chetty
Indian election
erstwhile Justice Party, the political precursor to the century-old Dravidian movement. The DMK suffered a complete rout in the neighbouring districts of
2026 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
2026_Tamil_Nadu_Legislative_Assembly_election
Indian politician (1908-1997)
1908 - 21 May 1997) was an Indian politician and a forerunner of the Dravidian movement. He served as a member of the erstwhile Tamil Nadu Legislative Council
Rama_Subbaiah
Indian Hindutva activist and litigator (born 1985)
systems, which he considers to have multiple drawbacks. He opposes the Dravidian movement and Periyarite thought, and claims they are Western interventions
J._Sai_Deepak
Indian social activist and politician (1879–1973)
was the organiser of the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam and is considered the architect of Dravidian politics, as well as a leading figure
Periyar
Indian politician (born 1933)
Krishnasamy Veeramani (born 2 December 1933 in Cuddalore) is an Indian politician. He is also the president of Dravidar Kazhagam. Veeramani was born in
K._Veeramani
Indian poet and writer (1906–1972)
Tamil books in prose and poetry form. Kuzhanthai was inspired by the Dravidian movement, Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and Annadurai C N. His epic, Ravana Kaaviyam
Pulavar_Kuzhanthai
Indian politician and activist (1868–1919)
July 1919) was an Indian politician and political activist of the Dravidian Movement from the Madras Presidency. He founded the Justice Party along with
T._M._Nair
Indian politician and writer (1920–2000)
Kazhagam party Samuthaya Viduthalai (Societal Liberation) History of the Dravidian Movement (Part I) (1996) War of Social Justice (1996) Ezhuchi Murasu (Rising
V._R._Nedunchezhiyan
occasionally exercised. The Dravidian movement repeatedly complained about the imposition of Aryan religion on Dravidians. 'He clarified that the idea
Religious_views_of_Periyar
Anti-religious organization in India
prevalent in Tamil society. He chose the black shirt as the symbol of the Dravidian movement. This has its origins in the banning of black flags as a protest tool
Blackshirts_(India)
Indian politician
prominent politician from Tamil Nadu, India. He was an advocate of the Dravidian Movement of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and was considered by some as his political
E._V._K._Sampath
First film heroine of south India (1911–1964)
music director and producer. She supported the Dravidian movement and was closely associated with Dravidian leaders. Her work Miss Kamala was a revolutionary
T._P._Rajalakshmi
South Asian ethnolinguistic group
The Dravidian peoples, Dravidian-speakers or Dravidians, are a collection of ethnolinguistic groups native to South Asia who speak Dravidian languages
Dravidian_peoples
DMK were secessionist advocates for Dravidistan- a separate state for Dravidians. Some of the old guard of the Justice party, which had been renamed as
1952 Madras State Legislative Assembly election
1952_Madras_State_Legislative_Assembly_election
Tamil poet and politician (born 1978)
Snehan (born Sivaselvam) is an Indian poet, politician, lyricist, and actor who has worked in the Tamil film industry. He is the 1st executive committee
Snehan
Indian newspaper editor and journalist (1940–2024)
Selvam's name to annually confer awards to works and creators from the Dravidian movement. On 24 April 2025, Selvam's bust was opened at the Murasoli office
Murasoli_Selvam
Indian actor
some of his film projects. Kalaivanar was an active member of the Dravidian Movement. Kalaivanar Arangam (or Kalaivanar Arts Centre) was named after him
N._S._Krishnan
Reconstructed common ancestor of the Dravidian languages
Proto-Dravidian is the linguistic reconstruction of the common ancestor of the Dravidian languages native to the Indian subcontinent. It is thought to
Proto-Dravidian_language
Indian writer and literary critic (born 1954)
S. Shanmugam was a writer, who wrote on various journals of the Dravidian movement. His mother is Saraswathi. Writer Konangi and playwright Murugabhoopathy
S._Tamilselvan
Proposed language family
The Elamo-Dravidian language family (also known as the Zagrosian language family) is a hypothesised language family that links the Elamite language of
Elamo-Dravidian_languages
Protests in Madras, British India
attempt to destroy Tamil. Rajaji was identified as an enemy of Tamil. Dravidian movement newspapers carried cartoons depicting Rajaji hurling a dagger at Tamil
Anti-Hindi agitation of 1937–1940
Anti-Hindi_agitation_of_1937–1940
Indian writer (1934–2021)
essays Ilakkiya Chuvadukal (Traces of Literature). He supported the Dravidian movement. Madhavan was born in Thiruvananthapuram to Chellammal and Avudainayagam
A._Madhavan
Indian actor and politician
extensively propagated his reformist ideas, anti-Brahministic views, and Dravidian movement concepts through his plays and films. Despite this, even his opponents
M._R._Radha
Tamil novelist from Chennai, India (born 1964)
exploration of societal intricacies. Closely associated with the Dravidian Movement and its politics, he is considered as one of the leading writers from
Imayam_(writer)
EVR, Thanthai Periyar was a Dravidian social reformer and politician from India, who founded the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam. On the
Periyar and the eradication of caste
Periyar_and_the_eradication_of_caste
Opposition to Brahminism
manifested as an anti-Brahmin sentiment, notably during the Dravidian movement and the Self-Respect Movement in the 20th century, and even in the 21st century among
Anti-Brahminism
Social scientist who studied South Indian politics and culture
was an eminent social scientist whose area of research covered the Dravidian Movement, South Indian politics, cinema, caste, identity and several other
M._S._S._Pandian
Indian politician
Anbil P. Dharmalingam was a politician from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and founder member of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. The Anbil Dharmalingam Agricultural
Anbil_P._Dharmalingam
Suicide by setting oneself on fire
ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17 April 2024. "Self-immolation entwined in Dravidian movement". The Times of India. 30 January 2009. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 17
Self-immolation
Indian politician
for Transport and Highways. He authored a book titled Dravidian Movement in India and Black Movement in the U.S.A. On April 24, 2025, the Madras High Court
K._Ponmudy
20th-century Tamil linguistic-purity movement
Tanittamil Iyakkam (Independent Tamil Movement) is a linguistic purism movement which advocated to remove loanwords from Tamil language. Maraimalai Adigal
Tanittamil_Iyakkam
Language family
The Dravidian languages are a family of languages spoken by 250 million people, primarily in South India, but also in parts of North India, Bangladesh
Dravidian_languages
Tamil social reformer
was a Tamil social reformer, author, and political activist of the Dravidian Movement, who worked for the abolition of the Devadasi system in the Madras
Moovalur_Ramamirtham
Indian film director, actor and politician (b. 1966)
school and college years, Seeman was enthralled with the ideals of the Dravidian movement. He moved to Chennai to pursue his dream of working in the film industry
Seeman
Indian politician (1937–1997)
Gnayiru (a suburb in present-day Tiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu) to Dravidian movement veterans Bhuvaneshwari and N. V. Natarajan. In late 1938, at 18 months
N._V._N._Somu
Indian politician (born 1962)
they have in practice drifted away from the original ideals of the Dravidian movement. Their policies, he says, have mainly benefited the backward class
Thol._Thirumavalavan
Indian senior leader
Kovai Chezhiyan was an Indian senior leader of the Dravidian movement in the Kongu Nadu region and film producer who worked in the 1950s up to late 1990s
Kovai_Chezhiyan
Indian politician (1922–2020)
1922 – 7 March 2020) was an Indian politician. He was part of the Dravidian movement and later joined the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). He served as
K._Anbazhagan
Forced usage of Hindi in India
Day Promotion of Standard Chinese Venkatachalapathy, A. R. (1995). "Dravidian Movement and Saivites: 1927-1944". Economic and Political Weekly. 30 (14):
Hindi_imposition
Dravidian language
in the Pure Tamil Movement which called for removal of all Sanskritic elements from Tamil. It received some support from Dravidian parties. This led to
Tamil_language
Indian artist, poet, lyricist, writer, actor (1931–2013)
Thirupparaithurai Srinivasan Rangarajan, professionally credited by his pseudonym Vaali (29 October 1931 – 18 July 2013), was an Indian poet who has the
Vaali_(poet)
Indian politician (1893–1953)
for his effort to associate the Nadar community with the Self-Respect Movement founded by Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. He was known as the "uncrowned king
W. P. A. Soundarapandian Nadar
W._P._A._Soundarapandian_Nadar
pioneered in Tamil Nadu based on the demands of the Dravidian movement. The leadership of the Dravidian movement had very capable authors and literati in Annadurai
History_of_Tamil_Nadu
Political protest
the Congress moves with mass demonstrations in the themes of separate Dravidian state. Some of the political historians believe that DMK used the demonstration
Kallakudi_demonstration
Indian writer and lyricist
Nagarajan Muthukumar (12 July 1975 – 14 August 2016) was an Indian poet, lyricist, and author who predominantly worked in Tamil language film songs. He
Na._Muthukumar
Indian social movement
Dravidar Viduthalai Kazhagam (DVK) is a social movement in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is a splinter group of Periyar Dravidar Kazhagam. Its policy is
Dravidar_Viduthalai_Kazhagam
Musical artist
Kumaraswamy, was a notable Dravidian leader in Malaysia, known for his advocacy and impact within the Dravidian movement. Yogi B founded the Malaysian
Yogi_B
Indian politician
Nadu. His father S. Sivasubramanian was an ardent supporter of the Dravidian movement and was instrumental in strengthening the DMK in the district. Sivasankar's
S._S._Sivasankar
Indian politician
Victoria Public Hall in Madras which is seen as the start of the Dravidian Movement. She was a member of the Madras Legislative Council in 1931. Kavitha
Alamelu_Mangai_Thayarammal
Indian actor and film producer (1928–2001)
dialogue delivery in Tamil. Secondly, the 1950s saw the growth of the Dravidian movement in Tamil Nadu, under the leadership of C. N. Annadurai, and M. Karunanidhi
Sivaji_Ganesan
On 30 June 2001, M. Karunanidhi, the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu was arrested along with the minister of commerce and industry, Murasoli Maran
Controversy over arrests in Tamil Nadu about construction of flyovers
Controversy_over_arrests_in_Tamil_Nadu_about_construction_of_flyovers
Indian political party
National Progressive Dravidian Federation) is an Indian regional political party in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is a Dravidian party founded by the former
Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam
Desiya_Murpokku_Dravida_Kazhagam
Indian politician
family of the Dravidian Movement by C. N. Annadurai, as a recognition given to the family for their contributions to the Dravidian Movement.[citation needed]
K._A._Mathiazhagan
Indian political party
The Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (transl. Renaissance Dravidian Progressive Federation; abbr. MDMK) is a political party active in the Indian
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Marumalarchi_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam
Component of a personal name based on the given name of one's male ancestor
surnames. This came into common use during the 1950s and 1960s when the Dravidian movement campaigned against the use of one's caste as part of the name. However
Patronymic
Tamil orator and writer (1876–1950)
was a Tamil Saivite writer, orator and father of the Tanittamil Iyakkam movement. He authored more than 100 books, including works on original poems and
Maraimalai_Adigal
also known as Natesan, was an Indian politician and activist of the Dravidian Movement from what is now the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He was one of the
List_of_Vellalars
who founded Self Respect Movement in 1921 along with like minded friends, invited EVR to spearhead the Self-Respect Movement to propagate self-respect
Kudi_Arasu
Political party coalition in Malaysia
Union Movement based on this ideological understanding of ketuanan Melayu. Its founding president, Dato' Onn Jaafar, once said that the UMNO movement did
Barisan_Nasional
Indian women's rights activist
2018. Ghoshal, Arkadev (7 March 2018). "Who is Periyar EV Ramasamy? Dravidian movement stalwart led anti-Hindi agitation after quitting Congress". International
E._V._R._Nagammai
Indian actor
his love for Tamil, which resulted from him growing up during the Dravidian movement. Some of the plays that he has translated includes plays by G. Sankara
Mu_Ramaswamy
Politics related to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu. The politics of Tamil Nadu has largely been dominated by the Dravidian parties of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and All India Anna Dravida
Politics_of_Tamil_Nadu
Indian actor and film director (1953–2013)
in the ideology of the Dravidian movement. However, later he became a National Socialist and an activist in the fren movement. He had political differences
Manivannan
1997 Indian film
he felt that it contained "objectionable" footage denigrating the Dravidian movement founded by Periyar. The politician threatened legal action if the
Iruvar
Agitation against the imposition of the Hindi language
Dravidar Kazhagam. The political careers of many later leaders of the Dravidian Movement, such as C. N. Annadurai and M. Karunanidhi, started with their participation
Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu
Anti-Hindi_agitations_of_Tamil_Nadu
Indian political activist (born 1952)
to his father Rama.Subbaiah's status as an ardent supporter of the Dravidian movement, a member of the DMK's general council, and as a Member of Tamil Nadu
Suba_Veerapandian
Ideology based on a Tamil nation
Palanithurai, G. (1989), Changing Contours of Ethnic Movement: A Case Study of the Dravidian Movement, Annamalai University Dept. of Political Science Monograph
Tamil_nationalism
Indian film director
the Dravidian Movement and a member of the erstwhile Tamil Nadu Legislative Council during 1972-78. Muthuraman's youngest brother is the Dravidian ideologue
S._P._Muthuraman
Indian scholar (1949–2013)
rationalist ideals of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy, the founder of the Dravidian movement. During his days in Pachaiyappa’s College, he changed his original
Periyar_Dasan
Tamil poet, writer, freedom fighter, social reformer (1891–1964)
Ramaswami. Bharathidasan became one of the key figures in the Dravidian rationalist movement. He was bestowed the titles ‘puratchi kavinjar’ (revolutionary
Bharathidasan
British orientalist
Vaitheespara, 'The Unanticipated Legacy of Robert Caldwell and the Dravidian Movement', South Indian Studies, 1, January–June 1996. Schröder, Ulrike (2011)
Robert_Caldwell
Indian social reformer
Thanthai Periyar, or Periyar, was a Dravidian social reformer and politician from India, who founded the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam. He wanted
Periyar_and_social_reform
Indian language learning policy
(PDF). education.gov.in. Retrieved 6 November 2025. "Anna and the Dravidian Movement". South Asia Masala. Archived from the original on 9 August 2017.
Three-language_formula
Tamil scholar and activist (1883–1953)
independence movement. During this period, he became a strong campaigner for worker rights. In 1918 he became active in the trade union movement as an associate
Thiru._V._Kalyanasundaram
From the beginning, the scheme attracted heavy opposition from the Dravidian movement led by Periyar E. V. Ramasamy. The Dravidar Kazhagam organised a conference
Modified Scheme of Elementary Education 1953
Modified_Scheme_of_Elementary_Education_1953
Topics referred to by the same term
activism: Tamil ethnic nationalist activism: anti-Brahminism Self-respect movement Dravidar Kazhagam Tamil linguistic activism Tanittamil Iyakkam Anti-Hindi
Tamil_activism
Indian filmmaker
(2007), a biopic on E.V.Ramaswamy, focused on the history of the Dravidian movement, collating various incidents of the period. The film starred Satyaraj
Gnana_Rajasekaran
1968 Indian Parliament act renaming Madras State to Tamil Nadu
Part I of the Constitution of India Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Dravidian movement "Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968". Lawsisto.com. 20 December
Madras State (Alteration of Name) Act, 1968
Madras_State_(Alteration_of_Name)_Act,_1968
Indian actor and playback singer(1914–1971)
2019. Rangaraj, R. (14 September 2021). "Actor who was a martyr for Dravidian movement". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 14 September 2021
K._R._Ramasamy_(actor)
Sentiments against the people of North India within India
what they perceived as the cultural imperialism of the North. The Dravidian movement, which gained momentum in the 1920s and 1930s, was rooted in the belief
Anti-North_Indian_sentiment
Ethno-linguistic Hindu community of South India
to Periyar E. V. Ramasamy's rationalist ideas and was drawn to the Dravidian movement and later joined the DMK and subsequently, the AIADMK. He was one
Saurashtra_people
Notable people who converted to Buddhism
Iyothee Thass (1845–1914), Siddha practitioner and leader of the Dravidian movement Laxman Mane (1949–), Dalit author and social worker S. N. Goenka (1924–2013)
List_of_converts_to_Buddhism
Mythical lost Tamil continent
had come to be identified as descendants of Indo-Aryans during the Dravidian movement. The non-utopian practices of the 20th century Tamil Hindu society
Kumari_Kandam
Indian convicted of murder in the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi (born 1971)
parents were followers of "Periyar" E.V. Ramasamy, the founder of Dravidian movement in Tamil Nadu. Perarivalan did well in school. Perarivalan was the
A._G._Perarivalan
Surname list
by the Tamils as their last name, but due to the influence of the Dravidian movement, Tamils of all castes have mostly given up caste surnames. However
Bhat
Indian politician
Self-Respect Movement (which was a precursor to the Dravidian movement led by Periyar) and the Communist movement. Before enrolling himself as the first member
P._Jeevanandham
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