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Logical or physical division of storage media
In computer disk storage, a sector is a subdivision of a track on a magnetic disk or optical disc. For most disks, each sector stores a fixed amount of
Disk_sector
Removable disk storage medium
A floppy disk, diskette, or floppy diskette is a type of disk storage made from a thin, flexible disk coated with a magnetic storage medium. It is enclosed
Floppy_disk
Historical method for giving addresses to physical data blocks on hard disk drives
Cylinder-head-sector (CHS) is an early method for giving addresses to each physical block of data on a hard disk drive. It is a 3D-coordinate system made
Cylinder-head-sector
Portion of a disk enclosed by two radii and an arc
A circular sector, also known as circle sector or disk sector or simply a sector (symbol: ⌔), is the portion of a disk (a closed region bounded by a circle)
Circular_sector
Disk encryption is a special case of data at rest protection when the storage medium is a sector-addressable device (e.g., a hard disk). This article presents
Disk_encryption_theory
Electro-mechanical data storage device
A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk is an electro-mechanical computer data storage device that stores and retrieves digital data
Hard_disk_drive
Sector of a disk storage unit which is unreadable
A bad sector in computing is a disk sector on a disk storage unit that is unreadable. Upon taking damage, all information stored on that sector is lost
Bad_sector
Sector of persistent data storage device
A boot sector is the sector of a persistent data storage device (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, optical disc, etc.) which contains machine code to be loaded
Boot_sector
Data storage technology
storing all data in a single hard disk drive or solid-state drive, RAID coordinates two or more such devices into a disk array. When the computer writes
RAID
First sector of partitioned PC computer disk
record (MBR) is a type of boot sector in the first block of partitioned computer mass storage devices like fixed disks or removable drives intended for
Master_boot_record
Disk format and access using sector sizes larger than 512 bytes
any disk sector format used to store data in HDDs, SSDs and SSHDs that exceeds 528 bytes per sector, frequently 4096, 4112, 4160, or 4224-byte sectors. Larger
Advanced_Format
Archive file of an optical disc
with CD-ROM media) is a disk image that contains everything that would be written to an optical disc, disk sector by disc sector, including the optical
Optical_disc_image
read-write floppy disk drive. The 650 had a data capacity of 175 kB, with 50 tracks and 8 sectors per track. The Memorex disk was hard sectored, that is, it
History_of_the_floppy_disk
places sectors too close together for a standard IBM PC compatible floppy disk controller to read (appearing as one 5632-byte physical sector per track)
List_of_floppy_disk_formats
Computer file system architecture design
non-partitioned storage devices, such as floppy disks, the Boot Sector (VBR) is the first sector (logical sector 0 with physical CHS address 0/0/1 or LBA address
Design_of_the_FAT_file_system
Computer software
disk drives (e.g., hard disks, USB flash disks or removable media such as a floppy disks); as such, they are sometimes called sector editors, since the read/write
Disk_editor
to travel to the track of the disk where the data will be read or written. The data on the media is stored in sectors which are arranged in parallel
Hard disk drive performance characteristics
Hard_disk_drive_performance_characteristics
General category of storage mechanisms
heads, and sectors. The sector unit is the smallest size of data to be stored in a hard disk drive, and each file will have many sector units assigned
Disk_storage
Method of overwriting data
all electronic data residing on a hard disk drive or other digital media by overwriting data onto all sectors of the device in an irreversible process
Data_erasure
Computing concept
each of which may correspond to a network host, a peripheral device, a disk sector, a physical memory location, a virtual memory location, or another logical
Address_space
Topics referred to by the same term
Cylinder-head-sector, an early method for giving addresses to blocks of data on a hard drive Disk sector, a subdivision of a track on a disk Sector, or zone
Sector
Process of preparing a data storage device for initial use
Disk formatting is the process of preparing a data storage device such as a hard disk drive, solid-state drive, floppy disk, memory card or USB flash
Disk_formatting
Circuitry that controls reading from and writing to a computer's floppy disk drive
A floppy disk controller (FDC) is a hardware component that directs and controls reading from and writing to a computer's floppy disk drive (FDD). It has
Floppy_disk_controller
common generations of floppy disks (and drives), many other floppy disk formats were developed, either using a different disk design or special layout and
Floppy_disk_variants
Electromechanical malfunctioning
A hard disk drive failure occurs when a hard disk drive malfunctions and the stored information cannot be accessed with a properly configured computer
Hard_disk_drive_failure
as an abstract concept, not a track in the physical sense. Hard disk drive Disk sector Cylinder "Storage Concepts!". quizlet.com. Retrieved 19 May 2025
Track_(disk_drive)
Creation of accessible areas on secondary storage device
Disk partitioning or disk slicing is the creation of one or more regions on secondary storage, so that each region can be managed separately. These regions
Disk_partitioning
Boot loader package
fit in a single sector. For a long time, the size of a sector has been 512 bytes. Since 2009 there are hard disks available with a sector size of 4096 bytes
GNU_GRUB
Implementation of logical volume manager for Microsoft Windows NT
disk. Furthermore, this is not true since Windows Vista which always leaves 1 MB that is aligned to 2048 sector boundaries at the end of a local disk
Logical_Disk_Manager
BIOS interrupt call for disk access
at this vector that provides sector-based hard disk and floppy disk read and write services using cylinder-head-sector (CHS) addressing. Modern PC BIOSes
INT_13H
of CBC with re-used initialization vectors. The individual sector keys are stored on disk and encrypted with a master key. (See GBDE for details) LRW:
Comparison of disk encryption software
Comparison_of_disk_encryption_software
Floppy disk drive for the Apple II computer
The Disk II Floppy Disk Subsystem, often rendered as Disk ][, is a 5 +1⁄4-inch floppy disk drive designed by Steve Wozniak at the recommendation of Mike
Disk_II
Computer file consisting of the contents of a storage device
bit-by-bit copy of every storage location of a device (i.e. every sector of a hard disk drive), but it is now common to only store allocated data to reduce
Disk_image
Data recovery tool
data recovery tool for disk drives, DVDs, CDs, and other digital storage media. It copies raw blocks of storage, such as disk sectors, from one device or
Ddrescue
Discontinued family of computer operating systems
areas on the disk, and the mapping between logical disk sectors (as seen by CP/M programs) and physical sectors as allocated on the disk. There are many
CP/M
File system used by MS-DOS and Windows 9x
developed in 1977 for use on floppy disks, it was adapted for use on hard disks and other devices. The increase in disk drive capacity over time drove modifications
File_Allocation_Table
Computer data storage partitioning standard
maximum disk size of 264 sectors. For disks with 512‑byte sectors, the maximum size is 8 ZiB (264 × 512‑bytes) or 9.44 ZB (9.44 × 1021 bytes). For disks with
GUID_Partition_Table
on December 27, 2005. Retrieved 2022-10-05. The file "FlexHEX\Structures\Disk.fsd" of FlexHex 2.71 installation contains example parsers for FAT and NFTS
Comparison_of_hex_editors
magnetic disk storage devices from 1956 to 2003, when it sold its hard disk drive business to Hitachi. Both the hard disk drive (HDD) and floppy disk drive
History of IBM magnetic disk drives
History_of_IBM_magnetic_disk_drives
Monitoring system in computer drives
reading and writing of data, or an increase in the number of damaged disk sectors. PCTechGuide's page on S.M.A.R.T. (2003) comments that the technology
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology
Self-Monitoring,_Analysis_and_Reporting_Technology
Computer operating system
reserved sector but it could be built to provide two extra drive letters to read and write floppies in the previous SCP 86-DOS 8.0 in disk formats since
86-DOS
Family of operating systems for IBM PC compatibles
DOS (/dɒs/, /dɔːs/) is a family of disk-based operating systems for IBM PC compatible computers. It primarily consists of IBM PC DOS and a rebranded version
DOS
Any of a set of standard configurations of Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks
basic set of RAID ("redundant array of independent disks" or "redundant array of inexpensive disks") configurations that employ the techniques of striping
Standard_RAID_levels
Image scanning device
A Nipkow disk (sometimes Anglicized as Nipkov disk; patented in 1884), also known as scanning disk, is a mechanical, rotating, geometrically operating
Nipkow_disk
Computer program that modifies other programs to replicate itself and spread
disks, while others installed themselves into the disk boot sector, ensuring that they would be run when the user booted the computer from the disk,
Computer_virus
Topics referred to by the same term
4000 (number) Four kibibytes (4 × 1024 bytes, better written 4 KiB) 4K disk sector size (Advanced Format) 4K demoscene compo, a computer art competition
4K
Proprietary file system developed by Microsoft
2011-05-29. "Disk Concepts and Troubleshooting". Windows 2000 Server Resource Kit. Microsoft. 11 September 2008. Replacing the Boot Sector with the Emergency
NTFS
Low level firmware interface to the hardware
to fit in registers, such as tables of control parameters or disk sector data for disk transfers, is passed by allocating a buffer (i.e. some space)
BIOS_interrupt_call
Data recovery utility
TestDisk reads sectors on the storage device to determine if the partition table or filesystem on it requires repair (see next section). TestDisk is able
TestDisk
Computer error message
to find a disk to insert in the drive. The prompt was invented for this reason. Similarly, CP/M would repeatedly read or write a disk sector as long as
Abort,_Retry,_Fail?
Automatic, disk-wide data compression
Disk compression increases the amount of information that can be stored on a disk by automatically compressing and decompressing data as it is written
Disk_compression
Process of securing digital information
Disk encryption is often referred to as on-the-fly encryption (OTFE) or transparent encryption. Full disk encryption encrypts each individual sector of
Data_security
Line-oriented debug utility in DOS
types. It also has several subcommands which are used to access specific disk sectors, I/O ports and memory addresses. Traditionally, all computers and operating
Debug_(command)
Way to specify the location of data on computer storage devices
though the disk drive will report some CHS values as sectors per track (SPT) and heads per cylinder (HPC), they have little to do with the disk drive's true
Logical_block_addressing
Japanese chemicals company
capacitance. The electronics sector also produces aluminum-based and glass-based hard disks as well as aluminum substrates for hard disks. In September 2008 SDK
Resonac
Topics referred to by the same term
(A/F), a measure of hexagonal nut flat size Advanced Format, large hard disk sectors Anaerobic filter, a type of anaerobic digester Arcuate fasciculus, a
AF
Type of computer security breach
challenging. Suggested approaches are checking the hashes of selected disk sectors and partitions. If the device is under surveillance at all times, an
Evil_maid_attack
Type of software utility
disk utility is a utility focused on the functionality of computer disks. A disk utility may support one or more of the following capabilities: disk partitioning
Disk_utility
Disk defragmentation utility for Windows
of selected files to the fastest disk sectors, disk health monitoring and protection, automatic defragmentation, disk cleanup before defragmentation, graphical
UltraDefrag
Floppy drive by Apple
FileWare floppy disk drives and diskettes were designed by Apple Computer as a higher-performance alternative to the Disk II and Disk III floppy systems
Apple_FileWare
Raw disk image
image file's content. For example, a typical floppy disk raw image begins with a FAT boot sector, which can be used to identify the file system. A raw
IMG_(file_format)
Data encoding to store and transmit media
be contained within a single section of a storage medium (e.g. track, disk sector, computer file, document, page, column) or transmitted via a single channel
Content_format
Process of salvaging inaccessible data from corrupted or damaged secondary storage
recover/restore the data files. In the list of logical failures of hard disks, a logical bad sector is the most common fault leading data not to be readable. Sometimes
Data_recovery
Operating system
was used to store sector numbers in the directory. This limited disks to a maximum of 1024 sectors. The new format had 1040 sectors, so 2.0 would not
Atari_DOS
Block cipher
by Paul Crowley for disk encryption. The block size is 4096 bits—unusually large for a block cipher, but a standard disk sector size. Mercy uses a 128-bit
Mercy_(cipher)
Specialised hard disk controller for forensic usage
sees changes to the individual disk sectors it attempted to overwrite. It does this by retrieving sectors from the disk if the operating system hasn't
Forensic_disk_controller
Natural number
symmetric number. (sequence A053701 in the OEIS) 512 bytes is a common disk sector size, and exactly a half of kibibyte. Internet Relay Chat restricts the
512_(number)
File format representing a virtual hard disk drive
VHD (Virtual Hard Disk) and its successor VHDX are file formats representing a virtual hard disk drive (HDD). They may contain what is found on a physical
VHD_(file_format)
Vendor-neutral file system, used in practice for DVDs and other optical discs
Universal Disk Format (UDF) is an open, vendor-neutral file system for computer data storage for a broad range of media. In practice, it has been most
Universal_Disk_Format
Method for hiding data on a floppy disk
tracks, 18 sectors per track, and 512 bytes per sector. A 3.5 inch 720k diskette contains 80 tracks, 9 sectors per track, and 512 bytes per sector. This technique
40-track_mode
Boot sector of non-partitioned media in PC systems
location and layout of the principal on-disk data structures for the file system. (A detailed discussion of the sector layout of FAT VBRs, the various FAT
Volume_boot_record
Encryption system for FreeBSD
the use of disk encryption-specific modes of operation (see disk encryption theory), but instead generates a random key each time a sector is written
GBDE
Removable disk from which a computer can boot an operating system
written to their first sector which silently infects the host computer if switched on with the disk in the drive. Bootable floppy disks ("boot floppies") for
Boot_disk
list of bad sectors detected in the manufacturing stage and a "G" (for "growth") list of bad sectors that crop up after manufacturing. Many disk/controller
Internal hard drive defect management
Internal_hard_drive_defect_management
Type of benchmarking tool
buffers). Iometer allows the configuration of disk parameters such as the 'Maximum Disk Size', 'Starting Disk Sector' and '# of Outstanding I/Os'. This allows
Iometer
Microcomputer virus
put onto a game disk. Elk Cloner spread by infecting the Apple DOS 3.3 operating system using a technique now known as a boot sector virus. It was attached
Elk_Cloner
Placing data accessed sequentially into non-sequential blocks
need sectors 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 1, and must wait for them to pass by, before reading sector 2. This wait for the disk to spin around to the next sector slows
Interleaving_(disk_storage)
Operating system for Tandy TRS-80 computers
TRSDOS for the Model I supported only single-sided disks with 35 tracks formatted in single density (sectors are encoded using the frequency modulation technique)
TRSDOS
Informational and control component of early computers
itself endlessly. When "Clear" is pressed, the disk controller's current disk address is set to sector 0 and its current memory address is set to memory
Front_panel
Shell command for copying and converting file data
first two sectors of a floppy disk: dd if=/dev/fd0 of=MBRboot.img bs=512 count=2 For security reasons, it is sometimes necessary to have a disk wipe of
Dd_(Unix)
Floppy disk drive for the Commodore 64
6502 microprocessor, doubling as a disk controller and on-board disk operating system processor. The number of sectors per track varies from 17 to 21 (an
Commodore_1541
Hard disk monitoring software
Hard Disk Sentinel (HDSentinel) is a computer hard disk drive-monitoring software for Windows, Linux and DOS operating systems. Hard Disk Sentinel was
Hard_Disk_Sentinel
1986 IBM PC boot sector computer virus
the boot sector of a floppy disk with a copy of the virus. The real boot sector is moved to another sector and marked as bad. Infected disks usually have
Brain_(computer_virus)
Computer System Interface (SCSI) as the Data Integrity Field. It extends disk sector from its traditional 512 bytes, to 520 bytes, by adding eight additional
Data_Integrity_Field
Computer bus used for data storage systems
10 megabit controller). ESDI disk drives typically also had jumpers to set the number of sectors per track and (in some cases) sector size. Historical Word serial
Hard_disk_drive_interface
Family of disk operating systems
disks use 13 sectors of data per track, each sector being 256 bytes. It uses 35 tracks per disk side, and can access only one side of the floppy disk
Apple_DOS
Data storage device
install one of these file systems. Sectors are 512 bytes long, for compatibility with hard disk drives, and the first sector can contain a master boot record
USB_flash_drive
Desktop computer developed by Xerox
read a sector from a disk. Further, (documented) calls to BOS subroutines allows a skilled user or program to restart the system, perform disk operations
Xerox_820
Region between two concentric circles
If r = 0 {\displaystyle r=0} , the region is known as the punctured disk (a disk with a point hole in the center) of radius R around the point a. As a
Annulus_(mathematics)
Block cypher operating mode
unit (e.g., a disk sector) for whole-disk encryption. Many whole-disk encryption systems – BestCrypt, dm-crypt, FreeOTFE, TrueCrypt, DiskCryptor, FreeBSD's
Xor–encrypt–xor
Partition used by GNU GRUB to boot GPT partition on BIOS
the second stages of GRUB. On traditional MBR-partitioned devices, the disk sectors immediately following the first are usually unused, as the partitioning
BIOS_boot_partition
Storage medium from Imation
The SuperDisk LS-120 is a high-speed, high-capacity alternative to the 90 mm (3.5 in), 1.44 MB floppy disk. The SuperDisk hardware was created by 3M's
SuperDisk
Microsoft computer operating system
processors and with two notable differences compared to CP/M: an improved disk sector buffering logic, and the introduction of FAT12 instead of the CP/M filesystem
MS-DOS
Data recovery utility by Cleverfiles
Disk Drill is a data recovery utility for Windows and macOS developed by Cleverfiles. It was introduced in 2010, and is primarily designed to recover deleted
Disk_Drill
engineers at IBM's San Jose California laboratory invented the hard disk drive. The disk drive created a new level in the computer data hierarchy, then termed
History_of_hard_disk_drives
Cryptographic hardware
Hardware-based full disk encryption (FDE) is available from many hard disk drive (HDD/SSD) vendors, including Kingston Technology, Integral Memory, iStorage
Hardware-based full disk encryption
Hardware-based_full_disk_encryption
Sector slipping is a technique used to deal with defective sectors in hard disk drives. Due to the volatility of hard disks from their moving parts and
Sector_slipping
Tree-based computer data structure
"disk block" here is what the FAT documentation calls a "cluster", which is a fixed-size group of one or more contiguous whole physical disk sectors.
B-tree
Computer company (1979–1985)
its own RAM, this hosting the disk and tape control software along with a disk sector cache. Data transfers between the disk system and main memory were
Onyx_Systems
Topics referred to by the same term
cluster, a set of computers that work together Data cluster, a group of disk sectors used in a File Allocation Table Business cluster, a geographic cluster
Cluster
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
Boy/Male
Australian, Egyptian
Sun Disk
Boy/Male
Swedish English
Fisherman.
Surname or Lastname
English (East Anglia)
English (East Anglia) : metonymic occupational name for a fisherman or fish seller, or a nickname for someone supposedly resembling a fish in some way, from Old Norse fiskr ‘fish’ (cognate with Old English fisc).
Male
German
 Short form of German Diederick, DIRK means "first of the people; king of nations."
Boy/Male
Teutonic American English German Shakespearean
Rules the people.
Boy/Male
German Teutonic American Dutch English
Dagger.
Male
Egyptian
, the most lovely Disk.
Male
Dutch
, people's ruler.
Male
Egyptian
, disk.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Scandinavian
Fisherman; Fish
Girl/Female
British, English
Direction
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Diss in Suffolk, which gets its name from a Norman pronunciation of Middle English diche, Old English dīc ‘ditch’, ‘dike’ (see Dyke).German : habitational name from Dissen near the Teutoburg forest.
Girl/Female
Norse Greek
Spirited.
Male
English
 Short form of English Richard, DICK means "powerful ruler." Compare with another form of Dick.
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Ruler of People
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Indian, Netherlands, Scandinavian, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic
Ruler of the People; Form of Derek; First of the People; King of Nations
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Greek, Norse, Scandinavian, Swedish
Active Spirit; Goddess; Double
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Swedish, Teutonic
Rich and Powerful Ruler; Powerful; Rich Ruler; Dominant Ruler; Peaceful Ruler; Strong Power; Hardy Power; Powerful Ruler; Brave; First of the People
Girl/Female
Norse
Spirited.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : unexplained. The name has been recorded in Glastonbury, Somerset, since 1705.Perhaps a variant of Czech LiÅ¡ka, (see Liska), Slovak LÃÅ¡ka, or German Liske.
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
Boy/Male
Arabic, French, Indian, Muslim, Parsi, Sindhi
Breeze; Breath of Fresh Air
Girl/Female
Welsh
From the temple.
Girl/Female
German
Will; Helmet
Male
Spanish
Spanish form of Latin Stephanus, ESTAVAN means "crown."
Male
Yiddish
Yiddish form of Hebrew Yechezqel, HASKEL means "God will strengthen."
Boy/Male
Indian
Full of Life
Boy/Male
Hebrew Irish
Gift from God.
Boy/Male
Greek
Follower/gift of Artemis (Greek goddess of the hunt and counterpart of the Roman Diana).
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
Shining
Boy/Male
Teutonic American English
Famous.
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
DISK SECTOR
n.
The state of being concave, or like a dish, or the degree of such concavity; as, the dish of a wheel.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disc, a germinal disc, etc. Same as Disk.
v. i.
To grow dusk.
n.
The food served in a dish; hence, any particular kind of food; as, a cold dish; a warm dish; a delicious dish. "A dish fit for the gods."
n.
A flat, circular plate; as, a disk of metal or paper.
n.
A disk. See Disk.
a.
Disk-shaped; discoid.
v. t.
To shut up, as in a desk; to treasure.
v. t.
To make concave, or depress in the middle, like a dish; as, to dish a wheel by inclining the spokes.
v. t.
To stab with a dirk.
v. t.
To make dusk.
n.
To incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle.
n.
In owls, the space around the eyes.
n.
To expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.
n.
A circular structure either in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal disk, etc.
v. t.
To put in a dish, ready for the table.
n.
Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between light and darkness; twilight; as, the dusk of the evening.
n.
The lower side of the body of some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion, when it is often called a creeping disk.