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Quantization method for constrained Hamiltonian systems with second-class constraints
The Dirac bracket is a generalization of the Poisson bracket developed by Paul Dirac to treat classical systems with second class constraints in Hamiltonian
Dirac_bracket
Suitably normalized antisymmetrization of the phase-space star product
lengthy dispute with Paul Dirac. In the meantime this idea was independently introduced in 1946 by Hip Groenewold. The Moyal bracket is a way of describing
Moyal_bracket
Geometric construct
applications to mechanics. It is based on the notion of the Dirac bracket constraint introduced by Paul Dirac and was first introduced by Ted Courant and Alan Weinstein
Dirac_structure
British physicist (1902–1984)
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (/dɪ.ˈræk/, dih-RAK; 8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984) was a British theoretical physicist who is considered to be one of the
Paul_Dirac
Generators of the Clifford algebra for relativistic quantum mechanics
\left\{\gamma ^{0},\gamma ^{1},\gamma ^{2},\gamma ^{3}\right\}\ ,} also called the Dirac matrices, are a set of conventional matrices with specific anticommutation
Gamma_matrices
Relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation
In particle physics, the Dirac equation is a relativistic wave equation derived by British physicist Paul Dirac in 1928. In its free form, or including
Dirac_equation
Notation for quantum states
was created by Paul Dirac in his paper, "A New Notation for Quantum Mechanics" from 1939. The name comes from the English word bracket. In quantum mechanics
Bra–ket_notation
Punctuation mark
A bracket is either of two tall fore- or back-facing punctuation marks commonly used to isolate a segment of text or data from its surroundings. They
Bracket
Operation in Hamiltonian mechanics
the universal enveloping algebra. Commutator Dirac bracket Lagrange bracket Moyal bracket Peierls bracket Phase space Poisson algebra Poisson ring Poisson
Poisson_bracket
Brackets as used in mathematical notation
(x+n-1)={\frac {(x+n-1)!}{(x-1)!}}.} In quantum mechanics, angle brackets are also used as part of Dirac's formalism, bra–ket notation, to denote vectors from the
Bracket_(mathematics)
calculated previously, and their Dirac brackets generated. First- and second-class constraints were introduced by Dirac (1950, p. 136, 1964, p. 17) as a
First-class_constraint
It is a generalization of the Lie bracket from an operation on the tangent bundle
Dorfman bracket [ ⋅ , ⋅ ] D {\displaystyle [\cdot ,\cdot ]_{D}} , which like the Courant bracket provides an integrability condition for Dirac structures
Courant_bracket
Model of a charged membrane
In quantum mechanics, a Dirac membrane is a model of a charged membrane introduced by Paul Dirac in 1962. Dirac's original motivation was to explain the
Dirac_membrane
Process in quantum mechanical theories
canonical Poisson brackets, a structure which is only partially preserved in canonical quantization. This method was further used by Paul Dirac in the context
Canonical_quantization
Dirac notation Dirac bracket Dirac adjoint Dirac cone Dirac points Dirac constant, see reduced Planck constant Dirac–Coulomb–Breit Hamiltonian Dirac equation
List of things named after Paul Dirac
List_of_things_named_after_Paul_Dirac
Topics referred to by the same term
binary operation fails to be commutative Iverson bracket, notation Lie bracket of vector fields, operator Dirac notation, in quantum mechanics Moment, measures
Math_symbol_brackets
Description of a quantum-mechanical system
unviable. This was fixed by Dirac by taking the so-called square root of the Klein–Gordon operator and in turn introducing Dirac matrices. In a modern context
Schrödinger_equation
Model used in atom optics and magnetic resonance
| e ⟩ {\displaystyle |{\text{e}}\rangle } , respectively (using the Dirac bracket notation). Let the energy difference between the states be ℏ ω 0 {\displaystyle
Rotating-wave_approximation
Clifford algebra in 4 dimensions
In mathematical physics, the Dirac algebra is the Clifford algebra Cl 1 , 3 ( C ) {\displaystyle {\text{Cl}}_{1,3}(\mathbb {C} )} . This was introduced
Dirac_algebra
Mathematical function of two variables; outputs 1 if they are equal, 0 otherwise
sequences with square brackets; thus: δ [ n ] {\displaystyle \delta [n]} . The Kronecker delta is not the result of directly sampling the Dirac delta function
Kronecker_delta
Indicator function of positive numbers
Dirac delta function Indicator function Iverson bracket Laplace transform Laplacian of the indicator List of mathematical functions Macaulay brackets
Heaviside_step_function
Physical fields obeying the Schrödinger equation
field is singular and hence requires the use of Dirac brackets instead of Poisson brackets. Dirac brackets makes use of constraints that arise in singular
Schrödinger_field
Textbook by Paul Dirac
influential monograph written by Paul Dirac and first published by Oxford University Press in 1930. In this book, Dirac presents quantum mechanics in a formal
The Principles of Quantum Mechanics
The_Principles_of_Quantum_Mechanics
Sub-field in optics consisting of lenses and mirrors
fluorescence are not part of linear optics. As an example, and using the Dirac bracket notations (see bra-ket notations), the transformation | k ⟩ → e i k
Linear_optics
Concept in differential geometry
algebroid is a vector bundle together with an inner product and a compatible bracket more general than that of a Lie algebroid. It is named after Theodore Courant
Courant_algebroid
Quantum field theory equations
quantum electrodynamics (QED) and quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the two-body Dirac equations (TBDE) of constraint dynamics provide a three-dimensional yet
Two-body_Dirac_equations
Formulation of general relativity
recovered by taking Poisson brackets with the Hamiltonian. Additional on-shell constraints, called secondary constraints by Dirac, arise from the consistency
Canonical_quantum_gravity
Operation measuring the failure of two entities to commute
define Clifford algebras and Jordan algebras and in the derivation of the Dirac equation in particle physics. The commutator of two operators acting on
Commutator
Physical quantity conserved throughout a motion
Poisson bracket { A , B } {\displaystyle \{A,B\}} . A system with n degrees of freedom, and n constants of motion, such that the Poisson bracket of any
Constant_of_motion
Mathematical function characterizing set membership
{\displaystyle \chi _{A}.} The indicator function of A is the Iverson bracket of the property of belonging to A; that is, 1 A ( x ) = [ x ∈ A ]
Indicator_function
Theorem in quantum mechanics
Bose–Einstein statistics, while those with half-integer spin obey Fermi–Dirac statistics. The statistics of indistinguishable particles is among the most
Spin–statistics_theorem
Atoms with a single valence electron, so they behave like hydrogen
hydrogen-like ions. The non-relativistic Schrödinger equation and relativistic Dirac equation for the hydrogen atom and hydrogen-like atoms can be solved analytically
Hydrogen-like_atom
Physical field theory with no forces/interactions
{\displaystyle \partial ^{\mu }\partial _{\mu }\phi +m^{2}\phi =0} The Dirac equation describes the free motion of a spin 1 2 {\textstyle {\frac {1}{2}}}
Free_field
Mathematical structure in differential geometry
defines a Dirac structure, i.e. a Lagrangian subbundle of T M ⊕ T ∗ M {\displaystyle TM\oplus T^{*}M} which is closed under the standard Courant bracket. The
Poisson_manifold
Physics principle formulated by Niels Bohr
classical–quantum correspondence. Dirac connected the structures of classical mechanics known as Poisson brackets to analogous structures of quantum
Correspondence_principle
Transition rate formula
rule is named after Enrico Fermi, the first to obtain the formula was Paul Dirac, as he had twenty years earlier formulated a virtually identical equation
Fermi's_golden_rule
Function returning minus 1, zero or plus 1
distribution theory, the derivative of the signum function is two times the Dirac delta function. This can be demonstrated using the identity sgn x = 2
Sign_function
Dutch theoretical physicist (1910–1996)
bracket, as had been envisioned by Paul Dirac. This observation and his counterexamples contrasting Poisson brackets to commutators have been generalized
Hilbrand_J._Groenewold
American mathematician
contributions to the study of Dirac manifolds, which generalize both symplectic manifolds and Poisson manifolds, and are related to the Dirac theory of constraints
Theodore_James_Courant
Formulation of quantum mechanics
Demichev 2001. Dirac 1933. Van Vleck 1928. Bernstein, Jeremy (2010-04-20). "Another Dirac". arXiv:1004.3578 [physics.hist-ph]. Feynman 1948. Dirac 1933 Klauber
Path-integral_formulation
Formulation of quantum mechanics
all. But Heisenberg, Born and Jordan, unlike Dirac, were not familiar with the theory of Poisson brackets, so, for them, the differentiation effectively
Matrix_mechanics
Atom of the element hydrogen
Paul Dirac found an equation that was fully compatible with special relativity, and (as a consequence) made the wave function a 4-component "Dirac spinor"
Hydrogen_atom
German-born British physicist (1907–1995)
being overturned by the new quantum mechanics of Werner Heisenberg and Paul Dirac. In 1928, Sommerfeld set off on a world tour. On his advice, Peierls moved
Rudolf_Peierls
Formula for spinors
1963, and Roland Weitzenböck. The formula gives a relationship between the Dirac operator and the Laplace–Beltrami operator acting on spinors, in which the
Lichnerowicz_formula
Wigner distribution function in physics as opposed to in signal processing
similar to the Margenau-Hill quasiprobability distribution and the Kirkwood–Dirac quasiprobability distribution. It was introduced by Eugene Wigner in 1932
Wigner quasiprobability distribution
Wigner_quasiprobability_distribution
Objects that generalize functions
equations whose solutions or initial conditions are distributions, such as the Dirac delta function. The practical use of distributions can be traced back to
Distribution (mathematical analysis)
Distribution_(mathematical_analysis)
French mathematician and physicist (1781–1840)
became the basis for the study of Lie algebras. In September 1925, Paul Dirac received proofs of a seminal paper by Werner Heisenberg on the new branch
Siméon_Denis_Poisson
Class of discontinuous functions
\rangle } " are often referred to as singularity brackets. The functions are defined as: where: δ(x) is the Dirac delta function, also called the unit impulse
Singularity_function
Application of Lagrangian mechanics to field theories
{\displaystyle \psi } is a Dirac spinor, ψ ¯ = ψ † γ 0 {\displaystyle {\bar {\psi }}=\psi ^{\dagger }\gamma ^{0}} is its Dirac adjoint, and ∂ / {\displaystyle
Lagrangian_(field_theory)
Piecewise function that clamps its input to be non-negative
{\frac {d^{2}}{dx^{2}}}R(x-x_{0})=\delta (x-x_{0}),} where δ(x) is the Dirac delta. This means that R(x) is a Green's function for the second derivative
Ramp_function
{\displaystyle \langle \Box |{\text{ and }}|\Box \rangle } Bra–ket notation or Dirac notation: if x and y are elements of an inner product space, | x ⟩ {\displaystyle
Glossary of mathematical symbols
Glossary_of_mathematical_symbols
Mathematical tool in quantum physics
and a theory of quantum measurements. The term density was introduced by Dirac in 1931 when he used von Neumann's operator to calculate electron density
Density_matrix
Type of derivative in differential geometry
assumed to be a Killing vector field, and γ a {\displaystyle \gamma ^{a}} are Dirac matrices. It is then possible to extend Lichnerowicz's definition to all
Lie_derivative
Mathematical structures that allow quantum mechanics to be explained
Jordan, and the foundational work of John von Neumann, Hermann Weyl and Paul Dirac, and it became possible to unify several different approaches in terms of
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
Mathematical_formulation_of_quantum_mechanics
Lowest possible energy of a quantum system or field
and others, Paul Dirac's theory of emission and absorption (1927) was the first application of the quantum theory of radiation. Dirac's work was seen as
Zero-point_energy
Superimposition of two or more exposures to create a single image
by a Dirac delta measure (flash) and a constant finite rectangular window, in combination. For example, a sensitivity window comprising a Dirac comb combined
Multiple_exposure
Type of manifold in differential geometry
preserving only the differential-algebraic structures of a symplectic manifold. Dirac manifolds generalize Poisson manifolds and presymplectic manifolds by preserving
Symplectic_manifold
Non-tensorial representation of the spin group
most common spinor fields in relativistic physics are Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana spinor fields. A Dirac spinor is a section of the full complex spinor bundle
Spinor
Japanese-American nobel-winning physicist
Bogoliubov–Valatin equations, known in the BCS theory of superconductivity, and the Dirac equation), and also proposed the hypothesis of partial conservation of the
Yoichiro_Nambu
Tensor field in Riemannian geometry
ISBN 978-0-486-63612-2. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) P. A. M. Dirac (1996). General Theory of Relativity. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-01146-2
Riemann_curvature_tensor
Relation satisfied by conjugate variables in quantum mechanics
the Poisson bracket multiplied by i ℏ {\displaystyle i\hbar } , { x , p } = 1 . {\displaystyle \{x,p\}=1\,.} This observation led Dirac to propose that
Canonical commutation relation
Canonical_commutation_relation
Conversion of continuous functions into discrete counterparts
interpreted as the coefficients of a linear combination of Dirac delta functions, forms a Dirac comb. If additionally truncation is applied, one obtains
Discretization
Measure of inequality of a statistical distribution
functions with support on [ 0 , ∞ ) {\displaystyle [0,\infty )} are shown. The Dirac delta distribution represents the case where everyone has the same wealth
Gini_coefficient
Theory of quantum gravity merging quantum mechanics and general relativity
hypersurface under gauge transformations will be an orbit entirely within it. Dirac observables are defined as phase space functions, O {\displaystyle O} ,
Loop_quantum_gravity
Study of quantum systems changing with time
key insight in the development of quantum mechanics, first noted by Paul Dirac. Despite this difference, the role of the Hamiltonian remains central in
Quantum_dynamics
Example of a phase-space star product in mathematics
article and was crucially lacking it in his legendary correspondence with Dirac, as illustrated in his biography. The popular naming after Moyal appears
Moyal_product
Representation of the symmetry group of spacetime in special relativity
Physicist Paul Dirac was perhaps the first to manifestly knit everything together in a practical application of major lasting importance with the Dirac equation
Representation theory of the Lorentz group
Representation_theory_of_the_Lorentz_group
Supersymmetric generalization of the Poincaré algebra
{\displaystyle \mu =0,1,2,3.} It is convenient to work with Dirac spinors instead of Weyl spinors; a Dirac spinor can be thought of as an element of 2 ⊕ 2 ¯ {\displaystyle
Super-Poincaré_algebra
Theorem in quantum mechanics
theorem of Hamiltonian mechanics, which involves the Poisson bracket instead of a commutator. Dirac's rule of thumb suggests that statements in quantum mechanics
Ehrenfest_theorem
Symbol used to indicate the del operator
vector differential operator Del in cylindrical and spherical coordinates Dirac operator grad, div, and curl, differential operators defined using nabla
Nabla_symbol
General relativity in M-theory
spinorial representation is the Dirac spinor, which exists in every number of space-time dimensions. However the Dirac spinor representation is not always
Higher-dimensional supergravity
Higher-dimensional_supergravity
Algebra based on a vector space with a quadratic form
define the Dirac equation and introduce the Dirac operator. The entire Clifford algebra shows up in quantum field theory in the form of Dirac field bilinears
Clifford_algebra
Origin and evolution of the symbols used to write equations and formulas
interactions. Bra–ket notation (Dirac notation) is a standard notation for describing quantum states, composed of angle brackets and vertical bars. It can also
History of mathematical notation
History_of_mathematical_notation
South Korean physicist, academic, author and researcher
1962, Dirac visited University of Maryland for one week and Kim was assigned to Dirac as a personal assistant during his visit. At the time, Dirac was working
Young_Suh_Kim
Partial differential equations describing diffusion
case takes the initial value p t ( x ) {\displaystyle p_{t}(x)} to be a Dirac delta function centered on the known initial state x . {\displaystyle x
Kolmogorov backward equations (diffusion)
Kolmogorov_backward_equations_(diffusion)
scale: one thousand sextillion, or one sextilliard) Cosmology: The Eddington–Dirac number is roughly 1040. Mathematics: 558 = 34,694,469,519,536,141,888,238
Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)
Cyrillic letter
Sha when they use the term Shah function for what is otherwise called a Dirac comb. The shuffle product is often denoted by ш. ש : Hebrew letter ש श:
Sha_(Cyrillic)
Approximation or recovery of classical mechanics in certain theories
Liouville's theorem upon quantization. In a crucial paper (1933), Paul Dirac explained how classical mechanics is an emergent phenomenon of quantum mechanics:
Classical_limit
Taylor series expansion in probability theory
^{(n)}(x-x_{0})\mu _{n}(t|x_{0},t_{0})} Now we need to integrate away the Dirac delta function. Fixing a small τ > 0 {\displaystyle \tau >0} , we have by
Kramers–Moyal_expansion
American theoretical physicist (1918–1988)
puzzled the audience. Feynman failed to get his point across, and Paul Dirac, Edward Teller and Niels Bohr all raised objections. To Freeman Dyson, one
Richard_Feynman
Properties underlying modern physics
The results can be extended to many-particle wavefunctions. Written in Dirac notation as standard, the transformations on quantum state vectors are:
Symmetry_in_quantum_mechanics
}\end{array}}\right]\,\end{aligned}}} where Σ are the Dirac spin matrices and α are the matrices used in the Dirac equation, and σ is the triplet of the Pauli matrices
Matrix representation of Maxwell's equations
Matrix_representation_of_Maxwell's_equations
Physical theory with fields invariant under the action of local "gauge" Lie groups
electron field. The bare-bones action that generates the electron field's Dirac equation is S = ∫ ψ ¯ ( i ℏ c γ μ ∂ μ − m c 2 ) ψ d 4 x {\displaystyle {\mathcal
Gauge_theory
Slanting line punctuation mark (/)
Technically this notation is a shorthand for contracting the vector with the Dirac gamma matrices, so A / = γ μ A μ {\displaystyle A\!\!\!/=\gamma ^{\mu }A_{\mu
Slash_(punctuation)
Approach to general relativity
bundle Connection (mathematics) G-structure Spin manifold Spin structure Dirac equation in curved spacetime The same approach can be used for a spacetime
Tetrad_formalism
Infinite series summing alternating 1 and -1 terms
(1-1)+(1-1)+(1-1)+(1-1)+\ldots =0+0+0+0+\ldots =0.} On the other hand, a similar bracketing procedure leads to the apparently contradictory result 1 + ( − 1 + 1 )
Grandi's_series
Vector used in astronomy
Bibcode:2023JETPL.117..716E. doi:10.1134/S0021364023600635. S2CID 259225778. Dirac, P. A. M. (1958). Principles of Quantum Mechanics (4th revised ed.). Oxford
Laplace–Runge–Lenz_vector
Mathematical technique
moments. The Macaulay method predates more sophisticated concepts such as Dirac delta functions and step functions but achieves the same outcomes for beam
Macaulay's_method
Property of a mathematical function
Calculus of a Single Variable. Springer. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-4939-1926-0. Dirac, Paul (1982) [1930]. The Principles of Quantum Mechanics. USA: Oxford University
Semi-differentiability
Mathematical object that describes the electromagnetic field in spacetime
part in the right hand side, containing the Dirac spinor ψ {\displaystyle \psi } , represents the Dirac field. In quantum field theory it is used as
Electromagnetic_tensor
Matrices important in quantum mechanics and the study of spin
{\displaystyle \ -i\ \Sigma _{0k}\equiv {\mathsf {\alpha }}_{k}\ ,} where the Dirac αk matrices are defined as α k = ( 0 σ k σ k 0 ) . {\displaystyle \
Pauli_matrices
libopus libvorbis Musepack Speex TooLAME / TwoLAME WavPack Daala dav1d Dirac FFmpeg Huffyuv Lagarith libaom libgav1 libtheora libvpx OpenH264 rav1e SVT-AV1
List of free and open-source software packages
List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages
Formulation to quantize gauge field theories in physics
and local operators which act on them, and a Hamiltonian system in the Dirac picture, composed of states which characterize the entire system at a given
BRST_quantization
Foundational principle in quantum physics
with equality achieved when x or X is a Dirac mass, or more generally when x is a nonzero multiple of a Dirac comb supported on a subgroup of the integers
Uncertainty_principle
Quantization giving rise to photons
is the Planck constant and ν is the wave frequency. In 1927 Paul A. M. Dirac was able to weave the photon concept into the fabric of the new quantum
Quantization of the electromagnetic field
Quantization_of_the_electromagnetic_field
\rho ^{\dagger }=\rho } Density operator Synonymous to "density matrix". Dirac notation Synonymous to "bra–ket notation". Hilbert space Given a system
Glossary of elementary quantum mechanics
Glossary_of_elementary_quantum_mechanics
Field-effect transistor made from carbon nanotubes
filled by the drain ND, and these densities are determined by the Fermi–Dirac probability distributions. N S = 1 2 ∫ − ∞ + ∞ D ( E ) f ( E − U S F ) d
Carbon nanotube field-effect transistor
Carbon_nanotube_field-effect_transistor
248-dimensional exceptional simple Lie group
group E8 but does not preserve the Lie bracket. The Thompson group fixes a lattice and does preserve the Lie bracket of this lattice mod 3, giving an embedding
E8_(mathematics)
{\hat {A}}} , and δ 4 ( x − y ) {\displaystyle \delta ^{4}(x-y)} is the Dirac delta function. Similar arguments yield for A ^ {\displaystyle {\hat {A}}}
Common integrals in quantum field theory
Common_integrals_in_quantum_field_theory
Mathematical group
OCLC 945482850. Habermann, Katharina (2006). Introduction to symplectic Dirac operators. Springer. p. 2. ISBN 978-3-540-33421-7. OCLC 262692314. "Lecture
Symplectic_group
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
Boy/Male
Indian
Old Arabic name
Boy/Male
Muslim
Old Arabic name
Girl/Female
Indian
Beautiful, Splendor, Derived from Indira - Goddess laxmis name
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English, Old French brachet, denoting a type of hound. The word was also used as a term of abuse.Captain Richard Brackett (1610–c. 1691) came to Boston, MA, in about 1629, and moved to Braintree, MA, in 1641.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Beautiful, Splendor, Derived from Indira - Goddess laxmis name
Boy/Male
Indian
Scholar
Boy/Male
Muslim
Scholar
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Swahili
Grace
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Stream
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Chrissy, KRISSY means "believer" or "follower of Christ."
Girl/Female
Indian
United; Strong
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
A King
Girl/Female
Hindu
Radha
Female
Egyptian
, Seven Rayed.
Boy/Male
Hebrew Spanish
God is my judge.
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
The Sky
Female
Greek
(ΤυÏÏŽ) Greek name TYRO means "like cheese." In mythology, this is the name of a Thessalian princess who was the mother of Nileas (Latin Neleus).
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
DIRAC BRACKET
n.
Hence, a work of art of sacred subject, having a partially architectural character, as a solid frame resting on a bracket, or the like.
n.
A gas fixture or lamp holder projecting from the face of a wall, column, or the like.
n.
A forked post or projecting bracket to support spars, etc., -- generally used in pairs. See Crotch, 2.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Bracket
n.
A piece or combination of pieces, usually triangular in general shape, projecting from, or fastened to, a wall, or other surface, to support heavy bodies or to strengthen angles.
n.
A small branching shrub (Dirca palustris), with a white, soft wood, and a tough, leathery bark, common in damp woods in the Northern United States; -- called also moosewood, and wicopy.
n.
A series or group of brackets; brackets, collectively.
n.
A kind of bracket, or angular piece of iron, fastened in the angles of a structure to give strength or stiffness; esp., the part joining the barrel and the fire box of a locomotive boiler.
imp. & p. p.
of Bracket
n.
A small projecting boss or bracket, on the under side of the hinged seat of a church stall (see Stall). It was intended, the seat being turned up, to give some support to a worshiper when standing. Called also misericordia.
v. t.
To place within brackets; to connect by brackets; to furnish with brackets.
n.
The matter contained within brackets.
n.
A bracket. See Bracket.
n.
The enriched block or horizontal bracket generally found under the cornice of the Corinthian and Composite entablature, and sometimes, less ornamented, in the Ionic and other orders; -- so called because of its arrangement at regulated distances.
n.
A shot, crooked timber, resembling a knee, used as a support.
n.
A bracket to support a balcony, a cornice, or the like.
n.
One of two characters [], used to inclose a reference, explanation, or note, or a part to be excluded from a sentence, to indicate an interpolation, to rectify a mistake, or to supply an omission, and for certain other purposes; -- called also crotchet.
n.
The cheek or side of an ordnance carriage.
n.
An architectural member, plain or ornamental, projecting from a wall or pier, to support weight falling outside of the same; also, a decorative feature seeming to discharge such an office.
n.
A bracket supporting a superincumbent object, or receiving the spring of an arch. Corbels were employed largely in Gothic architecture.