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Absorption features in astronomical spectra
Diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are absorption features seen in the spectra of astronomical objects in the Milky Way and other galaxies. They are caused
Diffuse_interstellar_bands
Cage-like allotrope of carbon
been identified in the interstellar medium, where it is the cause of several absorption features known as diffuse interstellar bands in the near-infrared
Buckminsterfullerene
Exotic phase of matter formed by Rydberg atoms
magnesium and calcium. It has been suggested to be a material that diffuse interstellar bands may arise from. Circular Rydberg states, where the outermost electron
Rydberg_matter
Interstellar absorption and scattering of light
diffuse interstellar bands, the 3.1 μm water ice feature, and the 10 and 18 μm silicate features. In the solar neighborhood, the rate of interstellar
Extinction_(astronomy)
Matter and radiation in the space between the star systems in a galaxy
dust grains. Astrophysical maser Diffuse interstellar band Fossil stellar magnetic field Heliosphere List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules Photodissociation
Interstellar_medium
frequency ratios in different objects? Diffuse interstellar bands: What is responsible for the numerous interstellar absorption lines detected in astronomical
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
for insights into massive star evolution, interstellar medium interactions, and diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in low-metallicity environments like
HD_38029
American astronomer (1920–2013)
field of diffuse interstellar band (DIB) research, especially through a series of nine articles published between 1963 and 1995 entitled "The diffuse interstellar
George_Herbig
(2015), "Laboratory confirmation of C60+ as the carrier of two diffuse interstellar bands", Nature, 523 (7560): 322–323, Bibcode:2015Natur.523..322C, doi:10
List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules
List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules
American astronomer
spectra of distant binaries as interstellar in origin. She was also the discoverer of the diffuse interstellar bands. Deciding to focus on raising her
Mary_Lea_Heger
Life arising from non-living matter
Francisco; Figer, Donald F.; et al. (10 November 2011). "Infrared diffuse interstellar bands in the Galactic Centre region". Nature. 479 (7372): 200–202. arXiv:1111
Abiogenesis
Galaxy in the constellation Horologium
of SN 2001el, over a dozen diffuse interstellar bands were discovered in NGC 1448 – one of the few cases that these bands were observed outside of the
NGC_1448
Dust floating in space
insight into the Universe's recycling processes; in the clouds of the diffuse interstellar medium, in molecular clouds, in the circumstellar dust of young stellar
Cosmic_dust
Chemical compound
12976. PMC 6282608. PMID 29981148. Sarre PJ (July 2006). "The Diffuse Interstellar Bands: A Major Problem in Astronomical Spectroscopy". Journal of Molecular
Proflavine
Topics referred to by the same term
Interface Board, a component of electronic Automatic Test Equipment Diffuse interstellar band, an astronomical spectroscopy term Dry ice bomb, a bomb-like device
DIB
Interstellar comet in 2025
3I/ATLAS, also known as C/2025 N1 (ATLAS) and previously as A11pl3Z, is an interstellar comet discovered on 1 July 2025 by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last
3I/ATLAS
American astronomer
stars, using spectroscopy. He also studied the interstellar medium, including diffuse interstellar bands. Shortly before he retired, he succeeded in detecting
Paul_W._Merrill
Polyatomic ion (H3, charge +1)
molecular interstellar clouds in the sightlines GL2136 and W33A. In 1998, H+3 was unexpectedly detected by McCall et al. in a diffuse interstellar cloud in
Trihydrogen_cation
Milky Way superbubble
the denser interstellar medium. In 2019, the first 3D map of the Local Bubble was reported using observations of diffuse interstellar bands. In 2020, the
Local_Bubble
Supernova in Messier 82
Observations of the diffuse interstellar bands in the spectrum of the supernova indicated that it lay behind a significant quantity of interstellar medium in M82
SN_2014J
Catalogues consisting of data from the Gaia mission
Extended radial velocity epoch data for Long Period Variables. Diffuse Interstellar Bands from aggregated RVS spectra. Updated astrometry for Solar System
Gaia_catalogues
Dutch physicist
"Observation of Inter-Rydberg Transitions in H2 Coinciding with Diffuse Interstellar Bands". The Astrophysical Journal. 476 (2): L93–L96. doi:10.1086/310508
Wim_Ubachs
Star in the constellation Sagitta
extensively studied because of the diffuse interstellar bands visible in its spectrum. The strongest lines are caused by interstellar atomic iron, potassium, lithium
HD_183143
Collection of bound atoms or molecules
P. (2015). "Laboratory confirmation of C60+ as carrier of two diffuse interstellar bands". Nature. 523 (7560): 322–325. Bibcode:2015Natur.523..322C. doi:10
Nanocluster
Great Comet of 1996
Meier, R. (February 2014). λ4430 Emission by Comet Hyakutake. The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, IAU Symposium
Comet_Hyakutake
Inorganic radical with the chemical formula NH
in diffuse clouds. NH is involved in creating N2, OH, H, CN+, CH, N, NH+ 2, NH+ for the interstellar medium. NH has been reported in the diffuse interstellar
Imidogen
Class of extreme chemical compounds
2015). "Laboratory confirmation of C60+ as the carrier of two diffuse interstellar bands". Nature. 523 (7560): 322–323. Bibcode:2015Natur.523..322C. doi:10
Helium_compounds
Canadian physicist (1924–2010)
to perform research. By 2000, he was working on the origin of diffuse interstellar bands. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1975 and a Fellow
Boris_P._Stoicheff
Star in the constellation Ophiuchus
conducted on HD 161056 to provide insight into the interstellar medium. The ESO Diffuse Interstellar Bands Large Exploration Survey (EDIBLES) detected signatures
HD_161056
Planetary nebula in the constellation Ara
Theoretical Study of Carbon Nanotube Formation: Carriers of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands?". The Astrophysical Journal. 993 (1): 18. Bibcode:2025ApJ...993
IC_1266
Dutch astronomer
Blake) and he created the first broad detection-limited survey of Diffuse Interstellar Bands in his PhD thesis work with Xavier Désert. Derix, Govert (2012)
Peter_Jenniskens
Aqueous cation H3O+
molecular ion in the interstellar medium and is found in diffuse and dense molecular clouds as well as the plasma tails of comets. Interstellar sources of hydronium
Hydronium
Book by Fred Hoyle
3.4-μm interstellar absorption feature. Nature 287, 518−519 (1980). Allen, D. A. & Wickramasinghe, D. T. Diffuse interstellar absorption bands between
Diseases_from_Space
NASA satellite of the Explorer program (2003-2008)
CHIPS (Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer, also Explorer 82 or UNEX-2, sometimes CHIPSAT) was a NASA Explorer program satellite. It was launched
CHIPS_(satellite)
Chemical compound
•CN. The cyano radical was one of the first detected molecules in the interstellar medium, in 1938. Its detection and analysis was influential in astrochemistry
Cyano_radical
Chemical compound
are very few photons around to do this in space. ArH+ occurs in interstellar diffuse atomic hydrogen gas. For argonium to form, the fraction of molecular
Argonium
Telescope in La Palma, Spain
first spectrum of Hanny's Voorwerp (2009) The discovery that diffuse interstellar bands do not originate in circumstellar envelopes (2008) Confirmation
William_Herschel_Telescope
Greek physicist
two diffuse interstellar bands. Their estimation has been confirmed in many other papers that roughly 0.1% (!) of all carbon in the interstellar medium
Konstantinos_Fostiropoulos
Void between celestial bodies
galaxy. Interstellar space contains an interstellar medium of sparse matter and radiation. The boundary between an astrosphere and interstellar space is
Outer_space
stars, planets, nebulae and other objects that are surrounded by an interstellar medium and held together by gravity. They do not have a definite boundary
List_of_largest_galaxies
Chemical compound
(2012-01-03). "INVESTIGATING THE COSMIC-RAY IONIZATION RATE IN THE GALACTIC DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM THROUGH OBSERVATIONS OF H+3". The Astrophysical Journal. 745
Phosphorus_mononitride
Type of interstellar cloud
a stellar nursery if star formation is occurring within—is a type of interstellar cloud of which the density and size permit absorption nebulae, the formation
Molecular_cloud
Scottish astrophysicist
F. G.; Williams, M. E. (2014). "Interstellar medium. Pseudo-three-dimensional maps of the diffuse interstellar band at 862 nm". Science. 345 (6198):
Rosemary_Wyse
Light from the stars
The interstellar medium can produce circularly polarized (CP) light from unpolarized light by sequential scattering from elongated interstellar grains
Starlight
Chemical compound
dense molecular clouds, and to date HCNH+ has not been detected in diffuse interstellar material. While not directly detected via spectroscopy, the existence
Protonated_hydrogen_cyanide
Gravitational process studied in astronomy
Way contain stars, stellar remnants, and a diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) of gas and dust. The interstellar medium consists of 104 to 106 particles per
Star_formation
Galaxy in the constellation Virgo
truncated—possibly by an encounter with another galaxy. Its interstellar medium consists of diffuse gas enriched by elements emitted from evolved stars. In
Messier_87
Branch of astronomy
and dust by radiation pressure and strong stellar winds into the diffuse interstellar medium. Solar mass-type stars take more time and develop a protoplanetary
Dust_astronomy
(celestial object) diffuse interstellar band, an absorption feature in stellar spectra with an interstellar origin DIRBE – (instrumentation) Diffuse InfraRed Background
List_of_astronomy_acronyms
Measure of the luminosity of celestial objects
light-years), without extinction (or dimming) of its light due to absorption by interstellar matter and cosmic dust. By hypothetically placing all objects at a standard
Absolute_magnitude
Interstellar comet in 2019
(Borisov), is the first observed rogue comet and the second observed interstellar interloper, after ʻOumuamua. It was discovered by the amateur astronomer
2I/Borisov
Galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices
edge. Between the stars is a dense interstellar medium full of heavy elements emitted by evolved stars. The diffuse stellar halo extends out to one million
NGC_4889
NASA sample-return mission to Comet 81P/Wild 2 (1999–2011)
hydrocarbons with longer chain lengths than those observed in the diffuse interstellar medium; abundant amorphous silicates in addition to crystalline silicates
Stardust_(spacecraft)
British astronomer (born 1939)
3.4-μm interstellar absorption feature. Nature 287, 518−519 (1980). Allen, D. A. & Wickramasinghe, D. T. Diffuse interstellar absorption bands between
Chandra_Wickramasinghe
NASA satellite of the Explorer program
"Near and far-infrared observations of interplanetary dust bands from the COBE Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment". The Astrophysical Journal. 442
Cosmic_Background_Explorer
Visual grouping of five galaxies
in the shock region are similarly identical to those found in the diffuse interstellar medium of the Milky Way. Astronomers proposed that the surviving
Stephan's_Quintet
Measurement of electromagnetic radiation for astronomy
major bands of radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum: visible light, radio waves, and X-rays. While all spectroscopy looks at specific bands of the
Astronomical_spectroscopy
States of matter for water as a solid
other indicators (such as the 3.1 and 12 μm bands) fail. This is useful studying ice in the interstellar medium and circumstellar disks. However, observing
Phases_of_ice
Emission nebula in the constellation Cygnus
Nebula is part of the same interstellar cloud of ionized hydrogen (H II region) as the Pelican Nebula, separated by a dark band of dust, and listed the two
North_America_Nebula
Star whose atmosphere contains more carbon than oxygen
astronomical spectroscopy. By definition carbon stars have dominant spectral Swan bands from the molecule C2. Many other carbon compounds may be present at high
Carbon_star
Astronomical object emitting X-rays
records of any sightings of the progenitor supernova, probably due to interstellar dust absorbing optical wavelength radiation before it reached Earth (although
Astrophysical_X-ray_source
Region of space
with the point X-ray sources which populate the Milky Way, an apparently diffuse X-ray emission concentrated in the galactic plane is also observed. This
Galactic_ridge
Astrophysical phenomenon
to a neutron star or black hole, or is completely destroyed to form a diffuse nebula. The peak optical luminosity of a supernova can be comparable to
Supernova
Open cluster in the constellation Cygnus
extinction greatly is from faint surrounding nebulosity and other foreground interstellar matter of this cross-section of the spiral arms (see Orion–Cygnus Arm
Messier_29
Reflection nebula in the constellation Cepheus
fullerenes (C60) making it the first firm detection of neutral fullerenes in interstellar space and one of the largest molecules detected in space. The fullerens
Iris_Nebula
Type of starburst galaxy
Telescope (JWST) (e.g.). Three examples of this are: "JADES: Probing interstellar medium conditions at z ~ 5.5–9.5 with ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy"
Blueberry_galaxy
Constellation straddling the celestial equator
intense flare was observed. The star has also been a target of plans for interstellar travel such as Project Daedalus. In 2005, astronomers using data from
Ophiuchus
Alleged extraterrestrial being
as technological communication from a real space being on an urgent interstellar undertaking. However, throughout the 1950s and 1960s, as many individuals
Ashtar_Sheran
System of stars and interstellar matter
system of stars, planetary systems, stellar remnants, substellar objects, interstellar gas, dust, and dark matter bound together by gravity. The word is derived
Galaxy
Schmidt proposed that the Sun, in its present form, passed through a dense interstellar cloud and emerged enveloped in a cloud of dust and gas, from which the
History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses
History_of_Solar_System_formation_and_evolution_hypotheses
agent who uses inventive and non-violent solutions to resolve crimes and diffuse conflict, starring Richard Dean Anderson. Meisie van Avignon, Die Dubbed
List of South African television series
List_of_South_African_television_series
Brightest galaxy within a galaxy cluster
smaller systems. Radio-jet turbulence and radiation feedback from the interstellar medium (ISM) as well as possible dual SMBH systems in adjacent galaxies
Brightest_cluster_galaxy
Galaxy containing the Solar System
the galaxy. Dark regions within the band, such as the Great Rift and the Coalsack, are areas where interstellar dust blocks light from distant stars
Milky_Way
Super star cluster in the Milky Way Galaxy
for the Wolf-Rayet stars. At X-ray wavelengths, Wd1 shows diffuse emission from interstellar gas and point emission from both high-mass, post-Main Sequence
Westerlund_1
Natural physical entity in space
ice and dust, and an object in reference to the entire comet with its diffuse coma and tail. According to NASA astrophysicists, early astronomical objects
Astronomical_object
Subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies
of radio noise, the strange radio interference might be generated by interstellar gas and dust in the galaxy, in particular, by "thermal agitation of charged
Radio_astronomy
Barred spiral galaxy in the Local Group
in 2019 at 1.5×1012 M☉. In addition to stars, the Andromeda Galaxy's interstellar medium contains at least 7.2×109 M☉ in the form of neutral hydrogen,
Andromeda_Galaxy
Astronomical radio observatory
receivers to use the same spectral bands as ALMA. With this scheme the Nasmyth cabins will allocate receivers for the bands It is intended to install a bolometer
Large Latin American Millimeter Array
Large_Latin_American_Millimeter_Array
Rotational center of the Milky Way galaxy
the much wider central region, called the galactic bulge. Because of interstellar dust along the line of sight, the Galactic Center cannot be studied at
Galactic_Center
Blue hypergiant star
(1991). "The interstellar C-H stretching band near 3.4 microns - Constraints on the composition of organic material in the diffuse interstellar medium". The
Cygnus_OB2-12
Regions of enhanced brightness in spiral galaxies
brightness, spiral arms are characterised by an increased concentration of interstellar gas and dust, bright stars and star clusters, active starburst, a bluer
Spiral_arm
Astronomical instrument
telescope. The CMB signal is measured by the 143 and 217 GHz detectors while interstellar dust emission and atmospheric emission are monitored with the 353 (polarized)
Archeops
Analytical method
quite small. (NIR absorption bands are typically 10–100 times weaker than the corresponding fundamental mid-IR absorption band.) The lower absorption allows
Near-infrared_spectroscopy
Fifth planet from the Sun
believed to consist of an outer mantle of fluid metallic hydrogen and a diffuse inner core of denser material. The ongoing contraction of Jupiter's interior
Jupiter
Small particles in the air and settling onto surfaces
cover almost the entire planet. Interstellar dust is found between the stars, and high concentrations produce diffuse nebulae and reflection nebulae.
Dust
Red supergiant star in the constellation Orion
Belt – this runaway star has been observed to be moving through the interstellar medium at a speed of 30 km/s, creating a bow shock over four light-years
Betelgeuse
Seventh planet from the Sun
of entering orbit, flying by Uranus in March 2045 before heading to interstellar space. China also has plans for a potential Tianwen-5 that may orbit
Uranus
Device for producing coherent EM waves in the sub-visible spectrum
Maser-like stimulated emission has also been observed in nature from interstellar space, and it is frequently called "superradiant emission" to distinguish
Maser
Galaxy in the constellation Canes Venatici
color and likely originated from the Whirlpool Galaxy itself due to having diffuse gas. Adjacent to it are two other plumes that have a slightly bluer color
Whirlpool_Galaxy
10 parsecs, or 32.6 light-years. accretion disk A roughly circular mass of diffuse material in orbit around a central object, such as a star or black hole
Glossary_of_astronomy
High-energy particle, mainly originating outside the Solar System
Observatory, which has produced a map showing a narrow band of gamma ray intensity produced in discrete and diffuse sources in our galaxy, and numerous point-like
Cosmic_ray
Astronomical observatory satellite
large-scale studies of stellar winds, accurate measurements of the way interstellar dust absorbs light, and measurements of the supernova SN 1987A which
International Ultraviolet Explorer
International_Ultraviolet_Explorer
Star at the centre of the Solar System
System is surrounded by the Local Interstellar Cloud, although it is not clear if it is embedded in the Local Interstellar Cloud or if it lies just outside
Sun
Observatory
investigation) physical conditions in the diffuse interstellar medium supernova remnants and the interstellar medium radio emission of radio galaxies and
Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory
Pushchino_Radio_Astronomy_Observatory
Largest known Oort cloud comet
Dark Energy Survey in October 2017 Comet Bernardinelli–Bernstein with a diffuse coma, imaged by Las Cumbres Observatory on 22 June 2021 Cometary activity
C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
C/2014_UN271_(Bernardinelli–Bernstein)
Concert hall in South Kensington, London, England
of the Rings trilogy, Gladiator, Star Trek, Star Trek Into Darkness, Interstellar, The Matrix, West Side Story, Breakfast at Tiffany's, Matilda, Back to
Royal_Albert_Hall
1987 supernova event in the constellation Dorado
Tenorio-Tagle; Mariano Moles; Jorge Melnick (eds.). Structure and Dynamics of the Interstellar medium. Lecture Notes in Physics. Vol. 350. Springer-Verlag. pp. 164–179
SN_1987A
Gaseous phase of water
it is a greenhouse gas. Whenever a water molecule leaves a surface and diffuses into a surrounding gas, it is said to have evaporated. Each individual
Water_vapor
Quasar in the constellation of Pegasus
flaring activity, it also had weak intensity fluctuations resulting from interstellar scintillation in daily averages of 2695 and 8086 MHz. The X-ray flux
PKS_2145+067
Branch of astronomy that uses X-ray observation
Local Interstellar Cloud, a denser region in the low-density Local Bubble. To measure the spectrum of the diffuse X-ray emission from the interstellar medium
X-ray_astronomy
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DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
Biblical
He will enlighten or diffuse light;
Biblical
my light; who diffuses light;Jehovah enlightens, arouses or who diffuses light;
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Diffuser; Spreader; Publisher
Boy/Male
Biblical American
My light, who diffuses light.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English dufhus ‘dovecote’, applied as a topographic name or as a metonymic occupational name for a dove keeper.Scottish : habitational name from a place in Moray called Duffus.
Surname or Lastname
English (Dorset)
English (Dorset) : unexplained.See Diffee.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Girl/Female
Indian
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Surname or Lastname
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoops and bands, etc., from Middle English band, bond, Middle High German, Middle Low German bant, German Band denoting something used for tying or binding: ‘hoop’, ‘metal band’, ‘fetter’, ‘shackle’.Old spelling of the Dutch cognates Bant, Bande, from Middle Dutch bant ‘band’.
Girl/Female
Indian
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Girl/Female
Muslim
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Publisher Diffuser; Spreader
Girl/Female
Indian
Helper, Publisher, Diffuser, Spreader, Protector
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from Anglo-Norman French brabançon. This was originally an ethnic term for a native of the duchy of Brabant (see Brabant). By the 13th century it had passed into generic use as an occupational name for a mercenary, specifically a member of one of the more or less independent marauding bands of mercenaries, noted for their lawlessness and cruelty. These originated in Brabant and Flanders, but in the course of time accepted recruits from anywhere.
Boy/Male
Australian, Biblical, Christian, Hebrew
Light; Who Diffuses Light; Whom God Enlightens
Boy/Male
American, Australian, Biblical, Chinese, Christian
Light; Who Diffuses Light; Whom God Enlightens
Boy/Male
Biblical Hebrew
My light, who diffuses light.
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-BANDS
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