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Technique for defeating password protection using lists of likely possibilities
In cryptanalysis and computer security, a dictionary attack is an attack using a restricted subset of a keyspace to defeat a cipher or authentication mechanism
Dictionary_attack
Topics referred to by the same term
up attack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Attack may refer to: Attack (fencing) Charge (warfare) Offensive (military) Strike (attack) The Attack (novel)
Attack
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
short passwords, but for longer passwords other methods such as the dictionary attack are used because a brute-force search takes too long. Longer passwords
Brute-force_attack
Malicious Spamming technique
brute force. The attack is usually carried out by way of a standard dictionary attack, where valid e-mail addresses are found by brute force guessing valid
Directory_harvest_attack
Password cracking software tool
open-source software portal Brute-force search Brute-force attack Crack (password software) Dictionary attack "john-users – Re: When was John created?". Archived
John_the_Ripper
Authentication protocol to validate users
information associated with the PPP session. The attacker can then mount an offline dictionary attack in order to obtain the original password. When used
Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
Challenge-Handshake_Authentication_Protocol
Topics referred to by the same term
system Dictionary (data structure), an abstract data type for a set of pairs Dictionary (software), an app in Mac OS X v10.4 and later Dictionary attack, a
Dictionary_(disambiguation)
Single-volume dictionary, first published in 1998
The Oxford Dictionary of English (ODE) is a single-volume English dictionary published by Oxford University Press, first published in 1998 as The New
Oxford_Dictionary_of_English
2008 computer worm
uses flaws in Windows OS software (MS08-067 / CVE-2008-4250) and dictionary attacks on administrator passwords to propagate while forming a botnet, and
Conficker
Sequence of words used to gain access
force attacks entirely impractical. Second, if well chosen, they will not be found in any phrase or quote dictionary, so such dictionary attacks will be
Passphrase
Dictionary developed by Noah Webster and other dictionaries using his name
Jeffersonian Republicans, attacked the man, labeling him mad for such an undertaking. Scholars have long seen Webster's 1844 dictionary to be an important resource
Webster's_Dictionary
Password cracking software
Hydra works by using different approaches, such as brute-force attacks and dictionary attacks, in order to guess the right username and password combination
Hydra_(software)
Classification of military personnel casualties
have fired their weapons, but only to have been killed due to a hostile attack. KIAs include those killed by friendly fire during combat, but not from
Killed_in_action
Unix password-cracking program
vulnerable to a dictionary attack. Crack was the first standalone password cracker for Unix systems and the first to introduce programmable dictionary generation
Crack_(password_software)
Password recovery software
password hashes by using methods such as dictionary attacks, brute force and cryptanalysis attacks. Cryptanalysis attacks were done via rainbow tables which
Cain_and_Abel_(software)
Augmented password-authenticated key exchange protocol
information to be able to brute-force guess a password or apply a dictionary attack without further interactions with the parties for each guess. Furthermore
Secure Remote Password protocol
Secure_Remote_Password_protocol
Text used for user authentication to prove identity
attack. A related method, rather more efficient in most cases, is a dictionary attack. In a dictionary attack, all words in one or more dictionaries are
Password
Recovering passwords stored by computer systems
taken up by script kiddies. Brute-force attack Cold boot attack Dictionary attack Password strength Smudge attack "hashcat - advanced password recovery"
Password_cracking
Type of cyber-attack
In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack /dɒs/ doss) is a cyberattack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource
Denial-of-service_attack
Intrusion prevention software framework
malicious connections, as well as reducing the likelihood of a successful dictionary attack. Fail2Ban can perform multiple actions whenever an abusive IP address
Fail2ban
Open-source password recovery tool
multiple attack modes for obtaining effective and complex coverage over a hash's keyspace. These modes are: Brute-force attack Combinator attack Dictionary attack
Hashcat
Cryptographic protocol
password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) protocol that is secure against off-line dictionary attacks. A ZKPP prevents any party from verifying guesses for the password
Zero-knowledge_password_proof
Violent tactic resulting in the attacker's intentional death
suicide attack as "an attack in which an attacker kills himself or herself to kill others". However, the Collins dictionary describes a suicide attack as "a
Suicide_attack
Minesweeper of the United States Navy
text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here. Pearl Harbor Attack: USS Rail (AM-26) Action Report
USS_Rail_(AM-26)
1941 Japanese attack on the US
The Empire of Japan launched a surprise military attack on the US Pacific Fleet at its naval base at Pearl Harbor in Oahu, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941
Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor
or "Points-of-interest" in a grid or background image, a graphical dictionary attack can be initiated to guess users' passwords . Other factors such as
Draw_a_Secret
Anxiety disorder
their home on their own. Being in these situations may result in a panic attack. Those affected will go to great lengths to avoid these situations. In severe
Agoraphobia
Man-in-the-middle attack Man-on-the-side attack Meet-in-the-middle attack Length extension attack Replay attack Pre-play attack Dictionary attack Biclique attack Denial-of-service
List of cybersecurity information technologies
List_of_cybersecurity_information_technologies
Software suite
because some implementations of WEP derive the key from a password, dictionary attacks are easier than pure brute force. In May 2001, William A. Arbaugh
Aircrack-ng
ITU-T recommendation
e., remains unrevealed) to an eavesdropper preventing an off-line dictionary attack. The protocol can be used in a wide variety of applications including
X.1035
Type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher
and 33.5% of characters, too few to read. Bauer and Gottloeb used a dictionary attack that lists every combination of valid words consistent with a ciphertext;
Running_key_cipher
Legendary creature in folklore of the Americas
prey on livestock, particularly goats, although reports also attribute attacks to sheep, chickens and other domesticated animals. According to accounts
Chupacabra
Mahan-class destroyer
during the attack on Pearl Harbor. The spectacular explosion of her forward magazine provided one of the most iconic photographs of the attack. She was
USS_Shaw_(DD-373)
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
Cryptosystem Cold boot attack Cryptographic primitive Cryptography standards Cyberspace Electronic Security Act (US) Dictionary attack Disk encryption Encrypted
Encryption
Persecution, the Allied invasion of western New Guinea. Desecrate One involved attacks by the aircraft carriers USS Enterprise (CV-6), USS Bunker Hill (CV-17)
Operation_Desecrate_One
August 2019. "Cisco LEAP dictionary password guessing". ISS. Retrieved 2008-03-03. "Cisco Security Notice: Dictionary Attack on Cisco LEAP Vulnerability"
Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol
Lightweight_Extensible_Authentication_Protocol
MacOS password cracker
supports both dictionary and incremental attacks. A dictionary attack will scan through a number of pre-defined wordlists while an incremental attack will count
DaveGrohl
Computer security attack via dial-up modems
force attack against an authentication mechanism, such as a password. While a dictionary attack might involve trying each word in a dictionary as the
Wardialing
Dog breed
attack poodles" to bring him or her into line. The term was further popularised by the American culture critic James Wolcott in his 2004 book, Attack
Poodle
Form of cyberattack
commonly unchanged. Even when altered, many are guessed quickly through dictionary attacks, since most consumer grade routers don't introduce timing penalties
Pharming
Species of mammal
typically attacks by charging and pointing its tusks towards the intended victim, with most injuries occurring on the thigh region. Once the initial attack is
Wild_boar
Bitmap image file format family
Collegiate Dictionary and Oxford Dictionaries cite both pronunciations, but place the hard g first: /ɡɪf, dʒɪf/. The New Oxford American Dictionary gave only
GIF
Covert operation designed to deceive
before commencing an attack. The term today extends to include countries that organize attacks on themselves and make the attacks appear to be by enemy
False_flag
perform a trivial dictionary attack to find ownership of resources, [2] someone with a URI can perform a trivial dictionary attack to find an email address
MicroID
Satirical book by Gustave Flaubert
The Dictionary of Received Ideas (or Dictionary of Accepted Ideas; in French, Le Dictionnaire des idées reçues) is a short satirical work collected and
Dictionary_of_Received_Ideas
Mahan-class destroyer
the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor 7 December 1941, Downes was in drydock with Cassin and Pennsylvania. The three came under heavy attack and a 250 Kg
USS_Downes_(DD-375)
Topics referred to by the same term
which total internal reflection occurs Critical angle of attack, in aerodynamics; the angle of attack which produces the maximum lift coefficient Critical
Critical_angle
Species of canine native to North America
maintaining the cat colony. Coyotes usually attack smaller-sized dogs, but they have been known to attack even large, powerful breeds such as the Rottweiler
Coyote
Military unit (US Navy Attack Squadron)
VA-44, nicknamed the Hornets, was an Attack Squadron of the US Navy. The squadron was established as Fighter Squadron VF-44 on 1 September 1950, and redesignated
Second_VA-44_(U.S._Navy)
1975 political campaign by Mao Zedong against Deng Xiaoping
Communist Party Guo Jian; Song, Yongyi; Zhou, Yuan (2015). Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 74. v t e
Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend
Counterattack_the_Right-Deviationist_Reversal-of-Verdicts_Trend
King of Wessex (871 – c. 886); King of the Anglo-Saxons (c. 886 – 899)
Wessex became allies, which was important in the resistance to Viking attacks. In 853, King Burgred of Mercia requested West Saxon help to suppress a
Alfred_the_Great
King of the English from 1042 to 1066
Mercia, but Harold then launched a surprise attack on Gruffydd. He escaped, but when Harold and Tostig attacked again the following year, he retreated and
Edward_the_Confessor
English physician and lexicographer (1560 – c. 1624)
between 1594 and 1599, he compiled two manuscript dictionaries of Russian: a Russian-English dictionary of 7,203 entries entitled A dictionarie of the vulgar
Mark_Ridley_(physician)
2003 film by Guy Jenkin
The Sleeping Dictionary is a 2003 British-American romantic drama film written and directed by Guy Jenkin and starring Hugh Dancy, Jessica Alba, Brenda
The_Sleeping_Dictionary
Hoax in Australian folklore
described as unusually large and vicious marsupials that inhabit treetops and attack unsuspecting people (or other prey) that walk beneath them by dropping onto
Drop_bear
threshold. If there have been too many invalid attempts it assumes a dictionary attack is occurring and prevents the IP address from making any further attempts
DenyHosts
Submarine designed to destroy other ships
An attack submarine or hunter-killer submarine is a submarine specifically designed for the purpose of attacking and sinking other submarines, surface
Attack_submarine
Military unit
was a long-lived Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was established as Composite Squadron VC-35 on 25 May 1950, redesignated Attack Squadron (All Weather)
VA-122_(U.S._Navy)
attacks, see Fatal dog attacks. See: List of fatal dog attacks in Canada See: Fatal dog attacks in the United States See: List of fatal dog attacks in
List_of_fatal_dog_attacks
Attack model for cryptanalysis with access to both plaintext and ciphertext
The known-plaintext attack (KPA) is an attack model for cryptanalysis where the attacker has access to both the plaintext (called a crib) and its encrypted
Known-plaintext_attack
Nursery rhyme from England
have raised the possibility that the attack never took place. However, the original document detailing the attack was written only about 100 years after
London_Bridge_Is_Falling_Down
Violent attacks caused by non-human animals against humans
Animal attacks are violent attacks caused by non-human animals against humans, one of the most common being bites. These attacks are a cause of human
Animal_attack
Brief fault in a computer system
June 30, 2017. "Dictionary.com". Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 15, 2012. "Online Etymology Dictionary". Archived from
Glitch
Type of authentication protocol
an eavesdropper to deduce what the password is, using a dictionary attack or brute-force attack. The use of information which is randomly generated on
Challenge–response authentication
Challenge–response_authentication
Military unit
VA-214, nicknamed the Volunteers, was a short-lived attack squadron of the United States Navy. It was the second squadron to bear the VA-214 designation
Second_VA-214_(U.S._Navy)
Encryption method
up her search for passwords by a factor of almost 1000. For this dictionary attack to succeed, Mallory also needs an ability to distinguish successful
Authenticated_encryption
Farragut-class destroyer
severe dive bombing and machine gun attacks near the entrance. Machine-gun fire from the ship served to keep the attackers from approaching too closely, although
USS_Dale_(DD-353)
Topics referred to by the same term
surprise attack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Surprise Attack may refer to: Surprise attack, an act of military deception Surprise Attack (album)
Surprise_Attack
Model concept in transmission of infectious disease
Attack rate, the proportion of an at-risk population that contracts the disease during a specified time interval. Miquel Porta (2014), A Dictionary of
Secondary_attack_rate
and afterwards employed by him to engage Tigranes, king of Armenia, to attack Cappadocia, and expel Ariobarzanes I, whom the Romans made king of that
Gordius_of_Cappadocia
Single-use value in secure communications
unique, and therefore that old communications cannot be reused in replay attacks. Nonces can also be useful as initialization vectors and in cryptographic
Cryptographic_nonce
(20 June 1997). "Extended password key exchange protocols immune to dictionary attack". Proceedings of IEEE 6th Workshop on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure
SPEKE
Military unit
VA-64 was an Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was established on 1 July 1961, and disestablished on 7 November 1969. The squadron was known as the
Second_VA-64_(U.S._Navy)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up shark attack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A shark attack is a biting incident involving a shark. Shark Attack (or Shark Bite) may also refer
Shark_Attack_(disambiguation)
Military unit
VA-85 was a short-lived Attack Squadron of the United States Navy. It was established on 15 September 1948 and disestablished on 29 November 1949. The
VA-85_(U.S._Navy)
Book by Milorad Pavić
Dictionary of the Khazars: A Lexicon Novel (Serbian Cyrillic: Хазарски речник, Hazarski rečnik) is the debut novel by Serbian writer Milorad Pavić, published
Dictionary_of_the_Khazars
Offensive action in fencing
Wiktionary, the free dictionary. In fencing, a riposte (French for "retort") is an offensive action made right after parrying an attack with the intent of
Riposte
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Krack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Krack or KRACK may refer to: KRACK, an attack on the Wi-Fi Protected Access protocol Krack (film), an
Krack
Topics referred to by the same term
free dictionary. 911, 9/11 or Nine Eleven may refer to: AD 911 911 BC September 11 (9/11 in the month/day date format) The 2001 September 11 attacks on
911
Password cracking dataset
the same as inverting the hash function. Though brute-force attacks (e.g. dictionary attacks) may be used to try to invert a hash function, they can become
Rainbow_table
Software environment vulnerable to attack
An Attack Surface Metric (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-02-22. Retrieved 2013-10-30. "attack surface". Oxford English Dictionary (online ed
Attack_surface
Rupture of an internal organ
Abdominal apoplexy Transient ischemic attack Stöppler, Melissa Conrad (February 7, 2011). "apoplexy". Oxford English Dictionary (definition of) (OED online ed
Apoplexy
Altair-class destroyer tender
armament and superstructure and was slightly damaged during the Japanese attack. Her crew, unable to fire, immediately turned their skills to rescue and
USS_Rigel_(AD-13)
Military unit or personnel that protects the rear of the main force
rearguard or rear security is a part of a military force that protects it from attack from the rear, either during an advance or withdrawal. The term can also
Rearguard
frigate of 40 guns, named Ciotat, had warned the Algerines of the coming attack. However, there was no vessel by that name in the French Navy between 1786
Bombardment of Algiers (1816) order of battle
Bombardment_of_Algiers_(1816)_order_of_battle
Military unit
Attack Squadron 155 or VA-155 was an 'Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy. It was established as Reserve Attack Squadron VA-71E in 1946, redesignated as VA-58A
Second_VA-155_(U.S._Navy)
Historic terminal train station in Mumbai, India
Hospital; the other terrorist was killed during the exchange of gunfire. The attack began around 21:30 when the two men entered the passenger hall and opened
Chhatrapati_Shivaji_Terminus
American businessman (1861–1934)
and suffered severe losses in the Great Depression, and died of a heart attack in New York in 1934. Edward W. Backus is the namesake of the city of Backus
Edward_Wellington_Backus
Different glyphs which are visually similar
support@аdobe.com which uses Cyrillic ⟨а⟩. This is known as an IDN homograph attack. In many typefaces, the Greek letter ⟨Α⟩, the Cyrillic letter ⟨А⟩ and the
Homoglyph
Attack transport ship sunk at Bikini atoll
named for Gilliam County in Oregon, was the lead ship in her class of attack transports serving in the United States Navy during World War II. Gilliam
USS_Gilliam
Highly confrontational type of psychotherapy
"Synanon game verbal attack therapy" to standard group therapy, in a study published in the Journal of Community Psychology. In Dictionary of American Penology
Attack_therapy
son named Ronald Edward David Sassoon (1895–1924), who died of a heart attack while visiting the Bagdad office of David Sassoon & Co. Frederick David
Frederick_David_Sassoon
Military unit
VA-54 was an early and long-lived Attack Squadron of the U.S. Navy, operating under many designations during its 20-year life. It was established as Scouting
VA-54_(U.S._Navy)
Network protocol(CRAM)
can be used.[citation needed] Threat of reversibility: an offline dictionary attack to recover the password is feasible after capturing a successful CRAM-MD5
CRAM-MD5
Battle fought during the American Civil War
the defenses of Corpus Christi, Union commanders felt it was now time to attack the Confederates defending the town. Knowing that Breaker was gone, Confederates
Battle_of_Corpus_Christi
"Encrypted Key Exchange: Password-Based Protocols Secure Against Dictionary Attacks" (PDF). Proceedings of the I.E.E.E. Symposium on Research in Security
Encrypted_key_exchange
Frigate of the Royal Navy
British frigates HMS Affleck (K462) and HMS Gould (K476) in a depth-charge attack that sank the German submarine U-91 in the North Atlantic Ocean at position
HMS_Gore
Occurrences. In late December 1705, Lloyd and Pue jointly published a satirical attack on Protestant dissent by Jonathan Swift called A tale of a tub. They also
Richard_Pue
1478 conspiracy against the city of Lucerne
Egloff, Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. "Amstalden, affaire" in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. D
Amstalden_affair
Military unit
Jan 1957 List of squadrons in the Dictionary of American Naval Aviation Squadrons Second VA-125 (U.S. Navy) Attack aircraft List of inactive United States
VA-125_(U.S._Navy)
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DICTIONARY ATTACK
DICTIONARY ATTACK
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DICTIONARY ATTACK
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