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Turkic nomadic people
Cumans or Kumans were a Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language
Cumans
Turkic confederation (10th century – 1241)
The name Cumania originated as the Latin exonym for the Cuman–Kipchak confederation, which was a tribal confederation in the western part of the Eurasian
Cumania
Extinct West Kipchak Turkic language
Cuman or Kuman (also called Kipchak, Qypchaq or Polovtsian, self referred to as Tatar (tatar til) in Codex Cumanicus) was a West Kipchak Turkic language
Cuman_language
The Cuman laws were two provisions, issued on 23 June 1279 and 5 or 10 August 1279, regulating the social status and lifestyle of the Cumans, a nomadic
Cuman_laws
Queen consort of Hungary (1244–1290)
Elizabeth the Cuman (1244–1290) was the queen consort of Stephen V of Hungary. She was regent of Hungary during the minority of her son from 1272 to 1277
Elizabeth_the_Cuman
The judge of the Cumans (Hungarian: kunok bírája or kunbíró; Latin: iudex Cumanorum) was a short-lived legal office, then an ex officio title in the Hungarian
Judge_of_the_Cumans
Species of flowering plant in the daisy family
Ambrosia psilostachya is a species of ragweed known by the common names Cuman ragweed and perennial ragweed, and western ragweed. The plant is widespread
Ambrosia_psilostachya
Historical Cuman region of central Hungary
Cumania), later also known as Jászkunság or Jászkun kerület (lit. "Jassic–Cuman District"), is a historical, ethnographic and geographical region in Hungary
Kunság
Series of wars circa 1054–1223
Rus'–Cuman Wars was a series of military conflicts that lasted for approximately half a century between Kievian Rus' and Polovtsian tribes. They were
Rus'–Cuman_wars
Cuman khan (fl. 1205–1241)
romanized: Kotyan; Hungarian: Kötöny; Arabic: Kutan; fl. 1205–1241) was a Cuman–Kipchak chieftain (khan) and military commander active in the mid-13th century
Köten
The Cumans, also known as "Polovtsians", were a Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation. Their homeland
List of people of Cuman descent
List_of_people_of_Cuman_descent
King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290
Ladislaus the Cuman, was King of Hungary and Croatia from 1272 to 1290. His mother, Elizabeth, was the daughter of a chieftain from the pagan Cumans who had
Ladislaus_IV_of_Hungary
Turkic nomadic people in Eurasia
Kimek–Kipchak confederation and later as part of a confederation with the Cumans. There were groups of Kipchaks in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, China, Syr
Kipchaks
Sub-branch of the Turkic language family
(languages in bold are still spoken today): Kipchaks Kipchaks in Georgia Cuman people Cuman language Cumania Kalpak Encyclopedia of Bashkortostan. Махмутова Л
Kipchak_languages
1223 battle where the Mongols fought against Rus' princes and Cumans
several Rus' principalities, including Kiev and Galicia-Volhynia, and the Cumans under Köten. They were under the joint command of Mstislav the Bold and
Battle_of_the_Kalka_River
Polovtsian khan (died 1187)
some arguments, Köten and Somogur were his sons, and he changed the old Cuman system of government whereby rulership went to the most senior tribal leader;
Könchek_(Cuman)
Wallachian noble family of Cuman or Kipchak origin
suggesting either a Vlach, or Cuman background. However, there is no scholarly consensus on their actual origin. The Cuman hypothesis is largely based on
House_of_Basarab
Priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Cumae
The Cumaean Sibyl (/kjuːˈmiːən/ kew-MEE-ən; Latin: Sibylla Cumana) was the priestess presiding over the Apollonian oracle at Cumae, a Greek colony near
Cumaean_Sibyl
The Cuman raid on Poland in 1101 was a plundering expedition of nomads living in the Pontic steppes, known by the Slavs as the Polovtsians. The Cumans crossed
Cuman_raid_on_Poland_(1101)
Turkic people
that Manavs descend from Cumans and Kipchaks who settled in the Byzantine Empire. It's commonly believed that a group of Cuman-Kipchaks who headed to the
Manavs
Empress consort of Bulgaria
known in Bulgarian historiography as Kumankata (Bulgarian: Куманката, "the Cuman [woman]") (fl. 1207), was the Empress consort of Bulgaria by marriage to
Kumankata
King of Hungary from 1077 to 1095
decade. Ladislaus's most popular legend, which narrates his fight with a "Cuman" (a Turkic nomad marauder) who abducted a Hungarian girl, is connected to
Ladislaus_I_of_Hungary
Latin-rite bishopric west of the Siret River 1228
The lands incorporated into the diocese had been dominated by the nomadic Cumans since about 1100. Catholic missions began after Andrew II of Hungary granted
Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania
Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Cumania
Cuman-Kipchak tribe
Terter or Terteroba (Bulgarian and Russian: Тертер-оба, Тертровичи) was a Cuman–Kipchak tribe or clan that took refuge in Hungary and then Bulgaria in the
Terteroba
1091 battle of the Komnenian Restoration
combined forces of the Byzantine Empire under Alexios I Komnenos and his Cuman allies. On August 26, 1071, a Byzantine army under Romanos IV Diogenes was
Battle_of_Levounion
King of Hungary from 1270 to 1272
Still a child, Stephen married Elizabeth, a daughter of a chieftain of the Cumans whom his father settled in the Great Hungarian Plain. King Béla IV appointed
Stephen_V_of_Hungary
Continent
Huns, Franks, Angles, Saxons, Slavs, Avars, Bulgars, Vikings, Pechenegs, Cumans, and Magyars. Renaissance thinkers such as Petrarch would later refer to
Europe
Cuman khan
"one of the most prominent Cuman chieftains" in the late 11th century and the early 12th century. He headed a powerful Cuman tribe or clan that inhabited
Boniak
1107 battle between Kievan Rus' and Cumans
the Cuman raids. Cuman chieftain Boniak continued his attacks on the Pereyaslav principality, leading up to another major confrontation between Cumans and
Battle_of_the_Sula_river
Turkic ethnic groups in Eurasia
in the narrow sense Volga Tatars Astrakhan Tatars Lipka Tatars Kipchak–Cuman branch Crimean Tatars Karachays and Balkars: Mountain Tatars Kumyks: Daghestan
Tatars
Nomadic peoples in the Georgian kingdom
The Cumans-Kipchaks in Georgia are of an ancient nomadic Turkic people who inhabited large territories from Central Asia to Eastern Europe. The Cuman-Kipchak
Kipchaks_in_Georgia
King of Hungary and Croatia from 1235 to 1270
supported Christian missions among the pagan Cumans who dwelled in the plains to the east of his province. Some Cuman chieftains acknowledged his suzerainty
Béla_IV_of_Hungary
Dog breed
derives from *Koman-dor, meaning "Cuman dog". The breed descends from Tibetan dogs and came from Asia with the Cumans, whose homeland might have been near
Komondor
Defunct Irish political party
Cumann na nGaedheal (Irish pronunciation: [ˈkʊmˠən̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈŋeːl̪ˠ]; lit. 'Society of the Gaels') was a political party in the Irish Free State, which formed
Cumann_na_nGaedheal
Irish republican women's paramilitary organisation
Cumann na mBan (Irish pronunciation: [ˈkʊmˠən̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈmˠanˠ]; lit. 'The Women's Council' but in English termed The Irishwomen's Council), abbreviated C
Cumann_na_mBan
Bulgarian victory over the Latin Empire
Adrianople occurred around Adrianople on April 14, 1205, between Bulgarians, Cumans and Vlachs under the command of Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, and Crusaders
Battle_of_Adrianople_(1205)
Country in Eastern Europe and North Asia
who created a large confederacy, which was subsequently taken over by the Cumans and the Kipchaks. The ancestors of Russians are among the Slavic tribes
Russia
St Peter's GAA (Irish: Cumann Pheadair Naofa) is a Gaelic Athletic Association club in Warrenpoint, County Down, Northern Ireland. Gaelic games in Warrenpoint
Warrenpoint_GAA
Italian prelate
activity between 1279 and 1281 – mostly regarding the persecution of the Cumans – significantly interfered in Hungarian domestic politics and, contrary
Philip_III_(bishop_of_Fermo)
Battle in 1068 in present-day Ukraine
The Battle of Alta River was a 1068 clash on the Alta River between Cuman army on the one hand and Kievan Rus' forces of Grand Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev
Battle_of_the_Alta_River
Hzak (Hza, Kzak) - the Cumans Khan, the head of the Cumans Of Don river (the Burchevichs), a son of the Beglyuk (Belyuk) Khan. In chronicles he is called
Hzak
Aspect of Romanian history
consolidation of Wallachia, waves of nomadic peoples – the last of them being the Cumans and the Mongols – rode across the territory. The territory became a frontier
Founding_of_Wallachia
1068 battle
battle in 1068 near Chernigov. According to the results of the battle, the Cumans who invaded the territory of Kievan Rus' were forced to retreat. In the
Battle_of_Snovsk
Emperor of Bulgaria from 1187/1188 to 1196
(Peter) and Kaloyan, as Vlachs but they were most likely of mixed Bulgarian, Cuman and Vlach ancestry. In 1185, Asen and Theodor went to see the Byzantine
Ivan_Asen_I
Kind of greeting
"ƿil cuman," (Old English pronunciation: [/ˈwilˌku.man/]) an Old English welcome phrase, which was used over a thousand years ago and evolved into the
Welcome
Battle in 1282 in Hungary
(Hungarian: Hód-tavi csata) was fought between the Kingdom of Hungary and the Cumans in September or October 1282. King Ladislaus IV of Hungary successfully
Battle_of_Lake_Hód
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
targeted the Pechenegs and decisively defeated them in 1091 with help from the Cumans, who were in turn defeated three years later. Finally, looking to recover
Byzantine_Empire
Queen of Naples from 1285 to 1309
Charles II. She was the daughter of Stephen V of Hungary and Elizabeth the Cuman. Mary served as regent in Provence in 1290–1294 and in Naples in 1295–1296
Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples
Mary_of_Hungary,_Queen_of_Naples
Emperor of Bulgaria from 1185 to 1197
contemporaneous sources but they were probably of a mixed Vlach, Bulgarian, and Cuman origin. In 1185, Theodor and Asen approached the Byzantine Emperor Isaac
Peter_II_of_Bulgaria
Prince of Chernigov
After Igor's defeat, the Cumans raided the Principality of Pereyaslavl.[better source needed] Igor's defeat from the Cumans is the subject of the 13th
Igor_Svyatoslavich
Country in Eastern Europe and Central Asia
conquest of the region and its incorporation into the Mongol Empire. The Cumans entered the steppes of modern-day Kazakhstan around the early 11th century
Kazakhstan
Father of Basarab I of Wallachia and his possible predecessor
Olahus Nostris"). The Hungarian László Rásonyi derives the name from a Cuman and Tatar name, Toq-tämir ("hardened iron"), and refers to a Chingisid prince
Thocomerius
Bortz, also Boricius (Hungarian: Borc), was a Cuman chieftain in the 13th century. He voluntarily converted to Christianity in 1227, acknowledging the
Bortz_(chieftain)
Medieval Turkic language of the Mamluk Sultinate
period. The Mamluk-Kipchak language belongs to the Cuman-Kipchak group of Kipchak languages. Other Cuman-Kipchak languages include Kumyk, Karachai-Balkar
Mamluk-Kipchak_language
1093 battle between Kievan Rus' and Cumans
Vsevolodovich of Pereyaslavl against the nomadic Cumans. The Kievan forces were defeated. The Cumans raided Rus' soon after the death of Vsevolod and
Battle_of_the_Stuhna_River
Emperor of Bulgaria from 1218 to 1241
with Nicaea in 1237. After the Mongols invaded the Pontic steppes, several Cuman groups fled to Bulgaria. Ivan Asen's father, Ivan Asen I, was one of the
Ivan_Asen_II
Engagement between Pechenegs and Ouzes in 1068
Balkan Peninsula at the same time as the westward migration of the Ouzes and Cumans in the 1040s. The first recorded Pecheneg invasion of Transylvania occurred
Battle_of_Kerlés
Extinct Turkic people
argued that the language spoken by the Pechenegs was a variant of the Cuman and Oghuz idioms. He suggested that foreign influences on the Pechenegs
Pechenegs
Euphrosyne Yaroslavna. He was with his father during his campaign against the Cumans on 13 April 1185, immortalized in the epic The Tale of Igor's Campaign;
Vladimir_III_Igorevich
Emperor of Bulgaria from 1196 to 1207
Halych and Volhynia, invaded the Cumans' territories, forcing them to return to their homeland in 1201. After the Cuman's retreat, Kaloyan concluded a peace
Kaloyan_of_Bulgaria
extinct Cuman. The middle dialect, although thought to be of Kipchak-Cuman origin, combines elements of both Cuman and Oghuz languages. The Cuman language
Crimean_Tatar_dialects
1241 battle during the first Mongol invasion of Hungary
Cuman refugees (ca. 40,000 people) sought refuge in his kingdom after being crushed by the Mongols, it seemed that at least a portion of the Cumans had
Battle_of_Mohi
Prince of Chernigov
of Chernigov, and an unnamed daughter of Aepa, a Cuman prince. In 1108, Sviatoslav married a Cuman princess, daughter of Aepa son of Girgen, with whom
Sviatoslav_Olgovich
Historical Cuman region of central Hungary
Like other historical European regions called Cumania, it is named for the Cumans, a nomadic tribe of pagan Kipchaks that settled the area. Its territory
Nagykunság
Grand Prince of Kiev from 1132 to 1139
Monomakh and Gytha of Wessex. He fought in several campaigns against the Cumans, once in 1103 and again in 1116. After the death of his brother in 1132
Yaropolk_II_of_Kiev
1285–6 military campaign
1283 he settled among his Cuman subjects after abandoning his wife, and took Cuman women as his mistresses. The 1282 Cuman rebellion may have catalyzed
Second Mongol invasion of Hungary
Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary
1242–1502 Turkicized Mongol khanate
known as the Kipchak Khanate, and replaced the earlier, less organized Cuman–Kipchak confederation. It originally consisted of the lands bequeathed to
Golden_Horde
Grand Prince of Kiev from 1113 to 1125
large-scale campaigns into Polovtsian lands (Cumania), which made Polovtsians (Cumans) and their Khans fear him. He is considered a saint in the Eastern Orthodox
Vladimir_II_Monomakh
1303 manuscript of linguistic manual for Catholic missionaries
Middle Ages, designed to help Catholic missionaries communicate with the Cumans, a nomadic Turkic people. It is currently housed in the Library of St. Mark
Codex_Cumanicus
Early 12-century Cuman-Kipchak chieftain
Otrok (also Atrak) was an early twelfth-century Cuman-Kipchak chieftain (khan) who was involved in the wars with Kievan Rus', and later served under the
Otrok
First independent ruler of Wallachia (r. c. 1310–1351/52)
which can be recognized in Cuman names, such as Terteroba, Arslanapa and Ursoba. Basarab's name implies that he was of Cuman or Pecheneg ancestry, but
Basarab_I_of_Wallachia
Emperor of Bulgaria from 1207 to 1218
After Kaloyan died unexpectedly in October 1207, Boril married his widow, a Cuman princess and seized the throne. His cousin, Ivan Asen, fled from Bulgaria
Boril_of_Bulgaria
Dynasty in medieval Bulgaria, 1185–1280
Innocent III and Kaloyan. Cuman origin, as some of the names in the dynasty, including Asen and Belgun, are derived from the Cuman language, as well as the
Asen_dynasty
Queen consort of Hungary (1261–1303)
tribe, the Cumans; his mother Elizabeth was a member of the Cuman tribe. Ladislaus always wore Cuman dress and many of his friends were Cumans. Elisabeth
Elizabeth of Sicily, Queen of Hungary
Elizabeth_of_Sicily,_Queen_of_Hungary
Second-longest river in Europe
He proposes that the Romanian name is a loanword from a Turkic language (Cuman or Pecheneg). Classified as an international waterway, it originates in
Danube
Kievan–Cuman raid on Poland[citation needed] Kievan Rus' Cuman–Kipchak Confederation Kingdom of Poland Kievan–Cuman victory 1120 Kievan–Cuman raid on
List of wars involving Kievan Rus'
List_of_wars_involving_Kievan_Rus'
1223 battle between Volga Bulgaria and Mongol Empire
engage the Cumans but can make no headway due to their unfavorable position and they withdraw - the Mongols resort to bribing the Cumans with half of
Battle_of_Samara_Bend
Kipchak Turkic language
language belongs to the Kipchak-Cuman subfamily of the Kipchak family of the Turkic languages. It's a descendant of the Cuman language, with likely influence
Kumyk_language
Grand Prince of Kiev from 1078 to 1093
steppes. He also made peace with the Cumans who appeared for the first time in Europe in the same year. The Cumans invaded his principality in 1061 and
Vsevolod_I_of_Kiev
Rus' Kievan Rus' victory 1120—1125 Polish-Ruthenian war (1120—1125) Kievan-Cuman raid on Poland (1120) Battle of Wysokie (1122) Siege of Volodymyr (1123)
List of wars between Piast Poland and Kievan Rus'
List_of_wars_between_Piast_Poland_and_Kievan_Rus'
Daughter of the King of Naples (died 1342)
Hungary 21. Maria Laskarina 5. Mary of Hungary, Queen of Naples 22. Köten 11. Elizabeth the Cuman 1. Hélène of Anjou 6. Unknown 3. Unknown 7. Unknown
Hélène_of_Anjou
that Béla IV had given shelter to the Cumans when they fled the Mongol conquest of their land in 1239. After the Cuman leader, Köten, was assassinated by
Mongol invasion of Bulgaria and Serbia
Mongol_invasion_of_Bulgaria_and_Serbia
Serbian prince and monk
srpsko-hrvatsko-slovenac̆ka, Volume 3. Izdavac̆: Bibliografski zavod d.d. Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental military in the pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365. p. 110
Urošica
Duke of Nyitra (debated)
father, Taksony, took his wife "from the land of the Cumans". However, the lands dominated by the Cumans at Anonymus's time had been controlled by the Pechenegs
Michael_of_Hungary
Nomadic peoples
Avars Huns Xiongnu Early Middle Ages Turkic expansion, Magyar invasion; Cumans Bashkirs Burtas Bulgars Karluks Khazars Khitan Kimaks Kipchaks Magyars Uyghurs
Eurasian_nomads
Country in Southeast and Central Europe
followed them, and the nomadic Cumans became the dominant power of the steppes in the 1060s. Cooperation between the Cumans and the Vlachs against the Byzantine
Romania
1278 battle of the Great Interregnum
that attacked the enemy piecemeal. In the first phase of the battle, the Cuman horse archers in the Hungarian army outflanked and distracted the Bohemian
Battle_on_the_Marchfeld
members of the Roma minority throughout the country. Turkic languages – Cuman: once spoken in Cumania region in Hungary. It is a Kipchak language closely
Languages_of_Hungary
Historical semi-nomadic Turkic ethnic group
Constantinople, although most scholars believe that this is a reference to the Cumans-Kipchaks or other steppe peoples then dominant in the Pontic region. Upon
Khazars
Historical term for the Pontic Steppe
populated by various nomadic groups such as Scythians, Sarmatians, Alans, Huns, Cumans, Khazars, Bulgars, Pechenegs, Kipchaks, Turco-Mongols, Tatars and Nogais
Wild_Fields
Pan-Turkic auxiliary language with statistical vocabulary
Kipchak Bulgar Bashkir Tatar Mishar Tatar Nagaibak Old Tatar Cuman Armeno-Kipchak Crimean Tatar Cuman Karachay-Balkar Karaim Krymchak Kumyk Mamluk-Kipchak Urum
Ortatürk
King of Hungary from 1063 to 1074
following years, Solomon and his cousins jointly fought against the Czechs, the Cumans and other enemies of the kingdom. Their relationship deteriorated in the
Solomon,_King_of_Hungary
Kipchak dialects spoken by Mishar Tatars
linguists (Radlov, Samoylovich) think that Mishar belongs to the Kipchak-Cuman group of languages rather than to the Kipchak-Bulgar group. Especially the
Mishar_Tatar_dialect
Byzantine pretender
he escaped and took refuge among the Cumans. In 1095, he invaded the Byzantine Empire at the head of a Cuman host and advanced as far as Adrianople
Constantine Diogenes (pretender)
Constantine_Diogenes_(pretender)
Prince of Pereyaslavl
half brother of Vladimir Monomakh. He fought at Stuhna river against the Cumans and drowned while fleeing the battle. Russian: Ростислав Всеволодович; Ukrainian:
Rostislav_Vsevolodovich
Two successive capitals of the Golden Horde
lower Volga, that served successively as the effective capitals of the Cuman–Kipchak Confederation and later the Golden Horde, a Turco-Mongol khanate
Sarai_(city)
13th-century knight and diplomat
Latin Empire of Constantinople. He undertook important missions to the Cumans (1240) and the Mongols (1251–52). Baldwin was originally from the County
Baldwin_of_Hainaut
Topics referred to by the same term
C'mon a misspelling of Common the preterite plural form of Old English cuman ("to come") This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the
Comon
Hungarian breed of dog
from the Old Turkish word "Küvaz." Some associate this dog breed with the Cuman-Kipchaks. It is also thought that it may have been a breed introduced to
Kuvasz
Duke of Transylvania, Croatia, Dalmatia and Slavonia
of Anjou 18. Stephen V of Hungary 9. Mary of Hungary 19. Elizabeth the Cuman 2. Charles I of Hungary 20. Albert IV of Habsburg 10. Rudolf I of Germany
Stephen_of_Anjou
CUMAN
CUMAN
CUMAN
Boy/Male
Gaelic American Irish
Tide.
Girl/Female
Indian
Good at many things
Girl/Female
Tamil
A character in ramayana
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Mystery
Girl/Female
Welsh
Genuine, perfect, true. This name was first used in Wales in the mid-19th century.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
A Smile
Boy/Male
French
Red haired.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Pravasthi | பà¯à®°à®µà®¾à®¸à®¤à¯€
Boy/Male
African Egyptian
Ghanian name given to the first-born twin.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, French
Works in Iron
CUMAN
CUMAN
CUMAN
CUMAN
CUMAN