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Formalism for knowledge representation
A conceptual graph (CG) is a formalism for knowledge representation. In the first published paper on CGs, John F. Sowa used them to represent the conceptual
Conceptual_graph
Reasoning by means of visual representations
same formal base of graph-theoretic structures. A conceptual graph (CG) is a notation for logic based on the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce
Diagrammatic_reasoning
Framework for a family of logic languages
Logic Conceptual graph Knowledge Interchange Format (KIF) Knowledge representation languages Sowa, John F. "Conceptual graphs summary." Conceptual Structures:
Common_Logic
Vertices connected in pairs by edges
after graphs, and borrow many concepts from graph theory to perform spatial analysis on road networks or utility grids. Conceptual graph Graph (abstract
Graph_(discrete_mathematics)
Artificial intelligence researcher (born 1940)
artificial intelligence and computer design, and the inventor of conceptual graphs. Sowa received a BS in mathematics from Massachusetts Institute of
John_F._Sowa
Topics referred to by the same term
graph CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model Conceptual art Conceptual design Conceptual architecture Conceptual photography Post-conceptual Neo-conceptual
Conceptual
Topics referred to by the same term
Knowledge Graph (LKG), a knowledge base for LinkedIn Conceptual graph Graph database Knowledge base Knowledge engine (disambiguation) Social graph, such as
Knowledge_Graph
Theoretical framework
real world correspondence. In artificial intelligence, conceptual models and conceptual graphs are used for building expert systems and knowledge-based
Conceptual_model
Process of generalization
opposed to "action". For example, graph 1 below expresses the abstraction "agent sits on location". This conceptual scheme entails no specific hierarchical
Abstraction
Topics referred to by the same term
connections graph (Unix), Unix command-line utility Conceptual graph, a model for knowledge representation and reasoning Microsoft Graph, a Microsoft
Graph
Knowledge management software
knowledge elements can be structured and interrelated (as a tree, graph, tree plus graph, spatially, categorically, as n-ary links, chronologically, or ZigZag);
Personal_knowledge_base
Bivariegated graph Cage (graph theory) Cayley graph Circle graph Clique graph Cograph Common graph Complement of a graph Complete graph Cubic graph Cycle graph De
List_of_graph_theory_topics
Type of diagrammatic notation for propositional logic
application—the conceptual graphs introduced by John F. Sowa in 1976, which are used in computer science to represent knowledge. However, existential graphs are increasingly
Existential_graph
Type of knowledge base
knowledge graph is a knowledge base that uses a graph-structured data model or topology to represent and operate on data. Knowledge graphs are often used
Knowledge_graph
Decision support tool
symbols as it is easier for many to read and understand. Note there is a conceptual error in the "Proceed" calculation of the tree shown below; the error
Decision_tree
Psychoanalytic tool devised by Jacques Lacan
The graph of desire (French: graphe du désir) is a conceptual tool in Lacanianism. Lacan devised numerous quasi-mathematical diagrams to represent the
Graph_of_desire
High-level database design model
short descriptions of redirect targets Conceptual framework – Method of organizing information Conceptual graphs – Formalism for knowledge representationPages
Conceptual_schema
Problem-solving method
Consequence affecting an organism's future behavior Stimulus–response model – Conceptual framework in psychology Satisficing – Cognitive heuristic of searching
Heuristic
Knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network
semantic networks such as the existential graphs of Charles Sanders Peirce or the related conceptual graphs of John F. Sowa. These have expressive power
Semantic_network
Specification of a conceptualization
most established ontology visualization methods, namely indented tree and graph visualization are evaluated by Fu et al. A visual language for ontologies
Ontology (information science)
Ontology_(information_science)
Field of artificial intelligence
Chein, M., Mugnier, M.-L. (2009),Graph-based Knowledge Representation: Computational Foundations of Conceptual Graphs, Springer, 2009,ISBN 978-1-84800-285-2
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning
Triadic analysis-synthesis technique
Richmond, Gary (2005). "Outline of trikonic⊳*k: Diagrammatic Trichotomic". Conceptual Structures: Common Semantics for Sharing Knowledge. Lecture Notes in Computer
Trikonic
Computer program that uses a knowledge base and reasoning to solve problems
knowledge may be structured by means of a subsumption ontology, frames, conceptual graph, or logical assertions. The inference engine uses general-purpose reasoning
Knowledge-based_systems
Graphical breakdown for problem solving
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Issue_tree
Diagram showing relationships among concepts
A concept map or conceptual diagram is a diagram that depicts suggested relationships between concepts. Concept maps may be used by instructional designers
Concept_map
Mathematical framework for knowledge representation
of a graph and of the edges as functors connecting the ologs. If a simultaneous communication between more than two ologs is allowed then the graph becomes
Olog
Diagram to visually organize information
aid people's information organization and memory. In contrast, a modeling graph such as a UML diagram structures elements using a precise standardized iconography
Mind_map
Text with references (links) to other text that the reader can immediately access
ISBN 978-1-86508048-2. Engelbart, Douglas C (1962). "Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework". Doug Engelbart Institute. AFOSR-3233 Summary Report, SRI Project
Hypertext
Visual representation of the structure of an argument
a display for us. — Douglas Engelbart, "Augmenting human intellect: a conceptual framework" (1962) In the middle to late 1980s, hypertext software applications
Argument_map
considered as a combination of an RDF/OWL triple and its inverse, or as a conceptual graph style relation (Sowa, 1984). The next section elaborates more on the
DOGMA
Paradox concerning water on early Earth
This conceptual graph shows the relationship between solar radiation and the greenhouse effect—in this case dominated by modulations in carbon dioxide
Faint_young_Sun_paradox
Mental representation of the external world
representations or mental simulation generally. The concepts of schema and conceptual models are cognitively adjacent. Elsewhere, it is used to refer to the
Mental_model
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
ZigZag_(software)
Visual representation of data
imagery. The visual formats used in data visualization includes charts and graphs, geospatial maps, figures, correlation matrices, percentage gauges, etc
Data and information visualization
Data_and_information_visualization
Topics referred to by the same term
application of computer graphics to create or contribute to images in art Conceptual graph, a formalism for knowledge representation Conjugate gradient method
CG
Argumentation scheme
The basic structure of IBIS is a graph. It is therefore quite suitable to be manipulated by computer, as in a graph database. The elements of IBIS are:
Issue-based information system
Issue-based_information_system
mapping Conceptual graph Entity-relationship diagram Tag cloud, also known as word cloud Autocorrelation plot Bar chart Biplot Box plot Bullet graph Chernoff
List_of_graphical_methods
Exploration of possible solutions
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Morphological analysis (problem-solving)
Morphological_analysis_(problem-solving)
Knowledge organization system
of nodes, while RDF is limited to triplets.[citation needed] Knowledge graph Semantic interoperability Topincs – a commercial proprietary topic maps
Topic_map
Process to evaluate alternative hypotheses
Bayesian) community. The work by Akram and Wang applies paradigms from graph theory. Other work focuses less on probabilistic methods and more on cognitive
Analysis of competing hypotheses
Analysis_of_competing_hypotheses
Academic field
foundation of graph theory, a branch of mathematics that studies the properties of pairwise relations in a network structure. The field of graph theory continued
Network_science
System of communication using visual elements
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Visual_language
Method of organizing groups of related concepts
is a type of structured conceptualization used by groups to develop a conceptual framework, often to help guide evaluation and planning efforts. Group
Group_concept_mapping
Database using graph structures for queries
A graph database (GDB) is a database that uses graph structures for semantic queries with nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. A key
Graph_database
Formal language for describing data models
Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a method to describe and exchange graph data. It was originally designed as a data model for metadata by the World
Resource Description Framework
Resource_Description_Framework
Method of forming inferences
Chein; Marie-Laure Mugnier (2009). Graph-based knowledge representation: computational foundations of conceptual graphs. Springer. p. 297. ISBN 978-1-84800-285-2
Backward_chaining
Hypertext-based personal knowledge base system
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
NoteCards
Communication and graphic design
as keeping their audience engaged. Accessibility Cartography Charts and graphs Chief experience officer (CXO) Chunking Clarity Consistency Content management
Information_design
and quantity. Economic graphs are presented only in the first quadrant of the Cartesian plane when the variables conceptually can only take on non-negative
Economic_graph
paths (see below). It is used as a psychometric scaling method based on graph theory and used in the study of expertise, education, knowledge acquisition
Pathfinder_network
Abstract syntax representing expressions as graphs
semantic graph (ASG) or term graph is a form of abstract syntax in which an expression of a formal or programming language is represented by a graph whose
Abstract_semantic_graph
Modelling language and methodology for capturing knowledge and designing systems
Object process methodology (OPM) is a conceptual modeling language and methodology for capturing knowledge and designing systems, specified as ISO/PAS
Object_Process_Methodology
Sowa in the same discussion claimed that an explanation in terms of conceptual graphs is sufficiently convincing about the Reduction Thesis for those without
Semiotic theory of Charles Sanders Peirce
Semiotic_theory_of_Charles_Sanders_Peirce
Partition of a graph whose components are reachable from all vertices
In the mathematical theory of directed graphs, a graph is said to be strongly connected if every vertex is reachable from every other vertex. The strongly
Strongly_connected_component
Mental representation of information
These landmarks are processed by the hippocampus together to provide a graph of the environment through relative locations. Alex Siegel and Sheldon White
Cognitive_map
Subfield of machine learning
decision intelligence draws from other conceptual representation technologies like mind mapping, conceptual graphs, and semantic networks. The basic idea
Decision_intelligence
Query language for property graphs
is a query language specifically for property graphs. A property graph closely resembles a conceptual data model, as expressed in an entity–relationship
Graph_Query_Language
Structure for enterprise architecture
recent extensions and show how it can be formalized in the notation of conceptual graphs. Also in 1992: John Zachman's co-author John Sowa proposed the additions
Zachman_Framework
Theory of text organization
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Rhetorical_structure_theory
Communication using graphic elements
illustrate, or entertain. Examples are photographs, drawings, line art, graphs, diagrams, typography, numbers, symbols, geometric designs, maps, engineering
Graphic_communication
Branch of logic
Combinational logic Combinatory logic Conceptual graph Disjunctive syllogism Entitative graph Equational logic Existential graph Implicational propositional calculus
Propositional_logic
Project for an open source artificial intelligence framework
termed Atomese, used for generic knowledge representation, such as conceptual graphs and semantic networks, as well as to represent and store the rules
OpenCog
Proposition that visual inscriptions are central to scientific practice
beyond graphs to include non-graph illustrations (NGIs) such as photographs, conceptual diagrams, and other visual displays. Like graphs, non-graph illustrations
Graphism_thesis
Function graph representing factorization
A factor graph is a bipartite graph representing the factorization of a function. In probability theory and its applications, factor graphs are used to
Factor_graph
American political scientist (born 1933)
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Robert_E._Horn
Inverse sum of distances in a graph
In a connected graph, closeness centrality (or closeness) of a node is a measure of centrality in a network, calculated as the reciprocal of the sum of
Closeness_centrality
Methods in artificial intelligence research
knowledge representation and automated reasoning. Semantic networks, conceptual graphs, frames, and logic are all approaches to modeling knowledge such as
Symbolic artificial intelligence
Symbolic_artificial_intelligence
Machine learning paradigm
1007/BF00116838. Jonyer, I.; Cook, D. J.; Holder, L. B. (2001). "Graph-based hierarchical conceptual clustering". Journal of Machine Learning Research. 2: 19–43
Conceptual_clustering
Formalised description of reasoning
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Logic_of_argumentation
Cognitive psychology process
Philosophy portal Psychology portal Chunking in language acquisition Conceptual graph Flow (psychology) Forgetting curve Generalization (learning) Knowledge
Chunking_(psychology)
Multidisciplinary field of research
Information visualization handles abstract data structures such as trees or graphs. Visual analytics is especially concerned with coupling interactive visual
Visual_analytics
Way of representing the hierarchical nature of a structure in a graphical form
(data structure) for computer science; insofar as it relates to graph theory, see tree (graph theory) or tree (set theory). Other related articles are listed
Tree_structure
Varying application boundaries
Mineau et al. (eds.), Conceptual graphs for knowledge representation. Berlin: Springer, 1993. Tru Hoang Cao, Conceptual graphs and fuzzy logic. Berlin:
Fuzzy_concept
Interviewing method based on personal construct theory of personality
practitioners to use semantic network techniques in addition to the repertory grid. Graph (abstract data type) Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure Knowledge
Repertory_grid
Techniques used to model a situation to be changed
change. However, PSMs always focus on creating a sufficiently rigorous conceptual model or cognitive map of the situation, whereas large group methods do
Problem_structuring_methods
Technique for making decisions
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Business_decision_mapping
Explicit listing of design decisions
University of California. OCLC 20155825. 492. McCall, R.J. (1991). "PHI: A Conceptual Foundation for Design Hypermedia". Design Studies 12 (1): 30–41. Maclean
Design_rationale
Philosophical concept
Sowa in the same discussion claimed that an explanation in terms of conceptual graphs is sufficiently convincing about the Reduction Thesis for those without
Categories_(Peirce)
pages 96–103, Philadelphia, PA. M Croitoru, K van Deemter (2007). A conceptual graph approach to the generation of referring expressions. Proceedings of
Referring expression generation
Referring_expression_generation
Computer-based method for summarizing a text
and Sidorov, Grigori (2013). "Summarizing Conceptual Graphs for Automatic Summarization Task". Conceptual Structures for STEM Research and Education
Automatic_summarization
Controlled natural language
(1988). An English-like Syntax and a Smalltalk Tool for Conceptual Graphs. Workshop on Conceptual Graphs. Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. pp. 3.1.5.1–3.1.5.10
ClearTalk
Algorithmic problem of finding non-crossing drawings
In graph theory, the planarity testing problem is the algorithmic problem of testing whether a given graph is a planar graph (that is, whether it can
Planarity_testing
German mathematician (1937–2017)
International Conferences on Formal Concept Analysis (ICFCA), Conceptual Structures (see also Conceptual graphs) (ICCS) and Concept Lattices and their Application
Rudolf_Wille
Mathematical model used by graph-oriented databases
A property graph, labeled property graph, or attributed graph is a data model of various graph-oriented databases, where pairs of entities are associated
Property_graph
Flow graph invented by Claude Shannon
A signal-flow graph or signal-flowgraph (SFG), invented by Claude Shannon, but often called a Mason graph after Samuel Jefferson Mason who coined the
Signal-flow_graph
American scientist (1839–1914)
devising existential graphs, a diagrammatic notation for the predicate calculus. Based on them are John F. Sowa's conceptual graphs and Sun-Joo Shin's diagrammatic
Charles_Sanders_Peirce
(January 2010). "The Effect of Information Mapping Strategy on Mathematics Conceptual Knowledge of Junior High School Students". US-China Review. 7 (1) – via
Structured_writing
In structure mining, a graph kernel is a kernel function that computes an inner product on graphs. Graph kernels can be intuitively understood as functions
Graph_kernel
Model or diagram describing interrelated things
Developing an enterprise-wide conceptual ER model is useful to support documenting the data architecture for an organization. A conceptual ER model may be used
Entity–relationship_model
Mechanical linkage used for copying drawings
materials such as metal, wood, or plastic. Pantograph routing, which is conceptually identical to pantograph milling, also exists (as does CNC routing). The
Pantograph
a co-simulation framework consists of five abstraction layers: From conceptual structuration, the architecture on which the co-simulation framework is
Co-simulation
British scientist and engineer
lattice Concept map Conceptual graph Decision tree Dendrogram Graph drawing Hyperbolic tree Hypertext Issue map Issue tree Layered graph drawing Mind map
Brian_R._Gaines
Abstract model
either the logical or the conceptual model. The table/column structure can change without (necessarily) affecting the conceptual model. In each case, of
Data_model
Software development methodology
shot. OOA artifacts include: Conceptual model A conceptual model captures concepts in the problem domain. The conceptual model is explicitly chosen to
Object-oriented analysis and design
Object-oriented_analysis_and_design
modeled in different modeling tools, such as object-role modeling, conceptual graph, and Unified Modeling Language. A semantic decision table contains
Semantic_decision_table
Examining complex systems as a whole
enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to conceptual systems, systems theory, and the system sciences. The word system has
Systems_thinking
Graph where most nodes are reachable in a small number of steps
network example Hubs are bigger than other nodes A small-world network is a graph characterized by a high clustering coefficient and low distances. In an
Small-world_network
approaches including: The NIAM language (Binary relationship language) Conceptual graphs (Sowa) Looking at the ER-language we have the basic components: Entities:
Modeling_perspective
the graphic is designed. For example, some features of graphs make use of spatial-to-conceptual mappings that are grounded in our everyday experience,
Graph_literacy
Logico-linguistic models have a superficial similarity to John F. Sowa's conceptual graphs; both use bubble style diagrams, both are concerned with concepts
Logico-linguistic_modeling
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Girl/Female
Australian, Irish
Refers to the Immaculate Conception
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Surname or Lastname
German (also Gräff), Dutch, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
German (also Gräff), Dutch, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant of Graf.English : metonymic occupational name for a clerk or scribe, from Anglo-Norman French grafe ‘quill’, ‘pen’ (a derivative of grafer ‘to write’, Late Latin grafare, from Greek graphein).
Boy/Male
Italian Spanish
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Boy/Male
Spanish American Italian Latin
Enduring. The poet Dante Alighieri wrote The Divine Comedy with its graphic description of...
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Literal Meaning: Lion. Contextual Babar means: King of Jungle; Lion hearted brave, courageous and exemplary leadership qualities. Highly, powerful and influential, very charsimatic
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
Male
Portuguese
Galician-Portuguese form of Latin Georgius, XURXO means "earth-worker, farmer."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Stebbins 1.English : from an unattested Old English nickname Stybbing ‘stumpy one’.
Boy/Male
Indian
Comforter
Female
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Danya, DANIA means "judge."
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Gift of god beautiful
Boy/Male
Indian, Malayalam, Telugu
The Raising of Sun; Fame
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Whittington.
Girl/Female
Muslim
One who sows seeds
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Fosterer of Forest
Boy/Male
Buddhist, Indian
Everlasting
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
CONCEPTUAL GRAPH
n.
One who lives in a convent; a monk or nun; a recluse.
a.
Alt. of Graphical
n.
The quality or state of being graphic.
n.
An assembly of monks, or of the prebends and other clergymen connected with a cathedral, conventual, or collegiate church, or of a diocese, usually presided over by the dean.
n.
Alt. of Graphicalness
n.
An instrument which, when applied over an artery, indicates graphically the movements or character of the pulse. See Sphygmogram.
n.
A mineral, a telluride of gold and silver, of a steel-gray, silver-white, or brass-yellow color. It often occurs in implanted crystals resembling written characters, and hence is called graphic tellurium.
a.
Alt. of Graphitoidal
a.
Of or pertaining to a convent; monastic.
a.
Pertaining to conception.
n.
A woman who holds a canonry in a conventual chapter.
adv.
In a graphic manner; vividly.
a.
Resembling graphite or plumbago.
n.
An instrument for recording graphically the variations of temperature, or the indications of a thermometer.
n.
A chart or graphic representation of the average distribution of rain over the surface of the earth.
a.
Possessing harmony; accordant.
a.
Having the faculty of, or characterized by, clear and impressive description; vivid; as, a graphic writer.
n.
See Graphoscope.
n.
A pen-shaped pointing device used to specify the cursor position on a graphics tablet.
a.
Pertaining to, containing, derived from, or resembling, graphite.