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Part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells
The complement system, also known as complement cascade, is a part of the humoral, innate immune system and enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies
Complement_system
Binary representation for signed numbers
fixed point binary values. As with the ones' complement and sign-magnitude systems, two's complement uses the most significant bit as the sign to indicate
Two's_complement
Mathematics concept
specific computer represents numbers. A ones' complement system or ones' complement arithmetic is a system in which negative numbers are represented by
Ones'_complement
Protein family
A complement receptor is a membrane-bound receptor belonging to the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system. Complement receptors
Complement_receptor
Topics referred to by the same term
Aggregate complementation, the separation of pitch-class collections into complementary sets Complementary color, in the visual arts Complement system (immunology)
Complement
Biological system protecting an organism against disease
antimicrobial peptides called defensins, RNA interference, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have a more sophisticated defense
Immune_system
Medical condition
Complement deficiency is an immunodeficiency of absent or suboptimal functioning of one of the complement system proteins. Because of redundancies in the
Complement_deficiency
Aspect of immunity
immunity that is mediated by macromolecules—including secreted antibodies, complement proteins, and certain antimicrobial peptides—located in extracellular
Humoral_immunity
Protein involved in the immune system
Complement component 4 (C4), in humans, is a protein involved in the intricate complement system, originating from the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system
Complement_component_4
Protein found in humans
Complement component 3, often simply called C3, is a protein of the immune system that is found primarily in the blood. It plays a central role in the
Complement_component_3
Aspect of the immune system
classical complement pathway is one of three pathways which activate the complement system, which is part of the immune system. The classical complement pathway
Classical_complement_pathway
Protein complex
the activation of the host's complement system, and as such is an effector of the immune system. Antibody-mediated complement activation leads to MAC deposition
Complement membrane attack complex
Complement_membrane_attack_complex
Immunity strategy in living beings
body aches; and possible dysfunction of involved organs/tissues. The complement system is a key mechanism of innate immunity that utilize proteins to identify
Innate_immune_system
Protein found in humans
protein encoded by this gene is part of the classical pathway of the complement system, acting as a multi-domain serine protease, which are a class of enzymes
Complement_component_2
Type of cascade reaction of the complement system
pathway is a type of cascade reaction of the complement system and is a component of the innate immune system, a natural defense against infections. The
Alternative complement pathway
Alternative_complement_pathway
Protein found in humans
characterized. In primates, CR1 serves as the main system for processing and clearance of complement opsonized immune complexes. It has been shown that
Complement_receptor_1
inflammatory function (C3a desarginine). C3a is an effector of the complement system with a range of functions including T cell activation and survival
C3a_(complement)
Protein complex
The complement component 1q (or simply C1q) is a protein complex involved in the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system. C1q together
Complement_component_1q
Protein found in humans
Complement component 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C5 gene. Complement component 5 is involved in the complement system. It is cleaved
Complement_component_5
formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC) and target cell lysis. Complement system is efficiently activated by human IgG1, IgG3 and IgM antibodies, weakly
Complement-dependent cytotoxicity
Complement-dependent_cytotoxicity
Complement control proteins are proteins that interact with components of the complement system. The complement system is tightly regulated by a network
Complement_control_protein
Mammalian protein found in humans
dying cells (and some types of bacteria) in order to activate the complement system via C1q. CRP is synthesized by the liver in response to factors released
C-reactive_protein
Protein found in humans
complement system. It binds to iC3b (inactive derivative of C3b), C3dg, or C3d. B cells express CR2 on their surfaces, allowing the complement system
Complement_receptor_2
Life-threatening immune-related blood disease
attack, kidney failure, and death. The complement system activation may be due to mutations in the complement regulatory proteins (factor H, factor I
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome
Atypical_hemolytic_uremic_syndrome
Protein found in humans
of complement activation (RCA) family. It functions as a complement control protein and plays a critical role in regulating the complement system, particularly
Factor_H
Protein(s) forming a major part of an organism's immune system
recognize multiple distinct (unrelated) antigens. These can work with the complement system in the earliest phases of an immune response to help facilitate clearance
Antibody
Medical diagnostic method
Total complement activity (TCA) refers to a series of tests that determine the functioning of the complement system in an individual. A variety of tests
Total_complement_activity
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Complement factor B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CFB gene. This gene encodes complement factor B, a component of the alternative pathway
Complement_factor_B
Protein fragment
cleavage of complement component C5 by protease C5-convertase into C5a and C5b fragments. C5b is important in late events of the complement cascade, an
Complement_component_5a
Macrophage-1 antigen (or integrin αMβ2 or macrophage integrin or Mac-1) is a complement receptor ("CR3") consisting of CD11b (integrin αM) and CD18 (integrin
Macrophage-1_antigen
Class of serine proteases
serine proteases and is necessary in innate immunity as a part of the complement system which eventuate in opsonisation of particles, release of inflammatory
C3-convertase
Medical diagnostic method
DNA-based methods of pathogen detection, particularly PCR. The complement system is a system of serum proteins that react with antigen-antibody complexes
Complement_fixation_test
Protein-coding gene in humans
Complement C1r subcomponent (EC 3.4.21.41, activated complement C1r, C overbar 1r esterase, C1r) is a protein involved in the complement system of the
Complement_component_1r
Blood disease in which red blood cells are attacked by the immune system
characterized by destruction of red blood cells by the complement system, a part of the body's innate immune system. This destructive process occurs due to deficiency
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal_nocturnal_hemoglobinuria
Class of enzymes
the CFD gene. Factor D is involved in the alternative complement pathway of the complement system where it cleaves factor B. The protein encoded by this
Factor_D
Protein domain
Anaphylatoxins, or complement peptides, are fragments (C3a, C4a and C5a) that are produced as part of the activation of the complement system. Complement components
Anaphylatoxin
Lack of or compromised immune system
where there is no function of the spleen Complement deficiency is where the function of the complement system is deficient In reality, immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency
problem we get an N-dimensional linear system AU = F. The Schur complement method splits up the linear system into sub-problems. To do so, divide Ω into
Schur_complement_method
Pharmaceutical drug
nocturnal hemoglobinuria, proteins known as the "complement system", which is part of the immune system, become overactive because of a genetic mutation
Ravulizumab
Physical effects resulting from activation of the immune system
cascade systems—consisting of preformed plasma proteins—act in parallel to initiate and propagate the inflammatory response. These include the complement system
Inflammation
Vision loss due to damage to the macula of the eye
10q26 Complement factor B/complement component 2 (CFB/CC2) on chromosome 6 at 6p21.3[citation needed] Polymorphisms in genes for complement system proteins:
Macular_degeneration
Protein found in humans
Complement component 7 is a protein involved in the complement system of the innate immune system. C7 is part of the membrane attack complex (MAC) which
Complement_component_7
Mammalian protein found in humans
inhibition of the complement system (C1r, C1s) to prevent spontaneous activation but also as the major regulator of the contact system (PK, FXIIa, and FXIa)
C1-inhibitor
Overreaction of the immune system to an antigen
both. Type III, an immune complex-mediated reaction involving IgG, complement system and phagocytes. Type IV, a T cell-mediated, delayed hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity
Protein found in humans
Complement component 1s (EC 3.4.21.42, C1 esterase, activated complement C1s, complement C overbar 1r, C1s) is a protein involved in the complement system
Complement_component_1s
Medical condition
the immune system's response to a foreign invader. C3 is the most abundant complement component and is a particularly important complement component because
Complement_3_deficiency
Disease characterized by rapid swelling
angioedema, bradykinin formation is caused by continuous activation of the complement system due to a deficiency in one of its prime inhibitors, C1-esterase (aka:
Angioedema
Interactions in the immune system
macrophages and T cells of the immune system migrate into the spinal cord. Production of immune cells of the complement system have also been documented as being
Neuroimmune_system
Protein-coding gene in humans
human complement system subcomponent C1q. C1q associates with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. Deficiency
C1QA
Protein complex
complex (complement component 1, C1) is a protein complex involved in the complement system. It is the first component of the classical complement pathway
C1_complex
Part of the innate immune system
elements formed by the cleavage of complement component 3, and is considered an important part of the innate immune system. C3b is potent in opsonization:
C3b
Cell-Bound Complement Activation Products (CB-CAPs) or complement split products, refers to complement activation fragments, C4d, that are bound covalently
Cell-bound complement activation products
Cell-bound_complement_activation_products
Protein found in humans
Complement component 9 (C9) is a MACPF protein involved in the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system. Once activated, about 12-18
Complement_component_9
Type of cascade reaction in the complement system
pathway is a type of cascade reaction in the complement system, similar in structure to the classical complement pathway, in that, after activation, it proceeds
Lectin_pathway
Protein involved in the complement system
Complement component 8 is a protein involved in the complement system. It is part of the membrane attack complex (MAC). A hereditary deficiency of C8
C8_complex
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
protein that, in humans, is encoded by the CD55 gene. DAF regulates the complement system on the cell surface. It recognizes C4b and C3b fragments that are
Decay-accelerating_factor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Properdin is plasma glycoprotein that activates the complement system of the innate immune system. It is found in plasma and primarily produced by leukocytes
Properdin
needed] MASP-2 is involved in the complement system. MASP-2 is very similar to the C1s molecule, of the classical complement pathway, and they are thought
Mannan-binding lectin-associated serine protease-2
Mannan-binding_lectin-associated_serine_protease-2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
pathway of the complement system and is responsible for activating MASP-2 and MASP-3. It is also involved in the process of cleaving complement proteins, C4
MASP1
Pharmaceutical drug
terminal complement inhibitor. It binds to the complement C5 protein and inhibits activation of the complement system, a part of the body's immune system. This
Eculizumab
Serine protease that plays key role in innate immunity
that play key role in the innate immunity. It participates in the complement system ending with cell death. There are four different C5 convertases able
C5-convertase
Type of immune system molecule
recognized by complement receptor 1, 3, and 4 (CR1, CR3, CR4), which are present on most phagocytes. In this way, the complement system participates in
Opsonin
Protein
(factor I) is a protein of the complement system, first isolated in 1966 in guinea pig serum, that regulates complement activation by cleaving cell-bound
Complement_factor_I
with pattern recognition molecules of the complement system and regulating the lectin pathway of complement activation". Journal of Immunology. 183 (11):
Map44
Transplantation of cells or tissue across species
antibodies) to the donor endothelium, causing activation of the human complement system, which results in endothelial damage, inflammation, thrombosis and
Xenotransplantation
Protein found in humans
Complement component 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the C6 gene. Complement component 6 is a protein involved in the complement system. It
Complement_component_6
Term for several kidney diseases
of the complement system. The C3 Nephritic Factor autoantibody stabilizes C3-convertase, which may lead to an excessive activation of complement. Type
Glomerulonephritis
Type of allergic reaction
cellular cytotoxicity or anti-receptor activity. The activation of the complement system results in opsonization, the agglutination of red blood cells, cell
Type_II_hypersensitivity
Greek-American biochemist
including books such as Structural Biology of the Complement System and Current Topics in Complement II. Lambris completed his Bachelor of Science in Biology
John_Lambris
Antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes
effects of other immunoglobulins. IgA is a poor activator of the complement system, and opsonizes only weakly. IgA exists in two isotypes, IgA1 and IgA2
Immunoglobulin_A
Chemical compound
is a complement inhibitor that is injected subcutaneously (under the skin). Zilucoplan is a cyclic peptide that binds to the protein complement component
Zilucoplan
Medical condition
rare genetic disorder of the immune system. CHAPLE stands for "CD55 deficiency with hyper-activation of complement, angiopathic thrombosis, and severe
CD55_deficiency
Clumping of abnormal cold-sensitive proteins in blood
the blood complement system. They therefore form tissue deposits that contain IgM, IgG or, rarely, IgA, and components of the complement system, including
Cryoglobulinemia
protein-associated serine protease are serine proteases involved in the complement system. Types include: MASP1 MASP2 mannan-binding lectin Dobó, József; Pál
Mannose-binding protein-associated serine protease
Mannose-binding_protein-associated_serine_protease
Tool in linear algebra and matrix analysis
The Schur complement is a key tool in the fields of linear algebra, the theory of matrices, numerical analysis, and statistics. It is defined for a block
Schur_complement
Protein complex involved in the complement system
C4b-binding protein (C4BP) is a protein complex involved in the complement system where it acts as inhibitor. C4BP has an octopus-like structure with
C4b-binding_protein
Tail region of an antibody
receptors and some proteins of the complement system. This region allows antibodies to activate the immune system, for example, through binding to Fc
Fragment crystallizable region
Fragment_crystallizable_region
Antibody isotype
of the pathogen itself; IgG activates the classical pathway of the complement system, a cascade of immune protein production that results in pathogen elimination;
Immunoglobulin_G
Genes on human chromosome 6
improving. HLAs corresponding to MHC class III encode components of the complement system. HLAs have other roles. They are important in disease defense. They
Human_leukocyte_antigen
Thai-German microbiologist (born 1946)
Investigation of the complement system led Bhakdi to the area of atherosclerosis. In 1989 he discovered through animal experiments that the complement component
Sucharit_Bhakdi
Protein part of the complement system
part of the complement system, a component of the vertebrate immune system. iC3b is produced when complement factor I cleaves C3b. Complement receptors
IC3b
British protein biochemist, immunologist, and academic
biochemist, immunologist, and academic, most known for the study of the complement system. He is the holder of the Helmut Ecker Endowed Professorship in Age-related
Simon_J._Clark
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Complement component 4B (Chido blood group) is a kind of the Complement component 4 protein that in humans is encoded by the C4B gene. This gene encodes
Complement_component_4B
Medical condition
mesangium and basement membrane (GBM) thickening, activating the complement system and damaging the glomeruli. MPGN accounts for approximately 4% of
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Membranoproliferative_glomerulonephritis
Medication
treatment of age-related macular degeneration. Avacincaptad pegol is a complement inhibitor. Avacincaptad pegol was approved for medical use in the United
Avacincaptad_pegol
Medical condition
of immune-complexes (antigen-antibody complex) that activates the complement system are involved. The antibodies that form immune complexes deposits or
Diffuse proliferative nephritis
Diffuse_proliferative_nephritis
Topics referred to by the same term
College Trinity College Colac Terminal complement complex, the membrane attack complex of the complement system Thermomechanical Cuttings Cleaner Total
TCC
Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue
RNASEH2C, Complement component 1qA, Complement component 1qB, Complement component 1r, Complement component 1s, Complement component 2, Complement component
Lupus
Diseases of the brain and spinal cord
blood vessels, with preservation of oligodendrocytes and signs of complement system activation. A special characteristic that makes a difference between
Lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system
Lesional_demyelinations_of_the_central_nervous_system
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
protein is a determinant for the Ok blood group system. There are three known antigens in the Ok system; the most common being Oka (also called OK1), OK2
Basigin
Disease of blood and kidneys after bacterial infection
alternative complement pathway and also interferes with complement regulation by binding to complement factor H, an inhibitor of the complement system. Shiga
Hemolytic–uremic_syndrome
American physician
American immunologist, an early investigator of the alternative complement pathway (a system of defense not dependent upon antibodies). Pillemer was born
Louis_Pillemer
Encoding of negative numbers in binary number systems
extending the binary numeral system to represent signed numbers are: sign–magnitude, ones' complement, two's complement, and offset binary. Some of the
Signed_number_representations
Dutch chemist (born 1962)
three-dimensional structure of the C3 protein, which plays a central role in the complement system and contributes to innate immunity. Gros was born in Dokkum, Netherlands
Piet_Gros
Species of fungus
is able to elicit an immune response in humans by activating the complement system. This species is commonly found in various types of soils over a range
Mucor_plumbeus
Blood test used in immunohematology
a condition where the immune system breaks down red blood cells, leading to anemia. It detects antibodies or complement proteins attached to the surface
Coombs_test
Blood disorder in which cold sensitive antibodies target red blood cells
to red blood cells activates the classical pathway of the complement system. If the complement response is sufficient, red blood cells are damaged by the
Cold_agglutinin_disease
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
with C1r and C1s in order to yield the first component of the serum complement system. The protein encoded by this gene is known to bind to the globular
C1QBP
Method of subtraction
decimal numbering system, the radix complement is called the ten's complement and the diminished radix complement the nines' complement. In binary, the
Method_of_complements
Protein family
recognizes iC3b (inactivated C3b) deposited on microbial surfaces. complement system immunoglobulin Helmy K, Katschke K, Gorgani N, Kljavin N, Elliott
Complement receptor of the immunoglobulin family
Complement_receptor_of_the_immunoglobulin_family
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