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A comma code is a type of prefix-free code in which a comma, a particular symbol or sequence of symbols, occurs at the end of a code word and never occurs
Comma_code
A comma-free code is block code in which no concatenation of two code words contains a valid code word that overlaps both. Comma-free codes are also known
Comma-free_code
Set of codewords, none a prefix of another
prefix codes, prefix codes are also widely referred to as "Huffman codes", even when the code was not produced by a Huffman algorithm. The term comma-free
Prefix_code
Standards and guidelines for writing code
Coding conventions are a set of guidelines for a specific programming language that recommend programming style, practices, and methods for each aspect
Coding_conventions
Type of code in coding theory
self-synchronizing code are synchronized code or, ambiguously, comma-free code. A self-synchronizing code permits the proper framing of transmitted code words provided
Self-synchronizing_code
Type of prefix code
where φ {\displaystyle \varphi } is the golden ratio. For the ternary comma code (i.e., encoding in base 3, represented with 2 bits per symbol), the implicit
Universal code (data compression)
Universal_code_(data_compression)
Slanting line punctuation mark (/)
or technical names. Once used as the equivalent of the modern period and comma, the slash is now used to represent division and fractions, as a date separator
Slash_(punctuation)
Latin letter T with comma
T-comma (majuscule: Ț, minuscule: ț) is a letter which consists of a t with a diacritical comma underneath it, and is distinct from t-cedilla. It is part
Ț
Transmission of language with brief pulses
Morse code is a telecommunications method which encodes text characters as standardized sequences of two different signal durations, called dots and dashes
Morse_code
Punctuation-like letter (ʻ)
letter turned comma is encoded at U+02BB ʻ MODIFIER LETTER TURNED COMMA, in the Spacing Modifier Letters Unicode block. In Unicode code charts, the representative
Modifier_letter_turned_comma
Marks to indicate pacing of written text
comma" and the "exclamation comma". The question comma has a comma instead of the dot at the bottom of a question mark, while the exclamation comma has
Punctuation
Programming languages binary operator
In the C and C++ programming languages, the comma operator (represented by the token ,) is a binary operator that evaluates its first operand and discards
Comma_operator
Punctuation mark (;)
be used in place of commas to separate items in a list, particularly when the elements of the list themselves have embedded commas. The semicolon is one
Semicolon
Latin letter S with comma
S-comma (majuscule: Ș, minuscule: ș) is a letter which is part of the Romanian alphabet, used to represent the sound /ʃ/, the voiceless postalveolar fricative
Ș
Numerical symbol
decimal point and decimal comma refer to a dot (either at the baseline or the vertically middle of the written characters) and comma, respectively, when it
Decimal_separator
QR code format
MeCard is a data file similar to vCard but used by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in QR code format for use with Cellular Phones. It is largely compatible with most QR-readers
MeCard_(QR_code)
American software engineer
2016). "Comma.ai cancels the Comma One following NHTSA letter". TechCrunch. Retrieved January 5, 2026. "George Hotz is giving away the code behind his
George_Hotz
Line code mapping 8-bit words to 10-bit symbols
and j; i.e., the 5b/6b code followed by the 3b/4b code. This ensures the uniqueness of the special bit sequence in the comma symbols. The residual effect
8b/10b_encoding
Open source driver assistance system
open-source, semi-automated driving software by comma.ai. When paired with aftermarket retrofit comma.ai hardware, it replaces advanced driver-assistance
Openpilot
Syntactic construction in computer programming
The fat comma (also termed hash rocket in Ruby and a fat arrow in JavaScript) is a syntactic construction that appears in a position in a function call
Fat_comma
Character encoding standard
ASCII (/ˈæski/ ASS-kee), an acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for representing a particular
ASCII
Variant of the Latin alphabet
with comma below". When this second (but optional) remapping takes place, Romanian Unicode text is rendered with comma-below glyphs regardless of code point
Romanian_alphabet
Latin letter T with cedilla
represented with a tt). In early versions of Unicode, the Romanian letter Ț (T-comma) was considered a glyph variant of Ţ, and therefore was not present in the
Ţ
Letter of the Latin alphabet
D-cedilla is identical to D-comma as of the Unicode Consortium code chart for Latin Extended Additional. S with comma T with comma Negruzzi, p. 234. Vîrtosu
D_with_comma
Six-bit binary-coded decimal codes
(preserving only the duplicated minus sign and asterisk, period, comma, and dollar sign). A similar code was used for the IBM 709, 7090 and 7094 successors, but
BCD_(character_encoding)
Traditional first example of a computer programming language
deviations in casing and punctuation, such as the presence or absence of the comma or exclamation mark. Some devices limit the format to specific variations
Hello,_world
Spoken alphabet for radio communication
clearer names for the letters of an alphabet. Civilian industry uses the code words to avoid similar problems in the transmission of messages by telephone
NATO_phonetic_alphabet
Data-interchange format
display a warning. JWCC (JSON With Commas and Comments) is a superset that adds trailing commas, single-line code comments, and block comments. It is
JSON
Method used for display options on video text terminals
feature, invoked using ~, DC1 and then the X and Y positions separated with a comma. While the two terminals had identical functionality in this regard, different
ANSI_escape_code
Latin letter S with cedilla
variants (U+15E). In early versions of Unicode, the Romanian letter Ș (S-comma) was considered a glyph variant of Ş, and therefore was not present in the
Ş
ASCII-based standard character encoding
placed according to it, but using S-comma and T-comma instead of cedilla). Differences from ISO-8859-1 have the Unicode code point number below the character
ISO/IEC_8859-16
Process of encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA
Some examples of these encoding schemes include Huffman codes, comma codes, and alternating codes. To encode arbitrary data in DNA, the data is typically
DNA_digital_data_storage
Morse code variant used on landline telegraph systems in the U.S.
American Morse Code — also known as Railroad Morse — is the latter-day name for the original version of the Morse Code, developed in the mid-1840s by
American_Morse_code
Currency of South Africa
simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), a comma separates the rand and
South_African_rand
Japanese telegraphic code
Wabun code (和文モールス符号, wabun mōrusu fugō; Morse code for Japanese text) is a form of Morse code used to send the Japanese language in kana characters. Unlike
Wabun_code
Diacritical mark used in polytonic orthography
Attic ἐνῑ́κησε. In Unicode, the code point assigned to the rough breathing mark is U+0314 ◌̔ COMBINING REVERSED COMMA ABOVE. It is intended to be used
Rough_breathing
Lossless data compression method
(you don't need to encode the separating comma in the output stream, because the 0 at the end of the q code is enough to say when q ends and r begins;
Golomb_coding
Diacritic used in Latin alphabets
a time when it was often the only available code page, some users simulated the cedilla by placing a comma after the letter; for example, writing c,a for
Cedilla
As of Unicode version 18.0, there are 310,341 assigned characters with code points, covering 175 modern and historical scripts, as well as multiple symbol
List_of_Unicode_characters
German cipher machine during World War II
forces. The Wehrmacht replaced a comma with ZZ and the question mark with FRAGE or FRAQ. The Kriegsmarine replaced the comma with Y and the question mark
Enigma_machine
Family of programming languages
BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages designed for ease of use. The
BASIC
Geographic coding scheme
listed. Complete UN/LOCODE code list may be downloaded in the format of.mdb (MS Access database), .txt (text file) and .csv (Comma-separated values). HTML
UN/LOCODE
Romanization scheme for Standard Chinese
some input methods (e.g. Sogou Pinyin) also outputs the Private Use Areas code point instead of the original character. As the superset GB 18030 changed
Pinyin
(see Container for type theory discussion). comma-separated values (CSV) A delimited text file that uses a comma to separate values. A CSV file stores tabular
Glossary_of_computer_science
Typographical mark (`) (Freestanding grave accent)
happens to be program code, the first value returned by that code is inserted at the respective location instead of the comma-prefixed code. This is roughly
Backtick
Latin letter S with caron
represents the same sound as the Turkic letter Ş and the Romanian letter Ș (S-comma), the Hebrew letter שׁ, the Ge'ez (Ethiopic) letter ሠ, the Cyrillic letter
Š
Punctuation mark with various forms
apostrophes, commas and parentheses in handwritten manuscripts submitted to publishers. Unicode currently does not provide alternate codes for these 6/9
Quotation_mark
Macro taking a varying number of arguments
Retrieved 2025-10-30. "Comma omission and comma deletion". June 18, 2017. Retrieved December 24, 2022. "WG14 - N3033 : Comma omission and comma deletion". 2022-07-20
Variadic_macro
Punctuation or diacritical mark (')
for noun plurals, especially in loanwords ending in a vowel (as in ... Comma's are used, Philip Luckcombe, 1771) and in the consonants s, z, ch, sh, (as
Apostrophe
Punctuation to signal the end of a sentence (.)
marked a division in a thought occasioning a shorter breath (essentially a comma). The name period is first attested (as the Latin loanword peridos) in Ælfric
Full_stop
Type of barcode
Change to mixed, Interpret next digit as punctuation Mixed: 0–9, &, CR, HT, comma, :, #, -, period, $, /, +, %, *, =, ^, Change to punctuation, SP, Change
PDF417
Typographical symbol
interpunctum, pointing either up or down. It may also appear as a mid-line comma, similar to the Greek practice of the time. The interpunctum fell out of
Middle_dot
Real-time text-to-speech AI tool
(such as getting characters to make gasping noises or moans by placing commas in between certain phonemes). It also doesn't let me get away with picking
15.ai
First letter of the Latin alphabet
Great Vowel Shift a schwa /ə/ in many unstressed syllables, as in about, comma, solar The double ⟨aa⟩ sequence does not occur in native English words,
A
1828 U.S. campaign issue
British. This passage has been lightly edited for readability, primarily commas and numerals, along with the excision by ellipsis of some distracting emotional
Andrew Jackson and the slave trade
Andrew_Jackson_and_the_slave_trade
Currency sign
two or more units, and euro cents are separated with a full-stop, not a comma as in many countries (e.g., €1.50, 14 euros). The European Union's Interinstitutional
Euro_sign
Computer programming convention
some pair of parentheses or braces, which are separated with commas or semicolons. If code following the keywords where, let, or of omits braces and semicolons
Indentation_style
go back to step 2. Elias omega (ω) coding Even, Shimon; Rodeh, Michael (April 1978). "Economical encoding of commas between strings". Communications of
Even–Rodeh_coding
Record label founded by Emil E. Shalit in the 1940s
"Omopupa" / "Iyamabamiwi" 1429 Kings Of Caribbean Steel Band, voc Vivian Comma "Down In Soho" / "Rock 'n' Roll Susie" 1430 Lord Kitchener, Rupert Nurse
Melodisc_Records
Character(s) for specifying the boundary between regions of data
each row corresponding to a record. The commonly used comma-separated values (CSV) format uses a comma to delimit fields, and an newline to delimit records
Delimiter
Species of bacterium
Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where
Vibrio_cholerae
Island country in the Pacific Ocean
short-i sound (as in kit) has centralised towards the schwa sound (the a in comma and about); the short-e sound (as in dress) has moved towards the short-i
New_Zealand
British comedian and actor (born 1977)
Ayoade directed the music videos for two Vampire Weekend singles: "Oxford Comma", filmed in one long take, and "Cape Cod Kwassa Kwassa". That year he also
Richard_Ayoade
Political and socioeconomic ideology
the world, in further parts I will be putting this concept into inverted commas as an example of discursive practice). Significantly, while in the Western
Communism
City in West Yorkshire, England
region. Leeds is much more a generalised concept place name in inverted commas, it is the city, but it is also the commuter villages and the region as
Leeds
Typographic symbol
computer science (particularly cryptography). Although not as common as commas or tabs, the vertical bar can be used as a delimiter in a flat file. Examples
Vertical_bar
Chinese reusable spacecraft
fuselage of a Xian H-6 bomber, were first published on 11 December 2007. Code named Program 863-706, the Chinese name of this spacecraft was revealed as
Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
Chinese_reusable_experimental_spacecraft
Letter of the Latin alphabet
is derived historically from an apostrophe, it derives from the reversed comma ⟨ʽ⟩, as does the half ring ⟨ʿ⟩. In Unicode, five graphic variants of the
Reversed_glottal_stop
Reporting tool
such as: screen, a printer, into PDF, HTML, Microsoft Excel, RTF, ODT, comma-separated values (CSV), XSL, or XML files. It can be used in Java-enabled
JasperReports
Programming language family
evaluated and their values interpolated into a quoted list with the comma , unquote and comma-at ,@ splice operators. If the variable snue has the value (bar
Lisp_(programming_language)
Current British assault rifle, bullpup
the top of the weapon just forward of the buttplate and the distinctive comma-shaped cocking handle (shaped to aid the ejection of the empty round casing
SA80
(d)d/(m)m/(yy)yy in short format. d mmmm yyyy (Casually many people use with commas: d mmmm, yyyy) in long format. Both expanded forms dd-mmmm-yyyy and mmmm-dd-yyyy
List of date formats by country
List_of_date_formats_by_country
Typographic character indicating a question (?)
may also occur at the end of a clause or phrase, where it replaces the comma : Is it good in form? style? meaning? or: Showing off for him, for all of
Question_mark
Electronic display device for displaying digits and some letters
or other symbols. A decimal point or comma may be present as an additional segment, or pair of segments; the comma (used for triple-digit groupings or
Segment_display
Predefined shorthand signals
code abbreviations, which consist mainly of brevity codes that convey messages to other parties with greater speed and accuracy. However, some codes are
Prosigns_for_Morse_code
Atari 8-bit computer programming language
store it at address 1536 and 1537 CARD prevYear, curYear, nextYear ; use commas to declare multiple variables INTeger is internally represented as a signed
Action! (programming language)
Action!_(programming_language)
City in Texas, United States
acres (13 km2) Dallas County Preserve System. The Joppa Preserve, the McCommas Bluff Preserve, and the Cedar Ridge Preserve are within the Dallas city
Dallas
English author (born 1953)
complete control, other than the input of my artists... every full stop and comma that I put down on that script is going to end up in the finished comic
Alan_Moore
objecting to the event's use of the word "genocide". Abu Saif and publisher Comma Press, which had organized the event, denied the allegations and said they
Anti-Palestinian racism during the Gaza war
Anti-Palestinian_racism_during_the_Gaza_war
Topics referred to by the same term
Cohen–Daubechies–Feauveau wavelet Collider Detector at Fermilab Comma-delimited format, now referred to as .csv (comma-separated values) Common Data Format, NASA software
CDF
Information that locates a structure
numbers and organization name. Some addresses also contain special codes, such as a postal code, to make identification easier and aid in the routing of mail
Address
November 8, 2018 (2018-11-08) T36.10007 6.01 255 8 "The Coma and the Oxford Comma" Michael Lembeck Marc Flanagan November 15, 2018 (2018-11-15) T36.10008
List_of_Murphy_Brown_episodes
Computer network protocol
following Python code generates a random Sec-WebSocket-Key. import base64 import os print(base64.b64encode(os.urandom(16))) The following Python code calculates
WebSocket
Natural number
Kessinger. ISBN 1-4179-6429-4. Cecil Balmond, "Number 9, the search for the sigma code" 1998, Prestel 2008, ISBN 3-7913-1933-7, ISBN 978-3-7913-1933-9
9
Programming paradigm
metaprogramming. In Lisp metaprogramming, the unquote operator (typically a comma) introduces code that is evaluated at program definition time rather than at run
Metaprogramming
International standards for dates and times
by the decimal sign specified in ISO 31-0, i.e. the comma [,] or full stop [.]. Of these, the comma is the preferred sign. "ISO 8601 Format". TechNet.
ISO_8601
Spelling alphabet for kana
names for kana, numerals, and special characters (i.e. vowel extender, comma, quotation mark, and parentheses). Every kana name takes the form of a X
Japanese radiotelephony alphabet
Japanese_radiotelephony_alphabet
Revision of the C++ programming language released in 2026
The Oxford variadic comma". eisenwave.github.io. Retrieved 2024-12-09. a nice placeholder with no name, open-std.org Improving Code Safety in C++26: Managers
C++26
List of standard postal address formats
in France), separated by a space. Separators such as punctuation (point, comma or other signs) or "nº", or "nr" are not allowed. Extension designation
Address format by country and area
Address_format_by_country_and_area
Ongoing case at the International Court of Justice
2024. Retrieved 30 May 2024. Wintour, Patrick (29 May 2024). "How a single comma is allowing Israel to question ICJ Rafah ruling". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077
South Africa's genocide case against Israel
South_Africa's_genocide_case_against_Israel
Extinct clade of armored dinosaurs
lower part of the shoulder plates. These spines are long, rounded, and comma-shaped in lateral view and have an enlarged base. Stegosaurids also lack
Stegosauria
Usage of punctuation
In English writing, quotation marks or inverted commas, also known informally as quotes, talking marks, speech marks, quote marks, quotemarks or speechmarks
Quotation_marks_in_English
Abugida used to write Bengali
unmarked. An apostrophe, known in Bengali as ঊর্ধ্বকমা urdhbôkôma 'upper comma', is sometimes used to distinguish between homographs, e.g., পাটা paṭa 'plank'
Bengali_alphabet
Violations of laws of war
2025. Retrieved 27 May 2025. Wintour, Patrick (29 May 2024). "How a single comma is allowing Israel to question ICJ Rafah ruling". The Guardian. Archived
Israeli war crimes in the Gaza war
Israeli_war_crimes_in_the_Gaza_war
though the group used the title of Asimov's book, they had to drop the comma for copyright reasons. And, thus, I Robot was born. Marshall, Colin (February
List of songs based on literary works
List_of_songs_based_on_literary_works
dates are written in the month–day–year order (e.g. October 3, 2026) with a comma before and after the year if it is not at the end of a sentence, and time
Date and time notation in the United States
Date_and_time_notation_in_the_United_States
mail, the lack of a comma between municipality and province or territory, the double space between the latter and the postal code, and the single space
Canadian postal abbreviations for provinces and territories
Canadian_postal_abbreviations_for_provinces_and_territories
to use this machine. When Adamus does not wake from the machine-induced comma, Dr. Anu is killed by the General. Adamus' mother later recalls that the
List of Lorien Legacies characters
List_of_Lorien_Legacies_characters
General-purpose programming language
or more additional comma-separated expressions after it. The trailing $(,)? allows the caller to optionally include a final comma without causing an error
Rust_(programming_language)
Typographic symbol class
located at the code points normally designated for alphabetical or numeric characters. This practice was necessitated by the limited number of code points available
Dingbat
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance