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Type of U.S. central office telephone switch
A class-4, or tandem, telephone switch is a U.S. telephone company central office telephone exchange used to interconnect local exchange carrier offices
Class-4_telephone_switch
Type of U.S. central office telephone switch
A Class-5 telephone switch is a telephone exchange in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) that directly serves subscribers and manages subscriber
Class-5_telephone_switch
Telecommunication system for establishing telephone calls
A telephone exchange, telephone switch, or central office is a central component of a telecommunications system in the public switched telephone network
Telephone_exchange
Telephone electronic switching system
The 5ESS Switching System is a Class 5 telephone electronic switching system developed by Western Electric for the American Telephone and Telegraph Company
5ESS_Switching_System
This list of telephone switches is a compilation of telephone switches used in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) or in large enterprises. Centura
List_of_telephone_switches
Telephone switching system
The No. 4 Electronic Switching System (4ESS) is a class 4 telephone electronic switching system that was the first digital electronic toll switch introduced
No. 4 Electronic Switching System
No._4_Electronic_Switching_System
Topics referred to by the same term
Class 4 2-6-0, British steam locomotive BR Standard Class 4 2-6-4T, British steam locomotive Class 4 telephone switch Class 4, contribution class in the
Class_4
Element of American telephony
Standard 1037C. General Services Administration. Archived from the original on 2022-01-22. (in support of MIL-STD-188). Class-4 telephone switch v t e
Toll_switching_trunk
Software based telecommunications call routing
(software switch) is a call-switching node in a telecommunications network, based not on the specialized switching hardware of the traditional telephone exchange
Softswitch
Class 5 telephone switch
The GTD-5 EAX (General Telephone Digital Number 5 Electronic Automatic Exchange) is the Class 5 telephone switch developed by GTE Automatic Electric Laboratories
GTD-5_EAX
Collection of electronic switches arranged in a matrix
implementations achieved the same switching topology in solid-state electronics. The crossbar switch is one of the principal telephone exchange architectures, together
Crossbar_switch
telephone number. In the areas of the North American Numbering Plan, Class-4 telephone switches are the interchange points between numbering plan areas. Azar
Destination_routing
as a Class 5 telephone switch in the public switched telephone network (PSTN) until the early 1990s, when it was replaced with electronic switching systems
Number Five Crossbar Switching System
Number_Five_Crossbar_Switching_System
Telephone call charged at a higher rate
would allow the Los Angeles operator to dial via the tandem switch (i.e., class-4 telephone switch) to the Mount Pleasant operator's switchboard, and have
Long-distance_calling
Keypad that appears on some telephones
electromechanical telephone switching systems. Because of the abundance of rotary dial equipment still on use well into the 1990s, many telephone keypads were
Telephone_keypad
PSTN network topology is the switching network topology of a telephone network connected to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). In the United
PSTN_network_topology
American telecommunications company
IMA2 switch. It then produced the ITS-5 switch, which met the Class-5 telephone switch requirements, the ITS-4 switch, which met the Class-4 telephone switch
TRW_Vidar
switching systems Class 4 - Toll-access switching systems Class 5 - End-office switching systems Class 5 end-office switches provide local telephone service
Via_Net_Loss
gateway" refers to the Class-4 telephone switches these gateways often connect to, which are also referred to as "trunking switches" because of their use
Trunking_gateway
Electronic telephone switch
Rural/Urban digital loop carrier, the DMS-10 telephone switch, the DMS SuperNode family of telephone switches (DMS-100, DMS-200, DMS-250, DMS-300, DMS-500
Digital_Multiplex_System
Electrical component that can break an electrical circuit
the design of large networks of switches, as for example used in telephone exchanges. In the simplest case, a switch has two conductive pieces, often
Switch
American telecommunications firm
The Bell Telephone Company was an American telecommunications company active from 1877 to 1899. It was the initial corporate entity from which the Bell
Bell_Telephone_Company
Traffic Operator Position System, a computer-based operator switchboard
System is a computerized operator telephone switchboard designed by Bell-Northern Research Labs for the SP-1 4 Wire Switch in the early 1970s and still widely
TOPS_(Nortel)
interconnection method in the 21st century, used with the Lucent 5ESS Class-5 telephone switch to present day), microwave radio relay and ultimately fiber-optic
Four-wire_circuit
Methods of delivering voice communications and multimedia over IP networks
in contrast to the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN), commonly known as plain old telephone service (POTS). VoIP technology has evolved
Voice_over_IP
Telephone area code history of North America
Electric No. 4 Crossbar Switching System in Philadelphia to commercial service, in August 1943, automated the process of forwarding telephone calls between
Original North American area codes
Original_North_American_area_codes
Cross-border telephone switch
an international gateway exchange is a telephone switch that forms the gateway between a national telephone network and one or more other international
International gateway exchange
International_gateway_exchange
Crossbar Switching System (1XB) was the primary technology for urban telephone exchanges served by the Bell System in the mid-20th century. Its switch fabric
Number One Crossbar Switching System
Number_One_Crossbar_Switching_System
Telephone dialing code for access to service features
somewhat dated reference to older switching methods and the fact that these services can only be accessed by a telephone subscriber, going up (vertically)
Vertical_service_code
"Confessions of a Telephone Girl" Montana: The Magazine of Western History 47.4 (1997): 68–75. online Kenneth Lipartito, "When Women Were Switches: Technology
History of the telephone in the United States
History_of_the_telephone_in_the_United_States
Telecommunication service
their own separate toll-switches, so calls had to be routed accordingly depending on the final destination. As the telephone equipment used at the time
Direct_distance_dialing
American telecommunications equipment manufacturer
ringers. The GTD-5 EAX, GTE Automatic Electric's digital class 4/5 central office telephone switch, was first deployed on June 26, 1982. GTE Automatic Electric
Automatic_Electric
Feature of a telecommunications network
the need for telephone operators to manually record calls. Modern ANI has two components: information digits, which identify the class of service, and
Automatic number identification
Automatic_number_identification
Topics referred to by the same term
Class 5 may refer to: A5-class customs vessels Class 5 telephone switch Class V (U.S. Army), ammunition of all types, and associated items G-5-class motor
Class_5
American electrical engineering and manufacturing company
(2003). 100 Years of Telephone Switching: Manual and electromechanical switching (1878–1960s). IOS Press. p. 176. ISBN 978-4-274-90611-4. Hassard, John S
Western_Electric
Nortel telecom switch
of telephone exchange switches manufactured by Northern Telecom. Designed during the 1970s and released in 1979, it can serve up to 100,000 telephone lines
DMS-100
Switched network of teleprinters
the 1980s. The technology operates over the circuits of the public switched telephone network or by private lines, using binary signals encoded with the
Telex
Canadian telecommunications company (1895–2013)
Robert J.; Joel, Amos E. (2003). 100 Years of Telephone Switching: Manual and Electromechanical Switching, 1878-1960s (2, illustrated ed.). IOS Press.
Nortel
Method of transmitting images, often of documents
14.4 kbit/s. The relevant ITU-T recommendation is T.32 Amendment 1. Class 2.1 fax devices are referred to as "super G3". Several different telephone-line
Fax
signalling rates for synchronous data transmission in the general switched telephone network. It has been withdrawn since. V.6 was an ITU-T recommendation
List of ITU-T V-series recommendations
List_of_ITU-T_V-series_recommendations
Signaling method for telephony
address information and control signals from a user's telephone to the wire-center's Class-5 switch. DTMF uses a total of eight frequencies. Multi-frequency
Multi-frequency_signaling
Service that sends phone caller's number to the recipient of the phone call
is a telephone service, available in analog and digital telephone systems, including voice over IP (VoIP), that transmits a caller's telephone number
Caller_ID
Device that forwards data packets between computer networks
packet network. Pelkey, James. "4.7 Planning the ARPANET: 1967-1968 in Chapter 4 - Networking: Vision and Packet Switching 1959 - 1968". The History of Computer
Router_(computing)
Unshielded twisted pair communications cable
(Gigabit Ethernet) speeds. Cat 5 is also used to carry other signals such as telephone and video. This cable is commonly connected using punch-down blocks and
Category_5_cable
A "Community Dial Office" (CDO) was a small Class 5 telephone exchange in a rural area. These most often provided capacity for 1,000 or fewer customers
Community_dial_office
Third-party monitoring of electronic communications
Wiretapping, also known as wire tapping or telephone tapping, is the monitoring of telephone and Internet-based conversations by a third party, often
Wiretapping
Mathematical study of switched networks
states. An important class of sequential circuits are state machines. Switching circuit theory is applicable to the design of telephone systems, computers
Switching_circuit_theory
mobile communication devices that connect wirelessly to the public switched telephone network. While the transmission of speech by signal has a long history
History_of_mobile_phones
Using different languages or language varieties in different social situations
others. Social factors like class, religion, gender, and age influence the pattern of language that is used and switched between. There are three different
Situational_code-switching
Licensing of amateur radio in the US
operator simply by passing the element 4 theory examination. Additionally, an expired or unexpired Novice class license could be used as credit toward
Amateur radio licensing in the United States
Amateur_radio_licensing_in_the_United_States
Japanese telecommunication company
NTT, Inc. (formerly known as Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation), is a Japanese telecommunications holding company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
Nippon_Telegraph_and_Telephone
Telephone or computer accessory
with a telephone, telephone adapters or pin-alignment adapters are available. Some of these adapters also provide a mute function and switching between
Audio_headset
Family of British telephone exchanges
Office (GPO), designed to replace the ageing Strowger switches. When World War II ended, the UK telephone exchange suppliers supported the GPO's decision to
TXE
Method of central office code relief in the NANP
telephones, computer modems and, eventually, smart phones. The implementation of an area code split typically involves the establishment of a Class-4
Area_code_split
Research and scientific development company
which had been supplying AT&T with such technology as telephones, telephone exchange switches and transmission equipment. During the early 20th century
Bell_Labs
Computerized telephone switchboard
Class 5 end office circuit switch systems and Class 4 toll access circuit switch systems that were connected to Class 3 primary toll circuit switch systems
Traffic Service Position System
Traffic_Service_Position_System
First all-electronic exchange in Britain
Highgate Wood telephone exchange was the first all-electronic telephone exchange in Britain. It was built in Grand Avenue, in the London suburb of Muswell
Highgate Wood telephone exchange
Highgate_Wood_telephone_exchange
Canadian national historic site
the telephone's invention: "the telephone problem was solved, and it was solved at my father's home". The approximately 4-hectare (101⁄2 acre) site has
Bell Homestead National Historic Site
Bell_Homestead_National_Historic_Site
Second generation of Mercedes-Benz E-Class
The Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W210) is the second generation of the Mercedes-Benz E-Class, produced by Mercedes-Benz and marketed in saloon and estate body
Mercedes-Benz_E-Class_(W210)
connected to the main distribution frame, located at a Telephone exchange or other switching facility, by one or more primary feeder lines which contain
Outside_plant
American telecommunications and audio manufacturer
its quick dial tone speed & first video telephone in the world. ESC, an early electronic, wired logic, reed-switch with a matrix similar to the AE EAX. The
Stromberg-Carlson
American phone phreak (1949-2007)
Virginia, was an early phone phreak. Born blind, he became interested in telephones at age four. He had absolute pitch, and was able to whistle 2600 hertz
Joybubbles
Networking hardware that forwards packets based on hardware address
A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, Ethernet switch, and—by the IEEE—MAC bridge) is networking hardware that connects devices on
Network_switch
Discontinued cellular telephone network standard
Communication Telephone (PCT). The integrated system was the world's first that allowed the fixed line telephone subscribers of the public switched telephone network
Personal_Handy-phone_System
Telephone call with several participants
(sometimes called an audio teleconference or ATC) is a telephone call in which several people share a telephone line at the same time. The conference call may
Conference_call
Wireless telephone services for mobile phones
are all linked to the public switched telephone network (PSTN), enabling calls to be made to and from nearly any telephone worldwide. As of 2010, global
Mobile_telephony
Topics referred to by the same term
a large switch for computer storage networks Director telephone system, used by exchanges in some British cities in the 1920s–1980s GCR Class 11E (nicknamed
Director
Concept in telephony
set up telephone calls in the public switched telephone network (PSTN). It is specified by the ITU-T as part of the Q.76x series. When a telephone call
ISDN_User_Part
River Telephone Company operates a network of class 4 and class 5 switches. To ensure reliability and security, Big River has implemented Class 5 VoIP
Big_River_Telephone
signaling initiates register signaling to accomplish the exchange of telephone numbers of called party and in more modern line-signaling protocols, the
Line_signaling
not violated. The databases map telephone numbers to 15-character strings of caller names. Class 5 telephone switches, which provide end-office services
Line_information_database
American telecommunications company
Inc., an abbreviation of its predecessor's original name, the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, is an American multinational telecommunications
AT&T
Former media system in Europe
the subscribers to listen to opera and theatre performances over the telephone lines. The théâtrophone evolved from a Clément Ader invention, which was
Théâtrophone
Series of telephone exchange systems released by IBM
The IBM 1750, 2750 and 3750 Switching Systems were telephone exchange systems produced by IBM from the 1960s to the 1990s. IBM engineers in the IBM La
IBM 1750, 2750 and 3750 Switching Systems
IBM_1750,_2750_and_3750_Switching_Systems
Digital telecommunications protocol for voice, video, and data
synchronous digital hierarchy (SONET/SDH) backbone of the public switched telephone network and in the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) but
Asynchronous_Transfer_Mode
VoIP product, Telecom company
over the Internet. This type of phone service is called Internet-based telephone service (VoIP). Originally, MagicJack required a computer to work. Users
MagicJack
Computer network that connects devices across a large distance and area
are available for wide-area network links. Examples include circuit-switched telephone lines, radio wave transmission, and optical fiber. New developments
Wide_area_network
Short-range wireless technology standard
Retrieved 29 June 2022. "Class 1 Bluetooth Dongle Test". Amperordirect.com. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 4 September 2010. "WT41
Bluetooth
Standard network architecture for telecom networks
such as a telephone company or mobile phone operator. IN is supported by the Signaling System #7 (SS7) protocol between network switching centers and
Intelligent_Network
English engineer (1905–1998)
Research Station where he was Head of the Switching Division. He and his group pioneered work on all-electronic telephone exchanges, completing a basic design
Tommy_Flowers
American radio and telephone pioneer (1888–1965)
which was standard on most early radio telephone transceivers. Heising held over 100 patents, including those on Class C amplifiers and diode-triode detector
Raymond_A._Heising
Mercedes-Benz S-Class model manufactured from 1991 to 1998
1996, the S-Class coupé was renamed again as CL-Class into its own model range. The W140 series S-Class was superseded by the W220 S-Class sedan and C215
Mercedes-Benz_W140
Digital radio broadcasting standard
information is modulated using COFDM. It can run in simulcast mode by switching between DRM and AM, and it is also prepared for linking to other alternatives
Digital_Radio_Mondiale
Real-time video communication
videoconferencing: ITU H.320 is known as the standard for public switched telephone networks (PSTN) or videoconferencing over integrated services digital
Videotelephony
Motor vehicle
The second generation of the CL-Class used the C215-chassis designation and was manufactured and marketed by German automaker Mercedes from 1998–2006
Mercedes-Benz_CL-Class_(C215)
Telephone service provider
The International Bell Telephone Company (IBTC) of Brussels, Belgium, was created in 1879 by the Bell Telephone Company of Boston, Massachusetts, a precursor
International Bell Telephone Company
International_Bell_Telephone_Company
Packet-oriented mobile data service for 2G and 3G networks
GPRS mobile devices are Class B. Class C Are connected to either GPRS service or GSM service (voice, SMS) and must be switched manually between one service
GPRS
Inventor of the telephone (1847–1922)
who is credited with patenting the first practical telephone. He also co-founded the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1885. Bell's father
Alexander_Graham_Bell
1860s attempted telegraph line
Telegraph trail. "Diary of Franklin Pope". Archived from the original on August 4, 2007. Retrieved August 13, 2007. Tent Life in Siberia: Adventures Among the
Russian–American_Telegraph
Device for transmitting messages in written form by electrical signals
simple pair of wires, public switched telephone networks, dedicated non-switched telephone circuits (leased lines), switched networks that operated similarly
Teleprinter
medium-size commercial establishments, and modern cellular telephones used by an increasing middle class, large commercial ventures, international companies
Telecommunications in Azerbaijan
Telecommunications_in_Azerbaijan
German luxury sedan
them denoting the switches' function. The steering wheel has various control buttons for the cluster display, volume and telephone control and for the
Mercedes-Benz_S-Class_(W221)
reverse the sideband, so either USB or LSB is available with a simple DPDT switch. Vestigial-sideband modulation (VSB, or VSB-AM) is a type of modulation
Radio_transmitter_design
Cable assembly containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light
dual use as power lines, installation in conduit, lashing to aerial telephone poles, submarine installation, and insertion in paved streets. The jacket
Fiber-optic_cable
Digital representation of sampled analog signals
(ISDN), cordless telephones and cell phones. PCM is the method of encoding typically used for uncompressed digital audio. The 4ESS switch introduced time-division
Pulse-code_modulation
US license required for operation or repair of certain radio equipment
Second Class Radiotelephone Operator Licenses. In 1953 a Third Class permit was added. As they developed after World War II, the "First Phone" (Class) license
General radiotelephone operator license
General_radiotelephone_operator_license
Telephone newspaper in Budapest, Hungary
Hírmondó (also Telefonhírmondó, generally translated as "Telephone Herald") was a "telephone newspaper" located in Budapest, Hungary, which, beginning
Telefon_Hírmondó
Czech-American mathematician (born 1930)
and control problems arising from optimal routing in telephone networks, SIAM Journal on Control, 4(??):6–18, 1966 Existence of finite invariant measures
Václav_E._Beneš
Identifier of mains electricity supply point
GPRS or telephone line. Domestic NHH import MPANs always have a profile class of 01 or 02. Domestic NHH export MPANs are allocated a profile class of 08
Meter Point Administration Number
Meter_Point_Administration_Number
British computer scientist (1924–2000)
envisioned, in 1966, that there would be a single network for data and telephone communications. Davies proposed and studied a commercial national data
Donald_Davies
travel, tourism, insurance
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the medieval personal name Classe, a short form of Nicholas. See also Clayson.Variant of Klaas or Klass, North German forms of Claus.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Peace Maker; Brightness; Class
Girl/Female
Indian
Glass
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Glass
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Close 1.German : variant of Kloss.
Surname or Lastname
North German variant of Laas 2.Jewish (Ashkenazic)
North German variant of Laas 2.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : unexplained.English : nickname from Middle English lesse, lasse ‘smaller’ (from Old English lǣssa ‘less’), perhaps also used in the sense ‘younger’.
Boy/Male
Australian, Dutch, German, Greek
People's Victory
Boy/Male
Australian, Danish, Dutch, Greek, Swedish
People of Victory; Victory of the People
Boy/Male
English Latin Irish Welsh
Wealthy man.
Girl/Female
Indian
Glass
Male
German
Short form of German Niclaus, CLAUS means "victor of the people."Â
Girl/Female
Muslim
Glass
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Old French, Middle English cras ‘big’, ‘fat’ (Latin crassus).Possibly an altered spelling of German Krass.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : metonymic occupational name for a glazier or glass blower, from Old English glæs ‘glass’ (akin to Glad, referring originally to the bright shine of the material), Middle High German glas.Irish and Scottish : Anglicized form of the epithet glas ‘gray’, ‘green’, ‘blue’ or any of various Gaelic surnames derived from it.German : altered form of the personal name Klass, a reduced form of Nikolaus (see Nicholas).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ornamental name from German Glass ‘glass’, or a metonymic occupational name for a glazier or glass blower.
Surname or Lastname
North German
North German : topographic name from Middle Low German plas ‘place’, ‘open square’, ‘street’.South German (also Pläss) : from a short form of the medieval personal name Blasius.English : variant of Place 3.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Glass
Male
French
French form of Latin Telesphorus, TELESPHORE means "bearing fruit."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the medieval female personal name Cass, a short form of Cassandra. This was the name (of uncertain, possibly non-Greek, origin) of an ill-fated Trojan prophetess of classical legend, condemned to foretell the future but never be believed; her story was well known and widely popular in medieval England.
Boy/Male
Greek Latin
People's victory.
Female
English
English short form of Latin Cassandra, CASS means "she who entangles men."Â
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
CLASS 4-TELEPHONE-SWITCH
travel, tourism, insurance