Search references for CHAT MINING. Phrases containing CHAT MINING
See searches and references containing CHAT MINING!CHAT MINING
Rock waste from lead-zinc mining
Chat is a local term in the Tri-State Mining District for gravel-like waste created by ore crushing in lead-zinc mining operations there in the late 1800s
Chat_(mining)
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Chat, chat, chất, chặt, or chật in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Look up chats in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Chat or chats may refer
Chat
Pile built of accumulated spoil
green waters, how you enjoyed your play among the sleepy rocks (102). Chat (mining) Coal refuse Minestone Overburden Pallaqueo Tailings Collins English
Spoil_tip
Real-time communication over the internet
Online chat is any direct text-, audio- or video-based (webcams), one-on-one or one-to-many (group) chat (formally also known as synchronous conferencing)
Online_chat
American rock band
them as sludge metal. Chat Pile formed in February 2019 and took their name from piles of chat, byproducts of lead-zinc mining which are commonly found
Chat_Pile
Contaminated area in Oklahoma, US
northeastern Oklahoma. From 1900 to the 1960s lead mining and zinc mining companies left behind huge open chat piles that were heavily contaminated by these
Tar_Creek_Superfund_site
Zimbabwean entrepreneur
Investment Advisor as well as founder of first Zimbabwean owned social media chat platform Talk and Pay (TAP). Tempter Paul Tungwarara was born in Harare,
Tempter_Paul_Tungwarara
Hanoi University of Mining and Geology is a university in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. It trains future technical experts in the exploration and exploitation
Hanoi University of Mining and Geology
Hanoi_University_of_Mining_and_Geology
Form of computer communication over the internet or locally
services (also variously known as instant messenger, messaging app, chat app, chat client, or simply a messenger) tend to also feature the exchange of
Instant_messaging
Conversational software
AI boom of the 2020s, with the releases of generative AI chatbots such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Claude, and Grok. These chatbots typically use fine-tuned large
Chatbot
Ghost town in Oklahoma, United States
(known as chat) heaped throughout the area. The discovery of cave-in risks, groundwater contamination and health effects associated with the chat piles and
Picher,_Oklahoma
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
Retrieved 22 October 2013. Niccolai, James (19 May 2013). "Bitcoin developer chats about regulation, open source, and the elusive Satoshi Nakamoto". PCWorld
Cryptocurrency
2023 text-generating language model
GPT-4 was integrated by Microsoft into Bing Chat, launched in February 2023. GPT-4 was released in ChatGPT in March 2023, and removed in 2025. GPT-4
GPT-4
Historic U.S. lead-zinc mines
The Tri-State district was a historic lead-zinc mining district located in present-day southwest Missouri, southeast Kansas and northeast Oklahoma. The
Tri-State_district
2025 multimodal model by OpenAI
August 7, 2025. It is publicly accessible to users of the chatbot products ChatGPT and Microsoft Copilot as well as to developers through the OpenAI API
GPT-5
Online chat service
Zumbl was an online chat service where users could converse with strangers anonymously. Users could "tag" each other on the basis of their conversations
Zumbl
Type of large language model
2018. The company has since released many bigger GPT models. The chatbot ChatGPT, released in late 2022 (using GPT-3.5), was followed by many competitor
Generative pre-trained transformer
Generative_pre-trained_transformer
Period of rapid progress in AI
spring, a term used to differentiate it from previous AI winters. As of 2025, ChatGPT has emerged as the 4th-most visited website globally, surpassed only by
AI_boom
would like to do more acting on George's show. George, Gracie and Blanche chat while driving to Benny's house. 39 13 "Gracie's Engagement Ring" Ralph Levy
List of The George Burns and Gracie Allen Show episodes
List_of_The_George_Burns_and_Gracie_Allen_Show_episodes
Stock Exchange Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa – defence industry Comarch – IT LiveChat Software – IT RTB House – online advertising Tauron Group – electricity distribution
Economy_of_Poland
Group of islands in the South Atlantic
converse" with the islanders, "a stark contrast with the way they had managed to chat with strangers" while travelling in South America. Members of the crew bought
Tristan_da_Cunha
British boxer (1902–1974)
Good Fellow, with the crowd outside joining in. After this the Prince chatted with Jimmy Wilde during the preliminary bouts. On taking the ring, it was
Len_Johnson_(boxer)
Nigerian politician (1920–1983)
visited Buckingham Palace. Aminu was shocked the see the king and queen chatting and mingling freely with the boys which was a stark contrast with the way
Aminu_Kano
Speculative fiction novel series by Matt Dinniman
his ex-girlfriend's cat, Princess Donut, two of the few survivors of the mining, transporting, processing, and consumption of Earth's resources by an alien
Dungeon_Crawler_Carl
2020 text-generating language model
released ChatGPT, which was fine-tuned from a model in the GPT-3.5 series. OpenAI does not include GPT-3.5 in GPT-3. There are three models: Chat gpt-3.5-turbo
GPT-3
Ongoing oil shortage and economic crisis
state-run news outlet Cubadebate. Canadian mining company Sherritt announced that it would pause operations at its mining facility in Moa. On April 12, 2026,
2026_Cuban_crisis
2024 film by Fede Álvarez
2024). "A Secret Predator Movie, An Alien Sequel and Speed 3 on the Table: A Chat with 20th Century Studios Boss Steve Asbell". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived
Alien:_Romulus
In the scene before the credits, a scene is shown where Saami is having a chat with the boy who committed the murder. The scene is shown as a deja-vu where
List of films with post-credits scenes
List_of_films_with_post-credits_scenes
government group chat leak when Jeffrey Goldberg, the editor-in-chief of the American magazine The Atlantic, was added to the chat by Michael Waltz,
Domestic policy of the second Trump administration
Domestic_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Ghost town in Cherokee County, Kansas
Cherokee County, Kansas, United States, and part of the historic Tri-State Mining District. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 138. As of May
Treece,_Kansas
Pakistani actor and singer (born 1981)
(2005) "Dhoom" (2011) "Nishaan" (2003) from Jilawatan "Taqdeer" (2021) "CHIT CHAT: Junaid Khan". Dawn. 3 May 2008. Archived from the original on 26 September
Junaid_Khan_(Pakistani_actor)
Google LLM Apache OpenNLP Apertium – rule-based machine translation platform. ChatScript – natural language engine and dialog management system General Architecture
Lists of open-source artificial intelligence software
Lists_of_open-source_artificial_intelligence_software
Dialect of Teochew spoken in Pontianak, Indonesia
migrants began arriving when the Pontianak Sultanate invited them to engage in mining activities and help revitalize trade. The Teochew people have generally
Pontianak_Teochew
Copyright law in the use of AI
text-to-image models such as Stable Diffusion and large language models such as ChatGPT. State of the art large language models are trained on all the data which
Artificial intelligence and copyright
Artificial_intelligence_and_copyright
Machine learning technique
trying to make ChatGPT safer and less biased". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 4 March 2023. Douglas Heaven, Will (30 November 2022). "ChatGPT is OpenAI's
Reinforcement learning from human feedback
Reinforcement_learning_from_human_feedback
Rings: The Rings of Power' Season 2 Episode 4 Recap: Tom Bombadil Enters the Chat". Collider. Archived from the original on September 5, 2024. Retrieved September
List of The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power characters
List_of_The_Lord_of_the_Rings:_The_Rings_of_Power_characters
and upstream water use, and material impacts from hardware manufacturing, mining and electronic waste. Estimating AI's environmental effects can be difficult
Environmental_impact_of_AI
2026 operation to open the Strait of Hormuz
Strait of Hormuz. U.S. forces also sank 16 Iranian minelayers as Iran was mining the Strait of Hormuz. Over 150 warships across 16 classes of the Iranian
Operation_Project_Freedom
American progressive news and opinion website
of hosting a community of writers and bloggers. Salon closed its online chat board "Table Talk" on June 10, 2011, without stating an official reason for
Salon.com
Bucket wheel excavator built by the German company Krupp
German company Krupp for the energy and mining firm Rheinbraun, is a bucket-wheel excavator or mobile strip mining machine. When its construction was completed
Bagger_288
The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 20 May 2025. Mitchell, Ottilie; Chater, James (22 May 2025). "Three dead, one missing in record Australia flooding"
2025_in_Australia
The 2010 Copiapó mining accident began as a cave-in on 5 August 2010 at the San José copper-gold mine in the Atacama Desert near Copiapó, Chile. The accident
Health issues during the 2010 Copiapó mining accident
Health_issues_during_the_2010_Copiapó_mining_accident
Subset of artificial intelligence
optimisation methods compose the foundations of machine learning. Data mining is a related field of study, focusing on exploratory data analysis (EDA)
Machine_learning
2025 executive order signed by Trump
Lukashenko announced that the country should develop its cryptocurrency mining industry, arguing that the bitcoin reserve in the US is an indication of
U.S. Strategic Bitcoin Reserve
U.S._Strategic_Bitcoin_Reserve
Japanese YouTube celebrity and beatboxer (born 1989)
million). In 2021, he donated 5 million yen (about $31,000) worth of Super Chats to "Support for Preventing COVID-19 Medical Collapse (Yahoo! Fund)" after
Hikakin
Video game distribution platform
update to the friends and chat system was released in July 2018, allowing for non-peer-to-peer chats integrated with voice chat and other features that
Steam_(service)
Arty. 2nd Lt. John Purslow Howells MC Royal West Surrey Reg. Lt. Frederick Chater Jack MC Royal Field Arty. Lt. Thomas Jenkins MC Royal Field Arty. 2nd Lt
1918_New_Year_Honours_(MC)
minority leader from New York, and Raphael Warnock, Senator from Georgia. ChatGPT was deployed to generate many of the posts. The campaign also involved
Misinformation in the Gaza war
Misinformation_in_the_Gaza_war
American lead mining company
Desloge Consolidated Lead Company was a lead mining company in the Southeast Missouri Lead District that was operated by the Desloge family in the 19th
Desloge Consolidated Lead Company
Desloge_Consolidated_Lead_Company
Gallery of presidential portraits in the West Wing of the White House
the relief efforts of the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927. Mentions his mining background and the 1929 Stock Market Crash White House Press Secretary Karoline
Presidential_Walk_of_Fame
History of Native American people
Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz recounted that "...when I asked them from whence the Chat-kas [sic] came, to express the suddenness of their appearance they replied
History_of_the_Choctaw
poet George Clementson Greenwell - A mining engineer, whose writings defined many of the words and terms used in mining Richard Oliver Heslop -
List_of_Geordie_songwriters
Intelligence of machines
Microsoft introduced Copilot Search in February 2023 under the name Bing Chat. Copilot Search provides AI-generated summaries. Google introduced an AI
Artificial_intelligence
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
WhatsApp added a "voice chat" feature for groups with more than 32 members. Unlike their 32-person group calls, starting a voice chat does not call all group
AI that generates content
transformer architecture. Generative AI applications include chatbots such as ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot, DeepSeek, Doubao, Google Gemini, Grok and Qwen; text-to-image
Generative_AI
Peace deal facilitated by the United States in 2025
trade was not used to fund armed groups, to work to develop a world-class mining industry, and to increase cross-border cooperation on mineral supply chains
2025 DRC–Rwanda peace agreement
2025_DRC–Rwanda_peace_agreement
American animated drama television series
UI and a former commissar in the military who took part in Bai Fu's gold-mining scheme. She is the team leader of the Chinese UI trio created by the Beijing
Pantheon_(TV_series)
2011 video game
be offered, including two-factor authentication, blocking cyberbullies in chat, and improved parental controls. The community responded with intense backlash
Minecraft
Office dealing with a large volume of enquiries by telephone
support, text mining, natural language processing to allow better customer handling, agent training via interactive scripting and automatic mining using best
Call_centre
Worldwide protests by Generation Z individuals
September 2025). "Nepal's Social Media Ban Backfires as Politics Moves to a Chat Room". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 September 2025
Gen_Z_protests
Town in Kenya
westerners living in the town engaged in mission activities as well as gold mining at Macalder Mines. Migori holds a special place geographically because of
Migori
Machine learning methods using multiple input modalities
ISSN 2374-3468. "Vicuna: An Open-Source Chatbot Impressing GPT-4 with 90%* ChatGPT Quality | LMSYS Org". lmsys.org. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 2024-08-11.
Multimodal_learning
2025. Retrieved January 7, 2025. "Musk provokes European leaders ahead of chat with German far-right leader". BBC News. January 7, 2025. Archived from the
Political activities of Elon Musk
Political_activities_of_Elon_Musk
Strategies for analysis and use of data
dashboard development, data mining, process mining, complex event processing, business performance management, benchmarking, text mining, predictive analytics
Business_intelligence
1961) July 4 Robert A. Bernhard, banker (b. 1928) Chris Cline, billionaire mining entrepreneur (b. 1958) Bob Gilliland, pilot, first man to fly SR-71 Blackbird
2019 deaths in the United States (July–December)
2019_deaths_in_the_United_States_(July–December)
Ongoing theorised stock market bubble
dot-com bubble. In August 2025, Sam Altman, CEO of OpenAI and creator of ChatGPT, said in August 2025 that he believed that an AI bubble exists. In September
AI_bubble
Polish online media monitoring company
fund owned by the creators of LiveChat, invested in an 11.5% stake in Brand24. Mariusz Ciepły, the CEO of LiveChat Software (later rebranded to Text)
Brand24
British Royal Air Force officer (1915–2000)
the room with inmates. The prisoners overwhelmed the officer. They all chatted away whilst Bruce stole the Aktentasche. This case contained papers. A
Dominic_Bruce
encouraged Western mining investment in Greenland. In 2024, American and Danish officials repeatedly told geologist Barnes's company Tanbreez Mining, developer
Proposed United States acquisition of Greenland
Proposed_United_States_acquisition_of_Greenland
2012 greatest hits album by Midnight Oil
songs that were included in Flat Chat (2006), an 18-track compilation of Midnight Oil's heavier rock songs. (The Flat Chat tracks that do not appear on Essential
Essential_Oils_(album)
Prime Minister of India since 2014
becoming the first Indian politician to interact with citizens on a live chat. Modi regularly wears an ironed, half-sleeved kurta, and his suit has his
Narendra_Modi
Airstrikes and capture of Nicolás Maduro
Venezuelan gold and allow deals with Minarven, Venezuela's state-owned gold mining company. According to the Constitution of Venezuela, in the event of the
2026 United States intervention in Venezuela
2026_United_States_intervention_in_Venezuela
Bilateral investment treaty between Ukraine and the United States
conditions necessary to, among other objectives, increase investment in mining, energy, and related technology in Ukraine by third parties including, but
Ukraine–United States Mineral Resources Agreement
Ukraine–United_States_Mineral_Resources_Agreement
Businessman and philanthropist (born 1957)
Blavatnik's involvement in the matter. Blavatnik was a member of a WhatsApp group chat that existed from November 2023 until early May 2024 involving some of the
Len_Blavatnik
South African businessman and ex-convict
February 2011. Retrieved 18 February 2011. Grange, Helen (6 February 2011). "A chat with 'Sushi King'". Independent Online. Retrieved 18 February 2011. kaBIZOKWAKHE
Kenny_Kunene
South Korean multinational conglomerate
"Tesla warns of coming battery minerals shortage". Glacier Media Group. mining.com. "History". SAMSUNG SDI. Retrieved 15 January 2026. "FAQ | Samsung SDS"
Samsung
Canadian businessman and author (born 1954)
invested in physical gold. However, he does not invest in stocks of gold-mining companies because he says cash flow is an important investment factor to
Kevin_O'Leary
included in a separate Signal chat by mistake; Parents of school-aged children are inundated with thousands of WhatsApp group chat messages from schools or
List of The Weekly with Charlie Pickering episodes
List_of_The_Weekly_with_Charlie_Pickering_episodes
2022 film by Ruben Fleischer
Retrieved November 13, 2019. Hennig, Amy (June 30, 2009). "'Uncharted 2' Live Chat with Naughty Dog". The PlayStation Blog. Sony Computer Entertainment America
Uncharted_(film)
Political party in the United States
chat". POLITICO. October 14, 2025. Retrieved October 15, 2025. Kim, Catherine; McHugh, Calder (October 16, 2025). "The Young Republicans' Leaked Chat
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Mass shooting in British Columbia, Canada
since the École Polytechnique massacre in 1989. Tumbler Ridge is a small mining town with a population of 2,399, according to the 2021 census. Tumbler Ridge
2026_Tumbler_Ridge_shooting
English musician and television personality (born 1958)
the programme Jools Holland, a mix of live and recorded music and general chat, featuring studio guests, along with members of his orchestra. Holland currently
Jools_Holland
Indonesian politician
cooperation, financial asset management and investors. "One time we were chatting, we could bring in investors to help unhealthy companies. Why don't we
Rosan_Roeslani
networked communications, whether Internet bulletin board systems (BBS), chat rooms or social media services like Twitter and Facebook. At the foundational
Networked_advocacy
Country primarily in North America
most-visited websites in the world are Google, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, and ChatGPT—all of them American-owned. Other popular platforms used include X (formerly
United_States
Yemen attacks Houthis FTO designation Operation Rough Rider Signal group chat leaks Ras Isa oil terminal airstrikes Saada prison airstrike Ceasefire Shield
Timeline of the second Trump presidency (2026 Q1)
Timeline_of_the_second_Trump_presidency_(2026_Q1)
Type of machine learning model
downloading the model to execute locally. But it was the consumer-facing chatbot ChatGPT in late 2022 that received extensive media coverage and public attention
Large_language_model
Topics referred to by the same term
American businessman of copper mining in Chile William Braden, an American film-maker best known for Henri, le Chat Noir Bill Braden (born 1954), Canadian
William_Braden
Criminal cartel boss (born 1972)
They found a new home in the mining town of Krugersdorp, where Le Roux's father started a company managing coal-mining operations, soon bringing wealth
Paul_Le_Roux
source used to train generative artificial intelligence (AI) models, such as ChatGPT, for which Wikipedia is valued as a well-curated data set with highly
Reliability_of_Wikipedia
2025 legislation in the United States
50% of public lands that private companies desire to lease for drilling, mining or logging. It cuts the royalties (the share of revenue) that the petroleum
One_Big_Beautiful_Bill_Act
Artificial intelligence tool
exclusively to Microsoft, GitHub's parent company. In November 2023, Copilot Chat was updated to use OpenAI's GPT-4 model. In 2024, Copilot began allowing
GitHub_Copilot
British comedy science fiction programme
years to find that he is the last living human, and that he is alone on the mining spacecraft Red Dwarf—except for a hologram of his deceased bunkmate Arnold
Red_Dwarf
Steel produced prior to the 1940s
produced by humans without "contamination" from large language models such as ChatGPT. Bomb pulse Cosmic background radiation Deionized water Health physics
Low-background_steel
Period of Thai history
Tiger Corps, King Vajiravudh instituted the sacred inseparable trinity of Chat (Nation), Satsana (Buddhist Religion), and Phra Maha Kasat (Monarchy), which
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–1932)
Rattanakosin_Kingdom_(1782–1932)
Large hill in Paris's northern 18th arrondissement
famous for its cafés, guinguettes with public dancing, and cabarets. Le Chat Noir at 84 boulevard de Rochechouart was founded in 1881 by Rodolphe Salis
Montmartre
Ventures Basic materials General mining Vancouver 1981 Molybdenum mining P A Barrick Gold Basic materials Gold mining Toronto 1983 Gold extraction P A
List_of_companies_of_Canada
2021 financial markets event
Robinhood." Robinhood President and COO Jim Swartwout said in an internal chat, "you wouldn't believe the convo we had with Citadel, total mess." The lawsuit
GameStop_short_squeeze
Australian rock band
Blue Sky Mining Scream in Blue (Live) Earth and Sun and Moon Breathe 20,000 Watt R.S.L. Redneck Wonderland The Real Thing Capricornia Flat Chat The Makarrata
Midnight_Oil
Diplomatic crisis over US annexation threats
previously said the country would be open to strengthening its defence and mining ties with the United States and was ready to start a dialogue with the United
Greenland_crisis
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
Boy/Male
Hindu
Brilliant, Brilliant
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Catt.
Boy/Male
Scottish
Catlike.
Female
Thai/Siamese
Thai name NGAM-CHIT means "good heart."
Male
English
Pet form of English Charles, CHAS means "man."
Boy/Male
Hebrew Vietnamese
Hot.
Male
Hebrew
(×—Ö¸×) Hebrew name CHAM means "blackness" or "heat." In the bible, this is the name of Noah's second son. The Anglicized form is Ham.
Boy/Male
Sanskrit Spanish Vietnamese
Shining.
Male
English
Pet form of English Charles, CHAZ means "man."
Male
English
Modern English form of Anglo-Saxon Ceadda, possibly CHAD means "battle."
Boy/Male
English
Peddler; merchant.
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American Celtic English
Name of a saint.
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Life.
Male
English
Pet form of English Chester, CHET means "soldier's camp."
Boy/Male
English American
Camp of the soldiers.
Female
Egyptian
, the sister of the royal scribe User-hat.
Female
Thai/Siamese
Thai name PEN-CHAN means "full moon."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the personal name Chad, from the Old English personal name Ceadda, of unknown origin. St. Chad was a 7th-century archbishop of York.Indian (Gujarat) : Hindu (Bhatia) name of unknown meaning.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Famous
Female
Vietnamese
Vietnamese name CHAU means "pearls."
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
Boy/Male
Hindu
Chief, Leader
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord of the Earth
Boy/Male
Muslim
Bravery, Valor
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Telugu
Sun; The Unblemished Moon
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Deep Insight
Female
Hebrew
(×ֲבִיחַיִל) Variant spelling of Hebrew unisex Abihayil, AVICHAYIL means "father of might."Â
Girl/Female
African, American, Arabic, French, Indian, Iranian, Kannada, Muslim, Parsi, Punjabi, Sikh, Sindhi, Telugu
Faith; Belief; Faithful; Believer of Faith
Girl/Female
American, English
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Hindu
A sage, Father of Shakunthala
Boy/Male
English American
rules by the spear.
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
CHAT MINING
pron., a., conj., &
To introduce, a reason or cause; -- equivalent to for that, in that, for the reason that, because.
n.
A bird of the genus Icteria, allied to the warblers, in America. The best known species are the yellow-breasted chat (I. viridis), and the long-tailed chat (I. longicauda). In Europe the name is given to several birds of the family Saxicolidae, as the stonechat, and whinchat.
n.
A twig, cone, or little branch. See Chit.
pron., a., & adv.
Whatever; whatsoever; what thing soever; -- used indefinitely.
v. t.
To lay down in a chart; to map; to delineate; as, to chart a coast.
v. t.
To cover with a coat or outer garment.
v. i.
To crack or open in slits; as, the earth chaps; the hands chap.
v. t.
To sing or recite after the manner of a chant, or to a tune called a chant.
n.
To burn slightly or partially; as, to char wood.
pron., a., conj., &
As a conjunction, that retains much of its force as a demonstrative pronoun.
n.
Same as Coat of arms. See below.
pron., a., & adv.
Used adjectively, meaning how remarkable, or how great; as, what folly! what eloquence! what courage!
n.
A small South American species of tiger cat (Felis mitis).
n.
Small stones with ore.
n.
A coat card. See below.
interrog. adv.
Why? For what purpose? On what account?
v. t.
To cover with a layer of any substance; as, to coat a jar with tin foil; to coat a ceiling.
v. i.
To practice fraud or trickery; as, to cheat at cards.
v. i.
To sing, as in reciting a chant.
pron., a., & adv.
As an interrogative pronoun, used in asking questions regarding either persons or things; as, what is this? what did you say? what poem is this? what child is lost?