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Turkic tribal confederation
The Bulgars (also Bulghars, Bulgari, Bolgars, Bolghars, Bolgari, Proto-Bulgarians) were Turkic semi-nomadic warrior tribes that flourished in the Pontic–Caspian
Bulgars
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up bulgar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Bulgar may refer to: Bulgars, a historical Turkic group Oghur languages Bulgar language, spoken C7–C14
Bulgar
Medieval Bulgar state on the Volga River
Bulgaria (sometimes referred to as the Volga Bulgar Khanate and Volga Bulgar Emirate) was a historical Bulgar state that existed between the 9th and 13th
Volga_Bulgaria
Extinct Oghur Turkic language
Bulgar (also known as Bulghar, Bolgar, or Bolghar) is the extinct Oghur Turkic language spoken by the Bulgars. The name is derived from the Bulgars, a
Bulgar_language
681–1018 state in Southeast Europe
7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after a group of Bulgars, led by Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans, and secured Byzantine
First_Bulgarian_Empire
Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025
romanized: Basíleios Porphyrogénnētos; 958 – 15 December 1025), given the epithet the Bulgar Slayer, was the senior Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025. He and his brother
Basil_II
Bulgarism is an ideology aimed at the "revival of Bulgars' national identity" and Volga Bulgaria statehood. It originated in the second half of 19th century
Bulgarism
Topics referred to by the same term
Bulgar alphabet may refer to: Kuban alphabet, an alphabet in use in Old Great Bulgaria during the 8th to 13th centuries Bulgarian alphabet, an alphabet
Bulgar_alphabet
Turkic ethnic group in the Volga-Ural region of Russia
historian G. R. Yenikeev criticizes the phenomenon of identifying with Bulgars and thinks, that this happened due to the "pro-western rulers of the Romanov
Volga_Tatars
Mountain range in Turkey
Bolkar Mountains, also known as Bulgar Dagh or Bolghar Dagh, are a mountain range situated in the middle part of the Taurus Mountains complex in southern
Bolkar_Mountains
Cereal food made from groats of different wheat species
Bulgur or borghol is a cracked wheat foodstuff found in Turkish, Middle Eastern and South Asian cuisines, among others. It is a cereal food made from the
Bulgur
Branch of the Turkic languages
The Oghuric, Onoguric, or Oguric languages (also known as Bulgar, Bulgharic, Bolgar, Pre-Proto-Bulgaric, or Lir-Turkic and r-Turkic) are a branch of the
Oghuric_languages
Mosque in Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia
Bulgar Mosque (Russian: Мечеть Булгар; Tatar: Болгар мәчет), is a mosque in Kazan, Tatarstan, Russia. The building is located in a new part of the Tatar
Bulgar_Mosque
5th–7th-century Turkic nomadic group of the Pontic–Caspian steppe
Hunnic had strong ties with Bulgar and to modern Chuvash and refer to this extended Oghuric grouping as separate Hunno-Bulgar languages. However, such speculations
Onogurs
Founding khan of Great Old Bulgaria (r. 632–665)
Κροβατον, Kούβρατος; Bulgarian: Кубрат [koˈbrat]) was the ruler of the Onogur–Bulgars, credited with establishing the confederation of Old Great Bulgaria in
Kubrat
American actress (born 1975)
Soundtrack "Shein VI Di l'Vone" (with Botanica Bulgar Ensemble) Dummy – Soundtrack "Mezinka" (with Botanica Bulgar Ensemble) "Rocket Collecting" (with Danny
Milla_Jovovich
Medieval Bulgarian state (1185–1396)
Romanoktonos (Roman-slayer) after Basil II, who was called Bulgaroktonos (Bulgar-slayer). He quickly allied himself with his brother's murderer, Ivanko.
Second_Bulgarian_Empire
Species of snake
The Mount Bulgar viper (Montivipera bulgardaghica), also called the Bulgardagh viper is a viper species endemic to the mountains of southern Turkey. Like
Mount_Bulgar_viper
Moldovan activist and political prisoner in the former Soviet Union
Alexandru Usatiuc-Bulgăr (15 July 1915 – 3 August 2003) was a Moldovan activist and a political prisoner in the former Soviet Union. Between 1969 and 1971
Alexandru_Usatiuc-Bulgăr
Bulgar Clan
The Dulo clan was a ruling dynasty of the Bulgars, who were of Turkic origin. It is generally considered that their elite was related to the Huns and
Dulo
10th-century Arab traveller and ethnographer
an embassy of the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadir to the king of the Volga Bulgars, known as his risāla ("account" or "journal"). His account is most notable
Ahmad_ibn_Fadlan
Canadian folk music band (1988–2010)
The Flying Bulgars (formerly the Flying Bulgar Klezmer Band) was a Toronto-based Canadian band, which played music rooted in the Jewish music of Eastern
Flying_Bulgar_Klezmer_Band
Founder of the First Bulgarian Empire
Asparuh (also Ispor or (rarely) Isperih) was a Bulgar khan in the second half of the 7th century and is credited with the establishment of the First Bulgarian
Asparuh_of_Bulgaria
Country in Southeastern and Central Europe
mixed population consisting of the Bulgar conquerors, Slavs and Vlachs (or Romanians) but the Slavicisation of the Bulgar elite had already begun in the 9th
Romania
Solar calendar system used by the Bulgarians
The Bulgarian calendar was a solar calendar system used by the Bulgars, who from the 4th century onwards dwelt in the Eurasian steppes north of the Caucasus
Bulgar_calendar
632–668 nomadic empire in Eastern Europe
("Onogur land"), was a 7th-century Turkic nomadic empire formed by the Onogur-Bulgars on the western Pontic–Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest
Old_Great_Bulgaria
717–718 siege of the Byzantine capital
through Asia Minor was ambushed and defeated. Coupled with attacks by the Bulgars on their rear, the Arabs were forced to lift the siege on 15 August 718
Siege of Constantinople (717–718)
Siege_of_Constantinople_(717–718)
Mosque in Cheboksary, Chuvashia, Russia
The Bulgar Mosque (Russian: Мечеть Булгар, Tatar: Болгар мәчет, Chuvash: Пӑлхар мечетӗ) is a mosque in the city of Cheboksary, Chuvashia, Russia. It is
Bulgar_Mosque_(Cheboksary)
Conflicts in the Balkans (499–1355)
in the late 5th century when the Bulgars defeated a 15.000 Roman army led by Magister Aristus (499 AD). The Bulgars permanently conquered parts of the
Byzantine–Bulgarian_wars
1223–1236 invasions of the Bulgar state by the Mongol Empire
The Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria lasted from 1223 to 1236. The Bulgar state, centered in lower Volga and Kama, was the center of the fur trade in
Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria
Mongol_invasion_of_Volga_Bulgaria
Historical ethnic group in Caucasus
east were the similar Utigurs; both may have been closely related to the Bulgars. The Kutrigeers warred with the Byzantine Empire and the Utigurs. Towards
Kutrigurs
Automobile produced in Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Bulgarrenault (or Bulgar Renault) was an joint venture produced in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, and the result of a collaboration between Metalhim (a
Bulgarrenault
Turkic ethnic group
Hunnish had strong ties with Bulgar and to modern Chuvash and refer to this extended grouping as separate Hunno-Bulgar languages. However, such speculations
Chuvash_people
South Slavic ethnic group
Romania, Hungary and Greece. Bulgarians derive their ethnonym from the Bulgars. Their name is not completely understood and difficult to trace back earlier
Bulgarians
Bulgar leader
dark") (fl. 686–711) was a Bulgar leader, one of the chief subordinates and closest supporters of Kuber, a 7th-century Bulgar ruler in Macedonia. After
Mauros
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
Constantinople in the 670s using Greek fire, but suffered a reversal against the Bulgars, who soon established an empire in the northern Balkans. Nevertheless,
Byzantine_Empire
Monarchical state ruled by a khan
contrast to Volga Bulgaria, as both were established by members of the same Bulgar Turkic Dulo clan), but later became fully Slavicized and a Tsardom. Golden
Khanate
1223 battle between Volga Bulgaria and Mongol Empire
of Samara Bend (Russian: Монгольско-булгарское сражение, lit. 'Mongolian-Bulgar battle'), also known as the Battle of Kernek, was the first battle between
Battle_of_Samara_Bend
9th-century conflict between the First Bulgarian Empire and the Serbian Principality
Bulgarian Empire. According to De Administrando Imperio, the Serbs and Bulgars had lived peacefully as neighbours until the Bulgarian invasion in 839
Bulgar–Serb_War_(839–842)
Continent
Visigoths, Goths, Vandals, Huns, Franks, Angles, Saxons, Slavs, Avars, Bulgars, Vikings, Pechenegs, Cumans, and Magyars. Renaissance thinkers such as
Europe
Country in Central Europe
peoples from Siberia and Eastern Europe into their area: Huns, Avars, Bulgars and Magyars). In the 6th century, the Huns had moved westwards into Bohemia
Czech_Republic
Country in Eastern Europe
centre of Old Great Bulgaria. At the end of the century, the majority of Bulgar tribes migrated in different directions, and the Khazars took over much
Ukraine
Country in Southeastern Europe
soldiers of various origins; Bosnians, Albanians, Hungarians, Greeks, Bulgars, perhaps even Catalans (on the Ottoman side)." Somel, S.A. (2010). The
Kosovo
The Grand Duchy of Moscow-Volga Bulgars War of 1376 was organized by princes Dmitry Donskoy of Muscovy, and Dmitry Konstantinovich of Nizhny Novgorod-Suzdal
Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war (1376)
Muscovite–Volga_Bulgars_war_(1376)
Empires of the Eurasian steppes from classical antiquity to the early modern era
groups related to the Bulgars points to an affiliation with Western Eurasian populations. The Bulgars spoke a Turkic language, i.e. Bulgar language of Oghuric
Nomadic_empire
1438–1552 Kazan Tatar state
the Tsardom of Russia. The territory of the Khanate comprised the Muslim Bulgar-populated lands of the Bolğar, Cükätäw, Kazan, and Qaşan duchies and other
Khanate_of_Kazan
Canadian-American ice hockey player (born 2007)
William Bulgar Horcoff (born January 23, 2007) is a Canadian-American college ice hockey player who is a left winger for the Michigan Wolverines of the
Will_Horcoff
Former duchy in modern Tatarstan
The Bulgar Ulus (also the Bulgar Land, the Bulgar Region, the Bulgar Oblast, the Bulgar Vilayat) was an administrative unit (ulus) of the Golden Horde
Qashan_Principality
Official emblem of Tatarstan
Барс [ɑq ˈbɑrs]) or Ak Bars (Russian: Ак Барс [ɐg‿ˈbars]) is an ancient Bulgar symbol, which has served as the official symbol of the Republic of Tatarstan
Aq_Bars
Country in Central Europe
Ogurs'). Onogur was the collective name for the tribes who later joined the Bulgar tribal confederacy that ruled the eastern parts of Hungary after the Avars
Hungary
Twenty-three early medieval gold vessels found in what is now Romania
has been a subject of debate. It has been often compared with the Turkic Bulgar language of the First Bulgarian Empire, attested on several 8th-9th century
Treasure_of_Nagyszentmiklós
7th-century Bulgar leader
(also Kouber or Kuver) was a Bulgar leader who, according to the Miracles of Saint Demetrius, liberated a mixed Bulgar and Byzantine Christian population
Kuber
Unofficial observance, September 22
Saints Historical Arabian Attic Aztec Tōnalpōhualli Xiuhpōhualli Babylonian Bulgar Byzantine Cappadocian Celtic Cham Culāsakaraj Coligny Egyptian Enoch Florentine
Hobbit_Day
War between the First Bulgarian Empire and the Serbian Principality
other in the Bulgar-Serb War (839–42), which resulted in a Serbian victory. Boris sought to avenge that defeat, an in 853 or 854, the Bulgar army led by
Second_Bulgar–Serb_War
Active jihadist group
by a merger of Jamaat Bulgar and Jaish al-Shomal al-Islam in mid-2016 (each made up of Tatar fighters from Russia). Jamaat Bulgar was initially founded
Junud_al-Makhdi
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Russia
of Russian incursions along the Volga, and internecine fights, the Volga Bulgar kings (khagans) were forced to intermittently move their capital to Bilyar
Bolghar
680 battle of the Byzantine-Bulgarian Wars
Island, present-day Tulcea County, Romania. It was fought between the Bulgars of Asparuh of Bulgaria, who had recently invaded the Balkans, and the Byzantine
Battle_of_Ongal
Byzantine Greek inscription
His complete subjugation of the Bulgarian state earned him the epithet "Bulgar-Slayer" by later generations. Initially, he was to be buried in the last
Epitaph on the tomb of Basil II
Epitaph_on_the_tomb_of_Basil_II
Country in Southeastern Europe
Byzantine-Slavic communities. Historical records document that in c. 680 a Bulgar ruler called Kuber led a group of largely Christians called Sermesianoi
North_Macedonia
Settlement
Ongal (or Onglos) was the first settlement of the Asparuh Bulgars after their settlement on the Lower Danube in the second half of the 7th century. The
Ongal
Manuscript containing the names, clans, and reigns of early Bulgar rulers
the names of some early Bulgar rulers, their clans, the year of their ascending to the throne according to the cyclic Bulgar calendar and the length of
Nominalia of the Bulgarian Khans
Nominalia_of_the_Bulgarian_Khans
Species of fungus
Phacidiaceae. It is commonly known by the names poor man's licorice, black bulgar and black jelly drops. It grows on dead trees including oak, hornbeam, and
Bulgaria_inquinans
Period of Byzantine history from 802 to 813
predecessors, Nikephoros (802–811) himself died while campaigning against the Bulgars to the north. Furthermore, Byzantium's influence continued to wane in the
Byzantine Empire under the Nikephorian dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Nikephorian_dynasty
This is a list of libraries in Bulgaria. SS. Cyril and Methodius National Library Central Library of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Central Research
List_of_libraries_in_Bulgaria
Seven-pointed bronze rosette in Bulgaria
a seven-pointed star and 38 mm in diameter. It is inscribed with Proto-Bulgar signs of the Murfatlar type. Each ray is inscribed with two signs and an
Pliska_rosette
1185 uprising against Byzantine rule in the eastern Balkans
Bulgarian Empire and Second Bulgarian Empire State Military Culture Origin Bulgars South Slavs Old Great Bulgaria States First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018)
Uprising_of_Asen_and_Peter
Historical ethnical group
6th century AD. They possibly were closely related to the Kutrigurs and Bulgars. The name Ut(r)igur, recorded as Οὺτ(τ)ρίγουροι, Οὺτούργουροι and Οὺτρίγου
Utigurs
6th century Utigurs leader
of Zabergan's and Sandilch's Bulgars acquired Dacia during the reign of Emperor Maurice. The 17th century Volga Bulgar compilation Ja'far Tarikh (a work
Sandilch
Byzantine emperor from 811 to 813
Nikephoros I (r. 802–811), he survived the disastrous campaign against the Bulgars and was preferred as imperial successor over Staurakios (r. 811–811), who
Michael_I_Rangabe
Leader of Bulgars in Southern Italy
Alcek or Alzeco was allegedly a son of Kubrat and led the Bulgars to Ravenna that later settled in the villages of Gallo Matese, Sepino, Boiano and Isernia
Alcek
Period of Byzantine history from 717 to 802
were less successful in Europe, where they suffered setbacks against the Bulgars, had to give up the Exarchate of Ravenna, and lost influence over Italy
Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty
Medieval rock-cut relief in Bulgaria
late 7th or more often the very early 8th century, during the reign of the Bulgar Khan Tervel. In 1979, the monument was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage
Madara_Rider
Town in Shumen, Bulgaria
campaigns of the emperor Basil the Bulgar-Slayer (r. 960–1025), which ended the First Bulgarian Empire. In 680, Bulgars crossed the Danube and invaded lands
Pliska
Title of Russian monarchs from 1547 to 1721
Siberia, Sovereign of Pskov and Grand Prince of Tver, Yugorsk, Perm, Vyatka, Bulgar and others, Sovereign and Grand Prince of Novgorod of the Lower Land, Chernigov
Tsar_of_all_Russia
Turkic ethnic group of southern Moldova and southwestern Ukraine
"Turkic-speaking old Bulgars". Gagauz agricultural settlers in Uzbekistan called themselves "Eski Bulgarlar" (meaning Old Bulgars) in the 1930s. According
Gagauz_people
2026 Philippine comedy-drama television series
performances of both veteran and younger cast members. Nitz Miralles of Bulgar reported positive reactions from some viewers to the romantic scenes between
Call_My_Manager
Ruler of Volga Bulgaria
have initiated the conversion of the Volga Bulgars to Islam. His son Almış, the most famous Volga Bulgar ruler, was a Muslim and received a caliphal
Şilki
Serbian ruler in the 10th century
immediately became a subject of Byzantium. He successfully fought off a Bulgar campaign, sending war trophies to emperor Romanos. Simeon sent a larger
Zaharija_of_Serbia
Bulgar khan
of Kubrat of the Dulo clan of Bulgars. Following the death of his father, he began to extend the influence of his Bulgars to the Volga River. He is remembered
Kotrag
Duke of The Slavs in Lower Pannonia
827, the Bulgars under Great Khan Omurtag invaded and conquered Lower Pannonia and parts of Frankish territories to the north. In 829 the Bulgars imposed
Ratimir, Duke of Lower Pannonia
Ratimir,_Duke_of_Lower_Pannonia
Country in Southeastern Europe
the 6th century, these territories were settled by the early Slavs. The Bulgars, led by Asparuh, attacked from the lands of Old Great Bulgaria and then
Bulgaria
Historical expansion of Turkic tribes and languages
Turkic tribes. Peripheral Turkic peoples in the Göktürk Empire like the Bulgars and even central ones like the Oghuz and Karluks migrated autonomously
Turkic_migration
Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian: Борис; Belarusian: Барыс) is a male name of Bulgar origin. It is most commonly used in countries in Eastern Europe. It is also
Boris_(given_name)
Title of early Bulgar rulers
possibly read as Kanas Ubigi or Kana Subigi, was a Turkic title of the early Bulgar rulers of the First Bulgarian Empire. Omurtag (814–831) and his son Malamir
Kanasubigi
Biblical figure
to the Avars from the Turks) Balnod (likely scribal error for Bulgar, meaning Bulgars) Savir (Sabirs) The anonymous Jewish author of the medieval historical
Togarmah
Ruler of Volga Bulgaria from 1178 to 1225
the southern border of Volga Bulgaria. The Bulgars retreated and the Mongols pursued them. Then the main Bulgar forces ambushed the Mongols. List of rulers
Ghabdula_Chelbir
Ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire
Bulgarian millet (Turkish: Bulgar Milleti) was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century
Bulgarian_millet
Sub-branch of the Turkic language family
Linguistic classification Turkic Common Turkic Kipchak Subdivisions Kipchak–Cuman Kipchak–Bulgar Kipchak–Nogai Kipchak–Kyrgyz Language codes Glottolog kipc1239
Kipchak_languages
Era names equivalent to AD/BC
Saints Historical Arabian Attic Aztec Tōnalpōhualli Xiuhpōhualli Babylonian Bulgar Byzantine Cappadocian Celtic Cham Culāsakaraj Coligny Egyptian Enoch Florentine
Common_Era
President of Turkey from 1923 to 1938
original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 November 2017. "Atatürk'ün Bulgar aşkı belgesel oldu". Hürriyet. 18 April 2006. Archived from the original
Mustafa_Kemal_Atatürk
Russian author (1884–1937)
Tarto Lev Timofeev Valentin Turchin Andrei Tverdokhlebov Alexandru Usatiuc-Bulgăr Tatyana Velikanova Tomas Venclova Georgi Vins Georgi Vladimov Vladimir Voinovich
Yevgeny_Zamyatin
10th-13th century Central Asian trade
The Volga Bulgarian slave trade took place in the Volga Bulgar Emirate in Central Asia (in modern Eastern Russia). Volga Bulgaria was a buffer state between
Volga_Bulgarian_slave_trade
made by the decree of Peter I in 1722, after he personally visited the Bulgar settlement.link to nowhere, what settlement? In 1831, the orientalist J
Bulgarian epigraphic monuments
Bulgarian_epigraphic_monuments
Historical title for a ruler or military leader
"khan" is not attested directly in inscriptions and texts referring to Bulgar rulers – the only similar title found so far, Kanasubigi, has been found
Khan_(title)
Uzbek Khan from 1428 to 1468
(Turki/Kypchak and Persian: ابو الخیر خان; c. 1412 – 1468), also known as Bulgar Khan, was Khan of the Uzbek Khanate from 1428 to 1468, which united the
Abu'l-Khayr_Khan
European history from the 5th to 15th centuries
Eastern and Western clergy resulted in the conversion of the Moravians, Bulgars, Bohemians, Poles, Magyars, and Slavic inhabitants of the Kievan Rus'.
Middle_Ages
Former empire (c. 1299–1922)
Ethnic map of the Ottoman Empire in 1917. Black = Bulgars and Turks, Red = Greeks, Light yellow = Armenians, Blue = Kurds, Orange = Lazes, Dark Yellow
Ottoman_Empire
Topics referred to by the same term
Bulgarian Empire may refer to: First Bulgarian Empire, medieval Bulgarian state that existed from 681 to 1018 Second Bulgarian Empire, medieval Bulgarian
Bulgarian_Empire
Term
a Russian annalist: "there came from the countries of the East into the Bulgar lands the godless Tatars and sacked the good city of Bolgar and killed everyone
Tatar_(term)
Battle between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire in 811
Empire under Khan Krum in July 811. The Byzantines plundered and burned the Bulgar capital Pliska which gave time for the Bulgarians to block passes in the
Battle_of_Pliska
travel, tourism, insurance
BULGAR
BULGAR
Female
Bulgarian
, the descender.
Female
Bulgarian
, Jehovah's gift (or grace).
Female
Italian
(Bulgarian ÐнтониÑ): Feminine form of Roman Latin Antonius, possibly ANTONIA means "invaluable." In use by the English, Italians and Spanish. Compare with another form of Antonia.
Girl/Female
American, British, Bulgarian, Celtic, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Greek, Swedish
Pure; Virginal; Clear; Form of Catherine
Female
Bulgarian
(Тереза), harvester, reaper.
Female
Bulgarian
, Jehovah's gift (or grace).
Female
Bulgarian
, inestimable.
Surname or Lastname
Bulgarian
Bulgarian : Germanized spelling of Bulgarian BoroffJewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of BoroffEnglish : variant spelling of Borrow.
Male
Polish
(Cyrillic Ðикифор): Bulgarian, Polish and Russian masculine form of Greek unisex Nikephoros, NIKIFOR means "victory-bearer."
Male
German
 Serbian and Slovene form of Greek Markos, MARKO means "defense" or "of the sea." Also in use by the Basques, Bulgarians, Dutch, Finnish, Germans, and Romani. Compare with another form of Marko.
Female
Bulgarian
, queenly.
Female
Bulgarian
, flowers.
Female
Bulgarian
, living.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Old English mynecen ‘nun’ (a derivative of munuc ‘monk’).French : from a diminutive of Picard minche, a dialect form of French mince ‘slender’, ‘thin’.Bulgarian : from a pet form of the female personal name Dimitra, from Greek Dēmētrios (see Demetriou).
Female
Bulgarian
, divine gift.
Female
Bulgarian
, violet.
Female
Bulgarian
(Владимира), ruling the world.
Female
Bulgarian
, flowers.
Female
Bulgarian
, divine gift.
Male
Greek
(Cyrillic Ðикола): A derivative of Greek Nikolaos, NIKOLA means "victor of the people." In wide use throughout Europe: Basque Country, Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Croatia, Hungary, Serbia, Russia, Slovenia, Yugoslavia.
BULGAR
BULGAR
BULGAR
BULGAR
BULGAR
BULGAR
BULGAR
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