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Form of iron ore deposited in bogs
Bog iron is a form of impure iron deposit that develops in bogs or swamps by the chemical or biochemical oxidation of iron carried in solution. In general
Bog_iron
Type of wetland with peat-rich soil
wetlands Bog body – Corpse preserved in a bog Bog butter – Ancient substance found in peat bogs Bog iron – Form of iron ore deposited in bogs Irish Peatland
Bog
Corpse preserved in a bog
A bog body is a cadaver that has been naturally mummified in a peat bog. Such bodies, sometimes known as bog people, are both geographically and chronologically
Bog_body
Hydrated iron oxide mineral
to its occurrence as bog iron ore in meadows and marshes. In its brown form, it is sometimes called brown hematite or brown iron ore. Limonite is relatively
Limonite
Historical period in Scandinavia
natural resource, but with new techniques, iron production from bog iron (mostly in Denmark) slowly gained ground. Iron is a versatile metal and was suitable
Iron_Age_Scandinavia
is a list of bog bodies. Bog bodies, or bog people, are the naturally preserved corpses of humans and some animals recovered from peat bogs. The bodies
List_of_bog_bodies
Coastal pine barrens in southern New Jersey, United States
operations began in the Pine Barrens, and the first iron furnace opened in 1765. Bog iron was mined from bogs, streams, and waterways, and was worked in about
New_Jersey_Pine_Barrens
Historic site on the Atlantic coast of Canada
bog iron ore in Newfoundland. The cracked boulder, surrounding ash, and bog iron ore found in 2015 was thought by Parcak to be evidence of Norse bog iron
Point_Rosee
Howell Works (later the Howell Works Company) was a bog iron-based production facility for pig iron which was established in New Jersey in the early 19th
Howell_Works
mines supplied iron furnaces scattered throughout the colonies in the 1700s. Bog iron ore common around the Chesapeake Bay fed numerous iron furnaces in
Iron mining in the United States
Iron_mining_in_the_United_States
Scientific publication about bog body finds
The Bog People: Iron-Age Man Preserved is an archaeological study of the bog bodies of Northern Europe written by the Danish archaeologist P. V. Glob.
The_Bog_People
Basic material that is used to produce other things
exporters of Iron ore are Australia, Brazil, South Africa, Canada, and Ukraine. One of the first sources of iron ore is bog iron. Bog iron takes the form
Raw_material
Bacteria deriving energy from dissolved iron
iron-oxidizing bacteria population. Groundwater may be naturally de-oxygenated by decaying vegetation in swamps. Useful mineral deposits of bog iron ore
Iron-oxidizing_bacteria
Type of furnace once used widely for smelting iron from its oxides
the iron content of the primary bog iron ore found in the purpose built 'furnace hut' with the iron remaining in that slag, an estimated 3 kg iron bloom
Bloomery
Ore rich in iron or the element Fe
available goethite or bog ore, for example, during the American Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. Historically, much of the iron ore used by industrialized
Iron_ore
Iron Age bog body from Ireland
Old Croghan Man (Irish: Seanfhear Chruacháin) is a well-preserved Iron Age bog body discovered in June 2003 during commercial peat cutting near Croghan
Old_Croghan_Man
Sedimentary rocks containing 15 wt.% or more iron
which divides iron-rich sedimentary rocks into three categories: bog iron deposits, ironstones, and iron formations. A bog-iron deposit is iron that formed
Iron-rich_sedimentary_rocks
Fe(II) phosphate mineral
organic material such as peat, lignite, bog iron ores and forest soils (all). Bones and teeth buried in peat bogs are sometimes replaced by vivianite. Some
Vivianite
mid-1840s, using charcoal fuel and locally mined bog iron to make a variety of cast products as well as pig iron. For most of its operating history, it was
Martha_Furnace_(New_Jersey)
Accumulation of partially decayed vegetation
vegetation or organic matter. It is unique to natural areas called peatlands, bogs, mires, moors, or muskegs. Sphagnum moss, also called peat moss, is one of
Peat
Prussian blue deposit formed in soils contaminated by effluents of chemical industry
hydrogen cyanide, the purifier, passed the gas over trays of ferric oxide as bog iron ore, similar to red rust, which removed sulfur and cyanide compounds and
Blue_billy
Lake in New Jersey, United States
most lakes and ponds in the area are brownish due to large deposits of bog iron and the presence of tannic acid. The Blue Hole is circular and about 70
Blue_Hole_(New_Jersey)
Bog in Himmerland, Denmark
Borremose is a raised bog in central Himmerland, Denmark south east of the town of Aars. The name translates directly as 'Borre'-bog, where 'Borre' might
Borremose
Last stage of the prehistoric period and the first of the protohistoric periods
typically involved the harvesting of bog iron. The Scandinavian peninsula, Finland and Estonia show sophisticated iron production from c. 500 BC. Metalworking
Iron_Age_Europe
Bog body of an Iron Age man found in England
Lindow II and (in jest) as Pete Marsh, is the preserved bog body of a man discovered in a peat bog at Lindow Moss near Wilmslow in Cheshire, North West England
Lindow_Man
United States historic place
on the property by Issac Palmer. The village was later established as a bog iron furnace originally known as Williamsburg Forge 'Monmouth Furnace' was then
Allaire_Village
Largest state forest in the U.S. state of New Jersey
The forest is also the location of the historic Batsto Village, a former bog iron and glass manufacturing site from 1766 to 1867. The forest includes extensive
Wharton_State_Forest
Wood from trees preserved in peat bogs
Bog-wood (also spelled bogwood or bog wood), also known as abonos and, especially amongst pipe smokers, as morta, is a material from trees that have been
Bog-wood
has media related to Bog. Differences between bogs and other wetlands Muskeg Fen Bog body Bog iron Bog snorkelling List of bog bodies Keddy, P.A. 2010
List_of_bogs
formation of more companies, which built numerous iron furnaces around Chesapeake Bay, supplied by bog iron ore, which was widespread. By 1751, Virginia and
History of the iron and steel industry in the United States
History_of_the_iron_and_steel_industry_in_the_United_States
Iron Age Irish bog body
Clonycavan Man is an Iron Age bog body discovered in 2003 in Clonycavan, near Ballivor, County Meath, Ireland. Radiocarbon dating indicates that he died
Clonycavan_Man
Iron Age bog body from Denmark
Grauballe Man is an Iron Age bog body discovered on 26 April 1952 in a peat bog near the village of Grauballe in Jutland, Denmark. The body, which dates
Grauballe_Man
Protected area in Minnesota, US
Iron Springs Bog SNA is a scientific and natural area (SNA) of Minnesota, United States. It is located in Clearwater County and spans 231 acres. Iron
Iron_Springs_Bog_SNA
their Central European Celtic neighbours. Iron was extracted from bog iron in peat bogs, and the first iron objects to be fabricated were needles and
Archaeology of Northern Europe
Archaeology_of_Northern_Europe
Iron age bog body from Denmark
Haraldskjaer Woman) is a bog body of a woman preserved in a bog in Jutland, Denmark, and dating from about 490 BC (pre-Roman Iron Age). Workers found the
Haraldskær_Woman
Partially abandoned city in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine
cooper among others. Near Chernobyl has been excavated bog iron, out of which was produced iron. The village was granted to Filon Kmita, a captain of the
Chernobyl
Populated place in Burlington County, New Jersey, US
11, 1770. p. 4. Pierce, Arthur (1957). Iron in the Pines: The Story of New Jersey's Ghost Towns and Bog Iron. Rutgers University Press. p. 33.{{cite
Atsion,_New_Jersey
Iron(III) oxide-hydroxide named in honor to the poet Goethe
Goethe (1749–1832). Goethite is an iron oxyhydroxide containing ferric iron. It is the main component of rust and bog iron ore. Goethite's hardness ranges
Goethite
Nomadic Iranic people of the Pontic Steppe
been imported from the Ural Mountains and the Caucasus. Iron was meanwhile smelted out of bog iron ores obtained from the swampy regions on the lower Dnipro
Scythians
supplemented by livestock and hunting. Metalworking thrived using local bog iron, producing tools, weapons, and jewelry. Trade with the Khazars and Byzantium
Don_Slavs
Iron Age bog body from Denmark
characterised in Scandinavia as the Pre-Roman Iron Age. The mummy, found in 1950, was preserved as a bog body near Silkeborg on the Jutland peninsula in
Tollund_Man
Iron Age bog body found in Ireland
Gallagh Man is the name given to a preserved Iron Age bog body found in County Galway, Ireland, in 1821. The remains date to c. 470–120 BC, and are of
Gallagh_Man
Water deity of Finnish mythology
hytty, pile of fat' *Hytty has meant structures in which tar was burned or bog iron was processed Ingria Vien kaunone kananen 'Beautiful chicken of water'
Ahti
Iron Age bog body found in Denmark
is an Iron Age bog body discovered in 1947 in the Borremose peat bog in Himmerland, Denmark. The second of three bog bodies recovered from the bog between
Borremose_II
Iron Age bog body found in Denmark
Elling Woman is a bog body of a woman who died during the Pre-Roman Iron Age and whose remains were discovered in 1938 in the Bjældskovdal bog, west of Silkeborg
Elling_Woman
Earliest phase of European settlement in the Americas
thought. Bog iron was widely used and smelted in forges on Greenland, but because no ores were present near the Eastern or Western Settlements, the iron had
Norse settlement of North America
Norse_settlement_of_North_America
Village in Massachusetts, United States
It derived its name from plentiful bog iron found here which helped Uxbridge to become a center for three iron forges in the town's earliest settlement
Ironstone,_Massachusetts
American archaeologist (born 1978)
"turf wall and roasted bog" iron ore; however, an excavation conducted in 2016 proved that the "turf wall and accumulation of bog iron ore" were actually
Sarah_Parcak
Place in Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland
historical region of Lower Silesia, Małomice had been a centre of smelting bog iron by bloomery hearths since medieval times. Małomice originated as a Slavic
Małomice
Abandoned Middle Age Norse settlements
storehouses and farm buildings. This also included a forge where traces of bog iron were found. Connected to the property was a harbour with boat sheds on
Norse settlements in Greenland
Norse_settlements_in_Greenland
International treaty for the conservation and sustainable utilization of wetlands
Blackwater river Bofedales Bog Blanket bog Cataract bog Coastal bog Kermi bog Plateau bog Polygonal bog Raised bog String bog Upland bog Callows Carr Alder carr
Ramsar_Convention
Outdoor museum near Snow Hill, Maryland, United States
importantly the Nassawango Iron Furnace, an early 19th-century brick blast furnace that was used to smelt bog iron ore to make pig iron. Other buildings, all
Furnace Town Living Heritage Museum
Furnace_Town_Living_Heritage_Museum
Military defensive construction
between the Middle Bronze Age (MB) and Iron Age II, being more numerous during the Iron Age and peaking in Iron Age II (10th–6th century BC). However,
Fortification
Archaeological site in Delaware, United States
Grove) established in what is now southern Delaware for processing bog iron into wrought iron. It was established by Jonathan Vaughn, who came from Pennsylvania
Deep_Creek_Furnace_Site
forms part of other Iron Age votive offerings from the period of bog deposits in Scandinavia. Almost all Scandinavian Iron Age bog deposits have been found
Roman Iron Age weapon deposits
Roman_Iron_Age_weapon_deposits
Tributary of the San Juan River in the US states of Colorado and New Mexico
al. (2003). Ferricrete, manganocrete, and bog iron occurrences with selected sedge bogs and active iron bogs and springs in the upper Animas River watershed
Animas_River
American Founding Father and politician
manufacturing empire. Broom was also involved in an unsuccessful scheme to mine bog iron ore. A further interest was internal improvements: toll roads, canals,
Jacob_Broom
Early 19th-century ironworks in Ontario, Canada
750 tons of cast and wrought iron goods a year, among them the Van Norman cooking stove. The furnace drew on local bog iron ore. Its demand for ore and
Normandale_Furnace
Township in Warren County, New Jersey, US
constructed at a site where iron ore was mined. Other furnaces used ore extracted from bogs in South Jersey, impure deposits called bog iron. Oxford Furnace operated
Oxford_Township,_New_Jersey
Lake in New Jersey, US
of an iron forge making bog iron in American Revolutionary times, and produced materiel for American forces. After the war, the area produced iron stoves
Atsion_Lake
Largest tributary of the Pocomoke River in Maryland, USA
became an early industrial blast furnace operation, where bog iron ore was smelted to make pig iron at Furnacetown during the first half of the 19th century
Nassawango_Creek
Town in Wisconsin, United States
Extensive Bog iron ore bed on same section a short distance above said milling Establishment - specimen appears very rich & heavy. The mill and bog iron were
Rudolph_(town),_Wisconsin
American political family
Benjamin Taft started the first iron forge in the Ironstone section of Uxbridge in 1734 There was good quality "bog iron ore" here. Caleb Handy added a
Taft_family
English colonial venture in America (1620–1691)
the county, incorporated in 1639 and grew due to the early discovery of bog iron. Bristol, incorporated in 1680 and including the former locations of Sowams
Plymouth_Colony
Iron Age bog body
1897 in the Stijfveen peat bog near the village of Yde, Drenthe, in the present-day Netherlands. She is one of the best-known bog bodies from northwestern
Yde_Girl
Bog and iron age deposit site in north Germany
is a peat bog in which the Angles deposited votive offerings for approximately four centuries. It is the location of important Roman Iron Age finds,
Thorsberg_moor
English colony in present-day US
excavations was that iron smelting had been done in the Popham Colony, presumably using local bog iron. This might have been the earliest iron smelting in what
Popham_Colony
River in Massachusetts, United States
historically used by the Pocasset Iron Foundry (1822–81) and Tahanto Art Works (1882–1900), which made use of the native bog iron. In 1980 the Pocasset River
Pocasset River (Massachusetts)
Pocasset_River_(Massachusetts)
Iron Age bog body found in Lower Saxony, Germany
The Girl of the Uchter Moor, also known as Moora, is a female Iron Age bog body discovered in 2000 in marshland near Uchte, Germany. The remains include
Girl_of_the_Uchter_Moor
areas of Scandinavia, a wide variety of items were deposited in lakes and bogs from the Mesolithic period through to the Middle Ages. Such items include
Wetland deposits in Scandinavia
Wetland_deposits_in_Scandinavia
Mineral composed of iron(II) carbonate
with goethite, also forms in bog iron deposits, but these are small and economically minor. Both ironstones and banded iron formations are sedimentary formations
Siderite
Settlement in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
is a monument at the site of the massacre. The village was a place of bog iron mining. "Główny Urząd Statystyczny" [Central Statistical Office]. Statistics
Grabina,_Gmina_Zagórów
City in Indiana, United States
discovery of bog iron deposits at the beginning of the 1830s. Settlers arriving to mine the deposits founded the town of St. Joseph Iron Works in 1831
Mishawaka,_Indiana
Pond in Carver, Massachusetts, United States
the early 19th century Carver was a big producer of bog iron. Sampsons Pond was dug out for its iron ore. This accounts for the rusty color seen in the
Sampsons_Pond
Iron Age bog body found in Denmark
Man, also known as Borremose I, is an Iron Age bog body discovered during peat cutting in 1946 in the Borremose bog in Himmerland, Denmark. He was the first
Borremose_Man
County in New Jersey, United States
the Pine Barrens. Bog iron furnaces opened in the early 1800s, but declined by the 1850s due to the growth of the Philadelphia iron industry. Around this
Atlantic_County,_New_Jersey
City in Delaware, United States
suggests that the region east of contemporary Seaford was significant for bog iron production. The City Seal of Seaford was originally designed in 1961 by
Seaford,_Delaware
City in Massachusetts, United States
center of an important iron-making industry, utilizing much bog iron from the numerous swamps in the surrounding area. The iron industry in Taunton produced
Taunton,_Massachusetts
Township in Monmouth County, New Jersey, US
known as the Howell Works in Wall, and though it was the largest producing bog iron manufacturing site in New Jersey by 1836, the ironworks were shut down
Wall_Township,_New_Jersey
Bog body found in Lower Saxony, Germany
preserved body of a young child from the Iron Age, discovered in 1922 in the Kayhauser Moor, a raised sphagnum bog in Lower Saxony, Germany. He is one of
Kayhausen_Boy
Former Finnish province (1812–1945)
Petrograd–Hiitola railroad in 1917. Granite, marble (in Ruskeala) and bog iron mining as well as logging were important branches of industry. Starting
Viipuri_Province
German bog body
Damendorf Man is a Roman Iron Age bog body discovered on 28 May 1900 in the Seemoor near Damendorf, Schleswig-Holstein, northern Germany. The remains are
Damendorf_Man
Pair of Iron Age bog bodies
The Weerdinge Men are a pair of remarkably well preserved Iron Age bog bodies discovered on 29 June 1904 in the southern part of the Bourtange moor near
Weerdinge_Men
Iron Age bog body found in Denmark
Huldre Fen Woman, is the naturally preserved body of an Iron Age woman discovered in 1879 in a peat bog near Ramten, Jutland, Denmark. Radiocarbon dating places
Huldremose_Woman
Village in Coventry, Rhode Island, U.S.
center of the town. In the 18th century Bog iron was mined in Maroon Swamp (named after the color of the iron deposits), an area now known as Stump Pond
Coventry_Centre,_Rhode_Island
Town in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
begin to flourish. Like Torgelow where, after the discovery of bog iron, several iron foundries were built, Ueckermünde saw the construction of roughly
Ueckermünde
Town in the United States
of 1812. The town's early industry revolved around farming, as well as bog iron and quarrying. Mills also popped up along the rivers during the nineteenth
Hanson,_Massachusetts
Community in New Jersey, US
and Charles Shoemaker purchased the land in 1800. Iron production began in 1802, using local bog iron and charcoal as fuel. By the 1850s, it had grown
Mays_Landing,_New_Jersey
County in Maryland, United States
Early industrial activity included the smelting of bog iron ore in a brick blast furnace to make pig iron at Furnacetown in the first half of the 19th century
Worcester_County,_Maryland
Town in Massachusetts, United States
Pembroke Iron Works was established in 1720 and used bog iron taken from the surface of rocks on the bottom of the ponds, swamps, and bogs. Ice was cut
Pembroke,_Massachusetts
exists today. The name of the castle is probably derived from the material, bog iron, used for its construction and known in common parlance as Bunke. The castle
Bunkenburg
are a feature of similar finds on the south coast of the Moray Firth. Bog iron is widespread in upland Scotland and formed a key resource for early metal
Scotland_in_the_Iron_Age
lying in a bog near the local vicarage, an account which was verified (to some degree) when the two famous Dejbjerg wagons from the Early iron age were
Dejbjerg_wagon
River in New Jersey, United States
concentrations in the younger formations, and some bog iron is seen. There is no rock, though some iron-bearing sand has become concreted and rock-like.
Big_Timber_Creek
Village in North Karelia, Finland
industry and an important marketplace. The ironworks used bog iron extracted from the Ilajansuo bog and 61 different lakes, of which the most important was
Möhkö
Town in Massachusetts, United States
efforts. Peter Emerick summarized the history of policing in Uxbridge. Bog iron and iron forges marked the colonial era, with the inception of large-scale
Uxbridge,_Massachusetts
Middle Devonian age unit of sedimentary rock
pyrite inclusions also deposited a form of bog iron near several outcrops of the Marcellus. In the 19th century, iron ore from these deposits was used as a
Marcellus_Formation
Township in Ocean County, New Jersey, US
the same area, Jesse Richards had an iron-smelting operation known as Washington Furnace, using the local bog iron ore. The ironworks were revived in 1833
Lakewood_Township,_New_Jersey
Census-designated place in Connecticut, United States
Brook. Bog iron was discovered early in the settlement's history, and furnaces were built to smelt the ore for iron castings and tools. This early iron industry
Stafford_Springs,_Connecticut
including bog iron extracted from the ore in peat bogs (moeras ijzererts) in the north, the natural iron-bearing balls found in the Veluwe and the red iron ore
Prehistory_of_the_Netherlands
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