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Expected change in price of a stock relative to the whole market
In finance, the beta (β or market beta or beta coefficient) is a statistic that measures the expected increase or decrease of an individual stock price
Beta_(finance)
Probability distribution
I a , a I α , c I α , β I β , c − I α , a I α , c I β , a I β , c + I a , c I α , α I β , a I β , c − I c , c I α , a 2 I β , β + 2 I a , c I α , a I
Beta_distribution
Kakatiya ruler
Beta I (r. c. 1000–1052), also known as Garudanka Beta or Garuda Beta, was a member of the Kakatiya dynasty of southern India. His father Gunda IV was
Beta_I
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
Hyundai Beta engines are 1.6 L to 2.0 L I4 built in Ulsan, South Korea. All Beta engines are dual overhead camshaft valvetrain (DOHC) design. The Beta engine
Hyundai_Beta_engine
Standard division algorithm for multi-digit numbers
r_{i}=d_{i}-m\beta _{i}=br_{i-1}+\alpha _{i+l-1}-m\beta _{i}} q i = b q i − 1 + β i {\displaystyle q_{i}=bq_{i-1}+\beta _{i}} There only exists one such β i {\displaystyle
Long_division
Probability distribution
component X i ∼ Beta ( α i , α 0 − α i ) {\displaystyle X_{i}\sim \operatorname {Beta} (\alpha _{i},\alpha _{0}-\alpha _{i})} , a Beta distribution
Dirichlet_distribution
Finance model linking expected return to systematic risk
{\displaystyle \beta } is the exposure to changes in the value of the Market. SML : E ( R i ) = R f + β i ( E ( R M ) − R f ) {\displaystyle {\text{SML}}:E(R_{i})=R_{f}+\beta
Capital_asset_pricing_model
Mathematical framework for investment risk
that ∑ i w i = 1 {\displaystyle \sum _{i}w_{i}=1} , and we hold the assets according to w T R = ∑ i w i R i {\displaystyle w^{T}R=\sum _{i}w_{i}R_{i}} .
Modern_portfolio_theory
Second letter of the Greek alphabet
Beta (UK: /ˈbiːtə/, US: /ˈbeɪtə/ ; uppercase Β, lowercase β, or cursive ϐ; Ancient Greek: βῆτα, romanized: bē̂ta or Greek: βήτα, romanized: víta) is the
Beta
Method for estimating parameters
2}{\hat {\beta }}_{i,F_{2}}+\cdots +\gamma _{1,m}{\hat {\beta }}_{i,F_{m}}+\epsilon _{i,1}\\R_{i,2}=\gamma _{2,0}+\gamma _{2,1}{\hat {\beta }}_{i,F_{1}}+\gamma
Fama–MacBeth_regression
= ∏ i ( q i − γ i ) β i {\displaystyle U=\prod _{i}(q_{i}-\gamma _{i})^{\beta _{i}}} where U {\displaystyle U} is utility, q i {\displaystyle q_{i}} is
Stone–Geary_utility_function
Type of radioactive decay
In nuclear physics, beta decay (β-decay) is a type of radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits a beta particle (fast energetic electron or positron)
Beta_decay
Discontinued Analog video cassette recording format
Betamax (also known as Beta, and stylized as the Greek letter β in its logo) is a discontinued consumer analog videocassette recording format developed
Betamax
Statistical model for pairwise comparisons
{e^{\beta _{i}}}{e^{\beta _{i}}+e^{\beta _{j}}}}={\frac {1}{1+e^{\beta _{j}-\beta _{i}}}}.} Alternatively, one can use a logit, such that logit Pr ( i >
Bradley–Terry_model
Bet sizing formula for long-term growth
most promising) outcomes: e r i = D p i β i = p i ( Q i + 1 ) {\displaystyle er_{i}={\frac {Dp_{i}}{\beta _{i}}}=p_{i}(Q_{i}+1)} Reorder the outcomes so
Kelly_criterion
Method to evaluate polynomials in Bernstein form
_{i=0}^{n}\beta _{i}b_{i,n}(t),} where b {\displaystyle b} is a Bernstein basis polynomial b i , n ( t ) = ( n i ) ( 1 − t ) n − i t i . {\displaystyle b_{i,n}(t)={n
De_Casteljau's_algorithm
{l^{*}}{T_{p}}}+\sum _{i=1}^{6}{\frac {\beta _{i}}{1+\lambda _{i}T_{p}}}}{{\frac {l^{*}}{3600}}+\sum _{i=1}^{6}{\frac {\beta _{i}}{1+\lambda _{i}3600}}}}} [Equation
Inhour_equation
Statistical method
\min _{\beta _{0},\beta }\left\{\left\|y-\beta _{0}-X\beta \right\|_{2}^{2}\right\}{\text{ subject to }}\|\beta \|_{1}\leq t,} where ‖ u ‖ p = ( ∑ i = 1 N
Lasso_(statistics)
Type of electronic amplifier
basic Kirchhoff's laws: I x = V i n R i n + β i o u t . {\displaystyle I_{x}={\frac {V_{\mathrm {in} }}{R_{\mathrm {in} }}}+\beta i_{\mathrm {out} }\ .}
Negative-feedback_amplifier
Hypothetical FTL transportation by warping space
i β i ) d t 2 + 2 β i d x i d t + γ i j d x i d x j , {\displaystyle ds^{2}=-\left(\alpha ^{2}-\beta _{i}\beta ^{i}\right)\,dt^{2}+2\beta _{i}\,dx^{i}\
Alcubierre_drive
Period of competition
When Betamax was introduced in Japan and the United States in 1975, its Beta I speed of 1.57 inches per second (ips) offered a higher horizontal resolution
Videotape_format_war
Method for model fitting in statistics
i , β ) {\displaystyle f(x_{i},{\boldsymbol {\beta }})} : r i ( β ) = y i − f ( x i , β ) . {\displaystyle r_{i}({\boldsymbol {\beta }})=y_{i}-f(x_{i}
Weighted_least_squares
Optimization algorithm
define β i := ρ i y i ⊤ z i {\displaystyle \beta _{i}:=\rho _{i}y_{i}^{\top }z_{i}} and z i + 1 = z i + ( α i − β i ) s i {\displaystyle z_{i+1}=z_{i}+(\alpha
Limited-memory_BFGS
Establish relationships between homology and cohomology theories
( X ) ⊕ T i , {\displaystyle H_{i}(X;\mathbb {Z} )\cong \mathbb {Z} ^{\beta _{i}(X)}\oplus T_{i},} where β i ( X ) {\displaystyle \beta _{i}(X)} are the
Universal_coefficient_theorem
Networks with multiple kinds of relations
{\displaystyle \Phi _{j\beta }=aM_{j\beta }^{i\alpha }\Phi _{i\alpha }+bu_{j\beta }} , where δ j β i α = δ j i δ β α {\displaystyle \delta _{j\beta }^{i\alpha }=\delta
Multidimensional_network
Angular momentum in special and general relativity
^{2}}}\right)\beta ^{k}\beta _{i}\right]cN^{i}+-\gamma \beta ^{j}\left[{\delta ^{k}}_{i}+{\frac {\gamma -1}{\beta ^{2}}}\beta ^{k}\beta _{i}\right]\varepsilon
Relativistic_angular_momentum
Measure of financial risk
portfolio i {\textstyle i} , r f {\textstyle r_{f}} is the risk free rate, and β i {\textstyle \beta _{i}} is the beta of portfolio i {\textstyle i} . Taking
Treynor_ratio
Frame field in general relativity
\quad R_{\alpha \beta }={R_{\alpha \gamma I}}^{J}e_{\beta }^{I}e_{J}^{\gamma },\quad R={R_{\alpha \beta }}^{IJ}e_{I}^{\alpha }e_{J}^{\beta }} for the Riemann
Tetradic_Palatini_action
Economic model
E[Rp]=\sum _{i}w_{i}\alpha _{i}+\beta _{p}E[Rm]} ; where β p = ∑ i w i β i {\displaystyle \beta _{p}=\sum _{i}w_{i}\beta _{i}} and E [ R i ] = r i − r f {\displaystyle
Single-index_model
Probability distribution
( ∏ i = 1 n | a i | y i a i p i − 1 ) ( ∏ i = 1 n β i a i p i ) Γ ( p i ) ) e − ∑ i = 1 n ( y i β i ) a i = ∏ i = 1 n G G ( y i ; a i , β i , p i ) {\displaystyle
Generalized_beta_distribution
Unitary matrix containing information on the weak interaction
α , β ; i , j ) ≡ Im ( V α i V β j V α j ∗ V β i ∗ ) {\displaystyle \;(\alpha ,\beta ;i,j)\equiv \operatorname {Im} (V_{\alpha i}V_{\beta j}V_{\alpha
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa_matrix
Mathematical term
′ = ∑ | I | = p ( P I + r I ) d z I {\displaystyle \beta _{k}-\beta '_{k+1}=\sum _{|I|=p}(P_{I}+r_{I})dz_{I}} where P I {\displaystyle P_{I}} are polynomials
Dolbeault_cohomology
Algorithm in mathematics
{\displaystyle i} at time t {\displaystyle t} . We calculate β i ( t ) {\displaystyle \beta _{i}(t)} as, β i ( T ) = 1 , {\displaystyle \beta _{i}(T)=1,} β i ( t
Baum–Welch_algorithm
Undecidable decision problem introduced by Emil Post
k} , such that α i 1 … α i K = β i 1 … β i K . {\displaystyle \alpha _{i_{1}}\ldots \alpha _{i_{K}}=\beta _{i_{1}}\ldots \beta _{i_{K}}.} The decision
Post_correspondence_problem
Simple quantum mechanical system
given by H = ( ε 1 β − i γ β + i γ ε 2 ) , {\displaystyle \mathbf {H} ={\begin{pmatrix}\varepsilon _{1}&\beta -i\gamma \\\beta +i\gamma &\varepsilon _{2}\end{pmatrix}}
Two-state_quantum_system
Financial calculation
obtained by rewriting it as: α J = ( R i − R f ) − β i M ⋅ ( R M − R f ) {\displaystyle \alpha _{J}=(R_{i}-R_{f})-\beta _{iM}\cdot (R_{M}-R_{f})} If we define
Jensen's_alpha
Mathematical notation
\alpha \pm \beta =(\alpha _{1}\pm \beta _{1},\,\alpha _{2}\pm \beta _{2},\ldots ,\,\alpha _{n}\pm \beta _{n})} Partial order α ≤ β ⇔ α i ≤ β i ∀ i ∈ { 1 ,
Multi-index_notation
Matrix with nonzero elements on the main diagonal and the diagonals above and below it
b n ) = ( a min ( i , j ) b max ( i , j ) ) {\displaystyle {\begin{pmatrix}\alpha _{1}&-\beta _{1}\\-\beta _{1}&\alpha _{2}&-\beta _{2}\\&\ddots &\ddots
Tridiagonal_matrix
Study of motions and interactions of neutrons
( r , t ) , {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial C_{i}}{\partial t}}({\mathbf {r}},t)dt={\tilde {\beta }}_{i}({\mathbf {r}})\int _{0}^{\infty }dE\nu _{p}({\mathbf
Neutron_transport
Process necessary for BJT amplifiers to work correctly
obtain I c {\textstyle I_{\text{c}}} as well: I c = β I b . {\displaystyle I_{\text{c}}=\beta I_{\text{b}}\,.} Now Vce can be determined: V ce = V cc − I c
Bipolar_transistor_biasing
Non-linear regression method
generalised linear regression: g ( μ i ) = x i T β i = η i , {\displaystyle g(\mu _{i})=x_{i}^{T}\beta _{i}=\eta _{i},} where g {\displaystyle g} is a link
Beta_regression
Statistical model for a binary dependent variable
[Y_{i}\mid x_{1,i},\ldots ,x_{m,i}])=\operatorname {logit} (p_{i})=\ln \left({\frac {p_{i}}{1-p_{i}}}\right)=\beta _{0}+\beta _{1}x_{1,i}+\cdots +\beta _{m}x_{m
Logistic_regression
Beta 1 was a non-rigid airship constructed for experimental purposes in the United Kingdom by the Army Balloon Factory in 1910. Reconstructed as Beta
British_Army_airship_Beta
Canonical differential form
{\displaystyle \beta } be a 1-form on Q . {\displaystyle Q.} β {\displaystyle \beta } is a section β : Q → T ∗ Q . {\displaystyle \beta :Q\to T^{*}Q.}
Tautological_one-form
American economist
systematic risk, or beta. The standard CAPM equation is: E ( R i ) = R f + β i ( E ( R m ) − R f ) {\displaystyle E(R_{i})=R_{f}+\beta _{i}(E(R_{m})-R_{f})}
William_F._Sharpe
Machine learning technique
transformation: y ( b ) , i ( l ) = γ i x ^ ( b ) , i ( l ) + β i {\displaystyle y_{(b),i}^{(l)}=\gamma _{i}{\hat {x}}_{(b),i}^{(l)}+\beta _{i}} Here, γ {\displaystyle
Normalization (machine learning)
Normalization_(machine_learning)
Least squares approximation of linear functions to data
_{1}+3\beta _{2})]^{2}+[10-(\beta _{1}+4\beta _{2})]^{2}\\[6pt]&=4\beta _{1}^{2}+30\beta _{2}^{2}+20\beta _{1}\beta _{2}-56\beta _{1}-154\beta _{2}+210
Linear_least_squares
Technique in information theory
by w i = ( β ( 1 − λ i ) − 1 ) / λ i r i {\displaystyle w_{i}={\sqrt {\left(\beta (1-\lambda _{i})-1\right)/\lambda _{i}r_{i}}}} where r i = U i T Σ X
Information_bottleneck_method
Stages in development and support of computer software
system). It typically consists of several stages, such as pre-alpha, alpha, beta, and release candidate, before the final version, or "gold", is released
Software_release_life_cycle
Algorithm for computing trigonometric, hyperbolic, logarithmic and exponential functions
\beta _{0}=\beta } β i + 1 = β i − σ i γ i , γ i = arctan ( 2 − i ) . {\displaystyle \beta _{i+1}=\beta _{i}-\sigma _{i}\gamma _{i},\quad \gamma _{i}=\arctan(2^{-i})
CORDIC
Type of artificial neural network
precision. The parameters a i {\displaystyle a_{i}} , c i {\displaystyle \mathbf {c} _{i}} , and β i {\displaystyle \beta _{i}} are determined in a manner
Radial_basis_function_network
Type of electrical circuit
be: i E 3 = i C 2 + i B 1 + i B 2 = i C + 2 i B = β + 2 β i C {\displaystyle i_{E3}=i_{C2}+i_{B1}+i_{B2}=i_{C}+2i_{B}={\frac {\beta +2}{\beta }}i_{C}}
Wilson_current_mirror
Probability distribution
F(x;\alpha ,\beta )=I_{\frac {x}{1+x}}\left(\alpha ,\beta \right),} where I is the regularized incomplete beta function. While the related beta distribution
Beta_prime_distribution
Mathematical function
In mathematics, the beta function, also called the Euler integral of the first kind, is a special function that is closely related to the gamma function
Beta_function
_{i=1}^{n}\alpha _{i},\beta \right)\qquad \alpha _{i}>0\quad \beta >0} ∑ i = 1 n Voigt ( μ i , γ i , σ i ) ∼ Voigt ( ∑ i = 1 n μ i , ∑ i = 1 n γ i
List of convolutions of probability distributions
List_of_convolutions_of_probability_distributions
Technique for the generative modeling of a continuous probability distribution
0 , I ) {\displaystyle {\mathcal {N}}(0,I)} . The coefficients 1 − β t {\displaystyle {\sqrt {1-\beta _{t}}}} and β t {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\beta _{t}}}}
Diffusion_model
Mathematical technique in thermal field theory
_{n}e^{-i\omega _{n}\tau }\phi (i\omega _{n})\iff \phi (i\omega _{n})={\frac {1}{\sqrt {\beta }}}\int _{0}^{\beta }d\tau \ e^{i\omega _{n}\tau }\phi (\tau
Matsubara_summation
I = I 0 exp ( ∑ i β i σ i ) = I 0 ∏ i e β i σ i {\displaystyle I=I_{0}\exp \left(\sum _{i}\beta _{i}\sigma _{i}\right)=I_{0}\prod _{i}e^{\beta _{i}\sigma
Differential optical absorption spectroscopy
Differential_optical_absorption_spectroscopy
Theorem related to ordinary least squares
i = 1 n ( y i − β 0 − β 1 x i 1 − ⋯ − β p x i p ) 2 {\displaystyle f(\beta _{0},\beta _{1},\dots ,\beta _{p})=\sum _{i=1}^{n}(y_{i}-\beta _{0}-\beta _{1}x_{i1}-\dots
Gauss–Markov_theorem
South Indian dynasty (1163–1323)
alias Pindi-Gunda (r. c. 955-995) Nripati Beta I alias Garuda Beta (r. c. 996-1051) Prola I (r. c. 1052-1076) Beta II alias Tribhuvanamalla (r. c. 1076-1108)
Kakatiya_dynasty
Technique in computer vision
null space of M and is expressed as x = ∑ i = 1 N β i v i {\displaystyle x=\sum _{i=1}^{N}{\beta _{i}v_{i}}} where N {\displaystyle N} is the number
Perspective-n-Point
Formalism of general relativity
β i β i ) d t 2 + 2 β i d t d x i + γ i j d x i d x j {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}ds^{2}&=-(\alpha ^{2}-\beta _{i}\beta ^{i})dt^{2}+2\beta _{i}dtdx^{i}+\gamma
BSSN_formalism
On algebraic independence of logarithms
i {\displaystyle \lambda _{i}} and the maximum d of the degrees of β i . {\displaystyle \beta _{i}.} (If β0 is nonzero then the assumption that λ i {\displaystyle
Baker's_theorem
Extension of the classical tensor calculus
}T_{j\beta }^{i\alpha }+V^{m}\Gamma _{mk}^{i}T_{j\beta }^{k\alpha }-V^{m}\Gamma _{mj}^{k}T_{k\beta }^{i\alpha }+{\dot {\Gamma }}_{\eta }^{\alpha }T_{j\beta
Calculus_of_moving_surfaces
Operation in abstract algebra
can be added by writing ( α + β ) i = α i + β i {\displaystyle (\alpha +\beta )_{i}=\alpha _{i}+\beta _{i}} for all i (note that this is again zero for
Direct_sum_of_modules
Mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics
_{1}=e^{\beta J}\cosh \beta h+{\sqrt {e^{2\beta J}(\cosh \beta h)^{2}-2\sinh 2\beta J}}=e^{\beta J}\cosh \beta h+{\sqrt {e^{2\beta J}(\sinh \beta h)^{2}+e^{-2\beta
Ising_model
Mathematical form
_{i}e_{i}{\biggr )}\cdot {\biggl (}\sum _{i=1}^{n}\beta _{i}e_{i}{\biggr )}=\sum _{i=1}^{n}\alpha _{i}\,\beta _{i}} The cross product of two vectors in 3-dimensions
Product_(mathematics)
Jewish community associated with modern-day Ethiopia
as the Falash Mura. The Beta Abraham community is considered by some to be a crypto-Judaic branch of the Beta Israel. The Beta Israel first made extensive
Beta_Israel
Model of magnetic hysteresis
(\alpha ,\beta )} . On this plane, each point ( α i , β i ) {\displaystyle (\alpha _{i},\beta _{i})} is mapped to a specific relay hysteron R α i , β i {\displaystyle
Preisach_model_of_hysteresis
{\displaystyle B=(\beta _{1},\beta _{2},\ldots ,\beta _{r})} be a sequence of distinct integers, β i ∈ { 1 , 2 , … , n } , {\displaystyle \beta _{i}\in \{1,2,\ldots
Strong_generating_set
Method for solving certain optimization problems
r g m i n β ∑ i = 1 n | y i − f i ( β ) | p , {\displaystyle \operatorname {arg\,min} _{\boldsymbol {\beta }}\sum _{i=1}^{n}{\big |}y_{i}-f_{i}({\boldsymbol
Iteratively reweighted least squares
Iteratively_reweighted_least_squares
In mathematics, vector space of linear forms
set I {\displaystyle I} , then ( ⋃ i ∈ I A i ) 0 = ⋂ i ∈ I A i 0 . {\displaystyle \left(\bigcup _{i\in I}A_{i}\right)^{0}=\bigcap _{i\in I}A_{i}^{0}
Dual_space
Type of statistical model
observation i: y i = Y − i γ i + X i β i + u i ≡ Z i δ i + u i {\displaystyle y_{i}=Y_{-i}\gamma _{i}+X_{i}\beta _{i}+u_{i}\equiv Z_{i}\delta _{i}+u_{i}} The
Simultaneous_equations_model
Operator used to vary the programming of chromosomes from one generation to the next
a_{i,P_{2}}} : α i = α i , P 1 ⋅ β i + α i , P 2 ⋅ ( 1 − β i ) w i t h β i ∈ [ − d , 1 + d ] {\displaystyle \alpha _{i}=\alpha _{i,P_{1}}\cdot \beta _{i}+\alpha
Crossover (evolutionary algorithm)
Crossover_(evolutionary_algorithm)
American economist (born 1939)
R i t − R f t = a i + β i ( R M t − R f t ) + s i S M B t + h i H M L t + r i R M W t + c i C M A t + e i t {\displaystyle R_{it}-R_{ft}=a_{i}+\beta
Eugene_Fama
Mathematical concept in algebra
characteristic polynomials) can be matched up as α i ↔ β i {\displaystyle \alpha _{i}\leftrightarrow \beta _{i}} in such a way that the multiset of eigenvalues
Commuting_matrices
Lattice model of statistical mechanics
ln [ 2 π I 0 ( β J ) ] {\displaystyle f(\beta ,h=0)=-\lim _{L\to \infty }{\frac {1}{\beta L}}\ln Z=-{\frac {1}{\beta }}\ln[2\pi I_{0}(\beta J)]} Using
Classical_XY_model
Expansion coefficients in statistical mechanics
coefficients B i {\displaystyle B_{i}} are related to the irreducible Mayer cluster integrals β i {\displaystyle \beta _{i}} through B i + 1 = − i i + 1 β i {\displaystyle
Virial_coefficient
Characteristic class in algebraic topology
product ∏ i = 1 m Q ( β i x ) {\displaystyle \prod _{i=1}^{m}Q(\beta _{i}x)\ } for any m > j {\displaystyle m>j} . This is symmetric in the β i {\displaystyle
Todd_class
Statistical term
i = x i ⊤ β + ε i {\displaystyle {y}_{i}={\boldsymbol {x}}_{i}^{\top }{\boldsymbol {\beta }}+{\varepsilon }_{i}} , i = 1 , 2 , … , n {\displaystyle i=1
Leverage_(statistics)
Measure of historical performance of private equity
between t i {\displaystyle t_{i}} and t n {\displaystyle t_{n}} . β i , n = ( I n I i ) 1 t n − t i − 1 {\displaystyle \beta _{i,n}=({\frac {I_{n}}{I_{i}}})^{\frac
Public_Market_Equivalent
Representation of the capital asset pricing model
at a given time: S M L : E ( R i ) = R f + β i [ E ( R M ) − R f ] {\displaystyle \mathrm {SML} :E(R_{i})=R_{f}+\beta _{i}[E(R_{M})-R_{f}]\,} where: E(Ri)
Security_market_line
Species of flowering plant
Beta vulgaris (beet) is a species of flowering plant in the subfamily Betoideae of the family Amaranthaceae. It is a perennial plant usually growing up
Beta_vulgaris
Class of statistical survival models
i: L i ( β ) = λ ( Y i ∣ X i ) ∑ j = i N λ ( Y i ∣ X j ) = λ 0 ( Y i ) θ i ∑ j = i N λ 0 ( Y i ) θ j = θ i ∑ j = i N θ j , {\displaystyle L_{i}(\beta
Proportional_hazards_model
Stochastic process used in biology to describe finite populations
i N r i ⋅ i N + N − i N ⋅ i N P i , i = 1 − P i , i − 1 − P i , i + 1 P i , i + 1 = f i ⋅ i f i ⋅ i + g i ⋅ ( N − i ) ⋅ N − i N = r i ⋅ i N r i ⋅ i N
Moran_process
Concept in probability theory and statistics
M_{\alpha X+\beta }(t)=\operatorname {E} \left[e^{(\alpha X+\beta )t}\right]=e^{\beta t}\operatorname {E} \left[e^{\alpha Xt}\right]=e^{\beta t}M_{X}(\alpha
Moment_generating_function
Rule system for formal languages
\alpha A\beta \rightarrow \alpha \gamma \beta } with A {\displaystyle A} a nonterminal symbol and α {\displaystyle \alpha } , β {\displaystyle \beta } , and
Context-free_grammar
Generalization of the concept from statistical mechanics
is defined as Z ( β ) = ∑ x i exp ( − β H ( x 1 , x 2 , … ) ) {\displaystyle Z(\beta )=\sum _{x_{i}}\exp \left(-\beta H(x_{1},x_{2},\dots )\right)}
Partition function (mathematics)
Partition_function_(mathematics)
w + c ∑ i = 1 N ξ i − ∑ i = 1 N α i { y i [ w T ϕ ( x i ) + b ] − 1 + ξ i } − ∑ i = 1 N β i ξ i , {\displaystyle L_{1}(w,b,\xi ,\alpha ,\beta )={\frac
Least-squares support vector machine
Least-squares_support_vector_machine
Second brightest star in the southern constellation of Pictor
Beta Pictoris (abbreviated β Pictoris or β Pic) is the second brightest star in the constellation Pictor. It is located 63.4 light-years (19.4 pc) from
Beta_Pictoris
Type of mathematical model used for infectious diseases
= − β S I {\displaystyle {\frac {dS}{dt}}=-\beta SI} d I d t = β S I − γ I {\displaystyle {\frac {dI}{dt}}=\beta SI-\gamma I} d R d t = γ I {\displaystyle
Compartmental models (epidemiology)
Compartmental_models_(epidemiology)
Technique for shaping training datasets
_{i=1}^{\ell }\beta _{i}-{\frac {1}{2}}\beta ^{\mathrm {T} }Q\beta \\&{\text{subject to}}&&\sum _{i=1}^{\ell }\beta _{i}y_{i}=0\\&&&0\leq \beta _{i}\leq
Manifold_regularization
Risk-adjusted measure of the so-called active return on an investment
regression. S C L : R i , t − R f = α i + β i ( R M , t − R f ) + ε i , t {\displaystyle \mathrm {SCL} :R_{i,t}-R_{f}=\alpha _{i}+\beta _{i}\,(R_{M,t}-R_{f})+\varepsilon
Alpha_(finance)
Kakatiya ruler from 1052 to 1076
lands as a hereditary fief from the Chalukya king. Prola I was a son of his predecessor Beta I. He probably ascended the throne around 1052 CE, as his
Prola_I
Financial professional
formula is: μ i = r f + ( μ M − r f ) ∗ β i {\displaystyle \mu _{i}=r_{f}+(\mu _{M}-r_{f})*\beta _{i}} where: μ i = {\displaystyle \mu _{i}=} expected returns
Portfolio_manager
I 1 = C 1 ∑ i = 1 5 i α i β i − 1 I 1 i − 1 . {\displaystyle {\cfrac {\partial W}{\partial I_{1}}}=C_{1}~\sum _{i=1}^{5}i~\alpha _{i}~\beta ^{i-1}~I_{1}^{i-1}\
Arruda–Boyce_model
When the ratio of reactants to products of a chemical reaction is constant with time
∑ i p i β i [ A ] p i [ B ] q i {\displaystyle T_{\mathrm {A} }=[\mathrm {A} ]+\sum _{i}p_{i}\beta _{i}[\mathrm {A} ]^{p_{i}}[\mathrm {B} ]^{q_{i}}}
Chemical_equilibrium
Variation of the minimax algorithm
{\displaystyle \beta _{i}=N\times \beta -\left(v_{1}+\ldots +v_{i-1}\right)+L\times (n-i)} The pseudocode for extending expectiminimax with fail-hard alpha-beta pruning
Expectiminimax
Ionizing radiation
A beta particle, also called beta ray or beta radiation (symbol β), is a high-energy, high-speed electron or positron emitted by the radioactive decay
Beta_particle
Matrix representing a Euclidean rotation
}}{\overline {\beta }}\right)\\\alpha {\overline {\beta }}+{\overline {\alpha }}\beta &i\left(-\alpha {\overline {\beta }}+{\overline {\alpha }}\beta \right)&\alpha
Rotation_matrix
BETA I
BETA I
Female
English
Short form of English Elizabeth, BETH means "God is my oath."Â
Female
Polish
Polish form of Greek Elisabet, ELŻBIETA means "God is my oath."
Girl/Female
Greek Hebrew English
From the Hebrew Elisheba, meaning either oath of God, or God is satisfaction. Famous bearer: Old...
Male
Hebrew
(בֶּלַע) Hebrew name BELA means "destruction." In the bible, this is the name of several characters, including a king of Edom.
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi
Our Heart Beat
Female
Italian
 Variant spelling of Italian Zita, ZETA means "little girl." Compare with another form of Zeta.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Heart Beat
Female
Polish
Polish name derived from Latin beatus, BEATA means "blessed."Â
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Emperor; Single Beat
Female
Hebrew
(× Ö¶×˜Ö·×¢) Hebrew unisex name NETA means meaning "plant, shrub."
Female
English
Czech and Polish form of German Bertha, BERTA means "bright."
Female
Spanish
 Short form of Spanish Aleta, LETA means "winged." Compare with another form of Leta.
Female
Native American
 Native American Blackfoot name PETA means "golden eagle." Compare with another form of Peta.
Female
Hebrew
(בֵּית-×ֵל) Variant spelling of Hebrew Beyth-El, BETH-EL means "house of God." In the bible, this is the name of an ancient city of the Canaanites, later of the Benjamites.Â
Female
English
Short form of English Elizabeth, BET means "God is my oath."Â
Female
English
Short form of English Beatrix, BEA means "voyager (through life)."Â
Female
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Greek Elisabet, ERZSÉBET means "God is my oath."
Female
German
Short form of German Margarete, META means "pearl."
Biblical
Beth (Hebrew)|house of the sun
Female
English
English name derived from the second letter of the Greek alphabet, beta, related to Hebrew bet, BETA means "house."Â
BETA I
BETA I
Boy/Male
Muslim
Name of Hanafi jurist of Iraq
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Proper name
Boy/Male
British, English, German
Form of Charles; Manly
Girl/Female
Danish, Finnish, German, Swedish
Universal; Complete
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sevali | ஸேவாலீ, ஸயாலீ
Green flowerless plants
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Brave and Right
Girl/Female
Hindu
Love, Beloved
Girl/Female
Indian, Sikh
Devotional Towards Lord Shiva; Devotional Towards God
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Tamil
The Goddess
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi
Arrows
BETA I
BETA I
BETA I
BETA I
BETA I
v. i.
To sound with more or less rapid alternations of greater and less intensity, so as to produce a pulsating effect; -- said of instruments, tones, or vibrations, not perfectly in unison.
v. t.
To give the signal for, by beat of drum; to sound by beat of drum; as, to beat an alarm, a charge, a parley, a retreat; to beat the general, the reveille, the tattoo. See Alarm, Charge, Parley, etc.
n.
The rise or fall of the hand or foot, marking the divisions of time; a division of the measure so marked. In the rhythm of music the beat is the unit.
n.
A sudden swelling or reenforcement of a sound, recurring at regular intervals, and produced by the interference of sound waves of slightly different periods of vibrations; applied also, by analogy, to other kinds of wave motions; the pulsation or throbbing produced by the vibrating together of two tones not quite in unison. See Beat, v. i., 8.
p. p.
of Beat
v. t.
That on which bets are laid; the subject of a bet.
n.
A recurring stroke; a throb; a pulsation; as, a beat of the heart; the beat of the pulse.
v. i.
A cheat or swindler of the lowest grade; -- often emphasized by dead; as, a dead beat.
v. i.
A round or course which is frequently gone over; as, a watchman's beat.
v. i.
To make a succession of strokes on a drum; as, the drummers beat to call soldiers to their quarters.
v. i.
To make progress against the wind, by sailing in a zigzag line or traverse.
v. i.
To make a sound when struck; as, the drums beat.
v. t.
To strike repeatedly; to lay repeated blows upon; as, to beat one's breast; to beat iron so as to shape it; to beat grain, in order to force out the seeds; to beat eggs and sugar; to beat a drum.
n.
The common beet (Beta vulgaris).
v. t.
To beat severely.
v. t.
To beat thoroughly or severely.
imp. & p. p.
of Bet
imp.
of Beat