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Plant hormone
auxins Auxins (plural of auxin /ˈɔːksɪn/) are a class of plant hormones (or plant-growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics. Auxins
Auxin
Chemical compounds that regulate plant growth and development
utilizing auxin as a rooting compound applied to the cut surface; the auxins are taken into the plant and promote root initiation. In grafting, auxin promotes
Plant_hormone
Proteins that mediate movement of auxin across membranes
Polar auxin transport is the regulated transport of the plant hormone auxin in plants. It is an active process, the hormone is transported in cell-to-cell
Polar_auxin_transport
Biological signalling molecule
oestrogen and brassinosteroid), amino acid derivatives (e.g. epinephrine and auxin), protein or peptides (e.g. insulin and CLE peptides), and gases (e.g. ethylene
Hormone
Process after the fertilization of an ovule to produce a fully developed plant embryo
angiosperms show auxin transport to the root end of the embryo. They hypothesized that the embryonic pattern is regulated by the auxin transport mechanism
Plant_embryonic_development
Family of transport proteins
membrane proteins in plants that transport the anionic form of the hormone auxin across membranes. The discovery of the initial member of the PIN gene family
PIN_proteins
Plant root
hormones such as auxin, and by the precise control of aspects of the cell cycle. Such control can be particularly useful, as increased auxin levels help to
Lateral_root
Basal organ of a vascular plant
regulators. Roots synthesise and modulate plant hormones (e.g., cytokinins, some auxin metabolism), influencing shoot development and whole-plant physiology. Aeration
Root
Growth of a plant in response to a light stimulus
on the plant that are farthest from the light contain a hormone called auxin that reacts when phototropism occurs. This causes the plant to have elongated
Phototropism
Embryonic shoot located in the axil of a leaf or branch
meristem produces auxin which prevents axillary buds from growing. The axillary buds begin developing when they are exposed to less auxin, for example if
Axillary_bud
Class of plant hormones promoting cell division
cytokinins are transported in the xylem. Cytokinins act in concert with auxin, another plant growth hormone. The two are complementary, having generally
Cytokinin
Chemical compound
atmospheric pressure and decomposes before boiling. IBA is a plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial horticultural plant rooting
Indole-3-butyric_acid
signalling role of auxin and the molecular nature of cell wall modification. The current version holds that auxin activates small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) proteins
Acid-growth_hypothesis
Growing mass of unorganized plant parenchyma cells
The culture medium is supplemented with plant growth regulators, such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin, to initiate callus formation or somatic embryogenesis
Callus_(cell_biology)
Gravity-sensing cells in higher plants
statocytes constitutes a signal for the production and redistribution of auxin. When stems or roots are not exactly aligned with the gravity vector, statoliths
Statocyte
Young stem or branch
from extensive cross-talk between auxin, cytokinin, gibberellins, ethylene, abscisic acid, and brassinosteroids. Auxin plays a central role in pattern formation
Shoot_(botany)
Organ in the earliest recognizable stage of embryonic development
plant hormone auxin has also been implicated in this process, with the new primordium being initiated at the placenta, where the auxin concentration is
Primordium
Chemical compound
most common naturally occurring plant hormone of the auxin class. It is the best known of the auxins, and has been the subject of extensive studies by plant
Indole-3-acetic_acid
Chemical compound
provided that auxin was present in the medium. Kinetin is often used in plant tissue culture to induce callus formation (in conjunction with auxin) and regenerate
Kinetin
Tissue inside seeds that is starchy in cereals and liquid in coconuts
(meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, which may be auxin-driven. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch
Endosperm
Operation Auxin was an Australian Federal Police operation in September 2004, leading to the arrest of almost 200 people on charges of child pornography
Operation_Auxin
Topics referred to by the same term
typically used for analog audio signals Aux/IAA repressors, related to auxin plant hormones AUX: (for auxiliary), a DOS text device AUX (CONFIG.SYS directive)
Aux
Plant growth in reaction to gravity and bending of leaves and roots
the reorientation of auxin efflux carriers and subsequent redistribution of auxin streams in the root cap and root as a whole. Auxin moves toward higher
Gravitropism
Main growth tissue in the stems, roots of plants
metabolism. Auxin hormones are proven to stimulate mitosis, cell production and regulate interfascicular and fascicular cambium. Applying auxin to the surface
Vascular_cambium
Arrangement of leaves on the stem of a plant
accumulation of the plant hormone auxin in certain areas of the meristem. Leaves become initiated in localized areas where auxin concentration is higher.[disputed
Phyllotaxis
Phenomenon where the central stem grows stronger than other stems
produces a plant hormone, auxin (IAA), that inhibits growth of the lateral buds further down on the stem towards the axillary bud. Auxin is predominantly produced
Apical_dominance
Method to derive a plant or embryo from a single somatic cell
nutrient media containing plant growth regulators. The main PGRs used are auxins but cytokinins may also be present in smaller amounts. Shoots and roots
Somatic_embryogenesis
German plant biologist (born 1951)
research has focused on plant signalling and hormone biology, particularly auxin signalling and transport. He received the Max Planck Research Award for
Klaus_Palme
Protein family
In molecular biology, the auxin binding protein family is a family of proteins which bind the plant hormone auxin. They are located in the lumen of the
Auxin_binding_protein
Dutch botanist (1903–1990)
was a Dutch biologist whose 1928 experiment demonstrated the existence of auxin in plants. Went's father was the prominent Dutch botanist Friedrich August
Frits_Warmolt_Went
Botany model
that auxin is the sole hormone that controls growth in gravitropism and phototropism; the rate of growth depends on the concentration of auxin; and both
Cholodny–Went_model
Class of plant hormones
also been observed in tobacco plants. Auxin increases GA 3-oxidation and decreases GA 2-oxidation in barley. Auxin also regulates GA biosynthesis during
Gibberellin
Chemical compound used as a herbicide
functions as an herbicide by mimicking the action of the plant growth hormone auxin.[better source needed] Triclopyr is an acetic acid derivative, and so a
Triclopyr
Class of herbicide
phenoxyacetic acid. The first group to be discovered act by mimicking the auxin growth hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA). When sprayed on broad-leaf plants
Phenoxy_herbicide
called auxin. Auxin appears in the initiation, emergence and elongation of the roots. Auxin signals regulate the direction auxin efflux and auxin flow throughout
Root_phenotypic_plasticity
Study of plant life
of auxins (from the Greek auxein, to grow) in control of plant growth was first outlined by the Dutch scientist Frits Went. The first known auxin, indole-3-acetic
Botany
Plants that shed leaves seasonally
sensitive to a plant hormone called auxin that is produced by the leaf and other parts of the plant. When auxin coming from the leaf is produced at a
Deciduous
Chemical compound
synthetic pesticide similar to chemicals in a group of plant hormones called auxins. A proven use is in the synthesis of Fipexide. Reregistration Eligibility
4-Chlorophenoxyacetic_acid
Common defected wood
wood appears to be the hormone auxin, although the exact mechanism is not clear. In a leaning stem, the normal flow of auxin down the tree is displaced by
Reaction_wood
Organic compound used as an herbicide
weeds in pasture and cereal crops. The mode of action of MCPA is as an auxin, which are growth hormones that naturally exist in plants. In 1936 investigations
MCPA
Directed growth of plants in response to touch
hormone auxin has also been observed to be involved in thigmotropic behavior in plants, but its role is not well understood. Instead of asymmetric auxin distribution
Thigmotropism
Class of chemical compounds
degrade the protein. Redirect or stabilize PPIs to induce target degradation. Auxin (TIR1-Aux/IAA): Promotes TIR1-Aux/IAA binding, leading to Aux/IAA ubiquitination
Molecular_glue
Species of oomycete that parasitizes fungi
roots of certain plants, including tomato and sugar beet. Production of auxin-like substances stimulate plant growth. Defense responses can be induced
Pythium_oligandrum
Type of deformity in a woody plant
part the product of auxins, hormones that control the growth of secondary apices. The growth of an offshoot is limited by the auxin, while that of the
Witch's_broom
Ability of a plant to retain information
transport proteins. PIN proteins act as a conduit for auxin, allowing auxin to flow between cells. As auxin accumulates on the shaded side of the plant, the
Plant_memory
Technique in chemical biology
environment. There is also the rational design of alfa-alkyl auxin molecules, which are auxin analogs capable of binding and blocking the formation of the
Rational_design
Family of mostly succulent plants, adapted to dry environments
be photosynthesis; a role in the production of plant hormones, such as auxin, and in defining axillary buds has been suggested. Botanically, "spines"
Cactus
Botanical category of fruit
concluded that hormone signaling pathways involving gibberellic acid and auxin affect gene expression, and contribute to the initiation of accessory fruit
Accessory_fruit
Chemical compound
Aminocyclopyrachlor (AMCP) is a selective, low-toxicity, auxin-mimicking herbicide that provides pre- and post-emergent control of broadleaf weeds on
Aminocyclopyrachlor
Chemical compound
active auxin (a type of plant hormone), found predominantly in fruits. However, its effect is much weaker than the effect of the basic auxin molecule
Phenylacetic_acid
Shedding of various parts of an organism
synergistic fashion: As the auxin levels decrease, the flux of auxin to the abscission zone is reduced. Exhaustion of auxin makes the abscission zone sensitive
Abscission
Herbicide classification system
example, Quinmerac is classified as Group 4/29 (O/L) because it is both an Auxin mimic (Group 4 or O) and inhibits cellulose synthesis (Group 29 or L). In
HRAC_classification
Chemical compound
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (also known as 2,4,5-T), a synthetic auxin, is a chlorophenoxy acetic acid herbicide used to defoliate broad-leafed
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic_acid
a synthetic auxin. Imprelis is a selective herbicide created by DuPont. The active ingredient is aminocyclopyrachlor, a synthetic auxin. Imprelis was
Imprelis
Process by which structures originate and mature as a plant grows
The balance between auxins and cytokinins plays a critical role in determining whether shoots or roots will form. A lower auxin-to-cytokinin ratio favors
Plant_development
Chemical compound
herbicides such as 2,4-D, dicamba, and MCPA, which mimic the plant hormone IAA (auxin) and kill most broadleaf weeds by causing uncontrolled growth. The United
Mecoprop
Rare mutation of the common 3-leaf clover said to bring good luck
development of four-leaf clovers in cloverplants. A plant hormone called auxin, which plays an important role in plant development, has also been shown
Four-leaf_clover
Type of chemical used to kill unwanted plants
systemic EPSPS inhibitor inactivated by soil contact. Auxin-like herbicides: The discovery of synthetic auxins inaugurated the era of organic herbicides. They
Herbicide
Chemical compound
in the (2R)-isomer. The compound's mechanism of action is to mimic the auxin growth hormone indoleacetic acid (IAA). When sprayed on plants it induces
Fenoprop
Method of propagating plants
concentration. Polyphenol degradation decreases, increasing auxin concentration. The increased auxin concentration increases nitric oxide concentration which
Cutting_(plant)
Canadian-American biologist
biologist known for his work elucidating the mechanism of the plant hormone, auxin using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. He is currently a Distinguished
Mark_Andrew_Estelle
Process of acquiring new knowledge
differential cell growth and division on one side of the plant stem mediated by auxin signaling pathways. During the testing phase of Gagliano's experiment, the
Learning
Group of chemical compounds
growth in plant is mainly regulated by the phytohormone auxin. However, the mechanism of auxin secretion is at the same time regulated by strigolactones
Strigolactone
Dutch botanist
as a graduate student worked on plant hormones, specifically the role of auxin in phototropism. He became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts
Frits_Went
Effect of gravity on living organisms
auxin plays a central role. When amyloplastic statoliths settle within the root cap statocytes, this sedimentation triggers a redistribution of auxin
Gravitational_biology
British police operation to prosecute users of a website featuring child pornography
a result of Ore being overturned. Australia 200 arrests (see Operation Auxin) Canada - Operation Snowball Ireland (see Operation Amethyst) Germany (see
Operation_Ore
Disease of plants
reduce the hemipteran vectors. A cure might be able to be developed using Auxin to stimulate the plant's defenses. The incubation period between infection
Flavescence_dorée
Alkene gas naturally regulating the plant growth
Hitchcock, and Percy Zimmerman reported in 1935 that ethylene acts similar to auxins in causing plant growth and senescence of vegetative tissues. This established
Ethylene_(plant_hormone)
who was among the first to experimentally demonstrate the existence of auxins. He taught at the University of Budapest where he established a plant physiology
Árpád_Paál
Directed growth of an organism in response to environmental stimuli
directional growth is considered to be due to asymmetrical distribution of auxin, a plant growth hormone. The term "tropism" (from Ancient Greek τρόπος (trópos)
Tropism
Chemical compound
the "1-position" of naphthalene. NAA is a synthetic plant hormone in the auxin family and is an ingredient in many commercial horticultural products; it
1-Naphthaleneacetic_acid
In plants, a variable pore between paired guard cells
plants; while, plants grown in the dark have a lower amount of stomata. Auxin represses stomatal development by affecting their development at the receptor
Stoma
Biological response in plants
mechanical stress. Phytohormones, particularly jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and auxin, are central regulators of the long-term developmental changes underlying
Thigmomorphogenesis
Swedish plant physiologist (1908–2001)
1936, he received his PhD in biology from Caltech for his work done with auxin, a plant hormone. In 1937, Skoog was a postdoctoral researcher with Dennis
Folke_K._Skoog
Chemical compound
disrupts auxin signaling through the SCFTIR1 pathway. It prevents the activation of genes that typically respond to auxin and blocks the auxin-triggered
Toyocamycin
Species of flowering plant
but not grasses. These chemicals have similar effects as natural plant auxins, and their increased concentrations cause unnatural plant growth that kills
Soliva_sessilis
Chemical compound
Fluroxypyr is an herbicide in the class of synthetic auxins. It is used to control broadleaf weeds and woody brush. It is formulated as the 1-methylheptyl
Fluroxypyr
Protective sheath in certain plants
proposes that auxin, a plant growth hormone, is synthesized in the coleoptile tip, which senses light or gravity and will send the auxin down the appropriate
Coleoptile
Residential college of the University of California, Santa Cruz
1934, obtained and isolated pure auxin, an important plant-growth hormone and, with several coworkers, proved that auxin promotes cell elongation, formation
Crown College, University of California, Santa Cruz
Crown_College,_University_of_California,_Santa_Cruz
Chemical compound
control of annual grass weeds like crabgrass. Quinclorac is a synthetic auxin. Heap considers it to also have a cellulose herbicide action, although some
Quinclorac
Induction of a significant reduction of size or stature in biological organisms
Straeten, D.; Beemster, G. T. S.; et al. (2007), "Ethylene Upregulates Auxin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis Seedlings to Enhance Inhibition of Root Cell
Dwarfing
Developmental pathway followed in flowering plants in absence of visible light
controlled by the plant hormones called auxins, which are produced by the growing tip to maintain apical dominance. Auxin diffuses, and is transported, downwards
Etiolation
Plant sensing and development response
production of auxin and its receptors. Where the auxin lay, the plant grows on that side which causes it to bend in the opposite direction. Auxin is transported
Shade_avoidance
Growing cells under lab conditions
an excess of auxin will often result in a proliferation of roots, while an excess of cytokinin may yield shoots. A balance of both auxin and cytokinin
Plant_tissue_culture
Chemical element with atomic number 30 (Zn)
required in plants for leaf formation, the synthesis of indole acetic acid (auxin) and alcoholic fermentation. Carboxypeptidase cleaves peptide linkages during
Zinc
Division of non-vascular land plants with horn-shaped sporophytes
persistent photosynthetic capacity. The sporophyte lacks an apical meristem, an auxin-sensitive point of divergence with other land plants some time in the Late
Hornwort
Multicellular filaments forming the early gametophyte of bryophytes
later differentiate from chloronemata under the influence of plant hormone auxin. The chloronema cells are visually characterised by the presence of a high
Protonema
Ability of plants to elongate or expand under acidic conditions
turgor pressure. This modification is controlled by plant hormones like auxin. Auxin also controls the expression of some cell wall genes. This form of growth
Acid_growth
Genus of flowering plants
non-mimetic leaves have more free-end veinlets and identified the hormone auxin as a possible mediator in changes to leaf morphology. This paper received
Boquila
Gene family
participate in both the export and import of auxin At low intracellular auxin concentrations ABCB4 imports auxin until it reaches a certain threshold which
ABC_transporter
1999 child pornography investigation
Bates' home was later ruled unlawful. Australia 200 arrests (see Operation Auxin) Canada - Operation Snowball Ireland (see Operation Amethyst) Germany (see
Operation Avalanche (child pornography investigation)
Operation_Avalanche_(child_pornography_investigation)
Genus of carnivorous flowering plants
response is achieved through auxin-mediated acid growth. When action potentials reach their target cells, the plant hormone auxin causes protons (H+ ions)
Drosera
Species of fungus
more easily absorbed by plant roots. The fungus also appears to synthesize auxin, a plant hormone that regulates growth. Goddard HN (1913). "Can Fungi Living
Pochonia_chlamydosporia
Perennial woody plant with elongated trunk
blades become apparent. Synthesis in the leaf of a plant hormone called auxin also ceases. This causes the cells at the junction of the petiole and the
Tree
Herbicide
Templeman found that when indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a naturally occurring auxin, was used at high concentrations, it could stop plant growth. In 1940, he
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic_acid
Chemical compound
reside in soil). Like auxin, IPA increases the growth of lateral roots and root hairs. However, it seems to inhibit some auxin-related processes such
3-Indolepropionic_acid
Species of edible plant
PMID 20355114. Mun JH, Yu HJ, Shin JY, Oh M, Hwang HJ, Chung H (October 2012). "Auxin response factor gene family in Brassica rapa: genomic organization, divergence
Rapini
Moroccan biologist and academic
at Utrecht University, where she studied cell-cycle regulation and polar auxin transport. After completing her postdoctoral work, she was appointed as
Ikram_Blilou
Danish biologist (1883–1959)
plant physiologist. His research was fundamental to further work on the auxin theory of tropisms. Peter was born in Hjerting, near Esbjerg in southern
Peter_Boysen_Jensen
which covers real children as well as purely fictional children. Operation Auxin in September 2004 led to the arrest of almost 200 people on charges of child
Child pornography laws in Australia
Child_pornography_laws_in_Australia
AUXIN
AUXIN
AUXIN
AUXIN
Girl/Female
German, Latin
Cheerful
Girl/Female
Tamil
Srutakeerthi | ஸரதாகிரதீ
One who is of sharp intellect
Boy/Male
Hindu
Yashshavi
Boy/Male
Arabic
Superabundance; Favour
Boy/Male
Hindu
Snake, The king of serpents, A serpent chief
Girl/Female
Muslim
Beauty, Friend, Beloved, Beautiful
Girl/Female
Muslim
Treasure
Surname or Lastname
English, Dutch, Danish, and Swedish
English, Dutch, Danish, and Swedish : from Middle English, Old Norse, Middle Dutch neve ‘nephew’, presumably denoting the nephew of some great personage.French (Nève) : Lyonnais habitational name from the Rhône place name En Nève, which derives from misdivision of En ève ‘in water’ (modern standard French en eau).Italian : from the personal name Neve, which may be from neve ‘snow’ (Latin nix, genitive nivis), possibly denoting a white-haired or very pale-complexioned person, or, according to Caracausi, may be a variant of the personal name Neves, from the Marian epithet Madonna della Neve or Maria Santissima ad nives ‘Mary of the Snows’.Portuguese and Galician : from neve ‘snow’. Compare 3.A family by the name Neve traces its descent from Robert le Neve, living in Tivetshall, Norfolk, in the 14th century.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Bangle
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Blessed; Fortunate; From the Happy Meadow
AUXIN
AUXIN
AUXIN
AUXIN
AUXIN