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Aligns a photomask with features on a wafer
An aligner, or mask aligner, is a system that produces integrated circuits (IC) using the photolithography process. It holds the photomask over the silicon
Aligner_(semiconductor)
Topics referred to by the same term
Aligner may refer to Aligner (semiconductor) - a technology used in photoresist creation for creating integrated circuits Clear aligners - an orthodontic
Aligner
Topics referred to by the same term
Mask aligner may refer to: Clear aligners, transparent dental braces. Aligner (semiconductor), a system used to project photomasks in photolithography
Mask_aligner
Semiconductor Fabrication Technique
In semiconductor electronics fabrication technology, a self-aligned gate is a transistor manufacturing approach whereby the gate electrode of a MOSFET
Self-aligned_gate
Manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
Semiconductor device fabrication is the process used to manufacture semiconductor devices, typically integrated circuits (ICs) such as microprocessors
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor_device_fabrication
Type of field-effect transistor
In electronics, the metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, MOS FET, or MOS transistor) is a type of field-effect transistor
MOSFET
Semiconductor company based in Pennsylvania, U.S.
short for Metal Oxide Semiconductor), later known as CSG (Commodore Semiconductor Group) and GMT Microelectronics, was a semiconductor design and fabrication
MOS_Technology
Family of digital circuits
p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor, is a family of digital circuits based on p-channel, enhancement mode metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors
PMOS_logic
German mechanical engineering company
mask aligner MJB3, a mask alignment exposure tool for photolithography. This commission marked the company’s first step into the semiconductor industry
Suss_Microtec
Process in microfabrication
contact aligner, the simplest exposure system, puts a photomask in direct contact with the wafer and exposes it to a uniform light. A proximity aligner puts
Photolithography
Photolithographic Tool
This was because it was replacing an earlier technology, the mask aligner. Aligners imaged the entire surface of a wafer at the same time, producing many
Stepper
Chinese semiconductor foundry
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation (SMIC) is a partially state-owned publicly listed Chinese pure-play semiconductor foundry company
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation
Semiconductor_Manufacturing_International_Corporation
Tool used in semiconductor fabrication
family of aligners introduced in 1973 by Perkin-Elmer. Micralign was the first projection aligner, a concept that dramatically lowered semiconductor fabrication
Micralign
Dutch photolithography company
ASML Holding N.V. (originally standing for Advanced Semiconductor Materials Lithography) is a Dutch multinational corporation that develops and manufactures
ASML
Factory where integrated circuits are manufactured
In the microelectronics industry, a semiconductor fabrication plant, also called a fab or a foundry, is a factory where integrated circuits (ICs) are
Semiconductor fabrication plant
Semiconductor_fabrication_plant
Type of electrical junction
physics, a metal–semiconductor (M–S) junction is a type of electrical junction in which a metal comes in close contact with a semiconductor material. It is
Metal–semiconductor_junction
Thin slice of semiconductor used for the fabrication of integrated circuits
electronics, a wafer (also called a slice or substrate) is a thin slice of semiconductor, such as a crystalline silicon (c-Si, silicium), used for the fabrication
Wafer_(electronics)
Solid-state electrically operated switch also used as an amplifier
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electrical signals and power. It is one of the basic building blocks of modern electronics
Transistor
United States legislation promoting the semiconductor industry and public basic research
billion in new funding to boost domestic research and manufacturing of semiconductors in the United States, for which it appropriates $52.7 billion. The act
CHIPS_and_Science_Act
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
These components are fabricated onto a thin, flat piece ("chip") of semiconductor material, most commonly silicon. Integrated circuits are integral to
Integrated_circuit
Quantity in solid-state physics
mobility characterizes how quickly an electron can move through a metal or semiconductor when pushed or pulled by an electric field. There is an analogous quantity
Electron_mobility
A transistor is a semiconductor device with at least three terminals for connection to an electric circuit. In the common case, the third terminal controls
History_of_the_transistor
Semiconductor laser
diode (LD, also injection laser diode or ILD or semiconductor laser or diode laser) is a semiconductor device similar to a light-emitting diode in which
Laser_diode
Chinese lithography machine manufacturer
Shanghai Micro Electronics Equipment (Group) Co., Ltd. (SMEE) is a semiconductor manufacturing equipment company based in Shanghai, China. The company
Shanghai Micro Electronics Equipment
Shanghai_Micro_Electronics_Equipment
are many semiconductor scale examples for various metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, or MOS transistor) semiconductor manufacturing
List of semiconductor scale examples
List_of_semiconductor_scale_examples
Insulating region in a semiconductor
In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region, or space charge layer
Depletion_region
Rule for energy band diagrams
between two semiconductor materials. Anderson's rule states that when constructing an energy band diagram, the vacuum levels of the two semiconductors on either
Anderson's_rule
Solid-state electronics based on electron spin
transfer. Spintronic systems are most often realised in dilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS) and Heusler alloys and are of particular interest in the field
Spintronics
Economic shortage caused by demand for semiconductor chips exceeding supply
broad range of electronics. The pandemic's impact on the manufacture of semiconductors in South Korea and Taiwan was cited as a cause for the shortage, with
2020–2023 global chip shortage
2020–2023_global_chip_shortage
Physical equations of light emission in semiconductors
The semiconductor luminescence equations (SLEs) describe luminescence of semiconductors resulting from spontaneous recombination of electronic excitations
Semiconductor luminescence equations
Semiconductor_luminescence_equations
Electrical device that converts AC to DC
copper and selenium oxide plates, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches. Historically, even synchronous
Rectifier
32-bit microprocessor
known as the 32k, is a series of microprocessors produced by National Semiconductor. Design work began around 1980 and it was announced at the International
NS32000
Chinese semiconductor equipment company
Co., Ltd. (SiCarrier; Chinese: 新凯来; pinyin: Xīnkǎilái) is a Chinese semiconductor equipment company headquartered in Shenzhen. The company is backed by
SiCarrier
Photolithographic tool
produce a pattern on a thin wafer of material (usually silicon). In semiconductor manufacturing, a mask is sometimes called a reticle. In photolithography
Photomask
Physicist, engineer, inventor and entrepreneur
Fairchild Semiconductor in 1968, the self-aligned MOS (metal–oxide–semiconductor) silicon-gate technology (SGT), which made possible MOS semiconductor memory
Federico_Faggin
Nano-scale semiconductor particles
Quantum dots (QDs) or semiconductor nanocrystals are semiconductor particles a few nanometres in size with optical and electronic properties that differ
Quantum_dot
Transistor that uses both electrons and holes as charge carriers
amplification or switching. BJTs use two p–n junctions between two semiconductor types, n-type and p-type, which are regions in a single crystal of material
Bipolar_junction_transistor
MIPS microprocessor
arithmetic logic unit (ALU), a shifter, multiplier and divider and load aligner for executing integer instructions. The ALU consists of a 64-bit carry-select
R4000
South Korean multinational electronics corporation
largest semiconductor company between 2017 and 2018. Samsung Semiconductor division manufactures various semiconductor devices, including semiconductor nodes
Samsung_Electronics
Semiconductor device fabrication technique
microelectronics industry used to form electrical contacts between the semiconductor device and the supporting interconnect structure. The salicide process
Salicide
Optical diode invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa
diode with a wide, undoped intrinsic semiconductor region between a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor region. The p-type and n-type regions
PIN_diode
Device that amplifies an optical signal
amplifier's gain medium causes amplification of incoming light. In semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), electron–hole recombination occurs. In Raman
Optical_amplifier
Topics referred to by the same term
Electronic Materials, a United States manufacturer of silicon wafers for the semiconductor industry MEMC, a support chip in Acorn Computers mEMC, mammalian endoplasmic
MEMC
Lithography technique
substrates. A "contact aligner" is generally used to perform this operation, so that previous patterns on a substrate may be aligned to the pattern one wants
Contact_lithography
Retrieved September 18, 2022. "Keurig Dr Pepper, VICI Properties and ON Semiconductor Set to Join S&P 500; Others to Join S&P MidCap 400, and S&P SmallCap
List_of_S&P_500_companies
Crystal growth process relative to the substrate used as seed
of epitaxial growth is in the semiconductor industry, where semiconductor films are grown epitaxially on semiconductor substrate wafers. For the case
Epitaxy
Ability of a body to store an electrical charge
their macroscopic, or bulk material, counterparts. In electronic and semiconductor devices, transient or frequency-dependent current between terminals
Capacitance
Technique that flips a microchip upside down to connect it
its abbreviation, C4, is a method for interconnecting dies such as semiconductor devices, IC chips, integrated passive devices and microelectromechanical
Flip_chip
Large cap index within the NASDAQ exchange
Seagate Technology The Netherlands - ASML Holding, Ferrovial, NXP Semiconductors United Kingdom - Arm Holdings, Coca-Cola Europacific Partners Additionally
Nasdaq-100
Mathematical descriptions of molecular diffusion
of the semiconductors is called an integrated circuit. The relationship between Fick's law and semiconductors: the principle of the semiconductor is transferring
Fick's_laws_of_diffusion
Form of digital logic family in integrated circuits
NMOS or nMOS logic (from N-type metal–oxide–semiconductor) uses n-type (-) MOSFETs (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors) to implement logic
NMOS_logic
Semiconductor manufacturing process
In semiconductor manufacturing, the 2 nm process is the MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor) die shrink after the 3 nm process node
2_nm_process
Physical phenomenon of electronic band structures
align across the interface. A Helmholtz double layer will be formed near the junction, in which the metal is negatively charged and the semiconductor
Band_bending
Canadian semiconductor manufacturer
cameras, frame grabbers, imaging software) as well as specialized semiconductor fabrication (MEMS, high voltage ASICs). Teledyne DALSA is part of the
Teledyne_DALSA
Semiconductor resistance model
equation is a model relating the varying electrical resistance of a semiconductor to its varying temperatures. The equation is 1 T = A + B ln R + C
Steinhart–Hart_equation
Measure of a substance's ability to resist or conduct electric current
important, with temperature and composition of the semiconductor material. The degree of semiconductors doping makes a large difference in conductivity.
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity
Taiwanese R&D organization
private firms. ITRI aligns its R&D focuses with national industrial policies and global technological trends. ITRI's semiconductor research focuses on
Industrial Technology Research Institute
Industrial_Technology_Research_Institute
Programmable machine that processes data
the first silicon-gate MOS IC with self-aligned gates was developed by Federico Faggin at Fairchild Semiconductor in 1968. The MOSFET has since become the
Computer
"National Semiconductor Launches New Generation of Ultra-Miniature, High Pin-Count Integrated Circuit Packages". National Semiconductor. Archived from
List of electronic component packaging types
List_of_electronic_component_packaging_types
Branch of physical chemistry
the Fermi level of semiconductor and the formal redox potential of redox species are aligned at the interface between semiconductor and redox species.
Photoelectrochemistry
American scientist, engineer, inventor
scientist, engineer, and inventor who contributed to the understanding of semiconductors, integrated circuitry, and the unique electrical principles of microscopic
Frances_Hugle
American inventor and chemist (1930–2025)
hometown Poughkeepsie, New York. Method of fabricating semiconductor contacts, (1965). Semiconductor surface cleaning, (1965). Method for the preparation
Donald_L._Klein
Physical phenomenon
piezoresistive effect is a change in the electrical resistivity of a semiconductor or metal when mechanical strain is applied. In contrast to the piezoelectric
Piezoresistive_effect
Technology hub in California, United States
form Fairchild Semiconductor; Shockley referred to them as the "traitorous eight". Two of the original employees of Fairchild Semiconductor, Robert Noyce
Silicon_Valley
Diode that works using quantum tunneling
A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor diode that has effectively "negative resistance" due to the quantum mechanical effect called
Tunnel_diode
Indian stock market index
applicable regulations. The exchange operates in two trading sessions to align with both Indian and international time zones: Session I: 06:30 a.m. to
GIFT_Nifty
Flash storage specification
Exynos". Samsung Semiconductor. Retrieved 26 January 2020. "Exynos 9610 Processor: Specs, Features | Samsung Exynos". Samsung Semiconductor. Retrieved 26
Universal_Flash_Storage
Type of resistor whose resistance varies with temperature
A thermistor is a semiconductor type of resistor in which the resistance is strongly dependent on temperature. The word thermistor is a portmanteau of
Thermistor
Periodic structure of layers of two or more materials
system. A graphene/boron nitride system forms a semiconductor superlattice once the two crystals are aligned. Its charge carriers move perpendicular to the
Superlattice
them to align close to the interface. This is done to ensure that the Fermi energy level stays continuous throughout the two semiconductors. This alignment
Band_offset
Japanese multinational corporation
various businesses, including electronics, imaging and sensing (Sony Semiconductor Solutions), film and television (Sony Pictures Entertainment), music
Sony
Central decision-making assembly of the Indian National Congress (INC)
Education Energy Electricity Nuclear Oil and gas Solar Wind Electronics and semiconductor Entertainment Forestry Gambling Healthcare Hospitals Information technology
All_India_Congress_Committee
Combination of the diffusion and convection (advection) equations
convection–diffusion equation. However, the Langevin equation is more general. In semiconductor physics, this equation is called the drift–diffusion equation. The word
Convection–diffusion_equation
U.S. large-cap stock market index
Technology Semiconductors Amphenol APH Information Technology Electronic Components Analog Devices ADI Information Technology Semiconductors AngloGold
Russell_1000_Index
American corporation focused on life science research
problems of lenses. The result of this research was the Projection Scanning Aligner, or Micralign, which made chip making an assembly-line task and improved
PerkinElmer
Electronic component
Another example of voltage dependent capacitance occurs in semiconductor devices such as semiconductor diodes, where the voltage dependence stems not from a
Capacitor
resembled those of aligned countries. The response of the non-aligned nations during India's wars in 1962, 1965 and 1971 revealed non-aligned positions on issues
India and the Non-Aligned Movement
India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement
Radius of the circle which best approximates a curve at a given point
Printed electronics Minimum railway curve radius AFM probe Stress in the semiconductor structure involving evaporated thin films usually results from the thermal
Radius_of_curvature
2025 Japanese television season
subordinates agree to help reach the moon. Senku explains that instead of semiconductors, they will be using parametrons, small rings of copper and zinc wrapped
Dr._Stone_season_4
Electronic states at the surface of materials
first type of solution can be obtained for both metals and semiconductors. In semiconductors though, the associated eigenenergies have to belong to one
Surface_states
Industrial shift to information technology
developed by Chih-Tang Sah and Frank Wanlass at Fairchild Semiconductor. The self-aligned gate transistor, which further facilitated mass production
Information_Age
MOS field-effect transistor with more than one gate
multi-gate field-effect transistor (MuGFET) refers to a metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) that has more than one gate on a single
Multigate_device
Number of available physical states per energy unit
electrons at the band edge between the valence and conduction bands in a semiconductor, for an electron in the conduction band, an increase of the electron
Density_of_states
American entrepreneur and politician (born 1985)
militarily defend Taiwan from Chinese attack after the U.S. has achieved "semiconductor independence", which he pledged to achieve by 2028. Ramaswamy is pro-Israel
Vivek_Ramaswamy
Computer memory used for small quantities of data
erase/write cycles. Most of the major semiconductor manufactures, such as Toshiba, Sanyo (later, ON Semiconductor), IBM, Intel, NEC (later, Renesas Electronics)
EEPROM
Tests performed immediately after semiconductor wafer fabrication
Wafer testing is a step performed during semiconductor device fabrication after back end of line (BEOL) and before IC packaging. Two types of testing
Wafer_testing
Education Energy Electricity Nuclear Oil and gas Solar Wind Electronics and semiconductor Entertainment Forestry Gambling Healthcare Hospitals Information technology
Biosphere_reserves_of_India
Semiconductor structure
A metal gate, in the context of a lateral metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) stack, is the gate electrode separated by an oxide from the transistor's channel
Metal_gate
Emirati AI investment company
website in 2025 described three related areas of focus with investments: semiconductor companies, AI infrastructure companies, and AI technology companies
MGX_Fund_Management_Limited
Equation describing the transport of some quantity
\mathbf {j} =0\\\end{aligned}}} The integral form follows as for the general equation. The total current flow in the semiconductor consists of drift current
Continuity_equation
A hybrid silicon laser is a semiconductor laser fabricated from both silicon and group III-V semiconductor materials. The hybrid silicon laser was developed
Hybrid_silicon_laser
APEC annual meeting
Act and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in 2022 to support domestic semiconductor fabrication, advanced manufacturing, and clean-energy supply chains
APEC_South_Korea_2025
American government appointee and writer (born 1989)
semiconductors, and AI infrastructure. Helberg has characterized the agreement as establishing "a new economic security consensus ensuring aligned partners
Jacob_Helberg
Interface between an electronic test system and a semiconductor wafer
testing. It is an interface between an electronic test system and a semiconductor wafer. A probe card or DUT board is a printed circuit board (PCB), and
Probe_card
; Nishida, T. (2007). "Physics of strain effects in semiconductors and metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors". Journal of Applied Physics
Strained_silicon
Source of optical gain in a laser
krypton, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or metal vapors; (gas lasers) Semiconductors, e.g. gallium arsenide (GaAs), indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs), or
Active_laser_medium
The industry has grown alongside Taiwan's established strengths in semiconductor manufacturing and information and communications technology (ICT), and
Artificial intelligence industry in Taiwan
Artificial_intelligence_industry_in_Taiwan
Concept in quantum mechanics
potential, electron affinity, and aqueous redox potentials of small semiconductor crystallites". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 79 (11): 5566–5571.
Potential_well
American semiconductor manufacturer
American developer and producer of radio, microwave, and millimeter wave semiconductor devices and components. The company is headquartered in Lowell, Massachusetts
MACOM_Technology_Solutions
Technique used to increase the number of structures a microchip may contain
density. It is expected to be necessary for the 10 nm and 7 nm node semiconductor processes and beyond. The premise is that a single lithographic exposure
Multiple_patterning
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Algar, ALLGER means "elf spear."
Girl/Female
Arabic, British, English, French, German, Greek
Foreign
Boy/Male
British, Christian, English
Spear from the Elves; Elf Spear
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Father of light.
Male
English
Variant spelling of Middle English Algar, ALGER means elf spear."Â
Boy/Male
Gaelic Scottish Greek
defender of mankind.
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Teutonic
Wearing a Moustache; Noble Spear Man; Elf Spear
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from one or more Middle English personal names variously written Alger, Algar, Alcher, Aucher, etc. These represent a falling together of at least three different Continental Germanic and Old English names: Adalgar ‘noble spear’ (Old English Æ{dh}elgÄr), Albgar ‘elf spear’ (Old English ÆlfgÄr), and Aldgar ‘old spear’ (Old English (E)aldgÄr). The Continental Germanic forms were brought to England from France by the Normans. Compare the French cognate Auger. In Norfolk and northern England, the source is probably the Old Norse name Ãlfgeirr ‘elf spear’. The modern English surname is found mainly in East Anglia.German : from a reduced form of the Germanic personal name Adalgar (see 1 above).Abiezer Alger was a merchant in Easton, MA, in the 18th century, who had many prominent descendants.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Eye liner
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Saint-Léger in La Manche or Saint-Léger-aux-Bois in Seine-Maritime, both so called from the dedication of their churches to St. Leger (see Ledger), the martyred 7th-century bishop of Autun.German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : from a Germanized form of the personal name Salomon.
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon German English Teutonic
Noble spearman.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, German, Greek, Irish, Portuguese, Slavic
Noble; Nobility; Light; Lovely; Variant of Helen
Girl/Female
Teutonic American German Celtic Dutch Latin
noble.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : habitational name from any of several places called Langen or Langenau in Germany, Bohemia, and Silesia.English : habitational name from any of four places in Shropshire and Staffordshire called Longner or Longnor. Longner and Longnor in Shropshire are from Old English lang ‘long’ + alor ‘alder tree’, ‘alder copse’, as is Longnor near Penkridge, Staffordshire. But Longnor, Staffordshire is from Old English lang (genitive langan) + ofer ‘ridge’.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Aileen, ALINE means "little Eve." Compare with another form of Aline.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Lingard.French : occupational name for a maker of or dealer in linen goods, from Old French linge ‘linen (goods)’ (see Linge 1).
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Eye Liner
Male
Gaelic
Gaelic form of Latin Alexandrus, ALISTER means "defender of mankind."
Girl/Female
Tamil
Kajalsri | காஜாலà¯à®¸à®°à¯€Â
Eye liner
Kajalsri | காஜாலà¯à®¸à®°à¯€Â
Female
French
 Contracted form of French Adeline, ALINE means "little noble." Compare with another form of Aline.
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Good new
Girl/Female
African American Biblical French
Saturday's child.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Able; Wise
Boy/Male
Hindu
Smart
Girl/Female
Indian
Wish, Desire
Boy/Male
Tamil
Forever
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
Collection of Blue Lotuses
Boy/Male
Indian
Always; Again and Again; God Always with Him
Girl/Female
Hindu
Pupil of the eye
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
The sword of honors
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
ALIGNER SEMICONDUCTOR
v. i.
To linger; to stay; to tarry.
n.
One to whom the title of property is transferred; -- opposed to alienor.
imp. & p. p.
of Linger
imp. & p. p.
of Malinger
n.
One who distributes alms, esp. the doles and alms of religious houses, almshouses, etc.; also, one who dispenses alms for another, as the almoner of a prince, bishop, etc.
v. t.
To range or place in a line; to bring into line; to align.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Linger
v. t.
To adjust or form to a line; to range or form in line; to bring into line; to aline.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Malinger
n.
One who adjusts things to a line or lines or brings them into line.
n.
An under almoner.
v. t.
To spend or pass in a lingering manner; -- with out; as, to linger out one's days on a sick bed.
n.
The office of an almoner.
n.
One who lines, as, a liner of shoes.
n.
One who maligns.
v. t.
To align.
v. i.
To delay; to linger.
v. i.
To dwell; to tarry; to linger.
n.
An almoner.
v. t.
To alien or alienate; to transfer, as title or property; as, to aliene an estate.