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Strained silicon is a layer of silicon in which the silicon atoms are stretched beyond their normal interatomic distance. This can be accomplished by
Strained_silicon
leaving the strained silicon directly on the insulator. In contrast, strained silicon on SGOI provides a strained silicon layer on a relaxed silicon germanium
Strained silicon directly on insulator
Strained_silicon_directly_on_insulator
Photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium
Silicon photonics is the study and application of photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium. The silicon is usually patterned with sub-micrometre
Silicon_photonics
Chemical compound
deposition of Ge-containing films such as high purity Ge, SiGe, and strained silicon. SiGe foundry services are offered by several semiconductor technology
Silicon–germanium
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
Low-κ dielectric insulators. Silicon on insulator (SOI). Strained silicon in a process used by IBM known as Strained silicon directly on insulator (SSDOI)
Integrated_circuit
involves the use of a strain-inducing capping layer. CVD silicon nitride is a common choice for a strained capping layer, in that the magnitude and type of strain
Strain_engineering
Manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
Device Technologies Featuring Metal/High-k Gate Stacks with Uniaxial Strained Silicon Channels on (100) and (110) Substrates". 2006 International Electron
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor_device_fabrication
American engineer
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for contributions to strained silicon transistor technology. "2015 IEEE/EDS Fellows *This is a complete"
Christopher_Auth
Semiconductor device fabrication technology node
90 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) CMOS process, with development led by Shahidi, in 2002. The same year, Intel demonstrated a 90 nm strained-silicon process
90_nm_process
Transfer of electrical energy through a usually-insulating boundary
processor performance. Efforts to minimize leakage include the use of strained silicon, high-κ dielectrics, and/or stronger dopant levels in the semiconductor
Leakage_(electronics)
Chemical compound
Ge films and Ge-containing thin semiconductor films such as SiGe in strained silicon applications, and GeSbTe in NAND Flash applications. IBGe is a non-pyrophoric
Isobutylgermane
Thin-film deposition technique that deposits one 1-atom thick layer at a time
(2007). "A 45nm Logic Technology with High-k+Metal Gate Transistors, Strained Silicon, 9 Cu Interconnect Layers, 193nm Dry Patterning, and 100% Pb-free Packaging"
Atomic_layer_deposition
Method of producing thin films (polycrystalline and single crystal)
GaInP InN InP InAs InAsSb AlInN ZnO ZnS ZnSe ZnTe CdO CdxHg1−xTe Si Ge Strained silicon GeSbTe As MOCVD has become well-established production technology,
Metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy
Metalorganic_vapour-phase_epitaxy
Semiconducting material used in solar cell technology
Crystalline silicon or (c-Si) is the crystalline forms of silicon, either polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si, consisting of small crystals), or monocrystalline
Crystalline_silicon
Brand by Intel
interconnect. The process has features such as strained silicon transistors and low-κ carbon-doped silicon oxide (CDO) dielectric, which is also known as
Pentium_4
current hard disk drive products. IBM also unveils "strained silicon", a breakthrough that alters silicon to boost chip speeds by up to 35 percent. IBM's
History_of_IBM
City in California, United States
in the 1950s and 1960s. The rapid growth of the technology industry in Silicon Valley further accelerated the city's transition from an agricultural center
San_Jose,_California
Semiconductor device fabrication process
2007). "A 45nm Logic Technology with High-k+Metal Gate Transistors, Strained Silicon, 9 Cu Interconnect Layers, 193nm Dry Patterning, and 100% Pb-free Packaging"
45_nm_process
Microscope diffraction technique
channelling contrast imaging of interfacial defects in strained silicon-germanium layers on silicon". Philosophical Magazine A. 68. 1 (1): 59–80. Bibcode:1993PMagA
Electron channelling contrast imaging
Electron_channelling_contrast_imaging
for control of new "diffusion-less" annealing processes and advanced strained silicon processes. To address these new process control requirements, in 2007
Photo-reflectance
GPU series by ATI Technologies
GDDR3 Mobility Radeon X1700 M66 RV535 475 400 550 1.9 1.9 11.2 17.6 strained silicon Mobility Radeon X1800 March 1, 2006 M58 R520 450 500 8:12:12:12 5.4
Radeon_X1000_series
Two-dimensional allotrope of silicon
Silicene is a two-dimensional allotrope of silicon, with a hexagonal honeycomb structure similar to that of graphene. Contrary to graphene, silicene is
Silicene
Houdellier, Florent; Claverie, Alain (2008). "Direct Mapping of Strain in a Strained Silicon Transistor by High-Resolution Electron Microscopy" (PDF). Physical
Eigenstrain
British quantum physicist (born 1969)
Framework IV project "Silicon Quantum Integrated Circuits (SiQUIC)" in 1997 on heterostructure and strained silicon MOSFETs and silicon-germanium resonant-tunneling
Douglas_Paul
realizing these hybrid objects based on sound and matter. By investigating strained silicon systems, the authors identify low-lying donor transitions that can
Phoniton
Series of CPUs by AMD
incorporate dual stress liner technology (an amalgam of strained silicon and 'squeezed silicon', the latter of which is not actually a technology) co-developed
Athlon_64
Valley in Northern California, United States
from farmland to densely populated cities, and it became referred to as Silicon Valley. Once primarily agricultural because of its highly fertile soil
Santa_Clara_Valley
quantitative susceptibility mapping. 2014 Xie, Ya-Hong For contributions to strained-silicon materials and devices. 2015 Bilek, Marcela For contributions to the
List of fellows of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
List_of_fellows_of_IEEE_Engineering_in_Medicine_and_Biology_Society
1995 essay on media theory and Silicon Valley politics
Barbrook and Cameron argue that the rise of networking technologies in Silicon Valley in the 1990s was linked to American neoliberalism and a paradoxical
The_Californian_Ideology
millimeter wave vacuum electronic devices 2015 C Auth For contributions to strained silicon transistor technology 2015 Victor Bright For contributions to micro-
List of fellows of IEEE Electron Devices Society
List_of_fellows_of_IEEE_Electron_Devices_Society
Taiwanese and American businessman (born 1963)
manufacturing process, the relationship between Malachowsky and Priem became strained as the two disputed the chip's design, leading to infighting; according
Jensen_Huang
Chemical compound
silacyclobutane is highly strained, resulting in lower bond energies when compared to related linear or unstrained, silicon-containing or hydrocarbon
Silacyclobutane
Chemical compound
Cyclopropyne is an extremely strained, unstable, and reactive cycloalkyne with the chemical formula C3H2. As the smallest cycloalkyne, it features a three-carbon
Cyclopropyne
Process or characteristic limited to the structure of a single molecule
experienced at the transition state. Although three-membered rings are more strained, formation of aziridine is faster than formation of azetidine due to the
Intramolecular_reaction
Chemical compound
Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane adopts a planar structure and is considered strained. It reacts with organolithium reagents to give, after hydrolysis, dimethylsilanols:
Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane
County in California, United States
populous city in Northern California. Containing significant portions of Silicon Valley, Santa Clara County is an economic center for high technology, and
Santa Clara County, California
Santa_Clara_County,_California
Chemical reaction
Lam, H.; Dudley, G B. (2003), "Oxidation of Carbon−Silicon Bonds: The Dramatic Advantage of Strained Siletanes", Org. Lett., 5 (24): 2120–2122, doi:10
Fleming–Tamao_oxidation
American academic and author
and Applications of SiGe and Si Strained-Layer Epitaxy, CRC Press Extreme Environment Electronics, CRC Press Silicon Earth: Introduction to the Microelectronics
John_D._Cressler
Action-adventure video game series
Interactive. The first title, Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain, was created by Silicon Knights in association with Crystal Dynamics, but, after a legal battle
Legacy_of_Kain
Hard, non-foliated metamorphic rock
highway construction, and as a source of silica for production of silicon and silicon compounds. Quartzite is a very hard rock composed predominantly of
Quartzite
American physicist
to pioneering photonic crystals, he was the first to recognize that a strained quantum-well laser has a significantly reduced threshold current compared
Eli_Yablonovitch
Central atom with four substituents located at the corners of a tetrahedron
paddlanes, and pyramidane ([3.3.3.3]fenestrane). Such molecules are typically strained, resulting in increased reactivity. A tetrahedron can also be distorted
Tetrahedral molecular geometry
Tetrahedral_molecular_geometry
Co-founder of Blizzard Entertainment
Morhaime into forgoing his job offer at Western Digital to instead found Silicon & Synapse in February 1991, later renamed Blizzard Entertainment. After
Allen_Adham
Thin layer of material
optical lenses with transparent multilayers of titanium dioxide, silicon nitride or silicon oxide etc. may correct[dubious – discuss] these aberrations. A
Thin_film
American venture capitalist (born 1985)
against what he described as "lawfare" and a broader culture of silence in Silicon Valley. The Atlantic described Maguire as part of a broader group of "Trumpy
Shaun_Maguire
American researcher, founder, and whistleblower
Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup; Alex Gibney's HBO documentary The Inventor: Out for Blood in Silicon Valley, featuring Shultz's deposition
Tyler_Shultz
Businessman and public official (born 1971)
revealed Musk's overuse of ketamine and numerous other drugs, as well as strained family relationships and concerns from close associates who have become
Elon_Musk
2025 American television series
Adam, who attended Boston University, is more extroverted. They have a strained relationship because Adam is dating Stephens' ex-fiancée. Inga Schlingmann
Watson_(TV_series)
Alloy
ISSN 0003-6951. Lin, S. Y. (1989). "Cyclotron resonance of two-dimensional holes in strained-layer quantum well structure of (100)In0.20Ga0.80As/GaAs". Applied Physics
Indium_gallium_arsenide
Chemical compound
structure is like that of ethylene if ethylene's carbon atoms were replaced by silicon. However, unlike ethylene, disilene is kinetically unstable with respect
Disilene
transition metal is bonded to an anionic silyl ligand, forming a metal-silicon sigma bond. This class of complexes are numerous and some are technologically
Transition metal silyl complexes
Transition_metal_silyl_complexes
American cable channel
San Francisco was chosen as ZDTV's headquarters for its proximity to Silicon Valley and easy access to Multimedia Gulch-based talent. On May 6, 1997
TechTV
Bulgarian state from 1946 to 1990
goods and later of computer technologies, earning it the nickname of "Silicon Valley of the Eastern Bloc". The country's relatively high productivity
People's_Republic_of_Bulgaria
Liability of breakage from stress without significant plastic deformation
example, are embedded in a ductile matrix such as polyester resin. When strained, cracks are formed at the glass–matrix interface, but so many are formed
Brittleness
Malaysia 1957 See Malaysia–United States relations Despite increasingly strained relations under the Mahathir Mohamad government, ties have been thawed
Foreign relations of the United States
Foreign_relations_of_the_United_States
Organic ring compound (C3H4)
formula C3H4. It is the simplest cycloalkene. Because the ring is highly strained, cyclopropene is difficult to prepare and highly reactive. This colorless
Cyclopropene
Sources of electricity or hydrogen via electrolysis
fuel. Incoming sunlight excites free electrons near the surface of the silicon electrode. These electrons flow through wires to the stainless steel electrode
Photoelectrochemical_cell
is known as a popular tourist attraction and has also been dubbed the Silicon Valley of the East due to its leading role as a destination for foreign
Economy_of_Penang
Hypothetical organic molecule with a tetrahedral structure
needed] In tetrasilatetrahedrane features a core of four silicon atoms. The standard silicon–silicon bond is much longer (235 pm) and the cage is again enveloped
Tetrahedrane
2023 American biographical crime drama television miniseries
and 7. Atkinson, Jim; Bloom, John (January 21, 2013). "Love and Death in Silicon Prairie, Part I: Candy Montgomery's Affair". Texas Monthly. No. January
Love_&_Death_(miniseries)
American multinational technology company
vision of Andrew Grove. The company was a key component of the rise of Silicon Valley as a high-tech center, and was an early developer of static (SRAM)
Intel
Diamond created by controlled processes
diamond is often contaminated by silicon originating from the silica windows of the growth chamber or from the silicon substrate. Therefore, silica windows
Synthetic_diamond
California have further strained Santa Clara County's water security. "Early History". Santa Clara County: California's Historic Silicon Valley. National Park
History of Santa Clara County, California
History_of_Santa_Clara_County,_California
2009 film by Jason Reitman
Wisconsin for his sister Julie's wedding, taking Alex as a plus one. He has a strained reunion with his semi-estranged family, who resent his constant absence
Up_in_the_Air_(2009_film)
American computer programmer and activist (1986–2013)
Spencer; Anjali Athavaley; Joe Palazzolo (January 14, 2013). "Legal case strained troubled activist". The Wall Street Journal. p. B1. Archived from the original
Aaron_Swartz
Molecule with a ring of bonded atoms
nitrogen (e.g., trithiazyl trichloride (NSCl)3), silicon (e.g., cyclopentasilane (SiH2)5), silicon and oxygen (e.g., hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane [(CH3)2SiO]3)
Cyclic_compound
Multinational automotive car manufacturing corporation
mounting criticism over its cost-cutting strategy, declining sales, and strained relationships with key stakeholders. Tavares implemented aggressive restructuring
Stellantis
GCD Refers to a Graphics Compute Die. Each GCD is a different piece of silicon. The same applies to XCDs and CCDs. CDNA 2.0 Based cards adopt a design
List of AMD graphics processing units
List_of_AMD_graphics_processing_units
Type of sedimentary rock
Points of contact between grains are under the greatest strain, and the strained mineral is more soluble than the rest of the grain. As a result, the contact
Sandstone
1954–1968 U.S. social movement
rights movement in the South, in the North, many had experienced a more strained relationship with African Americans. It has been argued that with Black
Civil_rights_movement
Season of television series
supplement company Dylan Arnold as Theo Engler, a college student with a strained relationship with his stepfather, Matthew Engler, and who suffers from
You_season_3
Swedish professor of microelectronics
course of his professorship at KTH. where he is mainly focused on silicon/silicon germanium devices and process technology for MOSFETs, HBTs, and thermal
Henry_Radamson
2012–2019 American comedy television series
Olagundoye). The series also explores Meyer's personal life, such as her strained relationships with her daughter Catherine (Sarah Sutherland), ex-husband
Veep
First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017
United Church of Christ saying: "Our relations with Trinity have been strained by the divisive statements of Reverend Wright, which sharply conflict with
Michelle_Obama
American novelist (born 1957)
The Lost Father (1992). A Regular Guy (1996) explores the strained relationship of a Silicon Valley tycoon with a daughter born out of wedlock, whom he
Mona_Simpson
Type of field-effect transistor
transistor), which Mimura had been researching as an alternative to the standard silicon (Si) MOSFET since 1977. He conceived the HEMT in the spring of 1979, when
High-electron-mobility transistor
High-electron-mobility_transistor
Measure of chemical reaction in cement
defects at and below the particle surface. The dissolution rate of the strained or partially disconnected silicate moieties is strongly enhanced. Even
Pozzolanic_activity
President of the United States from 2021 to 2025
discussions, which irked Biden. Relations between the two campaigns became strained for a month, until Biden apologized to Obama and the two built a stronger
Joe_Biden
Political party in the United States
Israel. Retrieved June 17, 2026. Lillis, Mike (February 28, 2024). "GOP strained by Trump-influenced shift from Reagan on Russia". The Hill. Archived from
Republican Party (United States)
Republican_Party_(United_States)
Quantity in material science
in place to accommodate large strains. Low SFE materials also twin when strained. If deformation twinning is combined with regular shear deformation, the
Stacking-fault_energy
Chemical compound
films present, researchers have alloyed hafnium oxide with aluminum or silicon (forming hafnium silicates), which have a higher crystallization temperature
Hafnium(IV)_oxide
Society for Political Methodology was moved off of campus citing a "long-strained relations between the LGBTQ community and BYU" and concerns over the university's
LGBTQ rights and the LDS Church
LGBTQ_rights_and_the_LDS_Church
Semiconductor laser that uses quantum dots as the active laser medium
metro-access systems. In comparison to the performance of conventional strained quantum-well lasers of the past, the new quantum dot laser achieves significantly
Quantum_dot_laser
networks and then sequentially forming a secondary network within the strained material. This takes advantage of the anisotropic strain hardening of the
Strengthening mechanisms of materials
Strengthening_mechanisms_of_materials
Title character of the Legacy of Kain series
Blood Omen: Legacy of Kain in 1996, he was created by Denis Dyack and Silicon Knights, and has appeared in all subsequent Legacy of Kain games under
Kain_(Legacy_of_Kain)
Chinese multinational technology company
2020, TSMC confirmed it would halt the shipment of silicon wafers to Huawei and its subsidiary HiSilicon by 14 September. On its most crucial business, namely
Huawei
Season of television series
Andrew Asare commented that "we're in for quite a season [of] divorce, strained relationships, and tested marriages and friendships" after the premiere
The Real Housewives of Atlanta season 6
The_Real_Housewives_of_Atlanta_season_6
Probe which tests for biological molecules
layered silicon-silicon oxide substrate, an interferometric signature is produced. As biomass, which has a similar index of refraction as silicon oxide
Biosensor
American basketball player (born 1984)
playing against the Los Angeles Lakers on November 23, 2013, Iguodala strained his left hamstring late in the third quarter and went on to miss 12 consecutive
Andre_Iguodala
2015 film by Danny Boyle
with 9-year-old Lisa. However, his relationship with Brennan is still strained. He accuses her of irresponsible behavior and using Lisa to get money from
Steve_Jobs_(film)
Any chemical compound having one atom as the only common member of two rings
Spironolactone, a commercial diuretic medication Spiropentadiene, which is highly strained. (A) 1-Bromo-3-chlorospiro[4.5]decan-7-ol, and (B) '1-bromo-3-chlorospiro[3
Spiro_compound
List of FBI television series characters
of Antonio Vargas, the head of the Durango cartel in 2013. Isobel has a strained relationship with her father, Robert who is General Counsel of the Legal
List_of_FBI_characters
Season of television series
McCune). Mickey is depressed over the disappearance of Ian, and he has a strained relationship with his pregnant wife, Svetlana. Mickey eventually tracks
Shameless_season_4
U.S. presidential administration since 2025
The state visit occurred between September 16–18, 2025. Relations became strained in March 2026 due to Starmer's refusal to join the U.S.–Israeli strikes
Second presidency of Donald Trump
Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump
Federal capital district of the United States
the City of Washington in 1895. However, the city had poor housing and strained public works; this led it to become the first city in the nation to undergo
Washington,_D.C.
Reuse of scrap aluminium
recycling increased most significantly in volume when metal resources were strained during WWI, as the U.S. government campaigned for civilians to donate old
Aluminium_recycling
France's external intelligence agency
manslaughter and arson. French relations with New Zealand were sorely strained, as they threatened New Zealand with EEC sanctions in an attempt to secure
Directorate General for External Security
Directorate_General_for_External_Security
boundary at which the middle layer is strained to accommodate the transition from one stacking pattern to the other. Silicon transistors are either p-type or
Potential applications of graphene
Potential_applications_of_graphene
American businessman and investor (born 1956)
Emily; Bass, Dina (November 4, 2016). "Steve Ballmer Says Smartphones Strained His Relationship With Bill Gates". Bloomberg. Archived from the original
Steve_Ballmer
to go head-to-head in the general election. Benson and Gatling—who had strained relations due to the race—make peace with each other and watch the tight
1986_in_American_television
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
Boy/Male
Hindu
Peaceful, Restrained
Girl/Female
Biblical
Stringed instruments.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sindhi
Rained
Boy/Male
Muslim
Trained
Boy/Male
Indian
Trained
Boy/Male
British, English
Falcon Trainer
Boy/Male
British, English
Falcon Trainer
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Self Restrained
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Self Restrained
Boy/Male
Tamil
Restrained
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from a place on the Thames west of London, apparently named with the plural of Old English stÄn ‘stone’. The reference may be to milestones on the Roman road that ran through the town.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Name of Goddess Lakshmi
Biblical
stringed instruments
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Self Restrained
Boy/Male
Spanish
Strict; restrained.
Boy/Male
Irish
Strand.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Peaceful, Restrained
Boy/Male
Hindu
Restrained
Boy/Male
Australian, Biblical, Finnish, German
Dedicated; Disciplined; Experienced; Trained
Girl/Female
Latin
Retrained.
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
Girl/Female
French American Latin
Heavenly.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trishala | தà¯à®°à®¿à®·à®¾à®²à®¾
Trident (Mother of Lord Mahavir)
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Wisdom
Boy/Male
Bengali, Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Telugu
Forest Tiger; Forest King; Sharp
Girl/Female
Australian, German, Indian
Wonderful; Of Sun
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
A Part of Shiva
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian
Advice
Boy/Male
Welsh
Legendary son of Caradawg.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Lovable; Wish; Desire
Surname or Lastname
English (Norfolk and Suffolk)
English (Norfolk and Suffolk) : topographic name for someone who lived at the foot of a hill.
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
STRAINED SILICON
n.
The process of straining; the matter strained; a strainer.
imp. & p. p.
of Strain
n.
The act of straining, or the state of being strained.
a.
Having strings; as, a stringed instrument.
a.
Not strained; not cleared or purified by straining; as, unstrained oil or milk.
imp. & p. p.
of Straiten
v. t.
To drive on a strand; hence, to run aground; as, to strand a ship.
n.
A workman who stains; as, a stainer of wood.
a.
Marked with striaae, or fine grooves, or lines of color; showing narrow structural bands or lines; as, a striated crystal; striated muscular fiber.
a.
Done or produced with straining or excessive effort; as, his wit was strained.
a.
Not forced; easy; natural; as, a unstrained deduction or inference.
n.
One who strains.
imp. & p. p.
of Strand
n.
Turn; tendency; inborn disposition. Cf. 1st Strain.
v. t.
To break a strand of (a rope).
a.
Restrained by one's self or itself; restrained by one's own power or will.
a.
Painted or stained in imitation of the grain of wood, marble, etc.
a.
Not trained.
a.
Subjected to great or excessive tension; wrenched; weakened; as, strained relations between old friends.
n.
Overexertion; excessive tension; strain.