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Variations of the economic philosophy
Types of socialism include a range of economic and social systems characterized by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production and
Types_of_socialism
Political philosophy emphasising social ownership of production
political spectrum, socialism is the standard left-wing ideology in most countries. Types of socialism vary based on the role of markets and planning
Socialism
Centre-left political ideology
political ideology. Some academics view social democracy as distinct from socialism, whilst other academics purport that social democracy lies within the
Social_democracy
many types of socialism, most critiques are focused on a specific type of socialism, that of the command economy and the experience of Soviet-type economies
Criticism_of_socialism
Political philosophy
Democratic socialism is a set of left-wing political philosophies that supports political democracy and some form of a socially owned economy, with a
Democratic_socialism
Endonymic term used by the CPSU to describe the late-Soviet political economy
Developed socialism (Russian: Развито́й социали́зм), formally developed socialist society, is according to the historiography of the Communist Party of the
Developed_socialism
Type of socialist philosophy
Christian socialism is a religious and political philosophy that blends Christianity and socialism, endorsing socialist economics on the basis of the Bible
Christian_socialism
Socialist political ideology stressing revolution
Revolutionary socialism is a political philosophy, doctrine, and tradition within socialism that stresses the idea that a social revolution is necessary
Revolutionary_socialism
Type of socialism emphasizing ethics
Ethical socialism is a political ideology and philosophy that appeals to socialism on ethical and moral grounds as opposed to consumeristic, economic,
Ethical_socialism
Political strategy for implementing socialism
State socialism is a political and economic ideology within the socialist movement that advocates state ownership of the means of production. This is
State_socialism
Political labor movement
Guild socialism is an ideology and a political movement advocating workers' control of industry through the medium of trade-related guilds "in an implied
Guild_socialism
Social-political-economic theory
socialism in Marxism is the application of historical materialism to the development of socialism, as not just a practical and achievable outcome of historical
Scientific_socialism
Political theory concerned with imagined socialist societies
"Utopian socialism" is the term often used to describe the first current of modern socialism and socialist thought as exemplified by the work of Henri de
Utopian_socialism
Political ideology
Agrarian socialism is a political ideology that promotes social ownership of agrarian and agricultural production as opposed to private ownership. Agrarian
Agrarian_socialism
Type of socialism that uses local government to further socialist aims
Municipal socialism is a type of socialism that uses local government to further socialist aims. It is a form of municipalism in which its explicitly socialist
Municipal_socialism
Type of socialist philosophy
Islamic socialism is a political philosophy that incorporates elements of Islam into a system of socialism. As a term, it was coined by various left-wing
Islamic_socialism
American socialist ideology regarding the Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights socialism is an ideology based on the interpretation that the United States Bill of Rights advocated for a socialist society or that if
Bill_of_Rights_socialism
Political philosophy incorporating liberal principles to socialism
Liberal socialism is a political philosophy that incorporates liberal principles into socialism. The philosophy emphasizes the compatibility of individual
Liberal_socialism
Alternative to the "Red socialism" advocated in Marxism
Yellow socialism, or yellow unionism, was an economic system proposed in 1902 in France by Pierre Biétry, as an alternative to the "red socialism" advocated
Yellow_socialism
Socialist economic-political system
Authoritarian socialism, or socialism from above, is an economic and political system supporting some form of socialist economics while rejecting political
Authoritarian_socialism
Interpretation of socialist principles
Socialism of the 21st century is an interpretation of socialist principles first advocated by German sociologist and political analyst Heinz Dieterich
Socialism_of_the_21st_century
Form of socialism in Melanesia from the 1980s
The concept of Melanesian socialism was first advocated by Walter Lin̄i of the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu), who became the country's first Prime Minister
Melanesian_socialism
Socialism based on the principles of Buddhism
Buddhist socialism refers to a set of philosophies and political ideologies which synthesize the socioeconomic views and egalitarian values of socialism with
Buddhist_socialism
Political ideology formed amongst African Americans
African-American socialism is a political current that emerged in the nineteenth century, specifically referring to the origins and proliferation of Marxist ideologies
African-American_socialism
Political ideology
Arab socialism (Arabic: الإشتِراكيّة العربية, romanized: Al-Ishtirākīya Al-'Arabīya) is a political ideology based on the combination of pan-Arabism or
Arab_socialism
Socialist tendency of the 1820s–1840s
Ricardian socialism is a branch of socialist thought that developed in Great Britain between the 1820s and 1840s. Its proponents drew on David Ricardo's
Ricardian_socialism
Left-wing nationalist ideology
Popular socialism (German: Volkssozialismus; Czech: Národní socialismus; Slovene: Narodni socializem) is a distinct socialist ideology in Central Europe
Popular socialism (Central Europe)
Popular_socialism_(Central_Europe)
Set of policies and ideals from Xi Jinping
Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, commonly abbreviated outside China as Xi Jinping Thought or Xi-ism, is a political
Xi_Jinping_Thought
Political philosophy and movement
wing of the socialist movement, broadly known as libertarian socialism. Although traces of anarchist ideas are found all throughout history, modern anarchism
Anarchism
Theory of governance proposed by Muammar Gaddafi
officially based. It combined elements of Arab nationalism, Islamism, Nasserism, anti-imperialism, Islamic socialism, left-wing populism, African nationalism
Third_International_Theory
Social and economic model in Nordic countries
Two solutions emerged. The country could transition to socialism, socializing (taking ownership of) industry or commit capitalism and markets by embracing
Nordic_model
State ideology of North Korea
superiority of the Juche idea defined and strengthened Korean socialism. He then conceded by stating that Socialism of Our Style was "a man-centered Socialism",
Juche
Socialist tendency developed by Ferdinand Lassalle
bring about socialism. Its central practical demand was for state aid to be provided for the establishment of producer cooperatives. Proponents of this strategy
Lassalleanism
Form of democracy emphasizing socialism
principles of both socialism and democracy. Democracy is a key component of most schools of thought within socialism, including variants of Marxism, anarchism
Socialist_democracy
Left-leaning variant of Zionism
contradiction between socialism and nationalism within the Jewish diaspora.[citation needed] Labor Zionism was one of the most mainstream forms of Zionism prior
Labor_Zionism
Political philosophy developed by Sun Yat-sen
program of capitalist industrial benefit. In response, Zhu Zhixin claimed that the Tongmenghui's form of socialism did not demand the expropriation of private
Three Principles of the People
Three_Principles_of_the_People
Political and socioeconomic ideology
after World War II. By the 1920s, communism had become one of the two dominant types of socialism in the world, the other being social democracy. Communist
Communism
Form of socialism based on religious values
Religious socialism is a type of socialism based on religious values and religious worldviews. Members of several major religions have found that their
Religious_socialism
Book by Francis Dashwood Tandy in 1896
Voluntary Socialism is a work of nonfiction by the American mutualist Francis Dashwood Tandy (1867–1913). First published in 1896, it was favorably cited
Voluntary_Socialism
Left-wing variant of communism
Authoritarian socialism Council communism Left-wing politics Left communism in China Libertarian socialism List of left-wing internationals List of left communists
Left_communism
Political ideology advocating gradual change
new religious denominations. There are two types of reformism. One has no intention of bringing about socialism or fundamental economic change to society
Reformism
Economic system based on social ownership of the means of production in a market economy
Market socialism is a type of economic system involving social ownership of the means of production within the framework of a market economy. Various models
Market_socialism
Variety of Marxism–Leninism in China
down, but I figured that if this was socialism, then socialism must be a correct view. So I read more of the works of the socialists and began to see a strong
Maoism
Socialist tendency developed by Nikolai Bukharin
believing that the prosperity of the peasantry would stimulate industrial growth. This strategy of "growing into socialism" was designed to achieve social
Bukharinism
Overview of and topical guide to socialism
overview of and topical guide to socialism: Socialism – range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production
Outline_of_socialism
Ideology asserting the inevitability of communal association
and subsequent scholarship have identified Fourier's set of ideas as a form of utopian socialism. Never tested in practice at any scale in Fourier's lifetime
Fourierism
Branch of anarchism emphasizing social solidarity
utopian socialism, democratic socialism and authoritarian socialism. Social anarchism rejects private property, particularly private ownership of the means
Social_anarchism
Ownership of industry, assets, or businesses by a public body
state ownership of the means of production may be labelled state socialism. State ownership was recognized by Friedrich Engels in Socialism: Utopian and
State_ownership
Political ideology of Aneurin Bevan
pluralist conception of democratic socialism, tempered by pragmatic sensibilities and practical application. The Bevanite Group of MPs, of which there were
Bevanism
Armed movement identified with the ideas of Emiliano Zapata
Liberation Army of the South led by Zapata were known as "Zapatistas". Zapatismo is a form of agrarian socialism. The popularity of Zapata and Zapatismo
Zapatismo
Western European political ideology
ideology Popular socialism (Nordic countries) – Type of socialist ideology Social democracy – Centre-left political ideology Socialism in Canada Solidarity
Eurocommunism
Brazilian political ideology named after Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
which united the maintenance of stability and state distributism are the origins of Lulism. While advocating socialism, Lulism aims for a 'social liberal'
Lulism
Political school of thought
as a critique of Étienne Cabet's utopian socialism. In his Code, Dézamy advocated the abolition of money, of the division of labour and of the state. He
Anarchist_communism
Variety of Marxism developed by Leon Trotsky
expression of historical processes. Trotskyists are critical of Stalinism as they oppose Stalin's theory of socialism in one country in favour of Trotsky's
Trotskyism
German politician and theorist (1850–1932)
A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), Bernstein is best known for his reformist challenge to Marxism known as evolutionary socialism or revisionism
Eduard_Bernstein
Political umbrella term
Third World socialism is an umbrella term for many movements and governments of the 20th century—all variants of socialism—that have taken place in numerous
Third_World_socialism
Branch of socialism based on Hindu nationalist interpretation
Gandhian socialism is the branch of socialism based on the Hindu nationalist interpretation of the theories of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhian socialism generally
Gandhian socialism (Hindu nationalism)
Gandhian_socialism_(Hindu_nationalism)
Anarchist organisational model for trade unions
vehicle for class conflict. Drawing from the theory of libertarian socialism and the practice of syndicalism, anarcho-syndicalism sees trade unions as
Anarcho-syndicalism
Communist ideology
pursued independently of and often in opposition to the policies of the Soviet Union. In contrast to Joseph Stalin's policy of "socialism in one country",
Titoism
British Labour Party ideology
control of the economy. Theoretically, it repudiated the long-standing orthodox position that identified socialism with public ownership of the means of production
Gaitskellism
Left-wing political ideology
(particularly the policies of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank). According to Chávez, Venezuelan socialism accepts private property,
Chavismo
Arab socialist and nationalist political ideology
referred to its socialism as "state socialism" or "white socialism", accentuating that it is opposed to "red socialism" of the Marxist type. The main reason
Nasserism
socialism originates in the 19th century, with roots as far back as the English Civil War. It has taken many different forms, from the communism of Robert
Socialism in the United Kingdom
Socialism_in_the_United_Kingdom
Pan-Arab socialist ideology
founded on the principles of Arab nationalism, Pan-Arabism, and Arab socialism, as exemplified by its slogan "Unity, Freedom, Socialism". Ba'athism advocates
Ba'athism
Argentine political movement
forge a socialist transformation of society." Mariano Mestman wrote that "Peronism was proposing a type of Socialism at times called 'national', different
Peronism
Marxian economy centered around use value, planning and contribution-based distribution
mode of production, also known as socialism, is a specific historical phase of base and superstructural development and its corresponding set of social
Socialist_mode_of_production
Italian syncretic political ideology associated with Bettino Craxi
considered a derogatory term today, was based on a synthesis of social democracy, socialism and liberal conservatism. Although the PSI under Craxi was associated
Craxism
Political philosophy of Mexico's Zapatista Army of National Liberation
This integration of socialism with the Mayan cosmology and history of resistance crystallised as Neozapatismo during the uprising of 1994. Notable transformations
Neozapatismo
Revolutionary Marxist ideology
transition from capitalism to socialism (referred to interchangeably under Lenin as the dictatorship of the proletariat), socialism being the intermediate stage
Bolshevism
Republic formed of workers' councils
of Soviet Socialist Republics or any of its two very distinct types of republics: The larger union republics, representing the main ethnic groups of the
Soviet_republic
Communist political ideology
masses, consolidation of the dictatorship of the proletariat and strengthening of the party and for the building of socialism. The mass line can be summarized
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Advocacy for the ideas of Georges Sorel
abandonment of socialist literature in 1910, and claimed in 1914, using an aphorism of Benedetto Croce, that "socialism is dead" due to the "decomposition of Marxism"
Sorelianism
Political philosophy named after Ho Chi Minh
emphasis on the role of the development of the productive forces. According to Ho Chi Minh, when entering the period of transition to socialism, the Vietnamese
Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought
Communist political and military theory
executed, becoming a martyr to both the world communist movement and socialism in general. His ideology promotes exporting revolution to any country
Guevarism
African socialist political ideology
independence is an act of revolution. But because of the continuity of communalism with socialism, in communalistic society, socialism is not a revolutionary
Nkrumaism
Political theory developed by Vladimir Lenin
framework of historical materialism, which sanctioned political commitment to the successful overthrow of capitalism, and then to instituting socialism; and
Leninism
Set of welfare programmes implemented in the German Empire
State Socialism (German: Staatssozialismus) was a set of social programs implemented in the German Empire that were initiated by Otto von Bismarck in 1883
State_Socialism_(Germany)
Modern politico-economic ideology
Democratic socialism Marxian economics Marxist cultural analysis Marxist feminism Marxist humanism Open Marxism Post-Marxism Socialism of the 21st century
Neo-Marxism
Types of democracy refers to the various governance structures that embody the principles of democracy ("rule by the people") in some way. Democracy is
Types_of_democracy
Italian Marxist tendency
not as a step towards socialism, but as capital's attempt to control the primary political threat to its rule: the wage struggles of the working class. For
Operaismo
Anarchist school of thought and socialist economic theory
of creating a federal society. Mutualism has its roots in the utopian socialism of Robert Owen and Charles Fourier. It first developed a practical expression
Mutualism_(economic_theory)
Left-wing nationalist movement in Latin America
supporting Chavismo include the Communist Party of Venezuela and Venezuelan Popular Unity. The Movement for Socialism (Spanish: Movimiento al Socialismo or MAS)
Bolivarianism
Syncretic political ideology
Paetel advocated for a synthesis of radical nationalism and Soviet socialism to oppose Western liberalism and the Treaty of Versailles. This German current
National_Bolshevism
Political philosophy
contrasted from other forms of socialism by its rejection of state ownership and from other forms of libertarianism by its rejection of private property. Broadly
Libertarian_socialism
Argentine political movement
factions of Peronists and generally considered to fall into the category of left-wing populism. It is considered a representative of the socialism of the 21st
Kirchnerism
Fascist movement during World War II
Croatian socialism (Croatian: Hrvatski socializam) was the social-economic ideology adopted by the Ustaše movement in the Independent State of Croatia
Croatian_socialism
American variant of Marxism–Leninism
Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-1458-8. Crowder, Brad (December 8, 2020). "Bill of Rights socialism and the future of the republic". Communist
Browderism
Marxist ideology
Labor Party of America Socialist Union Party Communism portal Organized labour portal Socialism portal Anarcho-syndicalism Democratic socialism Economic
De_Leonism
Transfer of privately owned assets to the national government
transitioning to socialism. In this context, the goals of nationalization were to dispossess large capitalists, redirect the profits of industry to the
Nationalization
Bangladeshi political ideology
Bangladesh. Mujibism consists of four fundamental policies: nationalism, socialism, democracy, and secularism. On 7 June 1972, he said that before the country's
Mujibism
Form of revolutionary organisation
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's mutualism, a form of socialism that focused on cooperation among the community of man. He coined capitalist to describe the political
Syndicalism
Body of Marxist thought, prominent until World War I
revealed the laws of history and proved that the collapse of capitalism and its replacement by socialism were inevitable. The implications of this deterministic
Orthodox_Marxism
Political terminology and perspective
Bourgeois socialism or conservative socialism (i.e. conservation of the mode of production, not to be confused with social conservatism) was a term used
Bourgeois_socialism
Political philosophy developed by and centered on Kaysone Phomvihane
(2018). "Legitimation of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party: Socialism, Chintanakan Mai (New Thinking) and Reform". Journal of Contemporary Asia. 58
Kaysone_Phomvihane_Thought
Soviet-type economic planning enforced by the ruling communist parties
Real socialism, actually existing socialism or developed socialism was an ideological catchphrase popularized during the Brezhnev era in the Eastern Bloc
Real_socialism
often described with the phrase utopian socialism. Gender and sexuality were significant concerns for many of the leading thinkers such as Charles Fourier
Socialism_and_LGBTQ_rights
Form of communism based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ
such as the one described in the Acts of the Apostles, as an early form of communism or Christian socialism. They believe that communism was Christianity
Christian_communism
Marxist analysis of USSR bureaucracy as non- or anti-proletarian
socialists through Draper's pamphlet Two Souls of Socialism - which advocated for a popular and democratic "socialism from below". However, due to the International
Shachtmanism
Arrangement which involves workers making decisions
anarcho-syndicalism and new unionism, represented one of the dominant themes in revolutionary socialism and played a prominent role in international labour
Industrial_democracy
Ethnonationalist strain of communism in the Polish People's Republic
national communism that sought to augment real socialism with nationalism; it was known for its embrace of Roman Catholicism, fervent anti-liberalism, and
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