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Unintentional steering by engine torque
Torque steer is the influence of engine torque on the steering, especially in high power front-wheel-drive vehicles. For example, during heavy acceleration
Torque_steer
Land vehicle steering method
Differential steering is the means of steering a land vehicle by applying more drive torque to one side of the vehicle than the other. Differential steering is
Differential_steering
Automotive technology
steering column to transfer some steering torque to the wheels. It is often associated with other drive by wire technologies. A vehicle with a steer-by-wire
Steer-by-wire
Device that helps steer vehicles by augmenting steering effort of the steering wheel
measuring the torque applied to the steering wheel has a torque sensor – a torsion bar at the lower end of the steering column. As the steering wheel rotates
Power_steering
Control of the direction of motion of vehicles and other objects
wheel Skid steer Steer-by-wire Steering damper Steering kickback Steering ratio Steering wheel Steering wheel (ship) Tiller Torque steering Turning radius
Steering
Single-track vehicle steering technique
distinction between steer torque and steer angle ... is not always made." In countersteering to turn right, the following is performed: A torque on the handlebars
Countersteering
Science behind the motion of bicycles and motorcycles
momentary steering in the opposite direction, called countersteering. Unlike other wheeled vehicles, the primary control input on bikes is steering torque, not
Bicycle and motorcycle dynamics
Bicycle_and_motorcycle_dynamics
Term used in automotive technology
utilized; in addition, the high power of high-performance cars can result in torque steer. Electronic traction control can avoid wheel-spin but largely negates
Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout
Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout
Automotive technology
electric power steering or power-assist, as those systems still rely on the steering column to mechanically transfer some steering torque to the wheels
Drive_by_wire
Torque aligning tire to travel direction
which tends to steer it, i.e. rotate it around its vertical axis. In the presence of a non-zero slip angle, this torque tends to steer the tire toward
Self_aligning_torque
and steering response of the vehicle. It may also provide additional benefits in front-wheel drive vehicles by reducing wheel hop and torque steer. The
Lower_tie_bar
Type of automotive suspension design
scrub where the center of the steering axis is offset from the center of the front tires, which results in torque steer. Despite the drawbacks, the MacPherson
MacPherson_strut
Video game controller for the PlayStation
wheel of the kind often used for audio or video control. Actions such as torque steer, collisions, and feedback from turning the automobile all can be felt
Jogcon
Modified Mini city car (1989–1991)
instruments in an ERA-designed dash panel, pile carpeting, and a sunroof. Torque steer, common in a front-wheel drive layout, is mitigated by greater front-wheel
ERA_Mini_Turbo
Compact car
same torque compared to the Honda. It also has the same dual-axis front suspension setup as the Civic Type R that is meant to quell torque steer. Adaptive
Acura_Integra_(2023)
Technology in all-wheel drive vehicles
Torque vectoring is a technology employed in automobile differentials that has the ability to vary the torque to each half-shaft with an electronic system;
Torque_vectoring
Differential gearbox that limits the rotational speed difference of output shafts
open under deceleration. In a powerful front-wheel drive scenario where torque steer is a constant enemy, this approach [1 way LSD] has some definite advantages
Limited-slip_differential
advantage of RevoKnuckle compared to MacPherson struts is the reduction in torque steer, especially for high powered front-wheel drive (FWD) applications. The
RevoKnuckle
Any wheel of a motor vehicle that transmits force
power and steering must both be combined in the front axle). For four-wheeled vehicles, two-wheel drive describes vehicles that transmit torque to at most
Drive_wheel
Drivetrain where wheels receive torque from motors independent of each other
the front wheels. Direct-drive mechanism Drive-by-wire Skid-steer loader Torque steer Torque vectoring Uni Wheel Zero-turn mower Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive
Individual_wheel_drive
Motor vehicle
seconds with the automatic transmission. They noted large amounts of torque steer from a dead stop. This was also the last year that the Buick sourced
Pontiac_Grand_Am
Plug-in hybrid sports car
transverse links. This design enables the front suspension to counteract torque steer. Most suspension parts are made of aluminium. The rear suspension is
Polestar_1
Motor vehicle
differential, like that found on the MK2 Ford Focus RS, to reduce the torque steer faced by front-wheel-drive cars. The RCZ R went on sale in January 2014
Peugeot_RCZ
High performance variant of the Honda Civic
torque traded for low-rpm torque compared to the JDM variant. In 2003, the EP3 was updated with many improvements – revised EPS with quicker steering
Honda_Civic_Type_R
Torque in electrical motors
In electromechanics, the cogging torque of electrical motors is the torque due to the interaction between the permanent magnets of the rotor and the stator
Cogging_torque
adoption, at least for light automobiles. Steering kickback is distinct from torque steering, bump steer or roll steer. These are similar outside influences
Steering_kickback
Motor vehicle
simple thumb-operated switch and a torque-sensing front differential that reduces torque steer for lighter steering effort in 4WD. Available beginning
Honda_Rincon
Pair of exhibition funny cars
problems. The tremendous amount of power at the front wheels caused massive torque steer, resulting in difficulty in keeping the car in a straight line. The rear
Hurst_Hairy_Olds
5-speed automotive transmission
features include the provision of equal length driveshafts (to combat torque steer) and synchromesh on reverse gear. The transmission was first used on
Ford_MTX-75_transmission
Automatic transmission made by Chrysler
TorqueFlite (also seen as Torqueflite) is the trademarked name of Chrysler Corporation's automatic transmissions, starting with the three-speed unit introduced
TorqueFlite
Sports sedan and rally car
transaxle were rotated 180° to better balance the weight and eliminate torque steer. There were two versions available, the RS and GSR. The RS version was
Mitsubishi_Lancer_Evolution
steer. The aligning torque directly twists the wheel on the compliances in the suspension, generating a steer angle. Under-steer. In this case, the tendency
Bundorf_analysis
Compact car manufactured by Chevrolet
modified versions of the X-body vehicles in which heavy torque steer had been engineered out (torque steer was a handling trait common to X-platform vehicles)
Chevrolet_Citation
Entry-level luxury car by Acura (1996–2014)
monitoring system (TPMS) and a new engine management system to help reduce torque steer. The new horsepower rating of 258 hp (192 kW) was due to a change in
Acura_TL
Principle of automotive steering and handling
scrub radius difference is negligible. Negative scrub radius decreases torque steer and improves stability in the event of brake failure. SLA suspensions
Scrub_radius
Measuring a wheel rim diameter to find the wheel's size
of the steering knuckle, the way bumps, road imperfections, and acceleration/braking forces turn into steering torques (bump-steer, torque-steer, etc.)
Wheel_sizing
Second generation of Ford Focus marketed in Europe and other international markets
output. The car remains front wheel drive, but to reduce torque steer uses a Quaife Automatic Torque Biasing LSD, and a specially designed MacPherson strut
Ford Focus (second generation, Europe)
Ford_Focus_(second_generation,_Europe)
Saab-designed five-speed manual transmission
traction. This type of differential can severely reduce the effects of torque-steer. The gearbox has shown to hold more power than the factory stated quite
F35_transmission
Battery electric hatchback produced by Honda (2020-2024)
wheels eliminates torque steer. Agility is aided by torque vectoring. The rear-drive also enables the front wheels to have a greater steering articulation
Honda_e
Simulator steering wheel
simulator steering wheels with reduction gearing via gears or belts), and is used similarly as with other simulator steering wheels for providing torque feedback
Direct-drive_sim_racing_wheel
Mechanical device
use is in power steering on automobiles. Another use is on the differential analyser, where it was used to increase the output torque of the otherwise
Torque_amplifier
the motor and transmission, while the number 310 refers to the maximum torque of 310 Nm.] Dr.-Ing. Doerr, Joachim; Dipl.-Ing. Fröhlich, Gerhard; Dipl
List of Volkswagen Group electric drive units
List_of_Volkswagen_Group_electric_drive_units
Motor vehicle
low-end torque, a characteristic of this Alpine brand. The engine was praised by Robinson for its "smooth responsiveness" and "torque steer has been
Lancia_Kappa
Luxury car series produced by Lexus
complained that so much power to the front wheels has produced uncomfortable torque steer in both the new ES and Camry.[citation needed] The ES 350 arrived at
Lexus_ES
Swedish compact executive car (1998–2014)
Some journalists have criticised the Viggen, in particular for untamed torque steer in low gears, with Britain's Evo Magazine naming the car as one of its
Saab_9-3
Compact executive car manufactured by Jaguar Cars
Traction or Jaguar Traction 4) and handling and steering engineered to minimise front-wheel drive torque-steer. Initially, the X-Type was available only with
Jaguar_X-Type
Motor vehicle
however, is minimal and is largely absorbed by rubber engine mounts. Torque steer is also reduced with this type of power train layout. This is achieved
Subaru_Tribeca
Type of linear actuator
gear, for the same input torque. Also, a rack and pinion pair can be used in the opposite way, to turn linear force into torque; whereas a worm drive can
Rack_and_pinion
Model of compact car
crankshaft (harmonic balancer), but with some vibration from offsets. Torque steer is also reduced with this type of powertrain layout since the front drive
Subaru_Impreza
Motor vehicle
differential technology, for improved cornering, reducing wheel spin, and torque steer, to help mitigate understeer common to front-wheel-drive cars. References:
Alfa_Romeo_GT
Motor vehicle
in traction and controllability, and drawbacks such as torque steer, bump steer and steering kickback were not insurmountable." This was the only front-wheel-drive
Lotus_Elan
Power transmission and braking technology
A torque tube system is a power transmission and braking technology that involves a stationary housing around the drive shaft, often used in automobiles
Torque_tube
Motor vehicle
TorSen differential further developed from the Rover 220 Turbo, reduced torque steer and improved straight-line stability. The price was £18,000, excluding
Rover_200_/_25
articulation. By design the vehicle is somewhat prone to stability-degrading torque steer and body roll. The truck features zip-ties retaining metal anti-sway
Tamiya_TXT-1
Car produced by Citroën from 1970 to 1975
technical issues needed to be overcome, especially related to torque steer, where excessive steering feedback affects control of the vehicle. A solution was
Citroën_SM
Sports car
(203 N⋅m) of torque. 2000GT Twin Cam 24: 1,988 cc (1.988 L; 121.3 cu in) DOHC 1G-GEU 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) and 134 lb⋅ft (182 N⋅m) of torque. 2000 Turbo:
Toyota_Supra
Type of motor vehicle transmission
pump mounted between the torque converter and the planetary gear set. The input for the main pump is connected to the torque converter housing, which
Automatic_transmission
Mid-size sedan
as HiPer Strut, designed to improve ride and handling while reducing torque steer. The Buick LaCrosse CXS included a system marketed as Real Time Damping
Buick_LaCrosse
Type of steering control in land vehicles
effectively convey torque to the steering system, especially in vehicles without power steering or in the rare event of a loss of steering assist. A typical
Steering_wheel
Motor vehicle
and peak torque increased from 295 lb-ft to 373 – reducing the zero-to-60 time by 1.5 seconds. The 2016 models featured revised torque-steer-mitigating
Cadillac_ELR
Mid-size/large family car manufactured by Opel
modified MacPherson strut front suspension called HiPerStrut which reduces torque steer. Also standard is an electronic limited-slip differential for the rear
Opel_Insignia
Automotive transmission technology
compromise between the maximum gear ratio and torque. Steel-reinforced V-belts are sufficient for low-mass, low-torque applications like utility vehicles and
Continuously variable transmission
Continuously_variable_transmission
Motor vehicle
its ride comfort and spirited handling (despite slight understeer, and torque steer on V6 Turbo models). A newly designed manual transmission drew unanimous
Renault_25
Vehicle dynamics terms
thrust, lateral force compliance steer, self aligning torque, lateral weight transfer, and compliance in the steering system. Weight distribution affects
Understeer_and_oversteer
Motor vehicle
delivery (and the same long gear ratios as for the regular Cherry), torque steer, and a harsh ride. The Pulsar/Cherry underwent a light facelift in July
Nissan_Pulsar
features a hydrostatic steer system with pivot steer, a four speed range pack, integral power brakes and a high speed reverse. The torque converter can be locked
Cross-drive steering transmission
Cross-drive_steering_transmission
Small family car produced by the Italian automaker Alfa Romeo
received Recaro seats in front and a Nardi steering wheel, while providing better handling without the torque steer present in the front-wheel drive model
Alfa_Romeo_33
First generation of Ford Focus
cartoon." Clarkson and other motor journalists also commented on the car's torque steer on bumpy British roads. Ford Motor Company made acquisition in 1998 of
Ford_Focus_(first_generation)
Small family car
transmission, uneven tire wear and potential torque steer, the tendency for the power of the engine alone to steer the car under heavy acceleration. The compact
Fiat_128
Motor vehicle
prevent torque steer, increase front axle grip during cornering, and optimize tire contact with the road. The design reduces unwanted steering system disturbances
Opel_Cascada
control unit to receive data from multiple sensors. CBC then adjusts brake steer torque, brake pressure, yaw rate, and stopping distance, helping the driver
Cornering_brake_control
Compact car
front suspension from the Opel Insignia OPC which helps alleviate torque steering. Rear suspension uses a Watt's linkage to minimize lateral movement
Opel_Astra
Motor vehicle
rear weight distribution ratio reflected this goal. Efforts to minimize torque steer were achieved by the half shafts and the angles of the joints at the
Honda_Legend
British manufacturing company
limited-slip differential and revised suspension geometry to reduce torque steer. In 2008 Ford announced that the Mk2 Ford Focus RS would include a Quaife
Quaife
Automotive transmission where the engine drives the front wheels only
transmission, uneven tire wear and potential torque steer, the tendency for the power of the engine alone to steer the car under heavy acceleration. The problem
Front-wheel_drive
Motor vehicle
acceleration will usually result in spinning wheels and a good deal of torque steer." The GTA served as "last-ditch" sales boosters for the economical Alliance
Renault_Alliance
Electronically-controlled shock absorber
degrees and the spindle offset from 66 mm to 18 mm. As a result, the torque steer that is noticeable in high-output front-engine, front-wheel drive vehicles
Toyota Electronic Modulated Suspension
Toyota_Electronic_Modulated_Suspension
Range of automobiles
brakes, and the equalization of the drive shaft lengths to reduce torque steering. In October 1982, the 1200EX Special (hatchbacks) and 1200EL Special
Mitsubishi_Mirage
Drivetrain developed by Subaru
with an electronically controlled version introduced in 1987. Variable Torque Distribution (VTD) AWD was first presented in 1991, with the addition of
Symmetrical_All_Wheel_Drive
Tank transporter
Diesel 8V-92TA 12.06-liter diesel engine with 500 hp at 2100 rpm and 1993 Nm torque at 1200 rpm. This is coupled to an Allison CLT-754 five-speed automatic
Oshkosh_M1070
Collection of key measurements that define a particular bike configuration
define a particular bike configuration. Primary among these are wheelbase, steering axis angle, fork offset, and trail. These parameters have a major influence
Bicycle and motorcycle geometry
Bicycle_and_motorcycle_geometry
Specialized DC electric motor
gears or clutches. In the computer gaming world, torque motors are used in force feedback steering wheels. Another common application is the control
Torque_motor
Motor vehicle
and Living With the Car. Under Performance, the car was criticised for torque steer. Though it had a "ponderous, clunky gearchange" the gearbox was spaced
Lancia_Trevi
Vehicle safety and advanced power steering system
having an electric motor attached to the steering gear of a vehicle reducing or increasing the torque needed to steer based on the situation. Thus, less physical
Dynamic_steering_response
Heavy-duty line of trucks manufactured by Ford
providing 325 hp (242 kW; 330 PS) and 560 lb⋅ft (759 N⋅m) of torque (in 2005, the torque increased to 570 lb⋅ft (773 N⋅m)). Due to problems with the head
Ford_Super_Duty
Machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy
gears or clutches. In the computer gaming world, torque motors are used in force feedback steering wheels. Another common application is to control the
Electric_motor
Sub-brand by Audi that designed for its all-wheel-drive cars
actively allocating torque (as a computer controlled clutch can do), it supports a torque difference across the differential (the torque bias ratio/TBR),
Quattro (four-wheel-drive system)
Quattro_(four-wheel-drive_system)
SUV manufactured by Lamborghini
21-inch wheels, carbon-ceramic brakes, a rear-axle torque-vectoring system, and four-wheel steering. On the inside, the Urus comes with a simulated suede
Lamborghini_Urus
Fourth generation of BMW 5 Series
and 470 nm of torque to the rear driving wheels. 0–60 miles per hour in 5.9 seconds and a top speed of 180 miles per hour. The steering wheel was hand
BMW_5_Series_(E39)
Motor vehicle
820 PS) and 1,194 N⋅m (881 lb⋅ft) of torque, while the S has 876 hp (653 kW; 888 PS) and 1,350 N⋅m (1,000 lb⋅ft) of torque, allowing them to accelerate from
Bentley_Torcal
Lever used to steer a vehicle, typically on boats
slowing the boat. A tiller is a lever used to steer a vehicle. It provides leverage in the form of torque to turn the device that changes the direction
Tiller
Main supporting structure of a motor vehicle
Transverse lateral forces caused by road conditions, side wind, and steering of the vehicle Torque from the engine and transmission Longitudinal tensile forces
Vehicle_frame
Controlling the speed of a vehicle with a manual transmission
the best way to launch a front-wheel drive (FWD) car as it prevents torque steering that many FWD cars experience when too much power is put to the front
Clutch_control
2008 video game
Project Torque, also known as Level-R outside North America and HEAT Online for the 2010 North American version, is a multiplayer online racing game (MMORG)
Project_Torque
Fifth generation of Mercedes-Benz C-Class
four-link axle, the rear axle is a multi-link axle. Rear axle steering with a steering angle of 2.5 degrees is available as a factory option; the turning
Mercedes-Benz_C-Class_(W206)
Italian automobile designer (1905–1996)
transmission, uneven tire wear and potential torque steer, the tendency for the power of the engine alone to steer the car under heavy acceleration. Fiat quickly
Dante_Giacosa
Type of multi-speed motor vehicle transmission
have also been based on standard hydraulic automatic transmissions with torque converters and planetary gearsets. Names for specific types of semi-automatic
Semi-automatic_transmission
Motor vehicle
internal combustion engine out of all Audi models, with the same power and torque as the physically larger Audi S8 Plus. Unlike the A6 and S6, however, the
Audi_RS_6
German luxury sedan
Assist Torque Vectoring Brake Backup camera Electric parking brake with emergency braking function Direct-Steer Electromechanical steering with Steer Assist
Mercedes-Benz_S-Class_(W221)
American mid-size SUV
345 lb⋅ft (468 N⋅m) of torque 2000–2003 — 4.7 L (287 cu in) PowerTech V8, 235 hp (175 kW) & 295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m) of torque 42RE 4-speed TorqueFlite automatic -
Dodge_Durango
travel, tourism, insurance
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
TORQUE STEER
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