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Major war in Central Europe (1618–1648)
The Thirty Years' War, fought primarily in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. An estimated
Thirty_Years'_War
Periodization scheme encompassing European wars from 1914 to 1945
"Second Thirty Years' War" is a periodization scheme sometimes used to encompass the wars in Europe from 1914 to 1945. Just as the Thirty Years' War of 1618
Second_Thirty_Years'_War
Military conflict between 1630 and 1635
Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War began in July 1630 when troops under Gustavus Adolphus landed in Pomerania. Under his leadership, the Protestant
Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War
Swedish_intervention_in_the_Thirty_Years'_War
1618–1651 theater of war
Europe during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Although the conflict is traditionally portrayed as a Central European and intra-imperial war, several Atlantic
Thirty Years' War outside Europe
Thirty_Years'_War_outside_Europe
Scottish participation in the Thirty Years' War
There was a complicated involvement between Scotland and the Thirty Years' War of 1618–1648. Scotland and the Scots were heavily entangled in both the
Scotland and the Thirty Years' War
Scotland_and_the_Thirty_Years'_War
c. 1566/1568–1648 war in Habsburg Netherlands
sides agreed to a Twelve Years' Truce in 1609; when it expired in 1621, fighting resumed as part of the broader Thirty Years' War. An end was reached in
Eighty_Years'_War
1651–1986 alleged state of war
The Three Hundred and Thirty-Five Years' War (Dutch: Driehonderdvijfendertigjarige Oorlog [driˌɦɔndərtˌfɛifɛnˌdɛrtəxˈjaːrəɣə ˈʔoːrlɔx]; Cornish: Bell a
Three Hundred and Thirty Five Years' War
Three_Hundred_and_Thirty_Five_Years'_War
Topics referred to by the same term
The Thirty Years' War was a series of wars in Europe lasting from 1618 to 1648. Thirty Years' War or Thirty Years War may also refer to: The Mauritanian
Thirty Years War (disambiguation)
Thirty_Years_War_(disambiguation)
War in west Africa, 1674-77
movement, meaning 'the penitents' in Wolof. The term Mauritanian Thirty Years' War is commonly used as well. This term, however, is derived from the
Char_Bouba_war
discrepancy as some sources use the Julian calendar while others Gregorian. Thirty Years' War begins Ferdinand II. elected emperor Frederick of the Palatinate elected
Timeline of the Thirty Years War
Timeline_of_the_Thirty_Years_War
Board wargame
Thirty Years War, subtitled "Four Battles", is a "quadrigame" — four separate board wargames packaged in one box that use a common set of rules — published
Thirty_Years_War_(wargame)
The Thirty Years' War in Eastern Europe refers to the wider impact of the Thirty Years' War on regions outside the main areas of conflict in Germany and
Thirty Years' War in Eastern Europe
Thirty_Years'_War_in_Eastern_Europe
Members of the electoral college that elected the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
War. In 1623, the Elector Palatine, Frederick V, came under the imperial ban after participating in the Bohemian Revolt (a part of the Thirty Years'
Prince-elector
Series of wars (c. 1522–1697)
Other motives during the wars involved revolt, territorial ambitions and great power conflicts. By the end of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), Catholic
European_wars_of_religion
Territorial and military conflicts between the House of Habsburg and France
Republic in their independence struggle against Habsburg Spain. The Thirty Years' War began in 1618 as a result of conflict between the Protestant estates
French–Habsburg_rivalry
Cavalry with strong armor, horses, and weaponry
battlefields. Cuirassiers played a very large role in the Thirty Years' War and the related Eighty Years' War, particularly under the House of Orange and Duchy
Heavy_cavalry
Period of global instability (1600s–1700s)
crisis", various events such as the English Civil War, the Fronde in France, the climax of the Thirty Years' War in the Holy Roman Empire and revolts against
The_General_Crisis
Hessian service during the Thirty Years War and came out of retirement to help the Dutch defend Groningen during the Franco-Dutch War. He made a name for himself
Carl_von_Rabenhaupt
City in Bavaria, Germany
destroyed in the Thirty Years' War, the population was wiped out or expelled. After the disastrous consequences of the Thirty Years' War, Margrave Christian
Erlangen
most destructive conflicts the European continent had yet seen, the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which ended with the adoption of the Peace of Westphalia
Germany in the early modern period
Germany_in_the_early_modern_period
Medieval Anglo-French conflicts, 1337–1453
Years' War (French: Guerre de Cent Ans; 1337–1453 [116 years]) was a series of conflicts between the kingdoms of England and France and a civil war in
Hundred_Years'_War
Premonstratensian abbey in Prague, Czech Republic
studies of members of the order. All this was achieved during the Thirty Years' War, when Kašpar Questenberg himself was forced by the violence to flee
Strahov_Monastery
European political entity (800/962–1806)
Emperor, the immediate result was the series of conflicts known as the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated the empire. Foreign powers, including
Holy_Roman_Empire
State within the Holy Roman Empire from 1567 to 1803
Hesse-Marburg (1537–1604). In 1605, Maurice became Calvinist. When the Thirty Years' War began, he was on the Protestant side. After being forced to cede some
Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel
– Thirty Years' War Siege of Olmütz (1642) – Thirty Years' War Siege of Brieg (1642) – Thirty Years' War Siege of Leipzig (1642) – Thirty Years' War Siege
List_of_sieges
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1085–1803)
Lutheranism, while his Calvinist descendant, Frederick V, sparked the Thirty Years' War in 1618 by accepting the Crown of Bohemia. Occupied until the 1648
Electoral_Palatinate
Final phase of the Eighty Years' War
peace also failed, and the war resumed as anticipated in 1621. Essentially, it became a side theatre of the wider Thirty Years' War that had already broken
Eighty_Years'_War,_1621–1648
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1356–1806)
devastation caused by the Thirty Years' War nevertheless continued, as battles against the Swedes went on for more than ten years. Electoral Saxony left
Electorate_of_Saxony
Concept of the sovereignty of nation-states
concept to the eponymous peace treaties that ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and Eighty Years' War (1568–1648). The principle of non-interference was
Westphalian_system
Political aim
Thirty Years' War of 1618–1648 (Kejserkrigen of 1625–1629) is also considered[by whom?] part of the wars for the dominium maris baltici—in this war,
Dominium_maris_baltici
British wars 1639–1640 concerning religion in Scotland
Scots volunteers and mercenaries fought on the Protestant side in the Thirty Years' War, while Scotland had close economic and cultural links with the Dutch
Bishops'_Wars
European history from mid-1400s to late 1700s
religious conflicts it provoked (including the French Wars of Religion and the Thirty Years' War), greatly altered the religious balance of Christendom
Early_modern_Europe
World War II (Operation Market Garden) Battle of Arras (1654) – Thirty Years' War (Spanish–French extension) Battle of Arras (1917) – World War I Battle
List of battles (alphabetical)
List_of_battles_(alphabetical)
1647 siege of the Thirty Years' War
171–172. Wilson, Peter H. (2009). Europe's Tragedy: A History of the Thirty Years War. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9592-3. Drugulin, Wilhelm E. (1867). W
Siege_of_Eger_(1647)
Constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire from 1618 to 1701
Cleves, Mark and Ravensberg after the Treaty of Xanten in 1614. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) was especially devastating. The Elector changed sides
Brandenburg–Prussia
Coalition in the Holy Roman Empire (1609–1635)
retaliation that would eventually ignite into the first phase of the Thirty Years' War roughly a decade later with the act of rebellion and calculated insult
Catholic_League_(German)
Town in Bavaria, Germany
Blaise chapel is the last remnant today. In October 1631, during the Thirty Years' War, the Catholic Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, wanted to quarter
Rothenburg_ob_der_Tauber
Former duchy in Thuringia, Germany
established the literary Fruitbearing Society. At the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, Duke Johann Ernst I supported the Protestant Bohemian estates under
Saxe-Weimar
Series of wars in England, 1642–1651
European wars, notably the Eighty Years' War between the Spanish and the Dutch, which began in 1568, as well as earlier phases of the Thirty Years' War which
English_Civil_War
Town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
The town suffered the devastating consequences of the Thirty Years' War for more than 150 years. Although the Celts had extracted salt since pre-Christian
Bad_Wimpfen
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1623–1806)
enabled Maximilian to play an important part in the Thirty Years' War; during the earlier years of which he was so successful as to acquire the Upper
Electorate_of_Bavaria
1640–1668 war between Portugal and Spain
involved in the Thirty Years' War until 1648 and the Franco-Spanish War until 1659, while Portugal was involved in the Dutch–Portuguese War until 1663. In
Portuguese_Restoration_War
King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632
Sweden became one of the primary military forces in Europe during the Thirty Years' War, helping to determine the political and religious balance of power
Gustavus_Adolphus
Danish colonial conflict against the Mughal Empire
conflict has also been referred to by historians as the Dano-Bengali Thirty Years' War. Monarchs At the start of the 17th century European colonialism started
Dano-Mughal_War
1593–1606 Habsburg–Ottoman war
The Long Turkish War, or Thirteen Years' War, was an indecisive land war between the Holy Roman Empire (primarily the Habsburg monarchy) and the Ottoman
Long_Turkish_War
Former library in Germany
manuscripts. The Bibliotheca was a prominent prize captured during the Thirty Years' War, taken as booty by Maximilian of Bavaria, and given to the Pope in
Bibliotheca_Palatina
successful fighting force of the Thirty Years' War.[citation needed] The Swedish army at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War was equipped with state-of-the-art
Military of the Swedish Empire
Military_of_the_Swedish_Empire
1639 treaty between Spain and Poland
attempts to achieve some synergy occurred in early phases of the Thirty Years' War. In the mid-1620s Felipe IV of Spain intended to crack down on Dutch
Treaty_of_Naples_(1639)
and its constituent Thirteen Cantons encompasses the time of the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) until the French invasion of 1798. The early modern period
Early_modern_Switzerland
1628–1631 war in Northern Italy
by Spain. It is considered a related conflict of the 1618 to 1648 Thirty Years' War. Fighting centred on the French-held fortress of Casale Monferrato
War_of_the_Mantuan_Succession
1918–1939 period between the World Wars
1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII). It was relatively
Interwar_period
War involving major global states
(PDF). ijbssnet.com. Pike, John (2023-01-16). The Thirty Years War, 1618 - 1648: The First Global War and the End of Habsburg Supremacy. Pen & Sword Books
World_war
446/445 BC treaty between Athens and Sparta
empire in the Aegean. The Thirty Years' Peace, however, lasted only fifteen years and ended after the Spartans had declared war on the Athenians. During
Thirty_Years'_Peace
1492–1792 series of conflicts
Eighty Years' War and then the Thirty Years' War global conflicts, as also the Saadi Sultanate's Civil War in Morocco and the Portuguese Restoration War. Another
Spanish–Ottoman_Wars
Medieval fortress in the town of Coburg, Germany
forces commanded by Albrecht von Wallenstein for seven days during the Thirty Years' War. Its defence was commanded by Georg Christoph von Taupadel [de]. On
Veste_Coburg
Holy Roman Emperor from 1619 to 1637
the Calvinist Frederick V of the Palatinate on 26 August 1619. The Thirty Years' War began in 1618 as a result of the inadequacies of his predecessors
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
Revolt of Bohemian estates against the Habsburgs (1618–1620)
Bohemian estates against the rule of the Habsburg dynasty that began the Thirty Years' War. It was caused by both religious and power disputes. The estates were
Bohemian_Revolt
French statesman and clergyman (1585–1642)
notably in Spain and Austria) and to ensure French dominance in the Thirty Years' War of 1618–1648 after that conflict engulfed Europe. Despite suppressing
Cardinal_Richelieu
Fortified castle in Germany
military leader, the Duke of Alba, occupied the Moritzburg. In the Thirty Years' War both the city of Halle and the Moritzburg time and again attracted
Moritzburg_(Halle)
Polity in the Holy Roman Empire (1432–1692)
until George of Calenberg, who had been a successful general in the Thirty Years War, chose the city as his Residenz in 1636 could Hanover also be viewed
Principality_of_Calenberg
2017 novel by Daniel Kehlmann
chapbook in 16th century Germany, as well as on the history of the Thirty Years' War. The book was first published in October 2017 in the original German
Tyll_(novel)
Topics referred to by the same term
of the Thirty Years' War Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630), part of the Thirty Years' War (Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648) Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660), part
Anglo-Spanish_War
Political union (1537–1814)
Denmark–Norways's participation in the war came to an end. Sweden was very successful during the Thirty Years' War, while Denmark–Norway failed to make
Denmark–Norway
1647 siege of the Thirty Years' War
Berichten. Wilson, Peter H. (2009). Europe's Tragedy: A History of the Thirty Years War. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9592-3. Holtz, Maximillian Gottfried Friedrich
Siege_of_Weißenburg_in_Bayern
Part of the Thirty Years' War
1632, during the middle stages of the Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years’ War. An allied army of Saxons, Swedes, and Brandenburgers invaded Silesia
First_Battle_of_Steinau
Town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
many years after the end of the war, and at frequent intervals, Lauffen would be taken over and occupied by troops. At the end of the Thirty Years' War, the
Lauffen_am_Neckar
1647-1648 siege of the Thirty Years' War
Bohemia. The Battle of Prague would end up being the last battle of the Thirty Years' War. Siegmund Friedrich von Götzen German: Blockade von Eger, Czech: Blokáda
Blockade_of_Eger
German-English army officer and admiral (1619–1682)
Habsburg Spain during the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648), and against the Holy Roman Emperor in Germany during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648). Aged 23, he was
Prince_Rupert_of_the_Rhine
occurred. Soldiers from both sides fought in the French Wars of Religion. During the Thirty Years' War, the thirteen cantons managed to maintain their neutrality
Reformation_in_Switzerland
Town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Thirty Years' War brought hardship and misery. In 1648, only 11 inhabitants remained from originally 1242 inhabitants (1622). In the Nine Years' War (1688–1697)
Mühlacker
Country in Western Europe (843–1792; 1814–1830)
elaborated a policy against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) which had broken out in Germany. After the death of both
Kingdom_of_France
Conflict between Sweden and Denmark–Norway from 1643 to 1645
of the Thirty Years' War. Denmark–Norway had withdrawn from the Thirty Years' War in the 1629 Treaty of Lübeck. After its victories in the war, Sweden
Torstenson_War
Landgravine consort of Hesse-Kassel
husband's death. Through skillful diplomacy and military successes in the Thirty Years' War, she advanced the fortunes of Hesse-Kassel and influenced the Peace
Countess Amalie Elisabeth of Hanau-Münzenberg
Countess_Amalie_Elisabeth_of_Hanau-Münzenberg
European polity
revolt by the Bohemian estates against the Habsburgs and started the Thirty Years' War. The Bohemian estates decided to levy an army, decreed the expulsion
Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1526–1648)
Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown_(1526–1648)
1629 edict of Emperor Ferdinand II
II, Holy Roman Emperor in Vienna, on 6 March 1629, eleven years into the Thirty Years' War. Following Catholic military successes, Ferdinand hoped to
Edict_of_Restitution
Part of the Thirty Years' War
place during the Thirty Years' War outside Breitenfeld, Leipzig, in modern Saxony. In one of the most significant battles of the war, a combined Swedish-Saxon
Battle_of_Breitenfeld_(1631)
1635 battle of the Thirty Years' War
The Battle of Dömitz took place on 22 October 1635, during the Thirty Years' War. A Saxon force led by von Baudissin was besieging Dömitz Fortress when
Battle_of_Dömitz
1647 siege of the Thirty Years' War
the Thirty Years War. Allen Lane. ISBN 978-0-7139-9592-3. Essen, Michael (2020). The Lion from the North: Volume 2, The Swedish Army during the Thirty Years
Siege_of_Memmingen
Territory within the Holy Roman Empire (1535–1771)
was Catholic from the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) onwards. After the complete destruction of the territory in the Nine Years' War (1688–1697), Margrave
Margraviate_of_Baden-Baden
Finnish light cavalry that served during the Thirty Years' War
cavalryman in the service of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden during the Thirty Years' War (1618 to 1648). Hakkapeliitta is a 19th-century Finnish modification
Hakkapeliitta
turn, Kempten Abbey joined the Catholic League in 1609. During the Thirty Years' War, the monastery buildings were burnt to the ground by Swedish troops
Princely_Abbey_of_Kempten
Battle of the Thirty Years' War
fought on 16 November 1632, was one of the most important of the Thirty Years' War. A Swedish army under Gustavus Adolphus, supported by troops from
Battle_of_Lützen_(1632)
Lowland Scottish clan
behalf of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, King of Sweden, during the Thirty Years' War. In Germany, he fought alongside his nephews, Colonel Frances Ruthven
Clan_Ruthven
Quarter of Berlin in Germany
dated 19 August 1284. From 1626 Hohenschönhausen was affected by the Thirty Years' War. Apart from the Swedish forces who were passing through the area,
Alt-Hohenschönhausen
Jesuit school in Germany
Aristocratic students who became leaders on the Catholic side during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) included Ferdinand of Bavaria, Elector of Cologne, Maximilian
Jesuit_College_of_Ingolstadt
Catholic marshal of the Thirty Years' War (1559–1632)
a field marshal who commanded the Catholic League's forces in the Thirty Years' War. From 1620 to 1631, he won an unmatched and demoralizing string of
Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly
Johann_Tserclaes,_Count_of_Tilly
Battle of the Thirty Years' War
over two days from 5 to 6 September 1634, was a major battle of the Thirty Years' War. An Imperial-Spanish force led by the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand and
Battle_of_Nördlingen_(1634)
King of Spain (1621–1665) and Portugal (1621–1640)
such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War. By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately
Philip_IV_of_Spain
Drawn out conflict in Germany
died out in 1604. It escalated during Thirty Years' War. After a first settlement in the 1627 Hauptakkord, direct war between Hesse-Cassel and Hesse-Darmstadt
Hessian_War
Early modern royal house in Sweden
crowns in subsequent wars. The involvement of the famous Protestant general and King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden in the Thirty Years' War gave rise to the
House_of_Vasa
Political Fight in 17th Century France
the Court. Outside, France was engaged in the Thirty Years' War, which turned into a Franco-Spanish war. The main instigators of this plot were François
Cabale_des_Importants
1620–1626 war in Northern Italy
The Valtellina War (1620–1626) was an episode of the Thirty Years' War arising out of competition to control the Valtelline, an Alpine valley forming
Valtellina_War
in the Northern Seven Years' War (1563–70) and the Kalmar War (1611–13). Denmark was heavily involved in the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) on the side
Military_history_of_Denmark
Town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
comparison with Wittgenstein 1783 the debatable area was split. During the Thirty Years' War the neighbouring town Medebach and Hallenberg were 1634 destroyed
Winterberg
Cambridge Historical Book Series
Trevor-Roper 10 THE STATE OF GERMANY (to 1618) G. D. Ramsay 11 THE THIRTY YEARS WAR E. A. Beller 12 THE LOW COUNTRIES E. H. Kossmann 13 SWEDEN AND THE
The New Cambridge Modern History
The_New_Cambridge_Modern_History
Period in Finnish history until 1809
Westphalia that had ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648, Sweden secured its position as a superpower. However, the Thirty Years' War and other conflicts in the
Finland_under_Swedish_rule
1633) was a general in the service of the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years War, a member of the prominent Italian Montecuccoli Family. He fought in
Ernesto_Montecuccoli
Imperial army and were killed in action during the course of the Thirty Years' War, dying unmarried. Ernst Adalbert (born 1598) became the Archbishop
Karl_von_Harrach
Elector of Brandenburg from 1619 to 1640
death. His reign was marked by ineffective governance during the Thirty Years' War. He was the father of Frederick William, the "Great Elector". Born
George William, Elector of Brandenburg
George_William,_Elector_of_Brandenburg
1627–1628 siege of the Huguenot rebellions
religious tensions were heightened by the outbreak of the 1618 to 1648 Thirty Years War. In 1621, Louis re-established Catholicism in the formerly Huguenot
Siege_of_La_Rochelle
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