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Suite of system components for Linux
systemd is a software suite for system and service management on Linux built to unify service configuration and behavior across Linux distributions. Its
Systemd
Linux distribution
rolling-release Linux distribution based on Arch Linux that avoids using systemd, instead allowing users to choose between OpenRC, runit, s6, and dinit
Artix_Linux
Device manager for the Linux kernel
that allows access to device information; it was incorporated into the systemd 183 software bundle. User space daemon udevd that manages the virtual /dev
Udev
UNIX system component
more modern init system, with most employing the init provided by the systemd project. Some distributions have elected to create their own System V-init
Init
UEFI boot manager
systemd-boot is a free and open-source boot manager, previously known as gummiboot. gummiboot was developed by the Red Hat employees Kay Sievers and Harald
Systemd-boot
Linux message-oriented middleware
such as GDBus (GNOME), QtDBus (Qt/KDE), dbus-java and sd-bus (part of systemd). D-Bus is an inter-process communication (IPC) mechanism initially designed
D-Bus
Event-based Linux init daemon
Upstart was placed in maintenance mode, and other init daemons, such as systemd, were recommended in place of Upstart. Ubuntu moved away from Upstart with
Upstart_(software)
Resource limit method in Linux
other software that uses cgroups, such as Docker, Firejail, LXC, libvirt, systemd, Open Grid Scheduler/Grid Engine, and Google's developmentally defunct
Cgroups
German software engineer
original author of PulseAudio, Avahi and systemd. Interview with LCA TV interview with Poettering about systemd at linux.conf.au (Perth, Australia); 2014-01
Lennart_Poettering
Computer program that runs as a background process
or systemd, the super-server daemon will perform those functions for the process, except for old-style daemons not converted to run under systemd and
Daemon_(computing)
Desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like systems
though XWayland. In May 2011 Lennart Poettering proposed systemd as a GNOME dependency. As systemd is available only on Linux, the proposal led to a discussion
GNOME
Patched software backdoor
system, it alters the behavior of OpenSSH's SSH server daemon by abusing systemd, allowing an attacker with a specific Ed448 private key to gain administrator
XZ_Utils_backdoor
Bootstrap: Building from source all the way down". guix.gnu.org. "End of systemd support". Hyperbola Project. 5 August 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2018.
Comparison of Linux distributions
Comparison_of_Linux_distributions
Linux distribution based on musl and BusyBox
GNU Core Utilities, and systemd, respectively. This makes Alpine one of the few Linux distributions not to be based on systemd. For security, Alpine compiles
Alpine_Linux
Protocol to run DNS queries using TLS
configuration changes. systemd-resolved is a Linux-only implementation that can be configured to use DNS over TLS, by editing /etc/systemd/resolved.conf and
DNS_over_TLS
Linux distribution based on Debian
other init systems and avoid lock-in by systemd. Devuan offers sysvinit, runit or OpenRC as alternatives to systemd. With the release of Debian 8, some developers
Devuan
Partition used by Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
other hand, FAT32 is always expected on fixed drives. GRUB 2, elilo and systemd-boot serve as conventional, full-fledged standalone UEFI boot managers
EFI_system_partition
Family of Unix-like operating systems
include the following: A bootloader, for example GNU GRUB, LILO, SYSLINUX or systemd-boot. This is a program that loads the Linux kernel into the computer's
Linux
Computer programmer
programmer, best known for developing the udev device manager of Linux, systemd and the Gummiboot EFI bootloader. Kay Sievers made major contributions
Kay_Sievers
Multi-stage initialisation process of operating system
runlevel. systemd is a modern alternative to SysV init. Like init, systemd is a daemon that manages other daemons. All daemons, including systemd, are background
Booting_process_of_Linux
Value identifying a user account in Unix and Unix-like operating systems
range 65000–65533. Systemd defines a number of special UID ranges, including 60001-60513: UIDs for home directories managed by systemd-homed 61184-65519
User_identifier
Utility to manage DNS resolver configuration in Unix-like systems
by systemd-resolved on modern operating systems, which provides a stub resolver in addition to managing resolv.conf. Fedora Linux switched to systemd-resolved
Resolvconf
System call of the Linux kernel
systemd, readahead binary (as part of the boot sequence) was replaced by systemd-readahead. However, support for readahead was removed from systemd in
Readahead
Linux standard for directory structure
to resort to workarounds, such as using /dev/.udev, /dev/.mdadm, /dev/.systemd or /dev/.mount directories, even though the device directory is not intended
Filesystem_Hierarchy_Standard
Any file that contains a reference to another file or directory
than other symbolic links. Dangling symlinks are intentionally created by systemd as key-value data storage when the value is small enough. The symlink name is
Symbolic_link
Linux distribution
allocator is regarded as somewhat slow Dinit as the init system, instead of systemd FreeBSD userland tools, rather than GNU coreutils turnstile, a work in
Chimera_Linux
GNU replacement for the Bourne shell
process, process 1. root 1 0.0 0.2 37140 20440 ? Ss 04:44 0:18 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize=53 rhgb $ kill -s SIGKILL 1
Bash_(Unix_shell)
Disk encryption software
system to be unlocked using a touch screen. For systems running systemd, the systemd-homed component can be used to encrypt individual home directories
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Fatal system error screen
on Windows". Stellar. Retrieved February 14, 2025. "Release systemd v255 · systemd/systemd". GitHub. Retrieved December 11, 2023. "Add tool to display
Blue_screen_of_death
System configuration file for disk partitions
findmnt), but it's not limited to them — it is also processed by systemd via systemd-fstab-generator for automatic mounting during boot. The fstab file
Fstab
Binary file format
wrapper like Debian-based distributions binfmt-support package or systemd's systemd-binfmt.service. According to the kernel docs an executable file type
Binfmt_misc
Protocol
Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10. It is also implemented by systemd-resolved on Linux. LLMNR is defined in RFC 4795 but was not adopted as
Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution
Link-Local_Multicast_Name_Resolution
Lightweight systemd free Linux distribution
less powerful x86-based systems. Unlike Debian, antiX does not use the systemd init system; instead, it provides an ISO image in which Runit is set as
AntiX
Software deployment system for Linux by Canonical
developed by Canonical for operating systems that use the Linux kernel and the systemd init system. The packages, called snaps, and the tool for using them, snapd
Snap_(software)
American open source software company
Red Hat, LLC (formerly Red Hat Software, Inc. and then Red Hat, Inc.) is an American software company that provides open source software products to enterprises
Red_Hat
Debian-based Linux distribution
considering to change from Debian to Devuan, mainly because of problems with systemd. As of 21 January 2019, the Parrot team has begun to phase out the development
Parrot_OS
Configuration file for Domain Name System resolver
utility resolvconf. In systemd based Linux distributions using systemd-resolved.service, /etc/resolv.conf is a symlink to /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv
Resolv.conf
Relationship between software
boot system systemd is based on a set of configurations that declare the dependencies of the modules to be started: at boot time systemd analyzes all
Transitive_dependency
Independent distribution developed entirely by volunteers
pkgsrc and other BSD ports collections. In 2014, Void Linux switched from systemd to runit. In May 2018, the project was moved to a new website and code
Void_Linux
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
implementation was sponsored by the Linux Foundation. systemd-timesyncd is the SNTP client built into systemd. It is used by Debian since version "bookworm"
Network_Time_Protocol
Login system for Unix and Unix-like operating systems
manager synonymously. systemd, an init daemon for Linux, has an integrated login manager; its login daemon is called logind. systemd's login manager is a
Login_manager
Web-based server administration software
Linux, CentOS, Debian, OpenSUSE, Arch Linux, and Ubuntu. Cockpit uses systemd to configure and monitor parts of the system, firewalld for the firewall
Cockpit_(software)
Feature for a Linux environment in Windows
WSL as a Windows Store app Version Comment 0.47.1 First version 0.67.6 systemd support 1.0.0 Generally available; Windows 10 support
Windows_Subsystem_for_Linux
Computer future
time instead of UTC by automatically processing the /etc/adjtime file. systemd can be used to wake a system and run a task at a specific time. In Microsoft
Real-time_clock_alarm
Linux distribution
Internacional Software Livre (Porto Alegre, Brazil). On 5 August 2017, support for systemd was dropped in favor of OpenRC as its default init system to support the
Hyperbola_GNU/Linux-libre
Operating system for mobile devices
Android is an operating system owned by Google which is based on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other free and open-source software, designed
Android_(operating_system)
Mode of operation in computer operating systems
was first replaced by runlevels and then by systemd states on most major distributions. Although systemd is, as of 2016[update], used by default in most
Runlevel
Linux distribution
compilation of its system components, and uses systemd as its primary init system, with tight integration between systemd and various Container Linux's internal
Container_Linux
History of the Ubuntu operating system
2015. With this release, systemd became the default init implementation, replacing Upstart. Though Shuttleworth dislikes systemd, the change was made due
Ubuntu_version_history
Rolling release Linux distribution
transferring control of the project to Aaron Griffin. The migration to systemd as its init system began in August 2012, and it became the default on new
Arch_Linux
Way of using computer memory
D., Mozilla Firefox, ... System components init daemon: OpenRC, runit, systemd, ... System daemons: polkitd, smbd, sshd, udevd, ... Windowing system:
User_space_and_kernel_space
List of software distributions using the Linux kernel
Stahie, Silviu (28 November 2014). "Fork Debian Project Announces the Systemd-less OS Devuan". Softpedia. Archived from the original on 30 November 2014
List_of_Linux_distributions
Linux distribution
December 2021. "Release Announcements". Nixos.org. Retrieved 2023-12-09. "Systemd branch merged". Nixos.org. Retrieved 2025-10-15. Dolstra, Eelco; Hemel
NixOS
Technologies for automatic network connection configuration
includes Microsoft's own implementation of LLMNR. Systemd implements both mDNS and LLMNR in systemd-resolved. Where no DHCP server is available to assign
Zero-configuration_networking
General-purpose programming language
PCRE PROJ Quartz 2D Raylib Redland RDF S2n-tls Setcontext SFML SDL SQLite systemd Tk VDPAU Vorbis VTD-XML Win32 API Wimlib Windows.h WolfSSH WolfSSL X Toolkit
C_(programming_language)
Linux distribution
based on Arch Linux since version 6.0. Starting with version 6.0, it has systemd as its init system. For more recent versions, a 64-bit processor is required
SystemRescue
Ubuntu or Debian-based Linux distribution
but with a 'functional logind' from systemd. LMDE 3 (named Cindy) completed the switch from sysvinit to systemd. It was based on Debian Stretch and was
Linux_Mint
Free and open-source software distribution
able to build their products on top of the Mer core. There is support for systemd, Wayland, Hybris, and other current FOSS software. Zephyr is an attempt
Mer_(software_distribution)
Topics referred to by the same term
adapt quickly and improvise to solve problems. System D or systemd may also refer to: systemd, a computer startup system for Linux Système D, an album by
System_D_(disambiguation)
Mid-weight family of operating systems
both Wayland and X11 sessions available. All releases are available with Systemd. The Xfce, Xfce-AHS, and Fluxbox releases are also available in sysVint
MX_Linux
Purely functional package manager for the GNU system
uses to extend the base operating system in a defined way. In contrast to systemd, a userspace shepherd process runs as the user. Central to the Shepherd
GNU_Guix
Userspace virtual console for Linux operating system
fork maintained by Aetf since 2011. There was a successor project called systemd-consoled but that project was later dropped in July 2015. Kmscon supports
Kmscon
Type of daemon generally run on Unix-like systems
first connection to the sub-daemon). inetd launchd systemd ucspi-tcp xinetd Lennart, Poettering. "systemd for Developers I". Pid Eins. Retrieved 26 April
Super-server
German funder of open source software
430 RubyGems & Bundler: €668,400 Samba: €688,800 Sequoia PGP: €900,000 systemd: €455,000 WireGuard: €209,000 Yocto Project: €759,000 Free software portal
Sovereign_Tech_Agency
Finnish and American software engineer (born 1969)
points clear, has drawn criticism from Intel programmer Sage Sharp and systemd developer Lennart Poettering, among others.[failed verification] On Sunday
Linus_Torvalds
Operating system based on the Linux kernel
kernel. Commonly, it includes a package manager, an init system (such as systemd, OpenRC, SysVinit, or runit), GNU tools and libraries, documentation, IP
Linux_distribution
Security-focused, Android-based mobile operating system
GrapheneOS (/ˈɡræfiːn.oʊˈɛs/) is an open-source mobile operating system focused on security and privacy, available for Google Pixel and future Motorola
GrapheneOS
Init system for Unix-like computer operating systems
"OpenRC - ArchWiki". wiki.archlinux.org. Retrieved 2025-07-21. "Adding systemd for PostmarketOS". Retrieved 2025-06-13. "OpenRC - Debian Wiki". wiki.debian
OpenRC
Type of operating system service management
feature-complete Linux init Monit runit Supervisor: A Python implementation s6: Low-level process and service supervision Systemd "Runit - benefits".
Process_supervision
Fedora OS release dates
GNU Compiler Collection 4.6 Responsibility for booting is taken up by Systemd LLVMpipe replacing Mesa software rasterizer Inclusion of BoxGrinder software
Fedora_Linux_release_history
Single computer that supports multiple local users at the same time
2014-03-25. "systemd-logind.service(8)". freedesktop.org. systemd. Retrieved 5 March 2022. "loginctl(1), Seat Commands". freedesktop.org. systemd. Retrieved
Multiseat_configuration
Hash functions
since 3.11) Raku Ruby (SipHash 1-3) Swift Rust Operating systems Linux systemd OpenBSD FreeBSD OpenDNS WireGuard The following programs use SipHash in
SipHash
Network Time Protocol implementation
has included an SNTP client and server based on OpenNTP. systemd-timesyncd – A Linux and systemd specific client implementation of SNTP. Precision Time
Ntpd
Linux distribution based on Arch Linux offering only free software
06-pre-complete parabola-armv7h-systemd-cli-2020.02-image parabola-x86_64-systemd-cli-2022.04-netinstall parabola-i686-systemd-cli-2024.02[needs update] Repository
Parabola_GNU/Linux-libre
System log utility
locally if the receiver is not ready complete input/output support for systemd journal The rsyslog project began in 2004, when Rainer Gerhards, the primary
Rsyslog
"Thales Vormetric Data Security Platform" (PDF). IBM. "Journal File Format". systemd.io. Retrieved 2025-08-03. "Ion Binary Encoding". Retrieved 2025-08-07.
List_of_file_signatures
Issues concerning use of operating systems which use Linux
controversy with the project's perspective on security and the adoption of systemd by leading Linux distributions Critics of Linux on the desktop have frequently
Criticism_of_Linux
Computer programmer
when he resigned as a result of controversies around the proposed use of systemd in Debian. authbind (1998), an open-source system utility "dpkg/dpkg.git/blob
Ian Jackson (computer programmer)
Ian_Jackson_(computer_programmer)
Free and open-source operating system for smartphones, based on Alpine Linux
the maintainers announced that postmarketOS would migrate from OpenRC to systemd as its init system for select user interfaces. As of 2025, it is work-in-progress
PostmarketOS
Linux software utility
Data deduplication Flatpak InterPlanetary File System SquashFS zsync "systemd/casync". Retrieved 9 May 2018. "The casync filesystem image distribution
Casync
service?, Google Code Help, accessed December 15, 2010. "Systemd-journal-gatewayd.service". "systemd-journal-remote.service". www.freedesktop.org. "IETF Mesh
List of TCP and UDP port numbers
List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
Software security mechanism
Linux kernel seccomp, cgroups and namespaces features. Notably used by Systemd, Google Chrome, Firefox and Firejail. Android was one of the first mainstream
Sandbox_(computer_security)
Web page displayed to new users of a network
options and IPv6 NDP router advertisements. RFC 8910 was implemented in systemd-networkd v254 in July 2023. NetworkManager discussions have also explored
Captive_portal
resigned as a result of controversies around the migration of Debian to systemd.[failed verification] Wichert Akkerman is a Dutch computer programmer who
List of Debian project leaders
List_of_Debian_project_leaders
MacOS system service management framework
socket will be available in that environment variable. This differs from systemd's socket activation in that the name of a socket definition inside of the
Launchd
Linux distribution
Slackware is a Linux distribution created by Patrick Volkerding in 1993. Originally based on Softlanding Linux System (SLS), Slackware has been the basis
Slackware
Type of Linux installation
Linux distributions: Gentoo Linux Source Mage GoboLinux CRUX "Version 13.0-systemd". 5 March 2026. Retrieved 6 March 2026. "iii. LFS Target Architectures"
Linux_from_Scratch
Operating system distribution
is based on Fedora 28, upstream Linux kernel 4.18, GCC 8.2, glibc 2.28, systemd 239, GNOME 3.28, and the switch to Wayland. The first beta was announced
Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux
Feature of the Linux kernel that partitions kernel resources
the init system systemd uses namespaces to secure system services. Directives such as PrivateNetwork=yes or PrivateTmp=yes in a systemd service file instruct
Linux_namespaces
Free Unix-like operating system kernel
distributions bundle the kernel with system software (e.g., the GNU C Library, systemd, and other Unix utilities and daemons) and a wide selection of application
Linux_kernel
Arbiter on a node in a packet switching communication network
packet scheduler uses a FIFO implementation called pfifo_fast, although systemd since its version 217 changes the default queuing discipline to fq_codel
Network_scheduler
Component of UNIX systems
followed by the command intended to be executed (with root permission). Systemd provides an alternate interface to polkit called run0. The polkitd daemon
Polkit
Real-time observability platform
Nagios plugins and custom scripts. For log management, Netdata uses the systemd journal format as a unified storage backend. A tool called log2journal
Netdata
ISBN 81-7008-958-1 Saunders, Mike (11 November 2015). "Linux 101: Get the most out of systemd". Linux Voice. Archived from the original on 29 May 2016. Retrieved 28
List_of_Unix_daemons
Configuration file format
flavour. freedesktop.org *.desktop entries are written in an INI flavour. systemd *.service unit configuration files are written in INI. Netatalk's afp.conf
INI_file
Software for deploying containerized applications
addition to using abstracted virtualization interfaces via libvirt, LXC and systemd-nspawn. Docker implements a high-level API to provide lightweight containers
Docker_(software)
Project for adding Rust language to Linux kernel
devpts debugfs FUSE hugetlbfs pipefs procfs securityfs sockfs sysfs tmpfs systemd udev Kmscon binfmt_misc Wrapper libraries C standard library glibc uClibc
Rust_for_Linux
Community-supported Linux distribution
snapshots. openSUSE 12.1 was also the first release of openSUSE to use systemd by default rather than the traditional System V init. Users can still select
OpenSUSE
OpenRC instead of the more commonly used glibc, GNU Core Utilities, and systemd. Owl - Openwall GNU/Linux, a security-enhanced Linux distribution for servers
List of security-focused operating systems
List_of_security-focused_operating_systems
Shell command for scheduling periodic jobs
resources. at (command) Launchd List of POSIX commands Scheduling (computing) systemd – incorporates cron equivalent (called timers) fcron Windows Task Scheduler
Cron
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Beautiful Princess
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Friend of Peace
Female
Swedish
Swedish feminine form of Scandinavian Benedikt, BENEDIKTA means "blessed."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Descended from Bharat, Universal monarch, Very clever great good person
Boy/Male
Tamil
Ugrasravas | உகà¯à®°à®¸à¯à®°à®µà®¾à®¸
One of the kauravas
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord of the soul, Ruler of mind
Boy/Male
British, English, Portuguese
Happy
Female
Egyptian
, Follower of Khons.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pakistani, Urdu
Moon
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
River in Karnataka
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD
SYSTEMD