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Unix command
sum is a legacy utility available on some Unix and Unix-like operating systems. This utility outputs a 16-bit checksum of each argument file, as well
Sum_(Unix)
Data used to detect errors in other data
Fletcher's checksum Frame check sequence cksum md5sum sha1sum Parchive Sum (Unix) SYSV checksum BSD checksum xxHash Error correction Hamming code Reed–Solomon
Checksum
Topics referred to by the same term
one-point union of topological spaces Whitney sum, of fiber bundles Zero-sum problem in combinatorics Sum (Unix), a program for generating checksums StartUp-Manager
Sum
Original Unix operating system from Bell Labs
Research Unix refers to the early versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX, and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in
Research_Unix
Shell command for reporting file system storage use
blocks and the sum of used and available blocks. The du command first appeared in version 1 of AT&T UNIX. It is specified by the Single UNIX Specification
Du_(Unix)
Mechanism for inter-process communication using message passing
In Unix-like computer operating systems, a pipeline is a mechanism for inter-process communication using message passing. A pipeline is a set of processes
Pipeline_(Unix)
Shell command for calculating a checksum
txt List of POSIX commands md5sum – Software that verifies hashes sum (Unix) – Unix command "cksum: Print CRC checksum and byte counts". gnu.org. Archived
Cksum
Shell command for comparing file content
the early 1970s for the Unix operating system, at Bell Labs in Murray Hill, New Jersey. It was part of the 5th Edition of Unix released in 1974, and was
Diff
File format and file archiver program
and treat it as good if either the signed or unsigned sum matches the included checksum. Unix filesystems support multiple links (names) for the same
Tar_(computing)
Collection of GNU utilities ported to Windows
UnxUtils is a collection of utility programs that provide popular Unix-based shell commands – ported from GNU implementations as native Windows programs
UnxUtils
Commonly used, legacy checksum algorithm
legacy checksum algorithm. It has been implemented in UNIX System V and is also available through the sum command line utility. This algorithm is useless on
SYSV_checksum
Shell command for joining files horizontally
Sum the numbers from 1 to 100: $ seq 1 100 | paste -d + -s | bc 5050 cut – Shell command for extracting sections of text files join – Command in Unix-like
Paste_(Unix)
Technology for controlling access to file system items
users and groups of users. One well-established technology was developed for Unix, later codified by POSIX and is used in Linux. Another common technology
File-system_permissions
Amount of computational work that a computer system performs
In UNIX computing, the system load is a measure of the amount of computational work that a computer system performs. The load average represents the average
Load_(computing)
Unix command to print a random message
database of quotations. Early versions of the program appeared in Version 7 Unix in 1979. The most common version on modern systems is the BSD fortune, originally
Fortune_(Unix)
Programming paradigm
reputation of being needlessly obscure, hence the epithet "pointless style". Unix scripting uses the paradigm with pipes. Tacit programming can be illustrated
Tacit_programming
Collection of standard, Unix-based utilities from GNU
coreutils is a collection of GNU software that implements many standard, Unix-based shell commands. The utilities generally provide POSIX compliant interface
GNU_Core_Utilities
Task manager program found in many Unix-like operating systems
top is a task manager or system monitor program, found in many Unix-like operating systems, that displays information about CPU and memory utilization
Top_(software)
checksum (Unix) 16 bits sum with circular rotation SYSV checksum (Unix) 16 bits sum with circular rotation sum8 8 bits sum Internet Checksum 16 bits sum (ones'
List_of_hash_functions
Cross-platform reverse-Polish calculator program
by Lorinda Cherry and Robert Morris at Bell Labs. dc is one of the oldest Unix utilities, preceding even the development of the C programming language.
Dc_(computer_program)
Network utility used to test the reachability of a host
Retrieved 8 September 2010. My original impetus for writing PING for 4.2a BSD UNIX came from an offhand remark in July 1983 by Dr. Dave Mills ... I named it
Ping_(networking_utility)
Software company based in Santa Cruz, California
selling three Unix operating system variants for Intel x86 processors: Xenix, SCO UNIX (later known as SCO OpenDesktop and SCO OpenServer), and UnixWare. SCO
Santa_Cruz_Operation
Period when a computer system is available
been shut down after 16 years of uptime due to a failing hard disk. Most Unix-like systems including Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X, and SySVr4 have the uptime
Uptime
Time used by a computer
The Unix command top provides CPU time, priority, elapsed real time, and other information for all processes and updates it in real time. The Unix command
CPU_time
Algorithm in numerical analysis
effect extending the precision of the sum by the precision of the compensation variable. In particular, simply summing n {\displaystyle n} numbers in sequence
Kahan_summation_algorithm
1980–2014 American multinational software and services company
attempted to compete directly with Microsoft by acquiring Digital Research, Unix System Laboratories, WordPerfect, and the Quattro Pro division of Borland
Novell
Short command-line instruction
traditionally been adept at expressing one-liners. Shell interpreters such as Unix shells or Windows PowerShell allow for the construction of powerful one-liners
One-liner_program
Collection of Unix commands in a single executable file
BusyBox is an implementation of many Unix commands in a single executable file. It runs in many POSIX environments including Linux, Android, and FreeBSD
BusyBox
Word processor
running the Classic Mac OS (1985), AT&T UNIX PC (1985), Atari ST (1988), OS/2 (1989), Microsoft Windows (1989), SCO Unix (1990), Handheld PC (1996), Pocket
Microsoft_Word
Text processing programming language
Like sed and grep, it is a filter, and it is a standard feature of most Unix-like operating systems. The shell command that runs the AWK processor is
AWK
Computer utility software
September 1991, version 2.1 of SUM II, which would support System 7, was announced. In 1990, Segue Software developed a Unix version of Norton Utilities
Norton_Utilities
Logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e
display, only), some calculators, operating systems (for example Berkeley UNIX 4.3BSD), computer algebra systems and programming languages (for example
Natural_logarithm
Programming language
libraries The native code compiler is available for many platforms, including Unix, Microsoft Windows, and Apple macOS. Portability is achieved through native
OCaml
Method used for display options on video text terminals
designed to be portable on CP/M home computers, and significant amounts of Unix software, as it was easier to use than the termcap libraries.[citation needed]
ANSI_escape_code
Software that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes
program that calculates SHA-3, HAKE, RawSHAKE, and Keccak functions. The <hash>sum naming convention is also used by the BLAKE team with b2sum and b3sum, by
Sha1sum
Computer network diagnostic tool
available in many modern operating systems, generally named traceroute in Unix-like systems such as FreeBSD, macOS, and Linux and named tracert in Windows
Traceroute
Software engineering principle
Single-responsibility principle (SRP) SOLID – Object-oriented programming design principles Unix philosophy – simple tools Jeffries, Ronald E.; Anderson, Ann; Hendrickson
You_aren't_gonna_need_it
File format developed by Motorola
following table describes the 10 possible S-record types. Although some Unix documentation states "the order of S-records within a file is of no significance
Motorola_S-record
Two raised to an integer power
2147483648 The number of non-negative values for a signed 32-bit integer. Since Unix time is measured in seconds since January 1, 1970, it will run out at 2147483647
Power_of_two
General purpose functional programming language
dialect fit for general-purpose computing, specified with the paper ML under Unix. Gérard Huet at Inria began porting the source code from Stanford Lisp to
ML_(programming_language)
Relational database management system (RDBMS)
transfer executable DOS files onto a prescribed Unix version and thereby DataEase for DOS became DataEase for Unix. Everything was transported so that the application
DataEase
Mathematical function, denoted exp(x) or e^x
although being of very different nature. The exponential function converts sums to products: exp ( x + y ) = exp x ⋅ exp y {\displaystyle \exp(x+y)=\exp
Exponential_function
Node ordering for directed acyclic graphs
(by finding the largest path length and then assigning the jobs). tsort, a Unix program for topological sorting Feedback arc set, a set of edges whose removal
Topological_sorting
Businessman and public official (born 1971)
company, Musk returned as CEO. Musk's preference for Microsoft software over Unix created a rift in the company and caused Thiel to resign. Due to resulting
Elon_Musk
Unix shell
Stand-alone shell (sash) is a Unix shell designed for use in recovering from certain types of system failures and errors. The built-in commands of sash
Stand-alone_shell
Adrian Mariano as an implementation of the units utility included with the Unix operating system. It was originally available under a permissive license
GNU_Units
Software library used via static linking
filenames usually have ".a" extension on Unix-like systems and ".lib" extension on Microsoft Windows. For example, on a Unix-like system, to create an archive
Static_library
Typesetting system
Unix troff (the previously favored formatting system) in most Unix installations (although troff still remains as the default formatter of the UNIX documentation)
TeX
Preprocessor that formats equations for drawing
Part of the troff suite of Unix document layout tools, eqn is a preprocessor that formats equations for printing. A similar program, neqn, accepted the
Eqn_(software)
Section of a source code file that is treated as if it were a separate file
whitespace (including indentation) in the text. Here documents originate in the Unix shell, and are found in the Bourne shell since 1979, and most subsequent
Here_document
Natural number
integer that is the sum of two distinct previously occurring Ulam numbers in a sequence. 69 is a deficient number because the sum of its proper divisors
69_(number)
Graphical control element
well as helpful keyboard shortcuts. One example is the 'vi' text editor of UNIX (from the 1970s) or newer Linux systems. Status lines have been used for
Status_bar
Principal protocol used for transmission of datagrams across an IP network
Port numbers 0 through 1023 are used for common, well-known services. On Unix-like operating systems, using one of these ports requires superuser operating
User_Datagram_Protocol
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
lacking NTP's data analysis and clock disciplining algorithms, include the Unix daemon timed, which uses an election algorithm to appoint a server for all
Network_Time_Protocol
Operation of checking the integrity of file
Library" p. 4. Del Armstrong. "An Introduction To File Integrity Checking On Unix Systems". 2003. "Cisco IOS Image Verification" Elizabeth D. Zwicky, Simon
File_verification
Hypotenuse of right triangle from its sides
the standard deviation of their sum is the Pythagorean sum of their standard deviations. Thus, the Pythagorean sum itself can be interpreted as giving
Pythagorean_addition
Number
terminology, is the date and time associated with a zero timestamp. The Unix epoch begins the midnight before the first of January 1970. The Classic Mac
0
3rd party copyrighted library called XAD that is available for all POSIX (Unix, Linux, BSD, and for AmigaOS, MorphOS, etc.). This library is freely distributable
Comparison of operating systems
Comparison_of_operating_systems
Extent-based file system
OpenSolaris, SINIX/Reliant UNIX, UnixWare and SCO OpenServer.[citation needed] VxFS was originally developed for AT&T's Unix System Laboratories. VxFS
Veritas_File_System
File format for storing file checksums
Opensource Windows/Linux application Check SFV - SFV software for UNIX systems checkSum+, Mac OS X, MD5 compatible, free isfv sfv checksum verifier for
Simple_file_verification
Code-breaking game
versions were written for the TSS/8 time-sharing system by J.S. Felton, for Unix by Ken Thompson, and for the Multics system at MIT by Jerrold Grochow. Since
Mastermind_(board_game)
Computer program for working with tabular data
Corporation/Ashton-Tate (1983–84) GNU Oleo – A traditional terminal mode spreadsheet for UNIX/UNIX-like systems IBM Lotus Symphony (2007) Javelin Software KCells Lucid 3-D
Spreadsheet
Software to help correct spelling errors
into general use. SPELL, its algorithms and data structures inspired the Unix ispell program. The first spell checkers were widely available on mainframe
Spell_checker
1989 nonfiction book by Clifford Stoll
book, Stoll saw that the hacker was familiar with VAX/VMS, as well as AT&T Unix. He also noted that the hacker tended to be active around the middle of the
The_Cuckoo's_Egg_(book)
Programming language for statistics
Retrieved 28 December 2022. Ihaka, Ross (5 December 1997). "New R Version for Unix". stat.ethz.ch. Archived from the original on 12 February 2023. Retrieved
R_(programming_language)
Divide and conquer sorting algorithm
Quicksort. Quicksort gained widespread adoption, appearing, for example, in Unix as the default library sort subroutine. Hence, it lent its name to the C
Quicksort
Triangular array of consecutive natural numbers
numbers. The nth row sums to n(n2 + 1)/2, the constant of an n × n magic square (sequence A006003 in the OEIS). Summing up the row sums in Floyd's triangle
Floyd's_triangle
Relative market adoption of operating systems
market share has Linux leading with a 63.1% marketshare, followed by Windows, Unix and other operating systems. Linux is also most used for web servers, and
Usage share of operating systems
Usage_share_of_operating_systems
High-level programming language
support, first released 1999. Regular expressions Cross-platform: Windows API; Unix, Linux, Macintosh etc. Close, cross-platform integration with windowing (GUI)
Tcl_(programming_language)
Type of resource record in the Domain Name System
modification to the zone's data file expressed as the number of seconds since the UNIX epoch. This method is used by default in the djbdns suite. Although it uses
SOA_record
American activist and programmer (born 1953)
License. Stallman launched the GNU Project in September 1983 to write a Unix-like computer operating system composed entirely of free software. With that
Richard_Stallman
Two-dimensional cellular automaton
editor. Xlife is a cellular-automaton laboratory by Jon Bennett. The standard UNIX X11 Game of Life simulation application for a long time, it has also been
Conway's_Game_of_Life
Neologism coined by Robert Heinlein
Martian) would do. A typical tech use from the Linux Bible characterizes the Unix software development philosophy as "one that can make your life a lot simpler
Grok
Unary operators that add or subtract one from their operand, respectively
and auto-decrement address modes provided by the DEC PDP-11 on which C and Unix first became popular. This is historically impossible, since there was no
Increment and decrement operators
Increment_and_decrement_operators
Programming syntax
C#, and Rust are not subject to this problem. Fluent interface Pipeline (Unix) Nesting (computing) Builder pattern Pyramid of doom (programming) "CMSC
Method_chaining
Header file for C programs
ISO C nor POSIX. The file, as defined in the second version of the Single UNIX Specification, simply contains all of the functionality of C89 <stdarg.h>
Stdarg.h
Free and open source file archiver
archive formats List of file archivers Comparison of file archivers List of Unix commands rzip lzma "Freearc news". "Freearc Changelog". "FreeArc news". 2009-12-21
FreeArc
Topics referred to by the same term
body Cyclophosphamide, a medication to suppress the immune system cp (Unix), a UNIX command for copying files and directories Certificate policy, outlining
CP
Collection of date-labeled file folders
usually maintained in computerized databases or with simple tools such as a Unix "calendar" file, a Microsoft Outlook calendar, etc. Calendar Time management
Tickler_file
Software development methodology
Depending on the script, this may expose the /etc/passwd file, which on Unix-like systems contains (among others) user IDs, their login names, home directory
Secure_coding
Lossless digital audio coding format
implementation of FLAC compiles on many platforms, including most Unix (such as Solaris, BSD) and Unix-like (including Linux), Windows, BeOS, and OS/2 operating
FLAC
Proposed geologic epoch
Quaternary Holocene Anthropocene Crawfordian ← Y2K ← Great Acceleration ← Unix time Subdivision of the Anthropocene according to the Anthropocene Working
Anthropocene
Topics referred to by the same term
on the Carol Burnett character Eunice Harper Higgins Eunice (software), a Unix emulation package for the VAX/VMS operating system Eunice High School, St
Eunice
List of versions of the Java programming language
Migrate to GitHub JEP 376: ZGC: Concurrent Thread-Stack Processing JEP 380: Unix-Domain Socket Channels JEP 386: Alpine Linux Port — not yet stable JEP 387:
Java_version_history
Molecular dynamics software
{\begin{aligned}V=&\sum _{bonds}k_{b}(b-b_{0})^{2}+\sum _{angles}k_{\theta }(\theta -\theta _{0})^{2}+\sum _{dihedrals}k_{\phi }[1+\cos(n\phi -\delta )]\\&+\sum _{impropers}k_{\omega
CHARMM
American multinational technology company
work with Ubuntu Ubuntu Gamer, January 10, 2011 (Article by Luke Benstead) "Unix Drivers". Archived from the original on December 17, 2020. Retrieved August
Nvidia
Discontinued orthodox file manager software
GNOME Commander for Unix-like systems HiFile for Windows, Mac and Linux Krusader for Unix-like systems Midnight Commander for Unix-like systems (including
Norton_Commander
Natural number
configured in their memory-management hardware. The default buffer size of a Unix pipeline is 64KiB (65536 bytes). 65536 is the maximum number of spreadsheet
65,536
Computer algebra system
is written in Common Lisp and runs on all POSIX platforms such as macOS, Unix, BSD, and Linux, as well as under Microsoft Windows and Android. It is free
Maxima_(software)
Network of private resources in an organization
Steven L. Telleen, http://www.iorg.com/ Luk, A. (9 May 1991). "Fujikama goes Unix". [1991] IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Communications, Computers and Signal
Intranet
Directed graph representing dependencies
is given by the coupling of the packages. Software build scripts such as Unix Make, Node npm install, php composer, Twitter bower install, or Apache Ant
Dependency_graph
Principal protocol used to stream data across an IP network
Laurent Joncheray (1995). Simple Active Attack Against TCP (PDF). 5th USENIX UNIX Security Symposium. Retrieved 2023-06-04. John T. Hagen; Barry E. Mullins
Transmission_Control_Protocol
Software development tool
information that should be unique for the compilation and then using the hash sum to identify the cached output. Ccache is free software licensed under the
Ccache
Rate of separation of infinitesimally close trajectories
analyzing time series. Both tools are cross-platform (Windows, macOS, Linux/Unix), come with extensive documentation and sample files, and run in a text-based
Lyapunov_exponent
Macintosh computer software
end if FutureBasic allows the triggering of UNIX commands. Example: // print a calendar for 2009 open "UNIX", 1, "cal 2009" dim a$ do line input #1, a$
FutureBASIC
on 2008-04-18. Retrieved 2011-01-05. Rochkind, Marc J. (2004). Advanced Unix Programming, Second Edition. Addison-Wesley. p. 1.1.2. "WordNet Search—3
Glossary_of_computer_science
Computer program that provides a user interface to work with file systems
(from the name of the corresponding internal IBM program), which runs on Unix. Orthodox file managers (sometimes abbreviated to "OFM") or command-based
File_manager
Number of arguments required by a function
This is used when the intermediate result would overflow a single cell. The Unix dc calculator has several ternary operators, such as |, which will pop three
Arity
Free and open source audio player
Customisable Aggregation across albums or playlists (min, max, average, sum, Bayesian average) Multiple ways to browse the library: Progressive search
Quod_Libet_(software)
by Baidu, which wanted to hire him and all his students for an enormous sum. Hinton decided to hold an auction and, at a Lake Tahoe AI conference, they
History of artificial intelligence
History_of_artificial_intelligence
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
Female
Thai/Siamese
Thai name SOM means "orange (the fruit)."
Girl/Female
Egyptian English
Ask.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : variant spelling of Schum.Chinese : (Pinyin Cen) this surname was derived from an area so named during the Zhou dynasty (1122–221 bc).
Boy/Male
Australian, Biblical, Danish, German, Swedish
Mame; Renown; Sun Child; Little Sun
Male
English
Unisex short form of English Samantha and Samuel, both SAM means "heard of God," "his name is El," or "name of God."
Girl/Female
Indian, Kannada, Korean, Telugu
The Sun; Obedient
Boy/Male
American, Arabic, British, Czechoslovakian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Iranian, Jamaican, Malayalam, Parsi, Sanskrit, Swedish, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu
Told by God; God has Listen; To Hear; Sun; His Name is God; Sun Child; Little Sun; Strong Person; Heard of God; God; Good Person
Girl/Female
Australian, Danish, Swedish
Sun
Female
English
Short form of English Susan, SUE means "lily."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Humm 1.Swiss German : unexplained.Chinese : Taishan spelling of of Tan 1.Other Southeast Asian : unexplained.
Boy/Male
Egyptian
Great god of Annu.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a pet form of the personal name Samson (see Samson).Dutch (van Sam) : variant of Van den Sand (see Sand 2).Nigerian and Ghanaian : unexplained.Chinese : variant of Shen.Chinese : variant of Shum.Other Southeast Asian : unexplained.
Male
English
Short form of English Simon, SIM means "hearkening."
Male
English
Short form of English Humbert, possibly HUM means "bright support."Â
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from places in Lancashire and West Yorkshire called Lumb, both apparently originally named with Old English lum(m) ‘pool’. The word is not independently attested, but appears also in Lomax and Lumley, and may be reflected in the dialect term lum denoting a well for collecting water in a mine. In some instances the name may be topographical for someone who lived by a pool, Middle English lum(m).English : variant of Lamb.Chinese : variant of Lin 1.Chinese : possibly a variant of Lan.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Fragrance; Flower; Sum; Total
Boy/Male
Irish
From the town by the river Boyn.
Girl/Female
Biblical Hindi Indian
That withdraws or departs, rebellion.
Boy/Male
Sikh
Sun, Godly, Warrior, Brave, A musical note
Boy/Male
Hebrew American
Sun child; bright sun.
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
Boy/Male
Native American
Nez Perce name for light on the mountain.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, Irish
Sorrow; Grief; Fear or Raging Woman; Young Girl
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Celtic, Christian, English, Gaelic, Irish
Courageous; Hero; Man of Courage
Boy/Male
English
Lives by the spring/well.
Boy/Male
Hindu
White falcon
Female
Egyptian
, the mother and daughter of King Nofre-hotep.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Fire
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Arcturus Star
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Billington, found as such in colonial VA.English : There are also two places in England named Bullington, in Leicestershire and Buckinghamshire, and it is possible that either or both of these could have given rise to the surname.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Lord Buddha
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
SUM UNIX
v. t.
To expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in the sun; as, to sun cloth; to sun grain.
n.
A vegetable secretion of many trees or plants that hardens when it exudes, but is soluble in water; as, gum arabic; gum tragacanth; the gum of the cherry tree. Also, with less propriety, exudations that are not soluble in water; as, gum copal and gum sandarac, which are really resins.
v. i.
To exude or from gum; to become gummy.
n.
The aggregate of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or particulars; the amount or whole of any number of individuals or particulars added together; as, the sum of 5 and 7 is 12.
n.
The direct light or warmth of the sun; sunshine.
v. i.
To form a scum; to become covered with scum. Also used figuratively.
v. i.
To prosecute; to make legal claim; to seek (for something) in law; as, to sue for damages.
v. t.
To leave high and dry on shore; as, to sue a ship.
n.
The principal points or thoughts when viewed together; the amount; the substance; compendium; as, this is the sum of all the evidence in the case; this is the sum and substance of his objections.
v. t.
To take the scum from; to clear off the impure matter from the surface of; to skim.
n.
A quantity of money or currency; any amount, indefinitely; as, a sum of money; a small sum, or a large sum.
a.
Old-fashioned; queer; odd; as, a rum idea; a rum fellow.
v. t.
To sing with shut mouth; to murmur without articulation; to mumble; as, to hum a tune.
n.
That which resembles the sun, as in splendor or importance; any source of light, warmth, or animation.
v. t.
To smear with gum; to close with gum; to unite or stiffen by gum or a gumlike substance; to make sticky with a gumlike substance.
n.
Sum subscribed; amount of sums subscribed; as, an individual subscription to a fund.
n.
See Gum tree, below.