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Data used to detect errors in other data
A checksum is a small-sized block of data derived from another block of digital data for the purpose of detecting errors that may have been introduced
Checksum
Mechanism to detect corruption in the header of an IPv4 packet
The Internet checksum, also called the IPv4 header checksum is a checksum used in version 4 of the Internet Protocol (IPv4) to detect corruption in the
Internet_checksum
Principal protocol used to stream data across an IP network
packets. To assure correctness a checksum field is included; see § Checksum computation for details. The TCP checksum is a weak check by modern standards
Transmission_Control_Protocol
Principal protocol used for transmission of datagrams across an IP network
connection and that UDP does not keep track of what it has sent. UDP provides checksums for data integrity, and port numbers for addressing different functions
User_Datagram_Protocol
Algorithm
The Fletcher checksum is an algorithm for computing a position-dependent checksum devised by John G. Fletcher (1934–2012) at Lawrence Livermore Labs in
Fletcher's_checksum
redundancy checks, checksum functions, and cryptographic hash functions. Adler-32 is often mistaken for a CRC, but it is not: it is a checksum. Hash function
List_of_hash_functions
Standard barcode system used in global trade
5). The checksum is calculated as sum of products – taking an alternating weight value (3 or 1) times the value of each data digit. The checksum digit is
International_Article_Number
Error-detecting code for detecting data changes
CRC algorithms CRC Polynomial Zoo Checksum Computation of cyclic redundancy checks Information security List of checksum algorithms List of hash functions
Cyclic_redundancy_check
Internet protocol used for error messages in network operations
The header contains only three fields: Type (8 bits), Code (8 bits), and Checksum (16 bits). Type: 8 bits Specifies the type of the message. Values in the
ICMPv6
Computer checksum algorithm
Adler-32 is a checksum algorithm written by Mark Adler in 1995, modifying Fletcher's checksum. Compared to a cyclic redundancy check of the same length
Adler-32
Simple checksum formula
States Patent for a simple, hand-held, mechanical device for computing the checksum. The device took the mod 10 sum by mechanical means. The substitution digits
Luhn_algorithm
Swedish national identification number
have their birth county or immigration identified. The last digit is a checksum which was introduced in 1967 when the system was computerized. Originally
Personal identity number (Sweden)
Personal_identity_number_(Sweden)
Barcode format
symbol (followed by a 2-unit bar). The check digit is a weighted modulo-103 checksum. It is calculated by summing the start code 'value' to the products of
Code_128
Type of hash function
A rolling hash (also known as recursive hashing or rolling checksum) is a hash function where the input is hashed in a window that moves through the input
Rolling_hash
Internet protocol used for error messages in network operations
messages. Code: 8 bits ICMP subtype, see § Control messages. Checksum: 16 bits Internet checksum for error checking, calculated from the ICMP header and data
Internet Control Message Protocol
Internet_Control_Message_Protocol
Identity document of China
sum % 11) % 11 end puts checksum('34262219840209049') # first 17 digits # => 10 puts checksum('63280119790817003') # => 6 Checksum derivation process in
Resident_Identity_Card
Cisco tunneling protocol
of the GRE packet header is represented below: C (1 bit) Checksum bit. Set to 1 if a checksum is present. K (1 bit) Key bit. Set to 1 if a key is present
Generic_routing_encapsulation
In cryptography, a Key Checksum Value (KCV) is the checksum of a cryptographic key. It is used to validate the integrity of the key or compare keys without
Key_checksum_value
Legacy checksum algorithm
The BSD checksum algorithm was a commonly used, legacy checksum algorithm. It has been implemented in old BSD and is also available through the sum command
BSD_checksum
File format developed by Motorola
the record (address + data + checksum). This field has a minimum value of 3 (2 for 16-bit address field plus 1 checksum byte), and a maximum value of
Motorola_S-record
Number to represent one's identity as a numerical code
checksum digit is 1, otherwise it is the remainder itself. Example ======= Control = 279146358279 CNP = 1800101221144 ^ checksum digit = 4 Checksum value
National identification number
National_identification_number
Distributed Checksum Clearinghouse (also referred to as DCC) is a method of spam email detection. The basic logic in DCC is that most spam mails are sent
Distributed Checksum Clearinghouse
Distributed_Checksum_Clearinghouse
File format for conveying binary information
the computed checksum equals the checksum appearing in the record; an error is indicated if the checksums differ. Since the record's checksum byte is the
Intel_HEX
Network utility used to test the reachability of a host
like this. Type: 8 bits Set to 8 to indicate 'Echo Request'. Checksum: 16 bits Checksum is the 16-bit ones' complement of the ones' complement sum of
Ping_(networking_utility)
Operation of checking the integrity of file
an algorithm for verifying the integrity of a computer file, usually by checksum. This can be done by comparing two files bit-by-bit, but requires two copies
File_verification
Message-digest hashing algorithm
function MD4, and was specified in 1992 as RFC 1321. MD5 can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption. Historically
MD5
Commonly used, legacy checksum algorithm
The SYSV checksum algorithm was a commonly used, legacy checksum algorithm. It has been implemented in UNIX System V and is also available through the
SYSV_checksum
Fourth version of the Internet Protocol
include: Header Checksum: 16 bits The IPv4 header checksum field is used for error checking of the header. Before sending a packet, the checksum is computed
IPv4
Error detection for identification numbers
Luhn algorithm (1954) Verhoeff algorithm (1969) Damm algorithm (2004) Checksum Casting out nines – similar modular sum check Check bit – binary equivalent
Check_digit
Hierarchical file packaging format
manifest listing every file in the payload together with its corresponding checksum. The name, BagIt, is inspired by the "enclose and deposit" method, sometimes
BagIt
Communication standard for marine electronics
included if a checksum is supplied. The asterisk is immediately followed by a checksum represented as a two-digit hexadecimal number. The checksum is the bitwise
NMEA_0183
ID system in most former Yugoslav republics
the particular municipality) 000–499 – male 500–999 – female K – checksum The checksum is calculated from the mapping DDMMYYYRRBBBK = abcdefghijklm, using
Unique_Master_Citizen_Number
Barcode system used by Royal Mail
differs from CBC in that it does not use the start and end symbols or the checksum, separates the house number and suffixes with an X, and is placed below
RM4SCC
Unix command
utility outputs a 16-bit checksum of each argument file, as well as the number of blocks they take on disk. Two different checksum algorithms are in use
Sum_(Unix)
9999, without leading zeroes) _ – Checksum letter ("F", "I", "N", "O", "Q", "V" and "W" are never used as checksum letters; absent on special government
Vehicle registration plates of Singapore
Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Singapore
File synchronization protocol and software
and computes two checksums for each chunk: the MD5 hash, and a weaker but easier to compute 'rolling checksum'. It sends these checksums to the sender.
Rsync
Standard for remote reading of utility meters
A-field, checksum, 0x16 sending simple commands Long frame ≥9 0x68, length, length, 0x68, C-field, A-field, CI-field, [0…252 payload bytes], checksum, 0x16
Meter-Bus
various barcode generating software and barcode scanners. Checksum is calculated as other UPC checksums: x 6 = 10 − ( ( 3 x 1 + x 2 + 3 x 3 + x 4 + 3 x 5 )
ITF-6
Orbital data format
his CelesTrak bulletin board system. This revealed a problem in NASA's checksum system, which was eventually determined to be caused by a change in the
Two-line_element_set
Data link layer communication protocol
protocol that provides framing and may provide other functions such as a checksum to detect transmission errors. PPP on serial links is usually encapsulated
Point-to-Point_Protocol
Type of intrusion detection system
remember its attributes (permissions, size, modifications dates) and create a checksum of some kind (an MD5, SHA1 hash or similar) for the contents, if any. This
Host-based intrusion detection system
Host-based_intrusion_detection_system
Error detection number calculated over a serial data stream
This "extra" LRC word at the end of a block of data is very similar to checksum and cyclic redundancy check (CRC). While simple longitudinal parity can
Longitudinal_redundancy_check
Traditional Kashmiri dish
Ages. Roli Books. ISBN 978-8174363264. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Razdan, Bharat (2008). The Essential Kashmiri Cookbook. Penguin
Methi_maaz
style="application/x-gzip"/> <archived-checksum style="SHA1">a5f6f1461213a904f831d4ef6f214638342842ed</archived-checksum> <extracted-checksum style="SHA1">21d21a0c90
Xar_(archiver)
which is calculated as mod 10/3 checksum. Because specification of Matrix 2 of 5 does not require checksum any other checksum types could be used with the
Matrix_2_of_5
calculating a known cryptographic checksum of the file's original baseline and comparing with the calculated checksum of the current state of the file
File_integrity_monitoring
File system for tracking pending changes
logged with a checksum, on the understanding that a crash would leave a partially written change with a missing (or mismatched) checksum that can simply
Journaling_file_system
Reliable digital data delivery methods on unreliable channels
a checksum protecting the contents of the header. Packets with incorrect checksums are dropped within the network or at the receiver. The checksum was
Error detection and correction
Error_detection_and_correction
Copy-on-write file system
checksums are computed for both data and metadata and stored as checksum items in a checksum tree. There is room for 256 bits of metadata checksums and
Btrfs
Machine-readable travel document utilizing optical character recognition
A machine-readable passport (MRP) is a machine-readable travel document (MRTD) with the data on the identity page encoded in optical character recognition
Machine-readable_passport
Disk encryption software
contain a hash of the decrypted key of the keyslot that functions as a checksum and to verify correctness of the password. Keyslots contain encrypted keys
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Vehicle network technology
application which the LIN slave runs in. CHECKSUM: There are two checksum-models available within LIN - The first is the checksum including the data bytes only (specification
Local_Interconnect_Network
National identification number used in Poland
I×1 + J×3 The checksum is the last digit of result of the above expression subtracted from 10. If this last digit is 0, then the checksum is 0. If the
PESEL
Message-oriented transport layer protocol
CCID. Checksum Coverage (CsCov): 4 bits Checksum Coverage determines the parts of the packet that are covered by the Checksum field. Checksum: 16 bits
Datagram Congestion Control Protocol
Datagram_Congestion_Control_Protocol
Indian director and producer
Press. p. 185. ISBN 978-0-19-563579-2. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) "Nanabhai Bhatt". Cinestaan. Retrieved 14 July 2025. "Mahesh Bhatt
Nanabhai_Bhatt
Way to traverse IP address spaces without routing
In this type of NAT, only the IP addresses, IP header checksum, and any higher-level checksums that include the IP address are changed. Basic NAT can
Network_address_translation
Electronic communications protocol
in the header. The trailer contains the last field of the message, 10 (Checksum), always expressed as a three-digit number (e.g. 10=002). Example of a
Financial Information eXchange
Financial_Information_eXchange
Political party in Maharashtra, India
University Press. ISBN 9780691088424. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Phadke, Manasi (23 January 2023). "Shiv Sena factions clamour for
Shiv_Sena_(2022–present)
Formatted unit of data carried by a packet-switched network
at various layers in the protocol stack. Network packets may contain a checksum, parity bits or cyclic redundancy checks to detect errors that occur during
Network_packet
Decimal error detection code
The Verhoeff algorithm is a checksum for error detection first published by Dutch mathematician Jacobus Verhoeff in 1969. It was the first decimal check
Verhoeff_algorithm
Unique identifier in Australia
digits are a checksum. Unlike with the tax file number (TFN), the ATO has publicised the formula for checking and creating valid ABN checksums. Also, the
Australian_Business_Number
Unique numeric book identifier since 1970
or territory), the registrant element, the publication element, and a checksum character or check digit. A 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts
ISBN
Lozi masculine given name and surname
Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-435-90215-4. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) "Amazon.com: Zambezi Names And Definitions eBook : Munyaza, Malcolm
Nyambe_(name)
Layer in the Internet protocol suite and OSI model
congestion and errors. By means of an error detection code, such as a checksum, the transport protocol may check that the data is not corrupted, and verify
Transport_layer
Communication protocol
instance of the LSA. used to detect old and duplicate LSAs. LS Checksum (16 bits) Checksum of the contents of the LSA. Length (16 bits) The length of the
Link-state_advertisement
Form of religious nationalism associated with Buddhism
University Press. ISBN 9780691007877. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Schober, Juliane (2011). Modern Buddhist Conjunctures in Myanmar:
Buddhist_nationalism
1980s Unique Country Code (UCC) prefix for EAN identifiers of books
Bookland UCC 978, the 9 digits of the book's ISBN other than its checksum, and the EAN checksum digit. Since parts of the 10-character ISBN space are nearly
Bookland
South Indian title
Kaveri Books. ISBN 9788174790665. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Hardgrave, Robert L. (1969). The Nadars of Tamilnad: The Political
Chettiar
File transfer protocol
extended XMODEM varieties. Like XMODEM-CRC, YMODEM replaced the 8-bit checksum with a 16-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC), but made it the default form
YMODEM
American R&B and electro-funk group
Billboard Books. ISBN 978-0-8230-7675-1. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Warwick, Neil (2004). The Complete Book of the British Charts: Singles
The_S.O.S._Band
File format for storing file checksums
Simple file verification (SFV) is a file format for storing CRC-32 checksums of files to verify the integrity of files. SFV is used to verify that a file
Simple_file_verification
Data communicated alongside other data
Count word are 0–255 (inclusive) User Data Words (UDW), followed by a Checksum (CS) word. The Data Identifier word (along with the SDID, if used), indicates
Ancillary_data
Icelandic national identification number
identification number (kennitala) used to demonstrate how it's constructed. Birth date (DDMMYY) Random number (20 to 99) Checksum Birth century indicator
Icelandic identification number
Icelandic_identification_number
Peer-to-peer file sharing network
identification checksum is computed by concatenating the chunks' MD4 checksums in order and hashing the result. In cryptographic terms, the list of MD4 checksums is
EDonkey_network
Capital and most populous city in Japan
w/o suffix Full name District or Subprefecture Population LPE code (w/o checksum) Japanese Transcription Translation Adachi 足立区 Adachi-ku Adachi Ward —N/a
Tokyo
AUTOMATIC_IPC = ON SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (ALL) SQLNET.CRYPTO_CHECKSUM_CLIENT = ACCEPTED TNSPING.TRACE_DIRECTORY = /oracle/traces This section
Sqlnet.ora
Brazilian plastic surgeon (1926–2016)
value: checksum (help) Pitanguy, Ivo (2000). Cem Frases Que Me Tocaram. Editora Rocco. ISBN 9788532508839. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
Ivo_Pitanguy
Computer networking protocol
where either all or none of a packet is protected by a checksum, UDP-Lite allows for partial checksums that only covers part of a datagram (an arbitrary count
UDP-Lite
Ancient Egyptian deity
pp. 212–215. ISBN 978-1589831828. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Hart, George (2005). The Routledge Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and
Iah
Orthodox file manager
for tabs, bookmarks, customizable keyboard shortcuts, compressed files, checksums, and custom file list colors. The default keyboard shortcuts and default
Double_Commander
Term for computer data consisting only of unformatted characters of readable material
characters in 8 bits rather than 7, ignoring the remaining bit or using it as a checksum. When a document is received without any explicit indication of the character
Plain_text
German general in the Wehrmacht (1888–1945)
value: checksum (help) Schulz, Gerhard (2001). Die Polizei im Dritten Reich. Nomos. ISBN 978-3789042937. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help)
Georg_von_Majewski
Copy-on-write file system
written/read checksums correctly but is actually wrong) are undetectable by most filesystems as they store the checksum with the data. ZFS stores the checksum of
ZFS
File format and file archiver program
instead of zeroes. The checksum is calculated by taking the sum of the unsigned byte values of the header record with the eight checksum bytes taken to be
Tar_(computing)
Industrial automation protocol
is. Data contained in this field depends on the command to be executed. Checksum is composed of an XOR of all the bytes starting from the start byte and
Highway Addressable Remote Transducer Protocol
Highway_Addressable_Remote_Transducer_Protocol
Network topology for parallel computers
2 (010 in binary). The payload is the message, M and trailer contains checksum. Therefore, the actual message transmitted from processor 5 is: Upon reaching
Butterfly_network
Mythological combat motif
University Press. ISBN 0-19-508597-7. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Watson, Rebecca S. (2005). Chaos Uncreated: A Reassessment of the
Chaoskampf
Faction of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
Press. p. 1985. ISBN 978-0253056821. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Bricker, Dale (1992). Freedom in the World: Political Rights and
Parcham
Variable length, discrete barcode symbology
numeric value assigned to each character (except start/stop) is used in the checksum algorithm described below. Characters are separated by an additional narrow
Code_39
Flash file system
parameters and the checksum sector. (There are two VBR type regions, the main VBR and the backup VBR.) The checksum sector is a checksum of the previous
ExFAT
Identification number for NHS users
subtracted from 11 to give the checksum in the range 1–11, in this case 9, which becomes the last digit of the NHS number. A checksum of 11 is represented by
NHS_number
Cabinet of the Soviet Union
pp. 321–325. ISBN 978-0-385-48019-9. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) Ivkin, Vladimir Ivanovich (1999). Государственная власть СССР [State
First_Ryzhkov_Government
Open-source file system
atomicity guarantees, and it uses a combination replication, metadata checksums, and RAID 4 parity to protect data and metadata from media errors and
NOVA_(filesystem)
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
fingerprinting, to detect duplicate data or uniquely identify files, and as checksums to detect accidental data corruption. Indeed, in information-security
Cryptographic_hash_function
Code used in U.S. check transactions
provides a checksum test using a position-weighted sum of each of the digits. High-speed check-sorting equipment will typically verify the checksum and if
Routing_transit_number
Internet protocol
in the Version field, which indicates IPv4. Header Checksum: 16 bits This field is the IP checksum of outer header. Source IP Address: 32 bits This field
IP_in_IP
Type of timecode in a video signal
frame structure with extra synchronization bits and an error-detection checksum. The exception is that VITC is encoded twice per interlaced video frame
Vertical_interval_timecode
Free hex and disk editor
by running processes. Among other features, it can calculate various checksums, compare files, or shred files. HxD is distributed as freeware and is
HxD
Process of making items from metal
heat, a coolant is generally used. {{cite book}}: Check |isbn= value: checksum (help) "The Basics of Coolant". Modern Machine Shop. Flood coolant is the
Metalworking
not used. The structure of the barcode is based on the checksum. In order to compute the checksum, multiply each of the digits by either 3 or 9, alternating
EAN-5
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Boy/Male
British, English, German
Hopeful
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Young Brain
Girl/Female
Hindu
A garland
Male
Egyptian
, the son of captain Mentun-sasu.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim, Pashtun
Beautiful
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
The Fruit from which Krishna Loved
Boy/Male
Japanese
In the morning; bright shining field; beautiful sunrise/dawn.
Boy/Male
Indian
Praising Lord
Male
Italian
Masculine form of Italian Concetta, CONCETTO means "conception."
Girl/Female
Indian
Like doll
CHECKSUM
CHECKSUM
CHECKSUM
CHECKSUM
CHECKSUM