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Types of quantities in financial fields
and related fields often distinguish between quantities that are stocks and those that are flows. These differ in their units of measurement. A stock
Stock_and_flow
Family of macroeconomic models
Stock-flow consistent models (SFC) are a family of non-equilibrium macroeconomic models based on a rigorous accounting framework, that seeks to guarantee
Stock-flow_consistent_model
Study of non-linear complex systems
calculations) of the stock-flow-feedback structure of the GE plants, which included the existing corporate decision-making structure for hiring and layoffs, Forrester
System_dynamics
Shares into which ownership of the corporation is divided
Social ownership Stock and flow Stock dilution Stock valuation Stock token Stub (stock) Tracking stock Treasury stock Traditional and alternative investments
Stock
System dynamics archetype
of control, resembling the Escalation archetype. Figure 2 shows the stock and flow diagram for this archetype. An alternative form of the model is shown
Accidental_Adversaries
Chart of the interactions in a system
system Dynamic stock and flow diagram Information flow diagram, an illustration of information flow throughout an organisation Process flow diagram, in Operations
Flow_diagram
modelling and simulating large hierarchical models with multidimensional variables. The models are created in a traditional way with stock and flow diagrams
Simantics_System_Dynamics
Metric in financial accounting
Investment Cash Flow) − other income that is non cash and/or non sales related Cash paid to operating suppliers: costs of sales − Stock Variation = Purchase
Operating_cash_flow
Place where stocks are traded
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called as shares), which represent ownership claims
Stock_market
Law in public finance studies: income as consumption plus change in net worth
understanding national-accounting stock and flow measures, and the use of those measures in economic analysis, theory, and modeling. It is especially pertinent
Haig–Simons_income
Type of stock senior to common stock
combination of features not possessed by common stock, including properties of both an equity and a debt instrument, and is generally considered a hybrid instrument
Preferred_stock
Systems Dynamics concept
with explanations and examples, for systems in general. She describes a system as being in a certain state, consisting of a stock and flow, with inflows (amounts
Twelve_leverage_points
In statistics, in flow sampling, as opposed to stock sampling, observations are collected as they enter the particular state of interest during a particular
Flow_sampling
System archetype
applied, the overall crisis threshold rises. A representation with a stock and flow diagram of this archetype is on Fig. 3. The fix influences the number
Fixes_that_fail
Platform for stock trading ideas
buying support and decreasing prices usually characterize selling pressure. The result provides insight into cash flow into or out of a stock. To determine
Chaikin_Analytics
Stock sampling is sampling people in a certain state at the time of the survey.[clarification needed] This is in contrast to flow sampling, where the
Stock_sampling
Theory in economics
JSTOR 2225356. Patinkin, Don (1958). "Liquidity Preference and Loanable Funds: Stock and Flow Analysis". Economica. 25 (100): 300–318. doi:10.2307/2550760
Loanable_funds
Set of actions with the intent of earning profit
the pattern of expenditure and receipt of resources to optimise the desirable patterns of these flows". When expenditures and receipts are defined in terms
Investment
Concept asserting ongoing stock market bubble
The AI bubble is a concept that asserts there is a stock market bubble growing since 2025 amid the AI boom, a period of rapid increase in investment in
AI_bubble
Method of calculating theoretical values of companies and their stocks
to give an estimate of the intrinsic value of a stock, based on predictions of the future cash flows and profitability of the business. Fundamental analysis
Stock_valuation
Form of mass wasting
mud flow, is a form of mass wasting involving fast-moving flow of debris and dirt that has become liquified by the addition of water. Such flows can move
Mudflow
Method of valuing a project, company, or asset
Discounted cash flow valuation is differentiated from the accounting book value, which is based on the amount paid for the asset. Following the stock market crash
Discounted_cash_flow
Compensation that a broker receives
Payment for order flow (PFOF) is the compensation that a stockbroker receives from a market maker in exchange for the broker routing its clients' trades
Payment_for_order_flow
Mental representation of the external world
another way to express the structure of a qualitative dynamic system Stock and flow diagrams – a way to quantify the structure of a dynamic system These
Mental_model
Already-produced durable goods that are used in production of goods or services
production" of goods and services. A typical example is the machinery used in a factory. At the macroeconomic level, "the nation's capital stock includes buildings
Capital_(economics)
Financial accounting term
cash flow (FCF) or free cash flow to firm (FCFF) is the amount by which a business's operating cash flow exceeds its working capital needs and expenditures
Free_cash_flow
multidimensional variables created in a traditional way with stock and flow diagrams and causal loop diagrams. SimPy - an open-source discrete-event simulation
List of computer simulation software
List_of_computer_simulation_software
Financial statement
a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash flows, is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect
Cash_flow_statement
Financial metric comparing stock price to cash flow per share
if the stock price for two companies is $25/share and one company has a cash flow of $5/share (25⁄5=5) and the other company has a cash flow of $10/share
Price-to-cash_flow_ratio
Simulation software developed by Ventana Systems
Learning Edition". Vensim provides a graphical modeling interface with stock and flow and causal loop diagrams, on top of a text-based system of equations in
Vensim
Weighted measure of times until stock dividends are received
The duration of a stock is the average of the times until its cash flows are received, weighted by their present values. The most popular model of duration
Stock_duration
Estimation method of company valuation
A related approach is to "reverse engineer" the stock price; i.e. to "figure out how much cash flow the company would be expected to make to generate
Valuation using discounted cash flows
Valuation_using_discounted_cash_flows
Type of equity in finance
finance, a growth stock is a stock of a company that generates substantial and sustainable positive cash flow and whose revenues and earnings are expected
Growth_stock
Trading strategy
Order flow trading is a type of trading strategy and form of analysis used by traders on the markets, other popular forms of market/trading analysis include
Order_flow_trading
Companies on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx), ordered numerically by stock code. The names of the companies appear exactly as they do on the stock exchange listing
List of companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
List_of_companies_listed_on_the_Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange
Derivative of a function with respect to time
and therefore employ time derivatives. One situation involves a stock variable and its time derivative, a flow variable. Examples include: The flow of
Time_derivative
Represents the inputs and outputs to a process
conventionally portrayed as flows (see Stock and flow), whereas more general treatments regard production as combining stocks (e.g. land) and flows (e.g. labour) (see
Production_set
Payment made by a corporation to its shareholders
stockholders and/or to grow the business. Free cash flow payout ratio = dividends per share/free cash flow per share × 100 A free cash flow payout ratio
Dividend
Business entity owned by shareholders
A joint-stock company (JSC) is a business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by shareholders. Each shareholder owns
Joint-stock_company
Long-lived physical assets used repeatedly in production
Gross fixed capital formation Organic composition of capital (Capital) stock and flow § Listed in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics Varri P. (1987)
Fixed_capital
Inventory management identifier
In inventory management, a stock keeping unit (abbreviated as SKU, pronounced es-kay-YOU or SKEW) is the unit of measure in which the stocks of a material
Stock_keeping_unit
Measurement of stock markets
to total money flow. MFI is used to measure the "enthusiasm" of the market. In other words, the money flow index shows how much a stock was traded. A value
Money_flow_index
Lebanese economist and author
Mousten Hansen contested Ammous’s emphasis on the stock-to-flow ratio, calling it a "red herring," and contended that the essential distinction in sound
Saifedean_Ammous
Sudanese writer (born 1964)
Sc.) degree and a Master of Philosophy (MPhil) degree in statistics from the London School of Economics. Her thesis is titled Stock and flow models for
Leila_Aboulela
Acquisition of a company using a significant proportion of borrowed money
typically tax-deductible, reducing the overall tax burden and improving post-tax cash flows. Exit strategy focus: Private equity firms plan exit strategies
Leveraged_buyout
Systems dynamics archetype
causal loop diagram and stock and flow diagram for the insight into model fundamentals. The reinforcing loop (R1 in figure 1 and 2) represents accelerating
Attractiveness_principle
Financial metric which investors use to determine market performance
In finance, a stock market index or stock index is an index that measures the performance of a stock market, or of a subset of a stock market. It helps
Stock_market_index
Excessive inventory
result of poor management of stock demand or of material flow in process management. Excessive stock is also associated with loss of revenue owing to additional
Overstock
Environmental framework
integrating stock and flow concepts and non-market work and be further elaborated by satellite accounts, e.g., environmental expenditures, material flows and taking
System of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting
System_of_Integrated_Environmental_and_Economic_Accounting
Structural component of a long gun
strength, and the grain should flow through the wrist of the stock and out the toe; having the grain perpendicular to these areas weakens the stock considerably
Stock_(firearms)
Term in finance
the use of discounted cash flows, based on the time value of money, to estimate the intrinsic value of stock. Common stock Share capital Market capitalization
Share_price
Low pressure and flow irrigation system
Micro-spray,localized, low-volume, low-flow, or trickle irrigation, is an irrigation method with lower water pressure and flow than a traditional sprinkler system
Micro-irrigation
a crucial role when it comes to different sampling methods, such as stock or flow sampling. On the other hand, duration models have also been extended
Unobserved heterogeneity in duration models
Unobserved_heterogeneity_in_duration_models
Stock exchange in Shenzhen, China
Beijing Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange. It is situated in the Futian district of Shenzhen. The SZSE is the world's 6th largest stock exchange
Shenzhen_Stock_Exchange
Accounting metric
free cash flow to equity (FCFE) is a metric of how much cash can be distributed to the equity shareholders of the company as dividends or stock buybacks—after
Free_cash_flow_to_equity
Meatpacking district of Chicago
When the city permanently reversed the flow of the Chicago River in 1900, the intent was to prevent the Stock Yards' waste products, along with other
Union_Stock_Yards
Distributive economic theory
dividend Distributism Monetary reform Social democracy Social dividend Stock and flow Surplus value Welfare state "Clifford Douglas". Encyclopædia Britannica
Social_credit
Computerized analytical tool
microsimulation generates individual life histories. The technique is used when "stock-and-flow" type modeling of proportions (macrosimulation) of the population cannot
Microsimulation
Stock in an unlisted private company
(PE) is stock in a private company that does not offer stock to the general public. Instead, it is offered to specialized investment funds and limited
Private_equity
System involved in supplying a product or service to a consumer
finished products and distribute them to end consumers or end customers, while supply chain management focuses on the optimization of the flow of goods within
Supply_chain
Individual or organization that owns part of a corporation through shares of its stock
generally classified into (1) cash-flow rights and (2) voting rights. While the value of shares is mainly driven by the cash-flow rights that they carry ("cash
Shareholder
Financial markets term
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission defines a "market maker" as a firm that stands ready to buy and sell stock on a regular and continuous basis
Market_maker
Equity trading driven by social media references
Retrieved 2021-10-20. Alloway, Tracy (27 January 2021). "How 'Flows Before Pros' Is Disrupting Stock Markets". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 23 October
Meme_stock
Israeli-American economist and university administrator
Money, Interest and Prices: An Integration of Monetary and Value Theory, 1956. "Liquidity Preference and Loanable Funds: Stock and Flow Analysis", 1958
Don_Patinkin
Reacquisition by a company of its own shares
they sell the stock, whose price is now higher because of the smaller number of shares outstanding. Aside from paying out free cash flow, repurchases may
Share_repurchase
Defense against a takeover of a company
aborted proxy fight from Carl Icahn. Yahoo's stock price plunged after Microsoft withdrew the bid, and Jerry Yang faced a backlash from stockholders
Shareholder_rights_plan
Toronto Stock Exchange List of Canadian companies S&P/TSX Composite Index Toronto Stock Exchange
Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (F)
Companies_listed_on_the_Toronto_Stock_Exchange_(F)
Goods held for resale
Inventory (British English) or stock (American English) is a quantity of the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale
Inventory
United Kingdom energy company (2013–2019)
2018 Flow Energy was part of Flowgroup plc, an energy innovation and services company listed on the AIM exchange of the London Stock Market and founded
Flow_Energy
British industrial flow control company
British-based company manufacturing industrial flow control equipment. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.
Rotork
U.S. stock market crash lasting 36 minutes in May 6, 2010
United States trillion-dollar flash crash (a type of stock market crash) which started at 2:32 p.m. EDT and lasted for approximately 36 minutes. A variety of
2010_flash_crash
Pattern of motion in a visual scene due to relative motion of the observer
Optical flow or optic flow is the pattern of apparent motion of objects, surfaces, and edges in a visual scene caused by the relative motion between an
Optical_flow
Economic concept
investment "consists of the additions to the nation's capital stock of buildings, equipment, software, and inventories during a year" or, alternatively, investment
Investment_(macroeconomics)
American economist
a common stock, the intrinsic, long-term worth is the present value of its future net cash flows—in the form of dividend distributions and selling price
John_Burr_Williams
worth $100 based on predictable future cash flows, then it is an undervalued stock. The undervalued stock has the intrinsic value below the investment's
Undervalued_stock
In policy debate, Lincoln-Douglas debate, and public forum debate, the flow (flowing in verb form) is the name given to a specialized form of shorthand
Flow_(policy_debate)
Instrument of indebtedness
(debtor) owes the holder (creditor) a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to provide cash flow to the creditor; which usually consists of repaying
Bond_(finance)
Method of accounting for the value of share options
Stock option expensing is a method of accounting for the value of share options, distributed as incentives to employees within the profit and loss reporting
Stock_option_expensing
Transfer of genetic variation from one population to another
gene flow (also known as migration and allele flow) is the transfer of genetic material from one population to another. If the rate of gene flow is high
Gene_flow
Oil and gas industry
Support Ltd, and Dynamic Positioning Services Ltd. Global Flow Technologies was a US-based company that provided flow management products and services, including
Forum_Energy_Technologies
Conduit used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
nearly any diameter when using the right forming die and to any length to suit, but the most common stock sizes range evenly from 4 to 24 in (10 to 61 cm)
Duct_(flow)
Formal record of financial activities
a stated period. A cash flow statement reports on a company's cash flow activities, particularly its operating, investing, and financing activities over
Financial_statement
Regulatory instrument to prevent stock market crashes
information to flow among market makers and for institutional traders to assess their positions and make rational decisions. On the New York Stock Exchange
Trading_curb
Software designed to support and optimize warehouse and distribution center management
the arrival and departure of inventory. Software which fulfils this function can offer features like recording the precise location of stock within the
Warehouse_management_system
Programming language designed 1942 to 1945
Boolean values were represented as integers with FALSE=0 and TRUE=1. Conditional control flow took the form of a guarded statement A -> B, which executed
Plankalkül
Value of earnings per outstanding share of common stock for a company
discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and net income. Preferred stock rights have precedence over common stock. Therefore, dividends on preferred shares
Earnings_per_share
includes two share classes of stock from three of its component companies (Central Garden & Pet Company, Clearway Energy and Under Armour). Stocks here are
List_of_S&P_600_companies
provides end-of-day price data for stock markets in Australia, Canada and USA, worldwide futures price data, cash commodifty and foreign currency data. Such
Norgate_Data
A turnaround stock is a company's stock whose underlying fundamentals such as sales, revenue, cash flow, etc. have declined for a period of time but investors
Turnaround_stock
Ideal level of money
cost or market-value of the stock or flow of transactions. In grossing and netting, they apply certain rules of inclusion and exclusion to obtain the desired
Real_and_ideal_prices
German material handling company based in Hamburg
equipment, warehousing and material flow engineering sectors. In these segments, the company is ranked in second place in Europe, and third in the world.
Jungheinrich
Arbitrage or market manipulation
media networks has allowed online stock promoters to tout stocks and then sell them on their followers after their stock promotion campaigns cause a spike
Scalping_(trading)
Japanese electrical engineering company
and 3 affiliated companies operating in 55 countries. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 stock index
Yokogawa_Electric
Stock exchange located in Lagos, Nigeria
The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NGX), now Nigerian Exchange Group, is an integrated stock exchange group in Africa founded in 1961 in Lagos. Following the
Nigerian_Exchange_Group
Aspect of finance
or equity instrument with a repayment priority between senior debt and common stock equity. Mezzanine debt is subordinated debt that represents a claim
Mezzanine_capital
Branch of economic theory
evolutionary algorithms. Stock-flow consistent models (SFC) are a class of economic models that ensure coherence between stocks and flows in an economy, emphasizing
Non-equilibrium_economics
Process of estimating what something is worth, used in the finance industry
stock valuation is used by analysts to determine the price at which the stock is fairly valued relative to its projected and historical earnings, and
Valuation_(finance)
Interior surface finishing process
large stock-removal operations, although it can be. Abrasive flow machining was first patented by the Extrude Hone Corporation in 1970. In abrasive flow machining
Abrasive_flow_machining
Ensuring the correct level of stock
Inventory control or stock control is the process of managing stock held within a warehouse, store or other storage location, including auditing actions
Inventory_control
Class of financial derivatives
nominally equal cash flows are exchanged as per the terms of the swap, which may involve an equity-based cash flow (such as from a stock asset) that is traded
Equity_derivative
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