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When the nervous system does not respond to stimuli
Stimulus filtering occurs when an animal's nervous system fails to respond to stimuli that would otherwise cause a reaction to occur. The nervous system
Stimulus_filtering
Aspect of learning procedure
procedure in which a biologically potent stimulus (e.g. food, a puff of air on the eye) is paired with a neutral stimulus (e.g. the sound of a musical triangle)
Classical_conditioning
Brain capacity to filter out stimuli
Selective auditory attention Sensory gating Spatial hearing loss Stimulus filtering Bronkhorst, Adelbert W. (2000). "The Cocktail Party Phenomenon: A
Cocktail_party_effect
Early theory of attention
models that stimulus features are selected via their physical properties. However, attended and unattended information pass through the filter, to a second
Broadbent's filter model of attention
Broadbent's_filter_model_of_attention
Linear filter
auditory filtering include the complex gammatone filter, the gammachirp filter, the all-pole and one-zero gammatone filters, the two-sided gammatone filter, and
Gammatone_filter
Automatic process by which the brain adjusts to stimuli
of filtering out redundant or irrelevant stimuli from all possible environmental stimuli reaching the brain. Also referred to as gating or filtering, sensory
Sensory_gating
Mathematical descriptions of the properties of certain cells in the nervous system
a linear filtering process followed by a nonlinear spike generation step. In the case that output spikes feed back, via a linear filtering process, we
Biological_neuron_model
Psychological focus, perception and prioritising discrete information
century, some theorists argued that people could not attend to more than one stimulus at a time. Later, William Hamilton likened attentional capacity to holding
Attention
signal processing, a causal filter is a linear time-invariant (LTI) causal system. The word causal indicates that the filter output depends only on past
Causal_filter
Type of mechanoreceptor cell in hairless mammals
but not when pressure is continuous because of the mechanical filtering of the stimulus in the lamellar structure. The frequencies of the impulses decrease
Pacinian_corpuscle
Branch of knowledge relating physical stimuli and psychological perception
Psychophysics has been described as "the scientific study of the relation between stimulus and sensation" or, more completely, as "the analysis of perceptual processes
Psychophysics
Empirical relationship between actual and perceived changed intensity of stimulus
intensity or strength in a physical stimulus and the perceived magnitude increase in the sensation created by the stimulus. It is often considered to supersede
Stevens's_power_law
Interpretation of sensory information
proximal stimulus. These neural signals are then transmitted to the brain and processed. The resulting mental re-creation of the distal stimulus is the
Perception
Poisson process. The linear filtering stage performs dimensionality reduction, reducing the high-dimensional spatio-temporal stimulus space to a low-dimensional
Linear-nonlinear-Poisson cascade model
Linear-nonlinear-Poisson_cascade_model
Mid-latency auditory event-related potential
the P50 response to a repeated stimulus is commonly used as an index of sensory gating, that is, pre-attentive filtering of redundant or irrelevant sensory
P50_(neuroscience)
Increase in postsynaptic potential by impulses
impulse caused an increase in neurotransmitter release following the second stimulus. During the first nerve impulse, Ca2+ concentration was either significantly
Neural_facilitation
Resistor Inductor Capacitor Circuit
band-pass filter, band-stop filter, low-pass filter or high-pass filter. The tuning application, for instance, is an example of band-pass filtering. The RLC
RLC_circuit
Mental process dealing with knowledge
experience of objects and events. Attention prioritizes specific aspects while filtering out irrelevant information. Memory is the ability to retain, store, and
Cognition
Medical treatment
medical treatment that implements systemic targeted delivery of an energy stimulus or chemical agents to a specific neurological zone in the body to alter
Neurotherapy
Cognitive processes necessary for control of behavior
diagnose neurological and psychiatric disorders. Cognitive control and stimulus control, which is associated with operant and classical conditioning, represent
Executive_functions
Psychophysics of varying the intensity of a stimulus
more specifically the relation between the actual change in a physical stimulus and the perceived change. This includes stimuli to all senses: vision,
Weber–Fechner_law
Part of the brain responsible for personality, decision-making, and social behavior
high-level gating or filtering mechanism that enhances goal-directed activations and inhibits irrelevant activations. This filtering mechanism enables executive
Prefrontal_cortex
When perception of one sound is affected by another sound
in the same critical bandwidth. This effect is thought to occur due to filtering within the cochlea, the hearing organ in the inner ear. A complex sound
Auditory_masking
(and determining the common features) rather than filtering them. Consequently, the spatial filtering process is discouraged, and the N2pc therefore does
N2pc
Topics referred to by the same term
the ceramic ware made by potters Pots, a type of cookware Poverty of the stimulus, an argument in favor of innate grammar The Pots (Χύτροι, Khýtroi), the
POTS
Filter used in signal processing on continuous-time signals
same transfer function of the filters described in this article. Analogue filters are most often used in wave filtering applications, that is, where it
Analogue_filter
Psychology term
conditioning, where a familiar stimulus takes longer to acquire meaning (as a signal or conditioned stimulus) than a new stimulus. The term originated with
Latent_inhibition
Band of audio frequencies that produce the effect of auditory masking in the human ear
auditory filtering include the "gammachirp" filter, the "all-pole and one-zero" gammatone filters, the "two-sided" gammatone filter, filter cascade models
Critical_band
Perceptual phenomenon in hearing
Change blindness Cognitive inhibition Selective auditory attention Stimulus filtering Snyder JS, Gregg MK, Weintraub DM and Alain C (2012) Attention, awareness
Change_deafness
Method by which information is represented in the brain
coding (or neural representation) refers to the relationship between a stimulus and its respective neuronal responses, and the signalling relationships
Neural_coding
ventricular complex, a high-pass filtering is recommended. Good results can be obtained using Butterworth 15 Hz high-pass filtering. In position of maximal left
Filtered esophageal left heart electrogram
Filtered_esophageal_left_heart_electrogram
Fundamental principle of physics
stimuli is the sum of the responses that would have been caused by each stimulus individually. So that if input A produces response X, and input B produces
Superposition_principle
sometimes referred to as the Filtering Paradigm, was developed to assess how attention influences perception of stimuli. In the Filtering Paradigm, participants
Visual_N1
Perceiving the motion of a biological agent
first stage compares stimulus images to the assumed library of upright human walker templates in memory. Each dot in a given stimulus frame is compared to
Biological_motion_perception
MRI procedure that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow
rises to a peak at about 5 seconds after the stimulus. If the neurons keep firing, say from a continuous stimulus, the peak spreads to a flat plateau while
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional_magnetic_resonance_imaging
Psychological theory of attention
attended to will decay. In contrast, Deutsch and Deutsch argued that this filtering of irrelevant stimuli occurs in the late stages of processing: all of
Perceptual_load_theory
Subconscious accumulation of information from the environment
processed. Then, the brain filters and processes what is important. Information that has the highest salience (a stimulus that stands out the most) or
Pre-attentive_processing
Disorder resulting in compulsive behaviors
hyperactivity disorder. Stimulus-driven behavioral responses (i.e., stimulus control) that are associated with a particular rewarding stimulus tend to dominate
Addiction
Primary cell of the nervous system
receptors respond to a steady stimulus and produce a steady rate of firing. Tonic receptors most often respond to increased stimulus intensity by increasing
Neuron
Kind of cognitive bias
individual has already started noticing the specific stimulus. By focusing on this specific stimulus, the individual notices it more, therefore confirming
Frequency_illusion
Inferring the speed and direction of objects
detector suffers from the problem that there is no "pure motion" stimulus, i.e. a stimulus lacking perceived figure/ground properties). There is still considerable
Motion_perception
Fatigue and mood changes in response to prolonged periods of motion
environments experience decreased sensory gating, which involves the filtering of information in the brain. In the case of Space Motion Sickness, the
Sopite_syndrome
(the colorfulness of a stimulus relative to its own brightness), and lightness (the brightness of a stimulus relative to a stimulus that appears white in
TSL_color_space
Variety of plastic explosive
ingredients have been mixed, the solvent is extracted through drying and filtering. The final material is a solid with a dirty white to light brown color
C-4_(explosive)
Characteristic of any structure that is periodic across a position in space
response to a particular stimulus should not be interpreted as indicating that the neuron is somehow specialized for that stimulus, since there is an unlimited
Spatial_frequency
Fundamental color in color mixing
illuminated with a monochromatic test stimulus (ranging from 380 nm to 780 nm) and the other half is the matching stimulus illuminated with three coincident
Primary_color
Guillaume S. Masson, Laurent U. Perrinet. Motion Clouds: Model-based stimulus synthesis of natural-like random textures for the study of motion perception
Log_Gabor_filter
Perceived hue shift when white light is added to a monochromatic light source
while others depend on both channels. When a colored stimulus is summed with a white stimulus, both the chromatic and achromatic channels are activated
Abney_effect
Animal perception of low frequency sounds
playback or a playback in which most of the energy above 25 Hz was filtered out. This filtering shows that the behaviorally significant information of the call
Perception_of_infrasound
Study of the evolution of emotions
decreased stimulus sharpness. Hormonal shifts (e.g. noradrenaline). Improved (receptive) learning postures and modified perception filtering. Disgust Constriction
Evolution_of_emotion
Application designed to probe for open ports
is filtered or unfiltered. This is especially good when attempting to probe for the existence of a firewall and its rulesets. Simple packet filtering will
Port_scanner
Test and measurement instrument
combined, and worked by employing a steep notch filter to remove the fundamental frequency of the stimulus signal from the output of the DUT. The remaining
Audio_analyzer
Species of creeping annual plant
the capability to learn and filter out irrelevant stimuli (habituation) or increase the response due to a learned stimulus (sensitization). Research done
Mimosa_pudica
American psychologist and social philosopher (1904–1990)
classical (or pavlovian) conditioning, in which a neutral stimulus is paired with an eliciting stimulus. Such behaviors may be measured by their latency or
B._F._Skinner
Type of feedforward neural network
similar to the response of a neuron in the visual cortex to a specific stimulus. Each convolutional neuron processes data only for its receptive field
Convolutional_neural_network
Sensor that takes some predefined action when it senses the appropriate input
Amplification – increases the weak signal from the sensing element. Analogue filtering – removes unwanted noise and prevents aliasing before the signal is converted
Intelligent_sensor
Neurological phenomenon
inhibits the reaction of an organism to a subsequent strong reflex-eliciting stimulus (pulse), often using the startle reflex. The stimuli are usually acoustic
Prepulse_inhibition
System where only the inputs and outputs can be viewed, and not its implementation
open system with a typical "black box approach", only the behavior of the stimulus/response will be accounted for, to infer the (unknown) box. The usual representation
Black_box
recovered or restored behavioral response wherein the reaction towards a known stimulus is enhanced, as opposed to habituation. Initially, it was proposed as an
Dishabituation
State or quality by which an item stands out from its neighbors
response is produced by a more vivid perception of a stimulus than the mere knowledge of the stimulus. Salience bias assumes that more dynamic, conspicuous
Salience_(neuroscience)
Property of light based on human perception
radiator whose perceived color most closely resembles that of a given stimulus at the same brightness and under specified viewing conditions". The SI
Correlated_color_temperature
Condition of failing to see something in plain view
inattentive blindness) occurs when an individual fails to perceive an unexpected stimulus in plain sight, purely as a result of a lack of attention rather than any
Inattentional_blindness
Australian politician (born 1960)
After the 2008 financial crisis, the Rudd government passed an economic stimulus package with the help of Family First. As part of the deal Fielding secured
Steve_Fielding
field by each eye. In dichoptic presentation, stimulus A is presented to the left eye and a different stimulus B is presented to the right eye. Dichoptic
Dichoptic_presentation
Subclass of sessile marine crustaceans
photoreceptors (ocelli), one median and two lateral. These record the stimulus for the barnacle shadow reflex, where a sudden decrease in light causes
Barnacle
Method of determining when the economy has entered a recession
out stimulus checks automatically. The idea was to act fast to make the recession less severe and help families. The star was always the stimulus check
Sahm_rule
Frequency characteristics of hearing and perceived volume
listened to pure tones at various frequencies and over 10 dB increments in stimulus intensity. For each frequency and intensity, the listener also listened
Equal-loudness_contour
Brain responses phase-locked to periodic visual stimulation
response that is phase-locked to a periodic visual stimulus. When the retina is excited by a visual stimulus at a constant rate—typically in the range of ~3
Steady state visually evoked potential
Steady_state_visually_evoked_potential
and tegmentum —following electronic amplification of the spikes, noise filtering, acoustic monitoring via a loudspeaker, and visualization on the screen
Vision_in_toads
Analysis tool for characterizing a neuron's response properties
significantly larger or smaller than the eigenvalues of the raw stimulus covariance correspond to stimulus axes along which the neural response is enhanced or suppressed
Spike-triggered_covariance
Machine component that moves a mechanism
effect is usually produced in a controlled way. An actuator translates a stimulus such as an input signal into the required form of mechanical energy. It
Actuator
Converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal
often defined as a device that receives and responds to a signal or stimulus. The stimulus is the quantity, property, or condition that is sensed and converted
Sensor
Indian stock market index
Mahindra's Gurnani". Moneycontrol. Matkar, Sunil Shankar (25 March 2020). "Stimulus hope helps Sensex post 3rd biggest single-day gain, but experts are not
NIFTY_50
Optical illusion of apparent motion
objects as stationary and suppose unconsciously that the reappearance of the stimulus on one side means that the object previously displayed in that position
Phi_phenomenon
Hypothesis that humans are born with knowledge of linguistic structure
approaches in linguistics. Arguments in favour include the poverty of the stimulus, the universality of language acquisition, as well as experimental studies
Innateness_hypothesis
Geometric illusion with graphic implementations
to explain the illusion by interactions between different elements of stimulus in a two-dimensional perceptual field. According to a different (more physiological)
Oppel–Kundt_illusion
Mathematical modeling of psychological theories and phenomena
processes, and on the establishment of law-like rules that relate quantifiable stimulus characteristics with quantifiable behavior (in practice often constituted
Mathematical_psychology
Compulsive sexual behaviour
Martini, passingly mentioning NoFap, speak of pornography as a "supernormal stimulus" but use the model of compulsion rather than addiction. Addiction and compulsion
Pornography_addiction
Mental disorder
self monitoring — passive acceptance of inaccurate conclusions Faulty filtering — tendency to select salient associations rather than a relevant one Mnemonic
Fregoli_delusion
Conversion of mechanical stimulus of a cell into electrochemical activity
changes the membrane potential of the cell. Typically the mechanical stimulus gets filtered in the conveying medium before reaching the site of mechanotransduction
Mechanotransduction
Electrical potential evoked in the nervous system
especially the brain, of a human or other animal following presentation of a stimulus such as a light flash or a pure tone. Different types of potentials result
Evoked_potential
rate of a neuron may under certain conditions decrease when a particular stimulus is enlarged. It has been observed in electrophysiology studies of the brain
Surround_suppression
Excess of nitrogen-rich compounds in the blood
in the blood. It is largely related to insufficient or dysfunctional filtering of blood by the kidneys. It can lead to uremia and acute kidney injury
Azotemia
Species of tree
When the leaves receive an external stimulus (hands, herbivores) this will translate to an electrical stimulus which then leads to the flow of ions (specifically
Averrhoa_carambola
Property of light sources related to black-body radiation
radiator whose perceived color most closely resembles that of a given stimulus at the same brightness and under specified viewing conditions". The SI
Color_temperature
President of the United States from 2021 to 2025
home in Delaware. Biden oversaw infrastructure spending from the Obama stimulus package intended to help counteract the ongoing recession. Confronted with
Joe_Biden
Electrical recording of the ear's response to sound stimulation
frequency as the acoustic stimulus. This measurable AC voltage is called the cochlear microphonic (CM), which mimics the stimulus. The hair cells function
Electrocochleography
reactions, exhibiting avoidance learning and making trade-offs between noxious stimulus avoidance and other motivational requirements. Whether fish feel pain similar
Pain_in_fish
improved further by blurring, or subjecting the image to low-pass spatial filtering. This can be approximated in the visual system by squinting one's eyes
Stochastic resonance (sensory neurobiology)
Stochastic_resonance_(sensory_neurobiology)
Sound frequency changes responsible for perceptions of loudness, pitch and timbre
(ENVp) via bandpass filtering, half-wave rectification (which may be followed by fast-acting amplitude compression), and lowpass filtering with a cutoff frequency
Temporal envelope and fine structure
Temporal_envelope_and_fine_structure
Brainwaves, repetitive patterns of neural activity in the central nervous system
related to stimulus-related activity. Evoked potentials and event-related potentials are obtained from an electroencephalogram by stimulus-locked averaging
Neural_oscillation
Type of color vision with four types of cone cells
color vision is further improved by filtering by pigmented oil droplets in the photoreceptors. The oil droplets filter incident light before it reaches the
Tetrachromacy
Species of krill
This is accomplished through filter feeding, using the krill's highly developed front legs which form an efficient filtering apparatus: the six thoracopods
Antarctic_krill
Values which describe behavior of a linear electric circuit
(differential or common), "Y" is the stimulus mode (differential or common), "a" is the response (output) port and b is the stimulus (input) port. This is the typical
Scattering_parameters
Neuroscientific theory
PMC 2900254. PMID 10753798. Overview Archived 2017-05-02 at the Wayback Machine Hebbian Learning tutorial (Part 1: Novelty Filtering, Part 2: PCA)
Hebbian_theory
Sleeping disorder
brain in the sleep state. During normal REM sleep, the threshold for a stimulus to cause arousal is greatly elevated. Under normal conditions, medial and
Sleep_paralysis
Practice in statistical calculation
and in fact any stimulus that is spread over a spectrum of frequencies. In the measurement of loudness, for example, a weighting filter is commonly used
Frequency Weighting (spectral analysis)
Frequency_Weighting_(spectral_analysis)
Low-frequency noise not audible to all people
generated internally by the auditory and nervous systems, with no external stimulus. While the Hum is hypothesized by some to be a form of low frequency tinnitus
The_Hum
Nervous system stimuli filtration process
(IRM) and sign stimulus. IRMs are hard wired mechanisms that give an animal the innate ability to recognize complex stimuli. The sign stimulus is a simple
Feature detection (nervous system)
Feature_detection_(nervous_system)
American subsidiary of automaker Stellantis
miles". Autoblog. Retrieved July 11, 2010. "Chrysler LLC Delivers Economic Stimulus; Protects Consumers from Rising Gas Prices for Three Years". chrysler.com
Chrysler
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : topographic name for someone who lived near a tumulus, mound or hill, Middle English lowe, from Old English hlÄw (see Law 2).Scottish and English : nickname for a short man, from Middle English lah, lowe (Old Norse lágr; the word was adopted first into the northern dialects of Middle English, where Scandinavian influence was strong, and then spread south, with regular alteration of the vowel quality).English and Scottish (of Norman origin) : nickname for a violent or dangerous person, from Anglo-Norman French lou, leu ‘wolf’ (Latin lupus). Wolves were relatively common in Britain at the time when most surnames were formed, as there still existed large tracts of uncleared forest.Scottish : from a pet form of Lawrence. Compare Lowry 1.Americanized spelling of Jewish Lowe.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by a hill or tumulus, Old English beorg, a cognate of Old High German berg ‘hill’, ‘mountain’ (see Berg). This name has become confused with derivatives of Old English burh ‘fort’ (see Burke). Reaney suggests a further derivation from Old English būr ‘bower’ + hūs ‘house’.
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
Girl/Female
Italian Anglo Saxon
Light.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Creation
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Communion in Love
Boy/Male
Indian
Active, Quick
Boy/Male
Assamese, Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
Joy; Intelligent; Happiness; Delightful; Blissful; Happiness to Come
Biblical
pressed down; worn; fastened
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Telugu
Heaviest
Girl/Female
Hindu
Fragrance
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, English
White Wave; God has been Gracious; Variant of Jenny which is a Diminutive of Jane and Jennifer
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Tamil Light
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
STIMULUS FILTERING
n.
The only existing genus of Merostomata. It includes only a few species from the East Indies, and one (Limulus polyphemus) from the Atlantic coast of North America. Called also Molucca crab, king crab, horseshoe crab, and horsefoot.
a.
Furnished with stipules, or leafy appendages.
n.
The Limulus of horsehoe crab.
n.
The Limulus or horseshoe crab.
pl.
of Stipula
pl.
of Tumulus
n.
The practice of treating disease by alcoholic stimulants.
a.
Of or pertaining to stipules; resembling stipules; furnished with stipules; growing on stipules, or close to them; occupying the position of stipules; as, stipular glands and stipular tendrils.
a.
Having no stipules.
v. t.
That which excites or produces a temporary increase of vital action, either in the whole organism or in any of its parts; especially (Physiol.), any substance or agent capable of evoking the activity of a nerve or irritable muscle, or capable of producing an impression upon a sensory organ or more particularly upon its specific end organ.
a.
Of or pertaining to stipules; stipular.
v. t.
A goad; hence, something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope of gain is a powerful stimulus to labor and action.
n.
The theory of medical practice which regarded life as dependent upon stimulation, or excitation, and disease as caused by excess or deficiency in the amount of stimulation.
a.
Having two stipules.
n.
The limulus.
pl.
of Limulus
n.
A limulus.
n.
Incitement; stimulus; as, provocation to mirth.
pl.
of Stimulus
n.
The musk plant (Mimulus moschatus).