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RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

  • Reconstruction and Development Programme
  • South African socio-economic policy framework

    Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) was a South African socio-economic policy framework implemented by the African National Congress (ANC) government

    Reconstruction and Development Programme

    Reconstruction_and_Development_Programme

  • African National Congress
  • Political party in South Africa

    framework was set out in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) document of 1994, which became its electoral manifesto and also, under the same name

    African National Congress

    African National Congress

    African_National_Congress

  • Operation Dudula
  • Anti-immigrants vigilante organisation in South Africa

    organisation and the group is widely recognised as being xenophobic, and has been linked with violently threatening and targeting both documented and undocumented

    Operation Dudula

    Operation_Dudula

  • Social welfare programmes in South Africa
  • Social welfare system in South Africa

    whites. The post-apartheid government launched the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) in 1994 and published the White Paper for Social Welfare in

    Social welfare programmes in South Africa

    Social_welfare_programmes_in_South_Africa

  • 2020 Phala Phala Robbery
  • Alleged South African crime

    and MPs have slammed investigations into the source of the cash, and have accused the South African Reserve Bank of providing a claptrap report and systemic

    2020 Phala Phala Robbery

    2020_Phala_Phala_Robbery

  • Negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa
  • 1990–93 summits to end formal segregation and racial discrimination policies

    Africa Presidency of Nelson Mandela Reconstruction and Development Programme Olmstead, Larry (5 July 1993). "Mandela and de Klerk Receive Liberty Medal in

    Negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa

    Negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa

    Negotiations_to_end_apartheid_in_South_Africa

  • Nelson Mandela
  • President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999

    campaigned on a Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) to build a million houses in five years, introduce universal free education and extend access

    Nelson Mandela

    Nelson Mandela

    Nelson_Mandela

  • History of the African National Congress
  • South African political history

    and it reaffirmed several central policies, including the 1992 Ready to Govern policy, the 1994 Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP), and the

    History of the African National Congress

    History of the African National Congress

    History_of_the_African_National_Congress

  • European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
  • Financial institution which supports more than 30 countries

    The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, shortened to EBRD (French: Banque européenne pour la reconstruction et le développement or BERD)

    European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

    European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

    European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development

  • Soweto uprising
  • 1976 student-led anti-apartheid protests in South Africa

    revolutionary heritage and programme and helped to establish its leading role.[citation needed] The Hector Pieterson Memorial and Museum opened in Soweto

    Soweto uprising

    Soweto uprising

    Soweto_uprising

  • Public Finance Management Act, 1999
  • Law in South Africa

    of the Reconstruction and Development Programme, given that previous legislation focused on expenditure control to the detriment of reporting and accounting

    Public Finance Management Act, 1999

    Public Finance Management Act, 1999

    Public_Finance_Management_Act,_1999

  • Orange Free State
  • 1854–1902 Boer republic in Southern Africa

    by economic changes of great significance. The development of the diamond mines and of the gold and coal industries – of which Brand saw the beginning

    Orange Free State

    Orange Free State

    Orange_Free_State

  • Pencil test (South Africa)
  • Method of assessing whether a person has Afro-textured hair

    distinguishing whites from coloureds and blacks. The test was partially responsible for splitting existing communities and families along perceived racial

    Pencil test (South Africa)

    Pencil_test_(South_Africa)

  • Great Trek
  • 1836–1852 Boer migrations away from the British Cape Colony

    Boers, and the British. It was also reflective of an increasingly common trend among individual Boer communities to pursue an isolationist and semi-nomadic

    Great Trek

    Great Trek

    Great_Trek

  • HIV/AIDS in South Africa
  • Health concern in South Africa

    the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). Changes in procedures and assumptions for estimating the data and better coordination with countries

    HIV/AIDS in South Africa

    HIV/AIDS in South Africa

    HIV/AIDS_in_South_Africa

  • Battle of Blood River
  • Zulu-Boer War in 1838, the battle of the Great Trek

    Africa between 464 Voortrekkers ("Pioneers"), led by Andries Pretorius, and an estimated 25,000 to 30,000 Zulu. Estimations of casualties amounted to

    Battle of Blood River

    Battle of Blood River

    Battle_of_Blood_River

  • Union of South Africa
  • British dominion in southern Africa from 1910 to 1961

    Zuid-Afrika; Afrikaans: Unie van Suid-Afrika, pronunciation) was a British Dominion and, later, a Commonwealth realm in southern Africa from 1910 to 1961. It was

    Union of South Africa

    Union of South Africa

    Union_of_South_Africa

  • Second Boer War
  • 1899–1902 war in South Africa

    reconstruction and promised eventual limited self-government, which was granted in 1906 and 1907. The treaty ended the existence of the Transvaal and

    Second Boer War

    Second Boer War

    Second_Boer_War

  • Zulu Kingdom
  • 1816–1897 native state in southern Africa

    the 1810s, Shaka established a standing army that consolidated rival clans and built a large following which ruled a wide expanse of Southern Africa that

    Zulu Kingdom

    Zulu Kingdom

    Zulu_Kingdom

  • Weenen massacre
  • 1838 massacre in present-day Weenen, South Africa

    Khoikhoi and Basuto by the Zulu Kingdom on 17 February 1838. The massacres occurred at Doringkop, Bloukrans River, Moordspruit, Rensburgspruit and other

    Weenen massacre

    Weenen massacre

    Weenen_massacre

  • Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)
  • Restorative justice tribunal in post-apartheid South Africa

    The programme was presented by progressive Afrikaner journalist Max du Preez, former editor of the Vrye Weekblad. The producers of the programme included

    Truth and Reconciliation Commission (South Africa)

    Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commission_(South_Africa)

  • Long Walk to Freedom
  • Autobiography of Nelson Mandela

    elected President, and it was first published in 1994 by Little Brown & Co. The book profiles his early life, coming of age, education and 27 years spent

    Long Walk to Freedom

    Long_Walk_to_Freedom

  • Boer republics
  • Former countries in southern Africa

    States, and Britain. These two countries continued to exist for several decades, despite the First Boer War with Britain. However, later developments, including

    Boer republics

    Boer republics

    Boer_republics

  • Sharpeville massacre
  • 1960 South African Police killing of protestors

    killed and injured has been based on the police record, which included 249 victims in total, including 29 children, with 69 people killed and 180 injured

    Sharpeville massacre

    Sharpeville massacre

    Sharpeville_massacre

  • Boipatong massacre
  • 1992 massacre in South Africa

    Hostel, which is located about 1 km from the township. Forty-five people died and several were maimed. The attackers were supporters of the Inkatha Freedom

    Boipatong massacre

    Boipatong_massacre

  • Inequality in post-apartheid South Africa
  • The Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) was a socio-economic programme aimed at addressing racial inequalities by creating business and education

    Inequality in post-apartheid South Africa

    Inequality_in_post-apartheid_South_Africa

  • New National Party (South Africa)
  • 1997–2005 political party in South Africa

    apartheid past, and reinvent itself as a moderate, mainstream conservative and non-racist federal party. The attempt was largely unsuccessful, and in 2005 the

    New National Party (South Africa)

    New National Party (South Africa)

    New_National_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Ubuntu philosophy
  • Southern African philosophy

    society, environment and spirituality. Ubuntu is the current theme for the Global Agenda for Social Work and Social Development and represents the highest

    Ubuntu philosophy

    Ubuntu_philosophy

  • Anglo-Zulu War
  • British colonial war in 1879

    forces of the British Empire and the Zulu Kingdom. Two famous battles of the war were the Zulu victory at Isandlwana and the British defence at Rorke's

    Anglo-Zulu War

    Anglo-Zulu War

    Anglo-Zulu_War

  • History of South Africa (1994–present)
  • on the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) to address the socio-economic consequences of apartheid, including alleviating poverty and addressing

    History of South Africa (1994–present)

    History of South Africa (1994–present)

    History_of_South_Africa_(1994–present)

  • Colony of Natal
  • British colony from 1843 to 1910

    constructions and the development of the natural resources of the country. A railway to the Zululand coalfields was completed in 1903, and in the same year

    Colony of Natal

    Colony of Natal

    Colony_of_Natal

  • Progressive Federal Party
  • 1977–1989 anti-apartheid party in South Africa

    African political party formed in 1977 through merger of the Progressive and Reform parties, eventually changing its name to the Progressive Federal Party

    Progressive Federal Party

    Progressive Federal Party

    Progressive_Federal_Party

  • Jameson Raid
  • Raid on the South African Republic

    They were expected to recruit an army and prepare for an insurrection; however, the raid was ineffective, and no uprising took place. The results included

    Jameson Raid

    Jameson Raid

    Jameson_Raid

  • Project Coast
  • South African chemical weapons program

    Project Coast was a top-secret chemical and biological weapons (CBW) programme instituted by the apartheid-era government of South Africa in the 1980s

    Project Coast

    Project_Coast

  • Rainbow nation
  • Term used to describe post-apartheid South Africa

    famous jacaranda trees of Pretoria and the mimosa trees of the bushveld – a rainbow nation at peace with itself and the world." The term was intended to

    Rainbow nation

    Rainbow nation

    Rainbow_nation

  • Democratic Party (South Africa)
  • Political party in South Africa

    liberal community, and some questioned the merit of continuing to serve in the apartheid parliament. By 1989, they had regrouped, however, and aimed to strengthen

    Democratic Party (South Africa)

    Democratic Party (South Africa)

    Democratic_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Tricameral Parliament
  • 1984–1994 legislature of South Africa

    between 1984 and 1994, established by the South African Constitution of 1983, which gave a limited political voice to the country's Coloured and Indian population

    Tricameral Parliament

    Tricameral Parliament

    Tricameral_Parliament

  • 1994 South African general election
  • First South African election held under nonracial, universal suffrage

    General elections were held in South Africa between 26 and 29 April 1994. The elections were the first in South Africa in which citizens of all races

    1994 South African general election

    1994 South African general election

    1994_South_African_general_election

  • Volkstaat
  • Proposed state for Afrikaners of South Africa

    - Self Determination and the Working Draft of the New Constitution" (PDF). Department of Justice and Constitutional Development - Republic of South Africa

    Volkstaat

    Volkstaat

    Volkstaat

  • Treaty of Vereeniging
  • 1902 peace treaty which ended the Second Boer War

    until self-government had been given To pay the Boers £3,000,000 in reconstruction aid Property rights of Boers would be respected No land taxes would

    Treaty of Vereeniging

    Treaty of Vereeniging

    Treaty_of_Vereeniging

  • Inkatha Freedom Party
  • Right-wing political party in South Africa

    His tribal loyalties and focus on ethnic interests over national unity were also criticised as contributing to the divisive programme of Inkatha. This led

    Inkatha Freedom Party

    Inkatha Freedom Party

    Inkatha_Freedom_Party

  • Vlakplaas
  • Farm used by apartheid South African Police

    Established in 1979, by 1990 it had grown from a small unit of five policemen and about fifteen askaris to a unit of nine squads. The unit functioned as a

    Vlakplaas

    Vlakplaas

    Vlakplaas

  • Bang-Bang Club
  • Early 1990s South African photojournalistic group

    Carter, Greg Marinovich, Ken Oosterbroek, and João Silva, active within the townships of South Africa between 1990 and 1994 during the transition from a herrenvolk

    Bang-Bang Club

    Bang-Bang_Club

  • Bittereinder
  • Boer guerilla faction (1900–1902)

    By September 1900, the conventional forces of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State had been largely defeated by the British army. The

    Bittereinder

    Bittereinder

    Bittereinder

  • Mfecane
  • 1815–1840 period of civil conflict in southern Africa

    environmental developments. The Mfecanecode: zul promoted to code: zu is significant in that it saw the formation of new states, institutions, and ethnic identities

    Mfecane

    Mfecane

    Mfecane

  • United Party (South Africa)
  • 1934–1977 political party

    however, and Hertzog resigned. Smuts succeeded him and led the party and the country throughout World War II and the immediate post-war years. Smuts and the

    United Party (South Africa)

    United Party (South Africa)

    United_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Murder of Anene Booysen
  • Rape and murder of teenage girl in South Africa

    was found by a security guard the morning after she had been gang-raped and disemboweled at a construction site in Bredasdorp, in the Western Cape, South

    Murder of Anene Booysen

    Murder_of_Anene_Booysen

  • Afrikaner nationalism
  • Political ideology in South Africa

    system and adapt it to our national character". This boiled down to a concerted programme to mobilise the savings of the volk to finance existing and new

    Afrikaner nationalism

    Afrikaner_nationalism

  • Unionist Party (South Africa)
  • Political party in South Africa

    tied to those of the Anglo-South African middle class and the mining corporations in the diamond and gold mines of South Africa. It also enthusiastically

    Unionist Party (South Africa)

    Unionist_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Venda (Bantustan)
  • Bantustan in South Africa (1979–1994)

    the South African border with Zimbabwe to the north, while, to the south and east, it shared a long border with another black homeland, Gazankulu. It

    Venda (Bantustan)

    Venda (Bantustan)

    Venda_(Bantustan)

  • 1820 Settlers
  • British colonists in the Cape Colony

    parties between April and June 1820. They were granted farms near the village of Bathurst, Eastern Cape, and supplied equipment and food against their deposits

    1820 Settlers

    1820 Settlers

    1820_Settlers

  • South Africa and weapons of mass destruction
  • weapons-grade uranium for a device. As has happened in programmes in other nations, the development of the devices had outpaced the production of the fissile

    South Africa and weapons of mass destruction

    South Africa and weapons of mass destruction

    South_Africa_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction

  • Piet Retief Delegation massacre
  • 1838 Zulu killing of Boers in present-day South Africa

    Africa. The Voortrekkers, led by Piet Retief, migrated into Natal in 1837 and negotiated a land treaty in February 1838 with Dingane. Upon realizing the

    Piet Retief Delegation massacre

    Piet Retief Delegation massacre

    Piet_Retief_Delegation_massacre

  • South African Party
  • 1911–1934 political party in South Africa

    that existed in the Union of South Africa from 1911 to 1934. The outline and foundation for the party was realized after the election of a 'South African

    South African Party

    South_African_Party

  • First Boer War
  • 1880–1881 war in South Africa

    Kingdom and Boers of the Transvaal (as the South African Republic was known while under British administration). The war resulted in a Boer victory and eventual

    First Boer War

    First Boer War

    First_Boer_War

  • Rivonia Trial
  • 1963–64 arrest and trial of activist leaders in Pretoria, South Africa

    "Criminal Court Case No. 253/1963 (State Versus N Mandela and Others)". UNESCO Memory of the World Programme. Retrieved 4 April 2025. "Rivonia Trial audio archive

    Rivonia Trial

    Rivonia_Trial

  • United Democratic Front (South Africa)
  • 1983–1991 anti-apartheid organisation

    women's and parachurch organizations. The UDF's goal was to establish a "non-racial, united South Africa in which segregation is abolished and in which

    United Democratic Front (South Africa)

    United_Democratic_Front_(South_Africa)

  • Freedom Front Plus
  • Political party in South Africa

    together with the African National Congress (ANC), the Democratic Alliance and other parties. The Freedom Front was founded on 1 March 1994 by members of

    Freedom Front Plus

    Freedom_Front_Plus

  • Black Consciousness Movement
  • South African anti-apartheid movement, 1960s

    Ndebele and was published in 1972 by the Spros-Cas Black Community Programmes. Steve Biko wrote the introduction. It includes "Black Development Day" written

    Black Consciousness Movement

    Black_Consciousness_Movement

  • Xenophobia in South Africa
  • Attacks against foreigners in South Africa

    Migration Studies Programme at Wits University in Johannesburg Archived 17 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine A collection of articles and essays by civil

    Xenophobia in South Africa

    Xenophobia_in_South_Africa

  • Jere Ngoni Kingdom
  • 1815–1848 state in southern Africa

    Kingdom was precipitated by the Mfecane, a period of widespread instability and state formation in Southern Africa, caused by pre-existing trends of political

    Jere Ngoni Kingdom

    Jere_Ngoni_Kingdom

  • African Renaissance
  • African concept

    were on the development of African human resources, science and technology, agriculture, nutrition and health, culture, business, peace, and good governance

    African Renaissance

    African_Renaissance

  • National Party (South Africa)
  • 1914–1997 South African political party

    O'Meara, Dan (19 March 2009). Volkskapitalisme: Class, Capital and Ideology in the Development of Afrikaner Nationalism, 1934-1948. Cambridge University Press

    National Party (South Africa)

    National Party (South Africa)

    National_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Dutch Cape Colony
  • Former Dutch supply station in Southern Africa (1652–1806)

    Kaap de Goede Hoop), was a colony of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and Batavian Republic in Southern Africa. Centered on the Cape of Good Hope,

    Dutch Cape Colony

    Dutch Cape Colony

    Dutch_Cape_Colony

  • Black Economic Empowerment
  • South-African government policy

    policy framework of Nelson Mandela's government was the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP), which did not specifically refer to "black economic

    Black Economic Empowerment

    Black Economic Empowerment

    Black_Economic_Empowerment

  • Apartheid legislation
  • South African legislations which were used to enforce apartheid

    by chiefs and appointed councillors, to govern the reserves. The Promotion of Bantu Self-government Act, 1959 provided for the development of the territorial

    Apartheid legislation

    Apartheid_legislation

  • History of South Africa
  • Accessed 12 November 2015. Inge Tvedten, Angola: Struggle for Peace and Reconstruction SIPRI Yearbook: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Victoria

    History of South Africa

    History of South Africa

    History_of_South_Africa

  • Jonas Sibanyoni
  • South African politician and lawyer

    resources manager at the Reconstruction and Development Programme Project, located in the Presidency under President Nelson Mandela and Minister Jay Naidoo

    Jonas Sibanyoni

    Jonas_Sibanyoni

  • Huguenots in South Africa
  • influx of French refugees, and the VOC sought to increase the number of colonists at the Cape to manage agricultural affairs and cattle-dealing. The Huguenots

    Huguenots in South Africa

    Huguenots in South Africa

    Huguenots_in_South_Africa

  • Natalia Republic
  • 1839 - 1843 country in Southern Africa

    Orange Free State, and the South African Republic. On Christmas Day 1497, Vasco da Gama sailed past the region now known as Transkei and named the country

    Natalia Republic

    Natalia Republic

    Natalia_Republic

  • Presidency of Nelson Mandela
  • South African presidential administration from 1994 to 1999

    leader of uMkhonto we Sizwe, lawyer, and former political prisoner, was inaugurated as President of South Africa, and ended on 14 June 1999. He was the first

    Presidency of Nelson Mandela

    Presidency of Nelson Mandela

    Presidency_of_Nelson_Mandela

  • Max Sisulu
  • South African politician (born 1945)

    was the chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP). Then, from February 1997 to November 1998, he served

    Max Sisulu

    Max Sisulu

    Max_Sisulu

  • Honorary whites
  • Term used in apartheid era South Africa

    used by the apartheid regime of South Africa to grant some of the rights and privileges of whites to those who would otherwise have been treated as non-whites

    Honorary whites

    Honorary_whites

  • Tot System
  • Notorious truck system used at South African wine farms

    daily measure of cheap wine as a fringe benefit. This practice increased and exacerbated alcoholism among farm workers, which resulted in widespread social

    Tot System

    Tot_System

  • Baasskap
  • Afrikaans term for white minority rule in South Africa

    concept of white domination by reframing it as a policy of 'separate development' - presenting racial segregation not as oppression, but as allowing each

    Baasskap

    Baasskap

    Baasskap

  • 1948 South African general election
  • Election of the Herenigde Nasionale Party to government

    introduction of apartheid and the gradual development of a herrenvolk democracy that persisted until the 1994 election. Together, the HNP and the Afrikaner Party

    1948 South African general election

    1948 South African general election

    1948_South_African_general_election

  • Transvaal Colony
  • British colony from 1877 to 1881 and 1902 to 1910

    period of the war. The commission would also feed the homeless and assist with the reconstruction of homes affected by the war. To that end, the crown agrees

    Transvaal Colony

    Transvaal Colony

    Transvaal_Colony

  • South African Democratic Teachers Union
  • Trade union in South Africa

    teachers in South Africa. It is allied to the African National Congress and is an affiliate of the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU). The

    South African Democratic Teachers Union

    South_African_Democratic_Teachers_Union

  • Women's March (South Africa)
  • 1956 anti-apartheid march in Pretoria

    protest the introduction of the Apartheid pass laws for black women in 1952 and the presentation of a petition to the then Prime Minister J.G. Strijdom.

    Women's March (South Africa)

    Women's_March_(South_Africa)

  • Conservative Party (South Africa)
  • 1982–2004 political party in South Africa

    Programme of Principles and Policy, English language booklet, 1988 The Star, 24 May 1987 Who hosted at least two visits to London by Treurnicht and other

    Conservative Party (South Africa)

    Conservative_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Bantustan
  • Territory under apartheid in South Africa

    laid down in the Development of Self-Government for Native Nations in South-West Africa Act, 1968 (Act No. 54 of 1968) and the Development of Self-Government

    Bantustan

    Bantustan

    Bantustan

  • Nkomati Accord
  • 1984 treaty between South Africa and Mozambique

    (officially known as the Agreement on Non-Aggression and Good Neighbourliness between Mozambique and South Africa ) was a non-aggression pact signed on

    Nkomati Accord

    Nkomati_Accord

  • I Am an African
  • 1996 speech by Thabo Mbeki

    political mood of the moment in post-Apartheid South Africa[citation needed] and enhanced Mbeki's reputation as a political orator, in which respect he has

    I Am an African

    I_Am_an_African

  • Sand River Convention
  • 1852 treaty between the United Kingdom and Boers

    Commandant-General Andries Pretorius and others, on behalf of the new country, and Major William Samuel Hogge and Charles Mostyn Owen, clerk to the Civil

    Sand River Convention

    Sand River Convention

    Sand_River_Convention

  • District Six
  • Former area of Cape Town, South Africa

    met to investigate the possible replanning and development of District Six and adjoining parts of Woodstock and Salt River. In June 1965, the Minister announced

    District Six

    District Six

    District_Six

  • South African Republic
  • 1852–1902 Boer republic in Southern Africa

    scorched-earth policies and concentration camps. In the treaty which ended the war, the ZAR was transformed into the Transvaal Colony, and eventually the Union

    South African Republic

    South African Republic

    South_African_Republic

  • Jay Naidoo
  • South African politician and businessman (born 1954)

    responsible for the Reconstruction and Development Programme in the first post-apartheid cabinet of President Nelson Mandela (1994–1996) and as Minister of

    Jay Naidoo

    Jay_Naidoo

  • Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging
  • Small South African political party founded in Pretoria in 1998

    political party founded in Pretoria in 1998. It was led by Cassie Aucamp, and based on Afrikaner nationalism. The party participated in the South African

    Afrikaner Eenheidsbeweging

    Afrikaner_Eenheidsbeweging

  • Cape Colony
  • British colony from 1806 to 1910

    Minister and his cabinet had total responsibility for the affairs of the country. A period of strong economic growth and social development ensued, and the

    Cape Colony

    Cape Colony

    Cape_Colony

  • 1992 South African apartheid referendum
  • "Yes" vote by white South Africans to abolish apartheid

    parties such as the African National Congress and the South African Communist Party would be lifted and that Nelson Mandela would be released after 27

    1992 South African apartheid referendum

    1992 South African apartheid referendum

    1992_South_African_apartheid_referendum

  • Bophuthatswana
  • Bantustan in South Africa (1977–1994)

    government's drive for infrastructure development, foreign direct investments and virtually no regulatory barriers to starting and running a business. Initially

    Bophuthatswana

    Bophuthatswana

    Bophuthatswana

  • Pass law
  • Apartheid legislation

    In South Africa under apartheid, and South West Africa (now Namibia), pass laws served as an internal passport system designed to racially segregate the

    Pass law

    Pass_law

  • Corrective rape
  • Homophobic hate crime

    September 2017. Retrieved 20 July 2014. "Radebe launches LGBTI violence programme". IOL. SAPA. 29 April 2014. Archived from the original on 26 June 2014

    Corrective rape

    Corrective_rape

  • Stellaland
  • 1880s republic in Southern Africa

    Mankoroane and Montšioa, whom the British regarded as "friendly," and two others under the leadership of chiefs Moshette (a Motswana) and Massouw (a Korana)

    Stellaland

    Stellaland

    Stellaland

  • Apartheid
  • South African system of racial segregation

    the National Party implemented a programme of social conservatism. Pornography, gambling and works from Marx, Lenin and other socialist thinkers were banned

    Apartheid

    Apartheid

    Apartheid

  • Jacob Zuma rape trial
  • 2006 South African criminal trial

    December 2005. He was prosecuted in the Johannesburg High Court between March and May 2006. On 8 May, the Court dismissed the charges, agreeing with Zuma that

    Jacob Zuma rape trial

    Jacob_Zuma_rape_trial

  • Third Force (South Africa)
  • Term used by leaders of the ANC

    1980s and early 1990s to refer to a clandestine force believed to be responsible for a surge in violence in KwaZulu-Natal, and townships around and south

    Third Force (South Africa)

    Third_Force_(South_Africa)

  • Labour Party (South Africa)
  • 1910–1958 political party in South Africa

    refused to agree, the Minister could only be deposed by the resignation and reconstruction of the whole Pact government. The "Creswell Labour" group, supporting

    Labour Party (South Africa)

    Labour Party (South Africa)

    Labour_Party_(South_Africa)

  • Afrikaner Broederbond
  • 1918–1994 Afrikaner Calvinist male organisation in South Africa

    Afrikaners. These developments led to an increase in nationalistic sentiments amongst Afrikaners, leading to the formation of the Broederbond and the National

    Afrikaner Broederbond

    Afrikaner_Broederbond

  • Day of the Vow
  • Public Christian holiday in South Africa

    G. Louw's ca. 1962 translation into Afrikaans of G.B.A. Gerdener's reconstruction of the vow in his 1919 biography of Sarel Cilliers (Bailey 2003:25)

    Day of the Vow

    Day of the Vow

    Day_of_the_Vow

AI & ChatGPT searchs for online references containing RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

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RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

  • ANE
  • Female

    Norwegian

    ANE

    Danish and Norwegian form of Greek Hanna, ANE means "favor; grace."

    ANE

  • Bikash | பீகாஷ 
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Bikash | பீகாஷ 

    Development, Prosper

    Bikash | பீகாஷ 

  • Bikash
  • Boy/Male

    Bengali, Indian

    Bikash

    Development; Brightness

    Bikash

  • Hand
  • Surname or Lastname

    English and German

    Hand

    English and German : nickname for someone with a deformed hand or who had lost one hand, from Middle English hand, Middle High German hant, found in such appellations as Liebhard mit der Hand (Augsburg 1383).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : nickname from German Hand ‘hand’ (see 1).Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Flaithimh (see Guthrie), resulting from an erroneous association of the Gaelic name with the Gaelic word lámh ‘hand’. It is used as an English equivalent for several other names of Gaelic origin too, e.g. Claffey, Glavin, and McClave.Dutch : from a variant of hont ‘dog’, ‘hound’, either a derogatory nickname, or a habitational name for someone living at a house distinguished by the sign of a dog.

    Hand

  • ANU
  • Female

    Finnish

    ANU

    Estonian and Finnish pet form of Greek Hanna, ANU means "favor; grace."

    ANU

  • ANA
  • Female

    Serbian

    ANA

    (Bulgarian and Serbian Ана): Bulgarian and Serbian form of Greek Hanna, ANA means "favor; grace."

    ANA

  • Rifaah
  • Boy/Male

    Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi

    Rifaah

    Dignity; Development

    Rifaah

  • Sand
  • Surname or Lastname

    English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)

    Sand

    English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : topographic name for someone who lived on patch of sandy soil, from the vocabulary word sand. As a Swedish or Jewish name it was often purely ornamental.Dutch and Belgian : reduced form of Van den Sand(e), Van den Zande, a habitational name from places such as Zande in West Flanders or various minor places named with zand ‘sand’.English and Scottish : from a short form of Alexander.French : from a Germanic personal name, Sando.

    Sand

  • ANDY
  • Male

    English

    ANDY

    Unisex pet form of English Andrew and Andrea, ANDY means "man; warrior."

    ANDY

  • Band
  • Surname or Lastname

    English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)

    Band

    English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoops and bands, etc., from Middle English band, bond, Middle High German, Middle Low German bant, German Band denoting something used for tying or binding: ‘hoop’, ‘metal band’, ‘fetter’, ‘shackle’.Old spelling of the Dutch cognates Bant, Bande, from Middle Dutch bant ‘band’.

    Band

  • Bikas | பீகாஸ 
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Bikas | பீகாஸ 

    Development, Prosper

    Bikas | பீகாஸ 

  • Bikasa
  • Boy/Male

    Indian, Sanskrit

    Bikasa

    Development; Expansion

    Bikasa

  • Vikas
  • Boy/Male

    Hindu

    Vikas

    Development, Expanding

    Vikas

  • Pravasree
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu, Indian

    Pravasree

    Development

    Pravasree

  • Bikas
  • Boy/Male

    Hindu, Indian

    Bikas

    Development

    Bikas

  • Land
  • Surname or Lastname

    English and German

    Land

    English and German : topographic name from Old English land, Middle High German lant, ‘land’, ‘territory’. This had more specialized senses in the Middle Ages, being used to denote the countryside as opposed to a town or an estate.English : topographic name for someone who lived in a forest glade, Middle English, Old French la(u)nde, or a habitational name from Launde in Leicestershire or Laund in West Yorkshire, which are named with this word.Norwegian : habitational name from any of three farmsteads so named, from Old Norse land ‘land’, ‘territory’ (see 1 above).

    Land

  • Bikas
  • Boy/Male

    Hindu

    Bikas

    Development, Prosper

    Bikas

  • Bikash
  • Boy/Male

    Hindu

    Bikash

    Development, Prosper

    Bikash

  • Ank
  • Girl/Female

    Australian, Dutch

    Ank

    Loving and Musical

    Ank

  • Vikas | விகாஸ
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Vikas | விகாஸ

    Development, Expanding

    Vikas | விகாஸ

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Online names & meanings

  • Xagar
  • Girl/Female

    Indian, Punjabi, Sikh

    Xagar

    Pass through

  • Ain |
  • Girl/Female

    Muslim

    Ain |

    Eye, Thus precious

  • Springle
  • Surname or Lastname

    English

    Springle

    English : in part probably a metonymic occupational name for a soldier in charge of a catapult- or bow-like machine used for throwing heavy missiles, Old French espringalle, Anglo-French springalde. However, Reaney and Wilson, believe the Middle English word springal(d) (which appears to have contributed to the surname), to have a different derivation, perhaps a nickname for a young man, a stripling, from spring (see Spring).

  • Samarth | ஸமர்த 
  • Boy/Male

    Tamil

    Samarth | ஸமர்த 

    Powerful

  • Lena
  • Boy/Male

    Shakespearean

    Lena

    The Tragedy of Julius Caesar' A senator.

  • Quibilah
  • Girl/Female

    Egyptian

    Quibilah

    Peaceful.

  • Shyamayan
  • Boy/Male

    Hindu, Indian, Marathi

    Shyamayan

    Dark Colored

  • Sumantrina
  • Girl/Female

    Hindu

    Sumantrina

    Chant

  • Nympha
  • Girl/Female

    Australian, Greek, Netherlands

    Nympha

    Bride

  • Tarin | ترین
  • Girl/Female

    Muslim

    Tarin | ترین

    Hill

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Other words and meanings similar to

RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

AI search in online dictionary sources & meanings containing RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

RECONSTRUCTION AND-DEVELOPMENT-PROGRAMME

  • Dentition
  • n.

    The development and cutting of teeth; teething.

  • Hatch
  • n.

    Development; disclosure; discovery.

  • Reconstruction
  • n.

    The act of constructing again; the state of being reconstructed.

  • And
  • conj.

    If; though. See An, conj.

  • Envelopment
  • n.

    That which envelops or surrounds; an envelop.

  • Developmental
  • a.

    Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process of development; as, the developmental power of a germ.

  • Development
  • n.

    The act of developing or disclosing that which is unknown; a gradual unfolding process by which anything is developed, as a plan or method, or an image upon a photographic plate; gradual advancement or growth through a series of progressive changes; also, the result of developing, or a developed state.

  • Development
  • n.

    The elaboration of a theme or subject; the unfolding of a musical idea; the evolution of a whole piece or movement from a leading theme or motive.

  • Haematogenesis
  • n.

    The origin and development of blood.

  • Cytogenesis
  • n.

    Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. See Gemmation, Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell.

  • Development
  • n.

    The equivalent expression into which another has been developed.

  • Development
  • n.

    The series of changes which animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of organization.

  • Construction
  • n.

    The arrangement and connection of words in a sentence; syntactical arrangement.

  • Conduct
  • n.

    Plot; action; construction; manner of development.

  • Reconstruction
  • n.

    The act or process of reorganizing the governments of the States which had passed ordinances of secession, and of reestablishing their constitutional relations to the national government, after the close of the Civil War.

  • Organogenesis
  • n.

    The origin and development of organs in animals and plants.

  • Development
  • n.

    The act or process of changing or expanding an expression into another of equivalent value or meaning.

  • Embryogeny
  • n.

    The production and development of an embryo.

  • Reconstructive
  • a.

    Reconstructing; tending to reconstruct; as, a reconstructive policy.

  • Construction
  • n.

    The process or art of constructing; the act of building; erection; the act of devising and forming; fabrication; composition.