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Theory of human action
In philosophy, praxeology (/ˌpræksiˈɒlədʒi/; from Ancient Greek πρᾶξις (praxis) 'deed, action' and -λογία (-logia) 'study of') is the theory of human action
Praxeology
Austrian–American political economist (1881–1973)
role of consumers in a market economy. He is best known for his work in praxeology, particularly for studies comparing communism and capitalism, as well
Ludwig_von_Mises
School of economic thought
should be exclusively derived from basic axioms of human action, known as praxeology, rather than primarily from statistical analysis. The Austrian school
Austrian_school_of_economics
Book by Ludwig von Mises (1949)
magnum opus, it presents the case for laissez-faire capitalism based on praxeology, his method to understand the structure of human decision-making. Mises
Human_Action
Polish philosopher (1886–1981)
called "independent ethics". He also contributed to the development of praxeology. Tadeusz Kotarbiński was born on 31 March 1886 in Warsaw, then Congress
Tadeusz_Kotarbiński
axiom (topology) Wightman axioms (quantum field theory) Action axiom (praxeology) Mathematics portal Axiomatic quantum field theory Minimal axioms for
List_of_axioms
Approach to economics
of mathematics in economics, noted above, was developed by Mises into praxeology: the position that economics is a deductive science or purposeful human
Neoclassical_economics
American economist (1926–1995)
Rothbard rejected mainstream economic methodologies and instead embraced the praxeology of Ludwig von Mises. Along with his writing and libertarian activism,
Murray_Rothbard
President of Argentina since 2023
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Javier_Milei
Study of human aspects
In praxeology, thymology is the study of those human aspects that precede or cause purposeful human behavior. In his Theory and History, Ludwig von Mises
Thymology
Process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, embodied, or realized
artis Mass line New class On Practice Orthopraxy Practical philosophy Praxeology Praxis Discussion Series Praxis (disambiguation) Praxis intervention Praxis
Praxis_(process)
Branch of anarchism
Retrieved 2025-06-11. "Molinari Institute". praxeology.net. Retrieved 2026-07-09. "Molinari Institute". praxeology.net. Retrieved 2026-07-09. Childs, Roy (1973-09-01)
Market_anarchism
Epistemological position in praxeology
In praxeology, methodological dualism is an epistemological position which states that it is necessary ─ based on our current state of knowledge and understanding
Methodological_dualism
Thinking in terms of destiny or purpose
economist Ludwig von Mises, especially in the development of his science of praxeology. Mises believed that an individual's action is teleological because it
Teleology
Economic theory proposed by Austrian scholar Carl Menger
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Subjective_theory_of_value
Body within anthropology and sociology
Practice theory (or praxeology, theory of social practices) is a body of social theory within anthropology and sociology that explains society and culture
Practice_theory
Public university in Fairfax County, Virginia, US
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
George_Mason_University
American economist (born 1957)
Lawrence H. White (his dissertation supervisor), and where he wrote "Praxeology and Understanding," an essay defending Ludwig von Mises's methodological
George_Selgin
Austrian physicist and mathematician (1883–1953)
view with respect to positivism and epistemology. His brother developed praxeology, an a priori view. During his time in Istanbul, Mises maintained close
Richard_von_Mises
Study of an economy as a whole
following Ludwig von Mises' Human Action; Austrians generally adopt "praxeology", a deductive method that treats economics as a science of purposeful
Macroeconomics
Branch of philosophy
areas are therefore to be included within the philosophy of economics. Praxeology: a deductive theory of human action based on premises presumed to be philosophically
Philosophy_and_economics
Athenian general and statesman (c. 450–404 BC)
Roderick T. "Ethics Study Guide: Socrates in the Alcibiades and Symposium". praxeology.com. Retrieved 11 July 2021. Plato, Symposium, 220e. Plato, Symposium
Alcibiades
Economics think tank
destructive". The Mises Institute favors the methodology of Misesian praxeology ("the logic of human action"), which holds that economic science is deductive
Mises_Institute
Systematic study of values
Significance: Self, Person, Historicity, Community: Phenomenological Praxeology and Psychiatry. Springer. pp. 199–206. ISBN 978-94-009-0555-9. Grünberg
Value_theory
Factors influencing economic decisions
biases Methodological individualism Nudge theory Observational techniques Praxeology Priority heuristic Regret theory Repugnancy costs Socioeconomics Socionomics
Behavioral_economics
Critique of planned economies
book Socialism, arguing that the market price system is an expression of praxeology and cannot be replicated by any form of bureaucracy. Notable critics of
Economic_calculation_problem
Founder of the Austrian School of economics (1840–1921)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Carl_Menger
Entity owned by a person or a group of people
Retrieved 14 May 2015. "Molinari Institute – Anti-Copyright Resources". Praxeology.net. Retrieved 14 May 2015. "The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation
Property
1957 book by Ludwig von Mises
that deals with the logical implications of action as such is called praxeology. Part Two – Determinism and Materialism In the second part, Mises weighs
Theory_and_History
Moroccan philosopher
Heritage, 1994 Praxeology of Philosophy I: Philosophy and Translation, 1994 Language and Balance, or Multiplicity of Reason, 1998 Praxeology of Philosophy
Taha_Abdurrahman
Legal and philosophical theory that there are values inherent in nature
2013-11-26. R. A. Gonce (Apr 1973). "Natural Law and Ludwig von Mises' Praxeology and Economic Science". Southern Economic Journal. 39 (4). Southern Economic
Natural_law
Theory of the processes causing willful human bodily movements
Prentice-Hall, (Foundations of Philosophy Series), Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Praxeology Free will Humeanism § Theory of action Cybernetics Zalta, Edward N. (ed
Action_theory_(philosophy)
Researcher, cybernetician and systems scientist
Systems Sciences in the year 2014-15. He is known for his work on systems praxeology within rural development, sustainable management, systemic governance
Ray_Ison
German-American anarcho-capitalist academic (born 1949)
formulation of libertarianism denied the fundamental principle of Misesean praxeology. On the issue of utilitarianism, Long wrote, "Hoppe's argument, if it
Hans-Hermann_Hoppe
Fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society
heading?" Values, answers to ethical questions: "What should we do?" A praxeology, or methodology, or theory of action: "How should we attain our goals
Worldview
Axiom of the form, "If a condition holds, then the following will be done"
defensible and its scope very broad. The action-axiom is the basis of praxeology in the Austrian School, and it is the proposition that all specimens of
Action_axiom
French aristocrat and philosopher (1754–1836)
deductive method in social theory, seeing economics in terms of actions (praxeology) and exchanges (catallactics). Tracy's influence can be seen both on the
Antoine_Destutt_de_Tracy
Philosophy that accords primacy only to human thought
Transcendental subjectivism Phenomenology Existentialism Austrian economics and praxeology Vertiginous question Richardson, Alan and Bowden, John (1983) A new dictionary
Subjectivism
Ludwig von Mises is best known for his work on praxeology studies comparing communism and capitalism.
Criticism_of_socialism
French philosopher and anarchist (1809–1865)
York: Sheed and Ward, 1848. p. 9. "Bastiat-Proudhon Debate on Interest". Praxeology.net. Retrieved 2 December 2008. Leroux, Robert. "Political Economy and
Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon
French economist (1801–1850)
2015. "The Law". Bastiat.org. "Bastiat-Proudhon Debate on Interest". Praxeology.net. Retrieved 2 December 2008. Leroux 2011, p. 118. Roche, Charles George
Frédéric_Bastiat
Austrian School economics and a form of heterodox economics known as praxeology ("the logic of action"). The Molinari Institute is a left-libertarian
Libertarianism in the United States
Libertarianism_in_the_United_States
Principle that an action is rational if it maximizes one's self-interest
modern economics Practical reason – Use of reason to decide how to act Praxeology – Theory of human action Preference (economics) – Order by which an agent
Rational_egoism
Theory about the free market system in economies
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Catallactics
Views of the incumbent president of Argentina
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Political positions of Javier Milei
Political_positions_of_Javier_Milei
Application of econometrics and other formal methods to the study of history
laws—or, better yet, their truth—can be established with certainty by praxeology, a science based on the universal experience of human action that is logically
Cliometrics
American actor, rancher, painter, and husband of Ayn Rand (1897–1979)
Companion to My Spring 2021 Seminar on Nietzsche and Modern Literature". praxeology.net. Archived from the original on January 1, 2023. Britting, Jeff (February
Frank O'Connor (actor, born 1897)
Frank_O'Connor_(actor,_born_1897)
Method of analysis in social sciences
abandon". Methodological holism Methodological pluralism Austrian School Praxeology Analytical Marxism – School of Marxist theory Zahle, Julie, "Methodological
Methodological_individualism
American free-market-oriented think tank
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Mercatus_Center
Austrian economist and philosopher (1899–1992)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Friedrich_Hayek
Method of goods production
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Roundaboutness
Concept in economics
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Marginalism
American cartoonist (born 1970)
P-City Parade (Horse Press, 1997). Cantor, Paul A. (March 1998). "Holy Praxeology, Batman." The Free Market, Vol. 16, No. 3. "Toonami Fan – Jason DeMarco
Paul_Pope
Austrian economist (1851–1914)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Eugen_von_Böhm-Bawerk
American sociologist
Interaction History of Social Research: How Qualitative approaches to Praxeology got sidelined Information Technology and Information Systems
Anne_Warfield_Rawls
American economist (born 1930)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Israel_Kirzner
Form of research
of interpretation Methodological dualism – Epistemological position in praxeology Participatory action research – Approach to research in social sciences
Qualitative_research
Polish economist (1922–2021)
representative of the Polish School of Praxeology. In 1971 Kieżun became the head of the Institute of Praxeology of the Polish Academy of Sciences. In
Witold_Kieżun
Religious practice
Ulrike Selma (2015). "View of Doing Religion in Phowa Courses: Studies on Praxeology and the Logic of Reflection in Courses on "Conscious Dying" in Diamond
Phowa
Irish-French economist and banker (c. 1680 – 1734)
methodological insight which would lead to Ludwig von Mises's development of praxeology. Salerno 1985, p. 306 Hayek 1991, p. 260 Brewer 1988; Thornton December
Richard_Cantillon
American journalist and writer (1894–1993)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Henry_Hazlitt
determination of appropriate dosages. potamology The study of rivers. praxeology The study of human action based on the notion that humans engage in purposeful
List of words with the suffix -ology
List_of_words_with_the_suffix_-ology
economics – application of experimental methods to study economic questions Praxeology (used by the Austrian School) – theory of human action, based on the notion
Outline_of_economics
the original on April 5, 2005. "Voltairine de Cleyre – Sex Slavery". praxeology.net. "A Doll's House Repaired by Eleanor Marx 1891". www.marxists.org
List_of_feminist_literature
Christian view of the world
questions: "What should we do?" In this context, "What would Jesus do?" A praxeology, or methodology, or theory of action.: "How should we attain our goals
Christian_worldview
DC Comics character
bleak fascist Britain of the 1990s. Long, Roderick T. "Anarky Page". Praxeology.net. Retrieved January 9, 2008. Killjoy, Margaret (2009). Mythmakers and
Anarky
German sociologist and cultural scientist
while the second is objectivist. He identifies "practice theory" or praxeology as a synthesis of both, overcoming both mentalism (localizing culture
Andreas_Reckwitz
Alphabetical list of scientific disciplines
Pragmatics – Branch of linguistics and semiotics relating context to meaning Praxeology – Theory of human action Primatology – Scientific study of primates Proctology –
Index_of_branches_of_science
Topics referred to by the same term
by Helen Iball (also known as Helen Aston). Practice (disambiguation) Praxeology Orthopraxy, correct conduct in religions This disambiguation page lists
Praxis
Powerful family in Ancient Athens
Public, Penn State Press, 1998. 32. "Ethics Study Guide: Alcibiades". praxeology.net. Retrieved 2025-11-24. "Alcibiades." Encyclopaedic Dictionary: The
Alcmaeonidae
Economic theory
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Austrian business cycle theory
Austrian_business_cycle_theory
Prison in Kraków, Poland
(1922–2021; Polish economist, representative of the Polish School of Praxeology; after the Nazi invasion of Poland active member of the Resistance with
Montelupi_Prison
Norwegian philosopher
2010; Arabic (new preface) 2012; Korean 2016; Serbian 2017; Persian 2023. Praxeology: An Anthology. Oslo, 1983, ed. and co-author. ISBN 978-8200066590 Ord:
Gunnar_Skirbekk
between literature and science, questions of literary theory along with the praxeology of spiritual and cultural awarenesses. Since 1997 Martus has been writing
Steffen_Martus
Concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy
has hidden assumptions as well, and that these assumptions contradict praxeology. Marx anticipated this criticism, which he regarded as very shallow. In
Law_of_value
French cyberneticist and mathematician
loop. Vallée defined the study of this situation with the term "epistemo-praxeology", underlining the existing link between knowledge (episteme), resulting
Robert_Vallée
Newsletter published by the Mises Institute
Other schools of Thought Philosophy and Methodology Political Theory Praxeology Prices Private Property Production Theory Subjectivism Value and Exchange
Austrian_Economics_Newsletter
Event done by an agent for a purpose
(see epiphenomenalism). Ability Action theory Direct action Enactivism Praxeology Social action Social relation Affectional action Instrumental action Traditional
Action_(philosophy)
American theologian, philosopher, legal scholar, and political theorist (born 1966)
explore the potential and limits of natural law, non-aggression maxim, praxeology based doctrines of stateless social order. Austrian scholars of all persuasions
Gary_Chartier
Baháʼí educational institution
an expert." Academics have identified the practice as an instance of praxeology. The tutor roles "refer to functions we perform at a given time and not
Ruhi_Institute
American academic (1898–1983)
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
Leonard_Read
History of cartoon character
182 (January 21, 2009). DC Comics. Long, Roderick T. "Anarky Page". Praxeology.net. Retrieved January 9, 2008. Long, Roderick (January 15, 2009). "Evil
Publication_history_of_Anarky
United States Malinvestment Marginalism Methodological individualism Praxeology Roundaboutness Spontaneous order Subjective theory of value Theory of
History_of_political_thought
Principle in design thinking
allowed SOD to develop into a more designerly way where practice and praxeology became ever more important. Parallel to this, SOD was clarifying its theoretical
Systems-oriented_design
Batman storyline
illustrated by Pope. Human Action List of Elseworlds publications Holy Praxeology, Batman! PULPHOPE: BERLIN+BATMAN Artifact: Human Action Comics Paul Pope
The_Berlin_Batman
Overview of and topical guide to social science
2009-05-04 at the Wayback Machine On the Social Sciences Critical Essays praxeology as the method of the social sciences in defense of extreme apriourism
Outline_of_social_science
2005), "Journey to the Centre of Middle Earth", Austro-Athenian Empire, praxeology.net, retrieved 2 June 2013 Butcher, William (2005), "Notes", in Verne
Cultural influence of Jules Verne
Cultural_influence_of_Jules_Verne
American economist (1946–2008)
ICFAI Journal of Public Finance. August 2004, Vol. II, No. 3, 45–73. "Praxeology, Economics, and Law: Issues and Implications". Quarterly Journal of Austrian
Larry_J._Sechrest
institutions, research or industrial, with the exception of the Department of Praxeology of Polish Academy of Sciences. In 1975, "removed from the status of a
Seweryn_Chajtman
Russian academic
problems of social psychology – its history, methodology, theory and praxeology. Parygin was born in Leningrad, USSR, where he survived the Siege of Leningrad
Boris_Parygin
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