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Technique for drawing non-planar graphs
be represented as an immersion minor of its planarization. In incremental planarization, the planarization process is split into two stages. First, a large
Planarization
Polishing technique used during semiconductor fabrication
Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) (also called chemical mechanical planarization) is a process of smoothing surfaces with the combination of chemical
Chemical-mechanical_polishing
Central atom with four substituents located at the corners of a tetrahedron
In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron. The
Tetrahedral molecular geometry
Tetrahedral_molecular_geometry
American supplier
including photolithography, wet etch and clean, chemical-mechanical planarization, thin-film deposition, bulk chemical processing, wafer and reticle handling
Entegris
Manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
to pattern. CMP (chemical-mechanical planarization) is the primary processing method to achieve such planarization, although dry etch back is still sometimes
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor_device_fabrication
rate based on an increased surface contact. Also the use of an ultra planarization step is considered to improve the bonding due to a reduction of material
Thermocompression_bonding
American corporation
Inc. is an American company that manufactures chemical-mechanical planarization slurries, ultra-thin dielectric and metal precursors of film, formulated
Versum_Materials
Simplest dicarboxylic acid. (COOH)2
industries. In 2006 it was reported being used in electrochemical–mechanical planarization of copper layers in the semiconductor devices fabrication process. Reduction
Oxalic_acid
Industrial procedure
polymers and photoresists can result in relatively large edge beads whose planarization has physical limits. Cohen, Edward; Lightfoot, E. J. (2011). "Coating
Spin_coating
American semiconductor equipment company
chip equipment manufacturer that specialized in chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) cleaning, for $225 million. CMP cleaning is a hybrid process to
Lam_Research
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
Virtual detail of an integrated circuit through four layers of planarized copper interconnect, down to the polysilicon (pink), wells (greyish), and substrate
Integrated_circuit
Process in microfabrication
edges of the wafer or photomask with increased resist thickness whose planarization has physical limits. Often, Edge bead removal (EBR) is carried out,
Photolithography
Observation on the growth of integrated circuit capacity
1990s, including chemical-mechanical polishing or chemical mechanical planarization (CMP), trench isolation, and copper interconnects—although not directly
Moore's_law
Water-soluble polymer
fiberglass, inks, and inkjet paper, and in the chemical-mechanical planarization process as an emulsifier and disintegrant for solution polymerization
Polyvinylpyrrolidone
Fabrication at micrometre scales and smaller
by either thermal diffusion or ion implantation Chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) Wafer cleaning, also known as "surface preparation" (see below)
Microfabrication
Integrated circuit
the excess dielectric using a technique such as chemical-mechanical planarization. Certain semiconductor fabrication technologies also include deep trench
Shallow_trench_isolation
Any of the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium
is a key abrasive for fine glass polishing and chemical mechanical planarization. Luminescence applications take advantage of the unpaired 4f electrons
Rare-earth_element
Non-crystalline silicon
difficult to produce. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) Chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) Crystalline silicon Ion implantation
Amorphous_silicon
Very small devices that incorporate moving components
market, packaging coatings and increasing use of chemical mechanical planarization (CMP). While MEMS manufacturing continues to be dominated by used semiconductor
MEMS
German multinational science and technology company
processing, including doping, lithography, patterning, deposition, planarization, etching, and cleaning. After the acquisition of Intermolecular, its
Merck_Group
Chemical compound
application of ceria is for polishing, especially chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP). For this purpose, it has displaced many other oxides that were
Cerium(IV)_oxide
Fabs present & past worldwide
District, Migdal HaEmek 0.235 1989, 1986 150 1000–350 14,000 Foundry, Planarized BEOL, W and Oxide CMP, CMOS, CIS, Power, Power Discrete Tower Semiconductor
List of semiconductor fabrication plants
List_of_semiconductor_fabrication_plants
Family of chemistry force fields developed by Merck Research Labs
different out-of-plane bending and dihedral torsion parameters in order to planarize delocalized trigonal nitrogen atoms, e.g. in aniline. The "s" in MMFF94s
Merck_molecular_force_field
US semiconductor equipment company
Initially the tools were positioned as a competitor to chemical metal planarization but did not find any success. Due to strong backing, ACMR pivoted and
ACM_Research
Silicon wafer cleaning procedure in semiconductor manufacturing
wafer in trichloroethylene, acetone and methanol. Chemical-mechanical planarization Piranha solution Plasma etching Silicon on insulator Wafer (electronics)
RCA_clean
Reduction of solid materials to a smaller average particle size
Krishnan, Jakub W. Nalaskowsk, and Lee M. Cook, "Chemical Mechanical Planarization: Slurry Chemistry, Materials, and Mechanisms" Chem. Rev., 2010, vol
Comminution
Graph that can be embedded in the plane
Combinatorial map a combinatorial object that can encode plane graphs Planarization, a planar graph formed from a drawing with crossings by replacing each
Planar_graph
Chemical element with atomic number 58 (Ce)
application of ceria is for polishing, especially chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP). In its other main application, CeO2 is used to decolorize glass
Cerium
Criticism of Islam's holy book
Quran was revealed. Reply Dr. Mustafa Khattab writes that the Quran being planarized from the Bible is not likely as the first Arabic translation of the Bible
Criticism_of_the_Quran
Fewest edge crossings in drawing of a graph
zero, they all are. Schaefer (2014, 2018) surveys many such variants. Planarization, a planar graph formed by replacing each crossing by a new vertex Three
Crossing number (graph theory)
Crossing_number_(graph_theory)
Part of manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
elements: Selecting the type of wafer to be used; Chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) and cleaning of the wafer. Shallow trench isolation (STI) (or
Front_end_of_line
Wafer bond with glass central layer
temperature. The viscous flow of glass has effects to compensate and planarize surface irregularities, convenient for bonding wafers with a high roughness
Glass_frit_bonding
Used in semiconductor integrated circuits
the trenches is deposited on the insulator, and chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) is used to remove the copper (known as overburden) that extends
Copper_interconnects
Range of processes that alter the surface of an item to achieve a certain property
enamel Abrasive blasting Sandblasting Burnishing Chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) Electropolishing Electrochemical machining Flame polishing Gas
Surface_finishing
Technique
eventually removed, while a second coated layer over the first layer is planarized and retained. A purely spin-on and wet-processed approached has been demonstrated
Spacer_patterning
Visualization of node-link graphs
in which an input graph is planarized by replacing crossing points by vertices, a topological embedding of the planarized graph is found, edge orientations
Graph_drawing
Graph whose biconnected components are all cliques
approximation to the largest planar subgraph, an important subproblem in planarization. As an approximation algorithm, this method has approximation ratio
Block_graph
Surface, usually flat, used in printing, imaging, or manufacturing
printer. In semiconductor manufacturing, specifically chemical-mechanical planarization, a flat, rotating platen covered with a pad is used to polish semiconductor
Platen
Category of metallic elements
in Y Li (ed.), Microelectronic Applications of Chemical Mechanical Planarization, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, New Jersey, pp. 201–248, ISBN 0-471-71919-6
Post-transition_metal
Mathematical circuit analysis technique
analysis (electrical circuits) van Lier, M.; Otten, R. (March 1973). "Planarization by transformation". IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory. 20 (2): 169–171
Star-mesh_transform
Epoxy-based polymer
Solutions. Retrieved 12 Jun 2019. S. Arscott, 'The limits of edge bead planarization and surface levelling in spin-coated liquid films', J. Micromech. Microeng
SU-8_photoresist
Superconducting circuit element
Oliver, William D. (2015). "Fabrication Process and Properties of Fully-Planarized Deep-Submicron Nb/Al–(AlO)/Nb Josephson Junctions for VLSI Circuits".
Josephson_junction
Mathematical tree of cycles
approximation to the largest planar subgraph, an important subproblem in planarization. As an approximation algorithm, this method has approximation ratio
Cactus_graph
surface pitch – the distance between the centers of repeated elements planarization – a process that makes a surface planar (flat) polishing – see chemical-mechanical
Glossary of microelectronics manufacturing terms
Glossary_of_microelectronics_manufacturing_terms
Chinese-American nanotribologist
since 2015. Liang is the coauthor of Tribology in Chemical-Mechanical Planarization (with David Craven, Taylor & Francis, 2004). Her edited volumes include
Hong_Liang
Topics referred to by the same term
polishing, a technique used in semiconductor fabrication; also known as planarization Command Module Pilot, a position of the Apollo program crewed missions
CMP
Graph where coordinates show reachability
directed acyclic graphs, the left-right algorithm (together with a planarization preprocessing step) was found to perform well in terms of the area of
Dominance_drawing
Branch of electronic design automation
interconnects that include processing issues of chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP), and the need to consider electro-magnetic effects using electromagnetic
Technology_CAD
Method of depositing thin films onto a substrate
of the deposited film occurs; this sputtering can be employed to help planarize the film and fill trenches or holes. A simple DC discharge can be readily
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Plasma-enhanced_chemical_vapor_deposition
Type of computing error
lowers the melt temperature of the glass providing better reflow and planarization characteristics. In this application the glass is formulated with a
Soft_error
Subgraph with contracted edges
Gutwenger, Carsten; Jünger, Michael; Mutzel, Petra (2014), "Crossings and planarization", in Tamassia, Roberto (ed.), Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization
Graph_minor
Routing methodology for wireless networks
routing depends on a planar subgraph in general; however distributed planarization is difficult for real wireless sensor networks and does not scale well
Geographic_routing
German computer scientist
of Bonn in 2019. In graph drawing, Mutzel has contributed in work on planarization, crossing minimization in layered graph drawing, and SPQR trees, and
Petra_Mutzel
Material degradation due to corrosion and wear
also be applied to good use, for example in the chemical-mechanical planarization of wafers in the electronics industry or in metal grinding and cutting
Tribocorrosion
bonding process of not completely inert anodic materials can be the planarization or polishing of surfaces and the ablation of the surface layer by electrochemical
Anodic_bonding
Modeling for semiconductor fabrication
oxidation, and epitaxy. Other common steps include chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP), silicidation, and reflow. All commercial process simulators use
Semiconductor process simulation
Semiconductor_process_simulation
Part of photolithography of integrated circuits
be it from a processing step, such as: photolithography, etching, planarization, and deposition. These distortions are measured and a suitable model
Resolution enhancement technologies
Resolution_enhancement_technologies
Class of gels with an organic liquid phase in a crosslinked polymer matrix
changes in intermolecular interactions. They used an oxidation-induced planarization to trigger gelator self-assembly and gelation through donor-acceptor
Organogels
Evaluation of Nitride Erosion in Shallow Trench Isolation Chemical Mechanical Planarization". MRS Proceedings. 838. doi:10.1557/PROC-838-O10.5. v t e
2002_in_Germany
Largest independent set of paired elements
the largest planar subgraph of a given graph, an important step in planarization. The largest triangular cactus always has at least 4/9 the number of
Matroid_parity_problem
of Nitride Erosion in Shallow Trench Isolation Chemical Mechanical Planarization". MRS Proceedings. 838. doi:10.1557/PROC-838-O10.5. "German Handelsregister
NanoAndMore
Novel computer memory type
overlying dielectric using a smoothing process such as chemical-mechanical planarization. With the top electrode exposed, the next level of metal wiring interconnect
Nano-RAM
Structures that connect circuit elements in an integrated circuit
interconnects do not suffer breaks, and maximum width interconnects can be planarized by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Spacing is constrained to ensure
Interconnect (integrated circuits)
Interconnect_(integrated_circuits)
Catalytic amino acid residue
This causes increased charge density on the beta phosphate of GTP and planarization of the gamma phosphate, which creates an opening and reduces steric
Arginine_finger
American physicist and electrical engineer
Method of fabricating a high density electrical interconnect 4,681,666 Planarization of a layer of metal and anodic aluminum 4,544,937 Formation of normal
Harry_Kroger
Graph with at most one crossing per edge
with a known 1-planar embedding, and use a tree decomposition of a planarization of the embedding with crossings replaced by degree-four vertices; however
1-planar_graph
US-4922754-A, and US-4936128-A. 1990s - Began research on chemical-mechanical planarization, CMP, resulting in two patents issued in 2005-2007: US-2005215178-A1
David_Alan_Dornfeld
Graph width parameter
ipl.2009.03.018, MR 2527717 Eppstein, David (2018), "The effect of planarization on width", Journal of Graph Algorithms & Applications, 22 (3): 461–481
Carving_width
using glass, based on the high surface roughness, a chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) step after rinsing is necessary to improve the bonding quality
Plasma-activated_bonding
Type of electromagnetic metamaterial
SRRs was published in 2007 that uses dielectric spacers to apply a planarization procedure to flatten the SRR layer. It appears that arbitrary many layers
Photonic_metamaterial
Drug discovery
direct interaction to the FXa backbone, instead, it contributes to a planarization of the morpholinone ring and therefore supports rivaroxaban to be sandwiched
Discovery and development of direct Xa inhibitors
Discovery_and_development_of_direct_Xa_inhibitors
Schottky barrier solar cell
effective anode layer. Its function as a wide band-gap semiconductor helps planarize the anode surface, and helps maximum photon flux to reach the active layer
Schottky_junction_solar_cell
South Korean painter (born 1941)
created by Choi Myoung Young's vertical and horizontal brushstrokes is a planarized layer that appeared through the process and is a performance that task
Choi_Myoung_Young
Class of compounds
P-Ge interaction that would not be sufficient to overcome the energy of planarizing both P atoms. In addition, ((Dipp)2P)2Ge was modified such that an iPr
Diphosphagermylene
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Girl/Female
Arabic, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Divine Blessing
Girl/Female
Tamil
One, She who has attained the absolute
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Afghan, African, Arabic, Australian, French, Indian, Iranian, Muslim, Parsi
One who Praises; Thankful; A Praiser
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Arthurian Legend
Gawain's sword.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Blazing
Male
Hindi/Indian
Variant form of Hindi Bijay, BIJOY means "victory."Â
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Tamil
Amilzha | அமீலà¯à®œà¯à®¹à®¾
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British, Indian, Romanian
Form of Arman or Harmanas
Male
German
Modern German form of Old High German Heribert, HERBERT means "bright army."Â
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Indian, Tamil
Honest Man or God Vishnu
PLANARIZATION
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