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French mathematician and lawyer (1601–1665)
Pierre de Fermat (/fɜːrˈmɑː/; French: [pjɛʁ də fɛʁma]; 17 August 1601 – 12 January 1665) was a French magistrate, polymath, and mathematician credited
Pierre_de_Fermat
Positive integer of the form (2^(2^n))+1
In mathematics, a Fermat number, named after Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665), the first known to have studied them, is a positive integer of the form: F
Fermat_number
A prime p divides a^p–a for any integer a
after Pierre de Fermat, who stated it in 1640. It is called the "little theorem" to distinguish it from Fermat's Last Theorem. Pierre de Fermat first
Fermat's_little_theorem
17th-century conjecture proved by Andrew Wiles in 1994
proposition was first stated as a theorem by Pierre de Fermat around 1637 in the margin of a copy of Arithmetica. Fermat wrote that "I have discovered a truly
Fermat's_Last_Theorem
Mathematics award
The Fermat Prize of mathematical research biennially rewards research works in fields where the contributions of Pierre de Fermat have been decisive:
Fermat_Prize
Spiral that surrounds equal area per turn
is proportional to the distance from the center). Fermat spirals are named after Pierre de Fermat. Their applications include curvature continuous blending
Fermat's_spiral
Geometrical surface
In geometry, the Fermat cubic, named after Pierre de Fermat, is a surface defined by x 3 + y 3 + z 3 = 1. {\displaystyle x^{3}+y^{3}+z^{3}=1.\ } Methods
Fermat_cubic
Every positive integer is a sum of at most n n-gonal numbers
numbers) 17 = 12 + 5 (pentagonal numbers). The theorem is named after Pierre de Fermat, who stated it, in 1638, without proof, promising to write it in a
Fermat polygonal number theorem
Fermat_polygonal_number_theorem
named after Pierre de Fermat, a French amateur mathematician. Fermat–Apollonius circle Fermat–Catalan conjecture Fermat cubic Fermat curve Fermat–Euler theorem
List of things named after Pierre de Fermat
List_of_things_named_after_Pierre_de_Fermat
American historian of science
held in his honor at Princeton in May 2009. Mahoney's biography of Pierre de Fermat received much critical attention including a scathing review by André
Michael_Sean_Mahoney
3rd-century Greek mathematician
procedure. The 1621 edition of Arithmetica by Bachet gained fame after Pierre de Fermat wrote his famous "Last Theorem" in the margins of his copy. In modern
Diophantus
Composite number that passes Fermat's probable primality test
number theory, the Fermat pseudoprimes make up the most important class of pseudoprimes that come from Fermat's little theorem. Fermat's little theorem states
Fermat_pseudoprime
Index of articles associated with the same name
17th-century mathematician Pierre de Fermat engendered many theorems. Fermat's theorem may refer to one of the following theorems: Fermat's Last Theorem, about
Fermat's_theorem
Light rays follow quickest paths
French mathematician Pierre de Fermat in 1662, as a means of explaining the ordinary law of refraction of light (Fig. 1), Fermat's principle was initially
Fermat's_principle
Triangle center minimizing sum of distances to each vertex
In Euclidean geometry, the Fermat point of a triangle, also called the Torricelli point or Fermat–Torricelli point, is a point such that the sum of the
Fermat_point
Algebraic curve
mathematics, the Fermat curve is the algebraic curve in the complex projective plane defined in homogeneous coordinates (X:Y:Z) by the Fermat equation: X n
Fermat_curve
French male given name
poet Pierre de Fermat, French lawyer and mathematician Pierre Deladonchamps, French actor Pierre Deland, Swedish actor and director Pierre Pelerin de Maricourt
Pierre
Non-fiction book by Simon Singh
search for a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, first conjectured by Pierre de Fermat in 1637, and explores how many mathematicians such as Évariste Galois
Fermat's_Last_Theorem_(book)
Factorization method based on the difference of two squares
Fermat's factorization method, named after Pierre de Fermat, is based on the representation of an odd integer as the difference of two squares: N = a
Fermat's_factorization_method
Probabilistic primality test
The Fermat primality test is a probabilistic test to determine whether a number is a probable prime. Fermat's little theorem states that if p is prime
Fermat_primality_test
Concept in Number Theory
p-derivation. The quotient is named after Pierre de Fermat. If the base a is coprime to the exponent p then Fermat's little theorem says that qp(a) will be
Fermat_quotient
Partial results found before the complete proof
Fermat's Last Theorem is a theorem in number theory, originally stated by Pierre de Fermat in 1637 and proven by Andrew Wiles in 1995. The statement of
Proof of Fermat's Last Theorem for specific exponents
Proof_of_Fermat's_Last_Theorem_for_specific_exponents
Generalization of Fermat's Last Theorem and of Catalan's conjecture,
In number theory, the Fermat–Catalan conjecture is a generalization of Fermat's Last Theorem and of Catalan's conjecture. The conjecture states that the
Fermat–Catalan_conjecture
1995 publication in mathematics
Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem is a proof by British mathematician Andrew Wiles of a special case of the modularity theorem for elliptic curves
Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem
Wiles's_proof_of_Fermat's_Last_Theorem
Point minimizing sum of distances to given points
known as Fermat's problem; it arises in the construction of minimal Steiner trees, and was originally posed as a problem by Pierre de Fermat and solved
Geometric_median
Mathematical procedure equivalent to differential calculus
Adequality is a technique developed by Pierre de Fermat in his treatise Methodus ad disquirendam maximam et minimam (a Latin treatise circulated in France
Adequality
Dutch statesman (1625–1672)
based upon earlier work in analytic geometry by René Descartes and Pierre de Fermat, he treated the subject of conic sections from a synthetic and an analytic
Johan_de_Witt
Condition under which an odd prime is a sum of two squares
In additive number theory, Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares states that an odd prime p can be expressed as: p = x 2 + y 2 , {\displaystyle p=x^{2}+y^{2}
Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares
Fermat's_theorem_on_sums_of_two_squares
French philosopher and mathematician (1596–1650)
In La Géométrie, Descartes exploited the discoveries he made with Pierre de Fermat. This later became known as Cartesian geometry. Descartes continued
René_Descartes
French polymath (1623–1662)
subject of conic sections at the age of 16. He later corresponded with Pierre de Fermat on probability theory, strongly influencing the development of modern
Blaise_Pascal
Theorem on modular exponentiation
In number theory, Euler's theorem (also known as the Fermat–Euler theorem or Euler's totient theorem) states that, if n and a are coprime positive integers
Euler's_theorem
About maxima and minima of functions
stationary point. It is also known as Fermat's theorem, named after the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat. The interior extremum theorem gives a
Interior_extremum_theorem
Function from the limited hyperreal to the real numbers
implementation of the historical concept of adequality introduced by Pierre de Fermat, as well as Leibniz's transcendental law of homogeneity. The standard
Standard_part_function
French mathematician and librarian
French mathematician. Carcavi is known for his correspondence with Pierre de Fermat, Blaise Pascal, Christiaan Huygens, Galileo Galilei, Marin Mersenne
Pierre_de_Carcavi
Largest and smallest value taken by a function at a given point
the entire domain (the global or absolute extrema) of a function. Pierre de Fermat was one of the first mathematicians to propose a general technique
Maximum_and_minimum
Rational right triangles cannot have square area
Fermat's right triangle theorem is a non-existence proof in number theory, published in 1670 among the works of Pierre de Fermat, soon after his death
Fermat's right triangle theorem
Fermat's_right_triangle_theorem
Complex manifold
V^{5}+W^{5}+X^{5}+Y^{5}+Z^{5}=0} . This threefold, so named after Pierre de Fermat, is a Calabi–Yau manifold. The Hodge diamond of a non-singular quintic
Fermat_quintic_threefold
Cubic plane curve
opposite points of a circle. The curve was studied as early as 1653 by Pierre de Fermat, in 1703 by Guido Grandi, and by Isaac Newton. It gets its name from
Witch_of_Agnesi
Computer algebra system
Fermat (named after Pierre de Fermat) is a computer algebra system developed by Prof. Robert H. Lewis of Fordham University. It can work on integers (of
Fermat (computer algebra system)
Fermat_(computer_algebra_system)
2007 Spanish film
Fermat's Room (Spanish: La habitación de Fermat) is a 2007 Spanish thriller film directed by Luis Piedrahita and Rodrigo Sopeña. Three mathematicians
Fermat's_Room
Prefecture and commune in France
Medicine; 17th-century mathematician Pierre de Fermat (1607–1665), who spent his life in Toulouse, where he wrote Fermat's Last Theorem and was a lawyer in
Toulouse
Portuguese automotive business executive (born 1958)
the age of 17 to follow a preparatory course in maths at the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat in Toulouse. He then graduated as an engineer from the École Centrale
Carlos_Tavares
Ampère, Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, Pierre de Fermat, Antoine Laurent Lavoisier, Alessandro Volta, Augustin-Louis Cauchy, Pierre Duhem, Jean-Baptiste Dumas
List of lay Catholic scientists
List_of_lay_Catholic_scientists
Tendency of light to travel in a straight line
moving in straight lines. Rectilinear propagation was discovered by Pierre de Fermat. Rectilinear propagation is only an approximation.[citation needed]
Rectilinear_propagation
Field of knowledge
mathematics. A prominent example is Fermat's Last Theorem. This conjecture was stated in 1637 by Pierre de Fermat, but it was proved only in 1994 by Andrew
Mathematics
System was discovered by René Descartes in 1637 (and independently by Pierre de Fermat at the same period). The first calculator by Blaise Pascal (Pascaline)
Science and technology in France
Science_and_technology_in_France
1713 book on probability and combinatorics by Jacob Bernoulli
the most well-known mathematicians of the time, Blaise Pascal and Pierre de Fermat, began a correspondence discussing the subject. The two initiated the
Ars_Conjectandi
Swiss mathematician (1707–1783)
early work on number theory was based on the work of Pierre de Fermat. Euler developed some of Fermat's ideas and disproved some of his conjectures, such
Leonhard_Euler
Problem of minimizing sum of transport costs
is minimized. It was formulated by the famous French mathematician Pierre de Fermat before 1640, and it can be seen as the true beginning of both location
Weber_problem
British mathematician who proved Fermat's Last Theorem
the previous few years of Gerhard Frey, Jean-Pierre Serre and Ken Ribet, it became clear that Fermat's Last Theorem (the statement that no three positive
Andrew_Wiles
Mathematical proof technique using contradiction
In mathematics, a proof by infinite descent, also known as Fermat's method of descent, is a particular kind of proof by contradiction used to show that
Proof_by_infinite_descent
Expression in calculus
called the Newton quotient (after Isaac Newton) or Fermat's difference quotient (after Pierre de Fermat). The typical notion of the difference quotient discussed
Difference_quotient
French civil servant (1929–2019)
1929. He was a student of the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat in Toulouse, and a graduate of Institut d’études politiques de Toulouse (IEP Toulouse). Miguet died
Robert_Miguet
Commune in Occitania, France
of Pierre Fermat the covered market the covered market Hotel Fermat The Church Chapel St.John The mathematician Pierre de Fermat, famous for Fermat's Last
Beaumont-de-Lomagne
Spacing between equally-spaced square numbers
for a congruum to be a square number. This was later proven by Pierre de Fermat as Fermat's right triangle theorem. A congruum is defined to be any number
Congruum
French architect (1925–2001)
taught industrial design at both the Ecole des Beaux-arts and the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat in Toulouse. The Debeaux family lived in Toulouse and had a second
Pierre_Debeaux
Named set of points in nonstandard analysis
homogeneity Mathematicians Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Abraham Robinson Pierre de Fermat Augustin-Louis Cauchy Leonhard Euler Textbooks Analyse des Infiniment
Monad_(nonstandard_analysis)
Senegalese politician and engineer (1926–2008)
engineer. He was one of the founders of the PAI. He studied at the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat in Toulouse and at the ESME-Sudria in Paris, and he worked as an engineer
Khalilou_Sall
Type of Diophantine equation
translations of Wallis' letters: Fermat, Pierre de (1896). Tannery, Paul; Henry, Charles (eds.). Oeuvres de Fermat (in French and Latin). Vol. 3. Paris
Pell's_equation
French aerospace engineer
research director) in Computer Science and Cognitive Science in 1992 at Pierre and Marie Curie University (Sorbonne University). His HDR thesis was titled
Guy_André_Boy
Circle formed by all 90° crossings of tangents of an ellipse or hyperbola
circle of an ellipse or hyperbola (also called the orthoptic circle or Fermat–Apollonius circle) is a circle consisting of all points where two perpendicular
Director_circle
Study of geometry using a coordinate system
Analytic geometry was independently invented by René Descartes and Pierre de Fermat, although Descartes is sometimes given sole credit. Cartesian geometry
Analytic_geometry
German geographer and economist (1868–1958)
famous French mathematician Pierre de Fermat before 1640. As for the Weber triangle problem, which is a generalization of the Fermat triangle problem, it was
Alfred_Weber
French sculptor
sculptor. Born in Toulouse, Ségoffin's early education was at the Lycée Pierre-de-Fermat. After school he was admitted to the Toulouse School of Fine Arts in
Victor_Ségoffin
Branch of pure mathematics
Mathematics, Vol I. New York: Dover. Tannery, Paul; Fermat, Pierre de (1891). Charles Henry (ed.). Oeuvres de Fermat. (4 Vols.) (in French and Latin). Paris: Imprimerie
Number_theory
Average value of a random variable
He began to discuss the problem in the famous series of letters to Pierre de Fermat. Soon enough, they both independently came up with a solution. They
Expected_value
French Jesuit mathematician
correspondence with Fermat), which was published as an addendum to the 1670 reedition of Diophantus's Arithmeticae, with Pierre de Fermat's notes. This work
Jacques_de_Billy
teacher) John Ernest (painter) Pasquale Joseph Federico (patent attorney) Pierre de Fermat (lawyer) Sarah Flannery (high school student) Reo Fortune (anthropologist)
List of amateur mathematicians
List_of_amateur_mathematicians
Polynomial equation whose integer solutions are sought
Archimedes's cattle problem and the monkey and the coconuts. In 1637, Pierre de Fermat scribbled on the margin of his copy of Arithmetica: "It is impossible
Diophantine_equation
French journalist and TV presenter (born 1975)
Villefranche-de-Rouergue, Marie-Sophie Lacarrau grew up near Perpignan. After high school, she attended a literary college (lycée Fermat) in Toulouse
Marie-Sophie_Lacarrau
expand into new areas, with the correspondence of Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal. Pascal and Fermat set the groundwork for the investigations of probability
History_of_mathematics
Walloon mathematician and churchman
algorithms greatly improved upon the complicated algebraic methods of Pierre de Fermat and René Descartes, who themselves had improved upon Roberval's kinematic
René-François_de_Sluse
Coordinate system using perpendicular axes
Netherlands. It was independently discovered by Pierre de Fermat, who also worked in three dimensions, although Fermat did not publish the discovery. The French
Cartesian_coordinate_system
17th century, European mathematicians Isaac Barrow, René Descartes, Pierre de Fermat, Blaise Pascal, John Wallis and others discussed the idea of a derivative
History_of_calculus
Géométrie containing his version of Analytic geometry 1637—Pierre de Fermat claims to have proven Fermat's Last Theorem in his copy of Diophantus' Arithmetica
Timeline_of_mathematics
Number measuring the chance an event occurs
Cardano, the doctrine of probabilities dates to the correspondence of Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal (1654). Christiaan Huygens (1657) gave the earliest
Probability
Dutch mathematician and physicist (1629–1695)
trouble to keep Huygens in touch. Through Pierre de Carcavi Huygens corresponded in 1656 with Pierre de Fermat, whom he admired greatly. The experience
Christiaan_Huygens
2017 book by Ian Stewart
ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī, Madhava of Sangamagrama, Gerolamo Cardano, Pierre de Fermat, Isaac Newton, Euler, Fourier, Gauss, Lobachevsky, Galois, Ada Lovelace
Significant_Figures_(book)
Concept in number theory (mathematics)
or a family of abelian varieties. It goes back to the studies of Pierre de Fermat on what are now recognized as elliptic curves; and has become a very
Arithmetic of abelian varieties
Arithmetic_of_abelian_varieties
Number divisible only by 1 and itself
square root. In 1640 Pierre de Fermat stated (without proof) Fermat's little theorem (later proved by Leibniz and Euler). Fermat also investigated the
Prime_number
Study of rates of change
Leibniz built on significant earlier work by mathematicians such as Pierre de Fermat (1607–1665), Isaac Barrow (1630–1677), René Descartes (1596–1650),
Differential_calculus
Branch of mathematics
of finite differences developed in Europe at around the same time. Pierre de Fermat, claiming that he borrowed from Diophantus, introduced the concept
Calculus
Series of three books by E. T. Whittaker on the history of electromagnetic theory
while it highlights the work of Petrus Peregrinus, William Gilbert, Pierre de Fermat, Robert Hooke, Galileo, and Ole Rømer. Chapter 2 covers the initial
A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity
A_History_of_the_Theories_of_Aether_and_Electricity
Branch of mathematics
French mathematicians Franciscus Vieta and later René Descartes and Pierre de Fermat revolutionized the conventional way of thinking about construction
Algebraic_geometry
Branch of mathematics concerning probability
games of chance by Gerolamo Cardano in the sixteenth century, and by Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal in the seventeenth century (for example the "problem
Probability_theory
Crater on the Moon
billion years ago. It is named for 17th century French mathematician Pierre de Fermat. By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing
Fermat_(crater)
Chances of card combinations in poker
began an important correspondence between him and fellow mathematician Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665). Communicating through letters, the two continued to exchange
Poker_probability
Problem in probability theory
Chevalier de Méré, Antoine Gombaud posed it to Blaise Pascal. Pascal discussed the problem in his ongoing correspondence with Pierre de Fermat. Through
Problem_of_points
Person who participates in activities on a nonprofessional basis
tinkering with a coherer and a spark coil as an amateur electrician. Pierre de Fermat was a highly influential mathematician whose primary vocation was law
Amateur
Person who conducts scientific research
effect. Mathematicians including Girolamo Cardano, Blaise Pascal, Pierre de Fermat, John von Neumann, Alan Turing, Aleksandr Khinchin, Andrey Markov,
Scientist
Natural number
primes of this form are known as Fermat primes, named after the mathematician Pierre de Fermat. The only known prime Fermat numbers are 2 2 0 + 1 = 2 1 +
65,537
Marks made in margins of book pages
John Adams Joseph Conrad Machiavelli Mark Twain Michel de Montaigne Oscar Wilde Pierre de Fermat Samuel T. Coleridge Sylvia Plath Hester Thrale Piozzi
Marginalia
Branch of mathematics
Development. New York: Dover Publications. pp. 101–150. Pellegrino, Dana. "Pierre de Fermat". Archived from the original on 2008-10-12. Retrieved 2008-02-24. Guicciardini
Mathematical_analysis
Formalization in mathematical topos theory
homogeneity Mathematicians Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Abraham Robinson Pierre de Fermat Augustin-Louis Cauchy Leonhard Euler Textbooks Analyse des Infiniment
Synthetic differential geometry
Synthetic_differential_geometry
Branch of mathematics
with coordinates and equations, by René Descartes (1596–1650) and Pierre de Fermat (1601–1665). This was a necessary precursor to the development of calculus
Geometry
Calendar year
1595) January 11 – Louise de La Fayette, French courtier, friend of King Louis XIII (b. 1618) January 12 – Pierre de Fermat, French mathematician (b.
1665
Italian mathematician (1940–2024)
sustained interest in the history of mathematics, e.g. the mathematics of Pierre de Fermat (see Giusti 2009). At the time of his death, he was the director of
Enrico_Giusti
American mathematician and historian (1906–1976)
Mesopotamia and Egypt, to the independent creation of the subject proper by Pierre de Fermat and René Descartes, and to the third quarter of the nineteenth century
Carl_Benjamin_Boyer
Speed of electromagnetic waves
denser media. Pierre de Fermat derived Snell's law using the opposing assumption, the denser the medium the slower light travelled. Fermat also argued in
Speed_of_light
Dumarsais Fénelon Pierre de Fermat Simon Foucher Nicolas Fréret Jacques Gaffarel Pierre-Daniel Huet Charles-Etienne Jordan Louis de La Forge Bernard Lamy
List_of_French_philosophers
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