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Chemical compound
Phorbol is a natural, plant-derived organic compound. It is a member of the tigliane family of diterpenes. Phorbol was first isolated in 1934 via the hydrolysis
Phorbol
Group of chemical compounds
diterpenoid phorbol. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a phorbol ester receptor. Phorbol esters can stimulate PKC in a similar way to diglycerides. Phorbol esters
Phorbol_esters
enzyme phorbol-diester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.51) catalyzes the reaction phorbol 12,13-dibutanoate + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } phorbol 13-butanoate
Phorbol-diester_hydrolase
Chemical compound
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is a diester of phorbol. It is a potent tumor promoter often
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
Oil from the seed of Croton tiglium
of the chemical compound phorbol. Tumor promotion activity was traced to phorbol esters present in croton oil. Pure phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which
Croton_oil
Chemical compound
Phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) is a phorbol ester which is one of the constituents of croton oil. As an activator of protein kinase C, it is a weak tumor
Phorbol_12,13-dibutyrate
Cell line
phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or other stimulants such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA or simply phorbol), express interleukin 2, and are used in research
Jurkat_cells
Species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae
in the Euphorbiaceae family. It is a spurge native to southern Africa. Phorbol has been isolated from the latex of this perennial plant. Wikimedia Commons
Euphorbia_franckiana
Species of plant
a high degree of aridity, allowing it to grow in deserts. It contains phorbol esters, which are considered toxic. However, edible (non-toxic) varieties
Jatropha_curcas
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PMAIP1 gene, and is also known as Noxa. Noxa (Latin for
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced_protein_1
Chemical compound
Wender group reported an efficient semi-synthesis of tigilanol tiglate from phorbol (12% overall yield over 12 steps). Tigilanol tiglate was approved for use
Tigilanol_tiglate
Type of fat derived from glycerol and two fatty acids
release. Diacylglycerol can be mimicked by the tumor-promoting compounds phorbol esters. In addition to activating PKC, diacylglycerol has a number of other
Diglyceride
Species of plant
crotonic acid [citation needed], crotonic resin, and various co-carcinogenic phorbol derivatives. "Croton tiglium". Germplasm Resources Information Network
Croton_tiglium
Family of enzymes
for DAG as well as non-hydrolysable, non-physiological analogues called phorbol esters. This domain is functional and capable of binding DAG in both conventional
Protein_kinase_C
Chemical compound
genera Euphorbiaceae and Thymelaeaceae possess a wide variety of different phorbol esters, which share the capacity of mimicking diacylglycerol (DAG) and
Mezerein
Species of flowering plant
poisonous milky latex, containing several irritating alkaloids, such as phorbol. It is used medicinally in India. It is widely grown as an ornamental plant
Euphorbia_lactea
Chemical compound
ISBN 978-1449631130. Szallasi A, Blumberg PM (1989). "Resiniferatoxin, a phorbol-related diterpene, acts as an ultrapotent analog of capsaicin, the irritant
Resiniferatoxin
Poisonous plant from tropical North and South America
furocoumarins, sapogenines, hippomanins, mancinellin and other phorbol esters, which are responsible for the manchineel's toxicity. Its milky
Manchineel
Species of plant cultivated for use as spice
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Long_pepper
Chemical compound
structural basis for some natural chemical compounds such as phorbol. Abietane Labdane Ingenane Phorbol esters Tigilanol tiglate "Tigliane", Pubchem, retrieved
Tigliane
Organic molecule weighing under 1000 daltons
allosteric site.[citation needed] An example is the teratogen and carcinogen phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, which is a plant terpene that activates protein
Small_molecule
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
ZINC17988990
Species of plant
mouth, and vomiting. The poisonous ingredients have been identified as phorbol esters. It is very toxic to domesticated animals such as, horses, sheep
Euphorbia_milii
Family of flowering plants
Daphne mezereum). This toxicity is often related to the plants' containing phorbol esters which, as the name suggests, are also common in the spurge family
Thymelaeaceae
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
gene and its encoded mRNA was first identified as a phorbol ester-induced gene, and named Phorbol Ester Induced Gen 1 (PEIG-1); two years later it was
GPRC5A
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Clotrimazole
Protein domain
known as phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain) binds an important secondary messenger diacylglycerol (DAG), as well as the analogous phorbol esters
C1_domain
Type of nerve tissue protein
Chimerins are a family of non-protein kinase C phorbol ester receptors. They were the first phorbol ester receptors to be discovered within this family
Chimerin
Monoterpenoid and alcohol that is the primary component of citronella oil
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Geraniol
Species of plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Rosemary
Genus of flowering plants in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae
seeds of Jatropha curcas contain toxic lectin dimers and carcinogenic phorbol esters. Despite this, the seeds are occasionally eaten after roasting,
Jatropha
Ground fruit of the family Piperaceae
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Black_pepper
Culinary herb
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Basil
Inflammatory agent
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Pepper_spray
Protein found in humans
This gene is a member of the chimerin family and encodes a protein with a phorbol-ester/diacylglycerol-type zinc finger, a Rho-GAP domain and an SH2 domain
Chimerin_2
Species of flowering plant
Euphorbia helioscopia contains toxic diterpenes and diterpenoids and phorbol esters. These substances are the major skin irritants found in the plant
Euphorbia_helioscopia
Species of edible plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Wasabi
Networks of fibres which bind pathogens
the host cells. Upon in vitro activation with the pharmacological agent phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), Interleukin 8 (IL-8) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Neutrophil extracellular traps
Neutrophil_extracellular_traps
American chemist
applications for drugs in cancer therapy, for example, and synthesized phorbol, taxol, resiniferatoxin and prostatin, among others. Because of his work
Paul_Wender_(chemist)
Spice made from flower buds
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Clove
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Hydrogen_peroxide
Plant used as spice
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Turmeric
Species of flowering plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Oregano
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
acidification and arachidonic acid, and strongly inhibited by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate is also known as
KCNK9
Toxic, waxy organic compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Camphor
Species of plant used as a spice
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Ginger
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
presynaptic density. It is translocated to the plasma membrane in response to phorbol ester binding. UNC13A has been shown to interact with: STX1A, STX1B1, DOC2A
UNC13A
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Gingerol
Culinary herb
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Thyme
Species of tree in the family Euphorbiaceae
considered a delicacy in New Caledonia. Because the seeds contain saponin, phorbol, and toxalbumins, they are mildly toxic when raw, inducing a laxative effect
Aleurites_moluccanus
Genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Mentha
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a
PRKCB1
French immunologist and physician (1935–2004)
(2000). "Activation of human neutrophils by electronically transmitted phorbol–myristate acetate". Medical Hypotheses. 54 (1): 33–39. doi:10.1054/mehy
Jacques_Benveniste
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a
PRKCQ
Species of plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Ruta_graveolens
Pesticide used to kill molluscs
Gunjan; Makkar, Harinder P. S.; Francis, George; Becker, Klaus (2007). "Phorbol Esters: Structure, Biological Activity, and Toxicity in Animals". International
Molluscicide
Bulbous vegetable
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Onion
Medication for pain and fever
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Paracetamol
Agricultural product processed from the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Tobacco
Genus of flowering plants
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Cannabis
Chemical weapon
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Tear_gas
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene". EMBO J. 11 (1): 205–13. doi:10
REL
Pungent chemical compound in chili peppers
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Capsaicin
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Diallyl_disulfide
RNA sequences
influenced by many exogenous factors that modulate a cell's function, including phorbol esters, calcium ionophores, cytokines, and transcription inhibitors. In
AU-rich_element
Neuroscientist
HIV-1-infected subjects by a mixture of the calcium ionophore A23187 and the phorbol ester TPA: lack of response to a similar challenge with interleukin-2 or
Aron_Mosnaim
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Eugenol
Spice extracted from Vanilla orchids
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Vanilla
Chemical irritant/tear gas
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
CS_gas
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), CD40, phorbol ester, and inflammatory cytokine TNF and IL-1, which suggests a cytoprotective
BCL2-related_protein_A1
Protein found in humans
PMID 11334962. Högger P, Sorg C (November 2001). "Soluble CD163 inhibits phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte proliferation". Biochemical and Biophysical Research
CD163
Species of flowering plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Grains_of_paradise
Species of flowering plants in the cabbage family Brassicaceae
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Horseradish
Protein found in humans
M110861200. PMID 11823462. González MI, Bannerman PG, Robinson MB (July 2003). "Phorbol myristate acetate-dependent interaction of protein kinase Calpha and the
Excitatory amino acid transporter 3
Excitatory_amino_acid_transporter_3
American organic chemist (born 1977)
Concise Synthesis of (-)-Ingenol Nineteen-step total synthesis of (+)-phorbol Scalable Synthesis of (-)-Thapsigargin Divergent synthesis of thapsigargin
Phil_S._Baran
Spice from Cinnamomum trees
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Cinnamon
Euphorbiaceae All parts of this tree, including the fruit, contain toxic phorbol esters typical of the Euphorbiaceae. Specifically the tree contains
List_of_poisonous_plants
Chemical compound
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Vanillin
Topics referred to by the same term
acid, an aromatic acid and monomer used in many plastics Tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate), a tumor promoter drug Tissue-type
TPA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
activated RAS protein, and the RAS activation can be greatly enhanced by phorbol ester treatment, which suggested a role of this protein in diacylglycerol
RASGRP4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a
PRKCH
Chemical compound with a floral aroma
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Linalool
Topics referred to by the same term
Military Area, Australia para-Methoxyamphetamine, an amphetamine derivative Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a transient PKC stimulator Phosphomolybdic acid
PMA
Organic compound (H–CHO); simplest aldehyde
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Formaldehyde
Gene that has the potential to cause cancer
"Control of the expression of c-sis mRNA in human glioblastoma cells by phorbol ester and transforming growth factor beta 1". Cancer Research. 49 (11):
Oncogene
Minor cannabinoid
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Cannabigerol
Species of plant
described other Euphorbia species. In addition to a variety of irritant phorbol-type esters, the latex contains resiniferatoxin and tinyatoxin, two closely
Euphorbia_poissonii
Alkaloid responsible for the pungency of black pepper
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Piperine
Species of flowering plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Stevia_rebaudiana
Hereditary disease group
this test the respiratory burst of the neutrophils is stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), resulting in oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123
Chronic_granulomatous_disease
Species of plant
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Euphorbia_resinifera
Plant species in the mint family
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Monarda_fistulosa
Species of tree
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Camphora_officinarum
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
prostaglandins, growth factors, calcium, inflammatory cytokines, peptide hormones, phorbol esters, and neurotransmitters" and physical stimuli including "magnetic
Nuclear_receptor_4A1
Chinese spice
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Sichuan_pepper
Type of protein or peptide
PMC 3307308. PMID 22219191. Casciani, V; Marinoni, E (2008). "Opposite effect of phorbol ester PMA on PTGS2 and PGDH mRNA expression in human chorion trophoblast
Mitogen
Coagulation factor protein found in humans
"Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2: regulation of gene transcription during phorbol ester-mediated differentiation of U-937 human histiocytic lymphoma cells"
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2
Plasminogen_activator_inhibitor-2
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
kinases, a subfamily of protein kinase C. This kinase can be activated by phorbol esters as well as by gastrin via the cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR)
PRKD2
Biological system of neurotransmitters
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Endocannabinoid_system
Species of herb in the Acanthaceae family
Paclitaxel (Pacific yew) Paracetamol (acetaminophen) Phenylacetylrinvanil Phorbol esters (e.g., 4α-PDD) Piperine (black pepper, long pepper) Polygodial (Dorrigo
Andrographis_paniculata
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
Pericles, Prince of Tyre' A lord of Ephesus.
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish
English and Irish : variant of Duffin. The surname was taken to Ireland at the time of the Anglo-Norman invasion in the 12th century, and the original bearers of the name settled in County Galway.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Queen
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Broomfield.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, French, Hebrew, Irish, Scottish
Great Warrior; Who is Like God; Form of Michael Like God
Girl/Female
Muslim
Result of deeds, Way
Boy/Male
Italian American
Form of the Latin Marcellus meaning hammer.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Armenian, Assamese, Australian, Muslim
Pomegranate
Boy/Male
American, British, English
From the North Spring
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
King; Master of the Planet
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
PHORBOL
PHORBOL