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Maximum ground acceleration during an earthquake at a location
Peak ground acceleration (PGA) is equal to the maximum ground acceleration that occurred during earthquake shaking at a location. PGA is equal to the amplitude
Peak_ground_acceleration
Unit for measuring earthquakes
motion of a building or other structure in an earthquake than the peak ground acceleration value, although there is normally a correlation between [short
Spectral_acceleration
Italian territory is characterized by a precise ground acceleration value (Peak Ground Acceleration) as a function of a return time (ie a probabilistic
Seismic classification in Italy
Seismic_classification_in_Italy
7.3 earthquake in the San Joaquin Valley
estimating the peak ground acceleration of the shock based on visually evaluating precarious rock formations and other indicators. Ground disturbances that
1952_Kern_County_earthquake
Term for accelerations felt as weight in multiples of standard gravity
Earth's gravity Gravitational acceleration Gravitational interaction Hypergravity Load factor (aeronautics) Peak ground acceleration – g-force of earthquakes
G-force
International Standard
qualification levels (high, medium, low). The Zero Period Acceleration (ZPA) (a.k.a. Peak Ground Acceleration) for the high and the medium qualifications levels
IEEE_693
Earthquake probability in a specific area and time
structures included. Some maps released by the USGS are shown with peak ground acceleration with a 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years, measured in metre
Seismic_hazard
Earthquake in Los Angeles, California
Valley. The shock lasted approximately 8 seconds and achieved a peak ground acceleration of over 1.7 g. It is the largest recorded earthquake in the area's
1994_Northridge_earthquake
Seismic intensity scale used to quantify the degree of shaking during earthquakes
Heinrich Sieberg augmented them during 1912 and 1923, and indicated a peak ground acceleration for each degree. This became known as the "Mercalli–Cancani scale
Modified Mercalli intensity scale
Modified_Mercalli_intensity_scale
Fatal disaster in southern Japan
station in Mashiki recorded a peak ground acceleration of 0.705 g, while another station in Yatsushiro recorded a peak ground velocity of 94.26 cm (3.093 ft)/s
2026_Kumamoto_earthquake
Scientific instrument
computed. The simplest of which is peak ground acceleration (PGA). Other IMs include Arias intensity, peak ground velocity (PGV), for which the accelerogram
Accelerograph
Major earthquakes in the Turkey–Syria border region
intensity of X (Extreme). A peak ground acceleration of 1.62 g was recorded by a station at Fevzipaşa. The peak ground acceleration generally exceeded 0.5
2023_Turkey–Syria_earthquakes
Intensity of ground shaking during an earthquake
parts of the world: Earthquake engineering Peak ground acceleration Seismic performance Spectral acceleration Bormann, Wendt & Di Giacomo 2013, §3.1.2.1
Seismic_intensity_scales
of which, having a magnitude of mb 5.0, struck at 08:18 COT. A peak ground acceleration of 0.426987 g in the east-west vector was recorded at a seismic
2026_Colombia_earthquake
Earthquake impacting Myanmar and Thailand
recorded a vertical peak ground acceleration (pga) of 1.0656 g. The seismic installation recorded 0.6231 g in ground acceleration and 161.42 cm (63.55 in)
2025_Myanmar_earthquake
Earthquake shaking
simple peak ground velocity (PGV) provides the best correlation with damage. PGV merely expresses the peak of the first integration of the acceleration record
Strong_ground_motion
this structure in the days following the event. It also had a peak ground acceleration of 0.64 g. The second earthquake occurred at 00:51 UTC on 21 June
2000_Iceland_earthquakes
Along the northern coastal area of California
equipment at the facility provided data by which an estimate of the peak ground acceleration could be made. Near Cape Mendocino, the Mendocino triple junction
1980_Eureka_earthquake
Earthquake in Washington
with only damage to light fixtures and weather seals on cables. A peak ground acceleration of 0.204g was measured at Olympia. The damage and deaths in the
1965_Puget_Sound_earthquake
6.9-magnitude earthquake in eastern Turkey
(Violent) and EMS-98 intensity of IX (Destructive). The horizontal peak ground acceleration reached 0.5 g, which is near the 1 in 475 year maximum for the
1992_Erzincan_earthquake
Earthquake in Java, Indonesia
events in the 19th century and three in the 20th century, with peak ground acceleration values of 0.038–0.531g. The type and properties of sediment control
2006_Yogyakarta_earthquake
February 2011 earthquake in New Zealand
Initial measurement of peak ground acceleration (PGA) in central Christchurch exceeded 1.8 g (i.e. 1.8 times the acceleration of gravity), with the highest
2011_Christchurch_earthquake
Pressure of soil in horizontal direction
peak ground acceleration, suggesting k h = ( 1 / 2 ) P G A {\textstyle k_{h}=(1/2)PGA} (where P G A {\textstyle PGA} is the Peak Ground Acceleration)
Lateral_earth_pressure
Topics referred to by the same term
intensity scale, a measure of earthquake impact Peak ground acceleration, a measure of earthquake acceleration (g or m/s2) Sound intensity, sound power per
Intensity
Earthquake in Indonesia
southern Sulawesi. A maximum peak ground acceleration of 0.635 g was recorded at Kuwus district in West Manggarai, while a peak ground velocity of 46.9 cm (18
2026_Flores_earthquake
Earthquake affecting Greece
(Destructive). The horizontal peak ground acceleration reached 0.54 g and ground velocity peaked at 52 cm/s (20 in/s)—the strongest ground motion ever recorded
1995_Aigio_earthquake
Second most powerful earthquake in recorded history
000 km2) within Alaska.[citation needed] Studies of ground motion have led to a peak ground acceleration estimate of 0.14–0.18 g. The earthquake was assigned
1964_Alaska_earthquake
Magnitude 7.8 earthquake in the Philippines
Tawau, Semporna and other parts of Sabah in Malaysia. A maximum peak ground acceleration of 173.4 gal (0.177 g) was recorded by a BMKG seismic station at
2026_Mindanao_earthquake
Topics referred to by the same term
used in food products Prostaglandin of the A type Peak ground acceleration, measure of ground acceleration during an earthquake pga, ISO 639-3 language code
PGA
maximum ground acceleration in each zone using a deterministic or probabilistic approach. Instead, each zone factor represents the effective period peak ground
Earthquake_zones_of_India
Earthquake in India and Pakistan
Ahmedabad recorded a maximum peak ground acceleration of 0.11 g. Shaking from the earthquake lasted several minutes, with stronger ground motion lasting at least
2001_Gujarat_earthquake
Earthquake in Japan
Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale, shindo (震度, shindo). Peak ground acceleration readings were exceptionally high, with a maximum vector sum (3
2008 Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake
2008_Iwate–Miyagi_Nairiku_earthquake
Earthquake off the coast of Iwate Prefecture, Japan
01 cm/s (5.91 in/s) in ground velocity (pgv), while another installation at Morioka, Iwate recorded a peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.404 g. A foreshock
2026_Sanriku_earthquake
SI derived unit of acceleration
Acceleration can be measured in ratios to gravity, such as g-force, and peak ground acceleration in earthquakes. The "metre per second squared" symbol is encoded
Metre_per_second_squared
6.0 Mw earthquake
The highest recorded peak ground acceleration was 0.3g, at 15 km from the epicentre, with attenuation predicting 0.6g acceleration at the centre. The tremor
1999_Athens_earthquake
Street in Christchurch Central City, New Zealand
damaged, including parapets collapsing. The central city experienced peak ground acceleration (i.e. earthquake intensity) of between 15% and 20% of Earth's gravity
City_Mall,_Christchurch
Disabled nuclear power plant in Japan
2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. Unit 1 was designed for a peak ground acceleration of 0.18 g (1.74 m/s2) and a response spectrum based on the 1952
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Fukushima_Daiichi_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Romania Bulgarian Academy of Sciences seismic hazard map showing maximum acceleration for a repeat period of 475 years List of earthquakes in Romania List
List of earthquakes in Bulgaria
List_of_earthquakes_in_Bulgaria
7.4 magnitude earthquake in Taiwan
which felt intensities 2 to 3. At Taroko National Park, a maximum peak ground acceleration of 1,491.14 gal (1.52 g) was recorded by a CWB station. In China
2024_Hualien_earthquake
Active reverse faults have >20 km wide zones of peak ground acceleration (PGA) >0.6g (acceleration due to gravity) for a 10% probability of exceedance
List of earthquakes in the Philippines
List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Philippines
Earthquake in Japan
(Strong). A maximum peak ground acceleration of 0.52 g was recorded at Kurihara, Miyagi, while a station at Yamamoto recorded a peak velocity of 31 cm (12 in)/s
2005_Miyagi_earthquake
Response of a structure to oscillation
A response spectrum is a plot of the peak or steady-state response (displacement, velocity or acceleration) of a series of oscillators of varying natural
Response_spectrum
Minor earthquakes and tremors caused by human activity
earthquake engineering, ground shaking can be measured as peak ground velocity (PGV), peak ground acceleration (PGA) or spectral acceleration (SA) at a building's
Induced_seismicity
Earthquake in New Zealand
peak ground acceleration measured 0.4 g, at Christchurch Botanic Gardens. By contrast, the Mw 7.1 Darfield earthquake had peak ground accelerations in
December 2010 Christchurch earthquake
December_2010_Christchurch_earthquake
Magnitude 6.9 earthquake in the Philippines
Benjamin; Ramos, Noelynna; Dimalanta, Carla (2022). "High-Resolution Peak Ground Acceleration Modeling Using Geographic Information Systems: A Case Study of
2025_Cebu_earthquake
Nuclear power plant in Belgium
horizontal ground accelerations of up to 0.058 g and formed the design base for Doel 1 and 2. Doel 3 and 4 were designed for peak ground accelerations of 0
Doel_Nuclear_Power_Station
U.S. Geological Survey earthquake mapping and tracking system
Worden, C. Bruce (August 1999). "TriNet "ShakeMaps": Rapid Generation of Peak Ground Motion and Intensity Maps for Earthquakes in Southern California". Earthquake
ShakeMap
Scales to describe earthquake strength
Johnston 1996. Peak ground velocity (PGV) and peak ground acceleration (PGA) are measures of the force that causes destructive ground shaking. In Japan
Seismic_magnitude_scales
Japanese earthquake measurements
the value, the more intense the shaking. Values are derived from ground acceleration and duration of the shaking, which are themselves influenced by factors
Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale
Japan_Meteorological_Agency_seismic_intensity_scale
1999 earthquake in north-central Turkey
seismometer about 4 km from the epicentre, with a peak ground acceleration of 147.80%g and a peak ground velocity of 113.02 cm/sec. A surface rupture of
1999_Düzce_earthquake
the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in terms of peak ground acceleration with a 10% chance of being exceeded (or a 90% chance of not being
List_of_earthquakes_in_Egypt
Seismic fault in Southern California
000 years. Scenarios modeling a magnitude 6.9 earthquake predict peak ground acceleration will reach 0.55 g in San Diego, and 0.35 g in Tijuana. Downtown
Rose_Canyon_Fault
Earthquake in New Zealand
(severe) or VII (very strong) at a maximum. A peak ground acceleration of 0.27g (0.27 times the acceleration of Earth's gravity) was measured in St Clair
1974_Dunedin_earthquake
Destructive tectonic event in Indonesia
Maumere Port, where it caused "extensive damage". A peak ground acceleration of 1.0860 g and a peak ground velocity of 116.03 cm/s were observed. In total
1992 Flores earthquake and tsunami
1992_Flores_earthquake_and_tsunami
Power station in Belgium
by the Royal Observatory of Belgium predicted earthquakes with peak ground acceleration of up to 0.21g every 10,000 years. The design was subsequently
Tihange_Nuclear_Power_Station
Large earthquake in Greece
modeling approach to compute the synthetic ground motion for the event. As a result, PGA (peak ground acceleration) values of 0.75 g at most was computed
1995 Kozani–Grevena earthquake
1995_Kozani–Grevena_earthquake
recorded by a seismometer. Over 100,000 people were evacuated to higher ground in the state of Hawai'i. Noted, magnitudes are reported on the moment magnitude
List of earthquakes in the United States
List_of_earthquakes_in_the_United_States
Earthquake in Chile
locations spread from the epicenter westwards towards the trench. A peak ground acceleration of 0.17 g was recorded by the only working seismometer in the area
1971_Aconcagua_earthquake
Earthquake affecting North Island, New Zealand
aftershocks were recorded, ranging between magnitudes 2.0 and 4.9. A peak ground acceleration of 0.26 g was recorded at Woodville, with 0.2 g being recorded
2014_Eketāhuna_earthquake
Severe off-shore earthquake near Fukushima, Japan
A peak ground acceleration of 1,233 gal was recorded at Kawasaki, Miyagi. Class IV was assigned to northern Miyagi on the JMA long period ground motion
2022_Fukushima_earthquake
Earthquake in New Zealand
Needles faults. A peak ground acceleration of 3.23 g was measured in Waiau, which was considered the second highest peak ground acceleration ever in the world
2016_Kaikōura_earthquake
Largest impact crater on 433 Eros
event would have shaken the entire asteroid, with the modelled peak ground acceleration exceeding that of Eros's surface gravity up to 134 kilometres (83
Himeros_(crater)
Earthquake in Kerman province, Iran
north of Zarand, killing at least 584 people. The maximum recorded peak ground acceleration was 0.51 g at Shirinrud dam. The earthquake was followed by about
2005_Zarand_earthquake
large earthquake hits the Levantine littoral. Acre is badly damaged 1068 – ground-rupturing event in Wadi Arabah. Ramla was totally destroyed and lay abandoned
List of earthquakes in the Levant
List_of_earthquakes_in_the_Levant
Earthquake in southwestern Mexico
Tecomán, and VI (Strong) in Mexico City; in the latter location, a peak ground acceleration of 0.045 g. Tremors in Mexico were felt as far away as the states
2003_Colima_earthquake
Earthquake in South Asia
strong–Severe) was determined in the areas south of Muzaffarabad. A maximum peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.231 g was recorded at Abbottabad. The maximum intensity
2005_Kashmir_earthquake
Nuclear power plant in Niigata Prefecture, Japan
offshore earthquake, which took place 10:13 a.m., 16 July 2007. Peak ground acceleration of 6.8 m/s2 (0.69 g) was recorded in Unit 1 in the east–west direction
Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant
Kashiwazaki-Kariwa_Nuclear_Power_Plant
Earthquake in California, US
captured on 13 strong motion instruments. A maximum (free field) peak ground acceleration of 0.13 g was recorded in Golden Gate Park and .18 g was recorded
1957_San_Francisco_earthquake
Earthquake in Japan
Kōzushima, Tokyo. A maximum peak ground acceleration of 832 gal (0.85 g) was recorded at Saeki-ku, Hiroshima; strong ground motions from the earthquake
2001_Geiyo_earthquake
Earthquake in Iran
seismologists determined the type and extent of the slip as well as the peak ground acceleration. Other large and destructive earthquakes have affected Semnan Province
2010_Damghan_earthquake
Magnitude 7.1 earthquake in Mexico
earthquake, acceleration/velocity/displacement seismograms at UNAM showed about 20 seconds of strong shaking with a period of ≈1 second. SSN reported a peak ground
2017_Puebla_earthquake
Earthquake in Japan
to 6.9. The earthquake had a maximum three-component vector sum peak ground acceleration of 1,304 cm/s2 (1.33 g). It occurred in a big seismic gap. Shaking
2007_Noto_earthquake
statically applying some horizontal inertia forces, based on scaled peak ground accelerations, to a mathematical model of a building. With the further development
Earthquake_simulation
the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in terms of peak ground acceleration with a 10% chance of being exceeded (or a 90% chance of not being
List of earthquakes in Romania
List_of_earthquakes_in_Romania
Earthquake in Greece
recorded a maximum peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.27 g in the horizontal component and 0.368 g in the vertical component. Ground motion in excess of
1986_Kalamata_earthquake
Strong earthquake in Victoria, Australia
United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 21 September 2021. "Peak Ground Acceleration Map" (PDF). Earthquake@GA. Geoscience Australia. Retrieved 3 June
2021_Mansfield_earthquake
Damaging earthquake centered in Tainan City, Taiwan
Counties, as well as in Chiayi City. At Dapu, Chiayi, a maximum peak ground acceleration of 2,104.96 gal (2.15 g) was recorded by a CWB station. By 30 January
2025_Tainan–Chiayi_earthquake
Earthquake in Iran
Baravat and V (Moderate) at Kerman. Bam also recorded a maximum peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.98 g. It is believed to be the largest earthquake to
2003_Bam_earthquake
Earthquake near the northern Moroccan coast
Kamara and the town of Imzouren; the latter town recorded a maximum peak ground acceleration of 0.24 g. At least 631 people were killed, 926 others were injured
2004_Al_Hoceima_earthquake
Map of seismic hazard in Texas as of 2014[update], as determined using the peak ground acceleration with 2% probability of exceedance in 50 years
List_of_earthquakes_in_Texas
Earthquake in South Korea
seismograph installed nearby epicenter of this earthquake measured peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 0.58 g; Due to Pohang's poor subsoil area, seismic wave
2017_Pohang_earthquake
Underground passage made for traffic
safety and stability of shallow tunnels. Damage may be related to peak ground acceleration and velocity based on the magnitude and epicentral distance of
Tunnel
Earthquake in Japan
(Strong-Very strong). A peak ground acceleration of 2,515 gal (2.56 g) was recorded in Kawaguchi, Niigata, with an acceleration of 1,500 gal (1.53 g) recorded
2004_Chūetsu_earthquake
choices are the peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity or Arias intensity, but the most widely used is the 5%-damped spectral acceleration at the first-mode
Incremental_dynamic_analysis
County in California, United States
of estimating the peak ground acceleration of the shock based on visually evaluating rock formations and other indicators. Ground disturbances that were
Kern_County,_California
Uncommon earthquake near Liège, Belgium
strike-slip fault, with a focal depth of 14 km. The estimated peak ground acceleration near the epicenter was between 0.13 and 0.20 g. The total cost
1983_Liège_earthquake
7.0 magnitude earthquake and tsunami affecting Turkey and Greece
on land. The earthquake achieved a peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.27 g in Samos. Weaker ground acceleration was recorded at 0.1 g in İzmir, however
2020_Aegean_Sea_earthquake
Earthquake in Crete, Greece
and Earthquake Engineering (ITSAK), the instrumentally recorded peak ground acceleration (pga) was 0.82 g in Arkalochori. This exceeded the building codes
2021_Arkalochori_earthquake
Earthquake in Kocaeli Province, Turkey
with horizontal displacements of up to 7.5 m (25 ft). The maximum observed ground motion was 0.45 g. The earthquake lasted 35–45 seconds according to various
1999_İzmit_earthquake
Earthquake in Peru
observed in an area immediately southeast of the epicenter. The peak ground acceleration was calculated at 309 mm (12.2 in) per second-squared in Satipo
1947_Satipo_earthquake
Megathrust earthquake off the coast of central Chile
Cobquecura were also raised by up to 3 meters. The maximum recorded peak ground acceleration was at Concepcion, with a value of 0.65 g (6.38 m/s2). The locality
2010_Chile_earthquake
Earthquake off Japan
transition to aseismic creep on the plate interface. The maximum peak ground acceleration recorded was 0.125g. There was a foreshock of magnitude Mj 5.8
1978_Miyagi_earthquake
plants were shaken by earthquakes that far exceeded the maximum peak ground acceleration used in their design. The tsunami that followed the 2011 Tōhoku
Nuclear_power_in_Japan
Earthquake in Japan
than is produced by quakes that are deeper within the Earth. The peak ground acceleration generated was 993 gal (1.01 g). Two days after the initial earthquake
2007 Chūetsu offshore earthquake
2007_Chūetsu_offshore_earthquake
Earthquake in Abruzzo, Italy
Bibcode:2011GeoJI.186..837A. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05069.x. "Table 3 Peak ground acceleration (PGA), Velocity (PGV) and Displacement". Alexander, D.E. (2010)
2009_L'Aquila_earthquake
Earthquake in Japan
extension along the deeper part of the downgoing Pacific plate. A peak ground acceleration of up to 922 cm/s² was recorded at Kushiro that lasted 30 seconds
1993_Kushiro_earthquake
1917 earthquake in Central America
and Quezaltepeque experienced the greatest impact. Modelling of peak ground acceleration from a simulated earthquake on the Guaycume Fault also indicated
1917_San_Salvador_earthquake
Earthquake in Turkey
Afyonkarahisar city recorded 0.1157 g in peak ground acceleration (pga) and 40.41 cm/s (15.9 in/s) in ground velocity; the station data corresponded to
2002_Afyon_earthquake
Earthquake in northern Chile
and IV–V (Light–Moderate) in Arequipa and Tacna, Peru. A maximum peak ground acceleration (pga) of 0.792 g was recorded at Pica. The earthquake killed 11
2005_Tarapacá_earthquake
Earthquake in North Carolina, U.S.
assigned a maximum Modified Mercalli intensity of VI–VII and its peak ground acceleration exceeded 0.2 g. More than 80,000 people reported shaking from the
2020_Sparta_earthquake
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