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Culture preserved through speech or song
Oral tradition, or oral lore, is a form of human communication in which knowledge, art, beliefs, ideas and culture are received, preserved, and transmitted
Oral_tradition
Oral stage in the formation of the gospels
Oral gospel traditions is the hypothetical first stage in the formation of the written gospels as information was passed by word of mouth. These oral
Oral_gospel_traditions
Passing information orally from person to person
up. Oral tradition is cultural material and traditions transmitted by word of mouth through successive generations. Storytelling and oral tradition are
Word_of_mouth
Debate over Homer's identity and authorship of the Iliad and Odyssey
acknowledge the spirit of oral tradition. As Albert Lord notes in his book The Singer of Tales, poets within an oral tradition, as was Homer, tend to create
Homeric_Question
Ethnic groups who speak the Mande languages
due to their role in preserving oral tradition. Kela school, the most notable, is vital in perpetuating oral tradition. Because of their strong work, the
Mandé_peoples
Supreme god of the Fang people of the Central African Republic
strength; Mbere with leadership, and Nkwa with beauty. According to oral tradition, Mebege is the Creator God. He was originally alone in the universe
Mebege
Spoken or sung literature
Humanity National epic Oral poetry Oral history Oral Literature and Research Programme Oral tradition Oral-formulaic composition Orality Palestinian hikaye
Oral_literature
Practices not in the Written Torah
history and narrative. According to Rabbinic Jewish tradition, the Oral Torah was passed down orally in an unbroken chain from generation to generation
Oral_Torah
Tribal confederation living in Morocco
brown, yellow and white are the most common colours. Today, the oral poetic tradition of the Jbala is known among outsiders under the generic term ayta
Jebala_people
rich history of oral tradition in Africa - Right for Education". 4 July 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2023. "Importance of Oral Tradition in Nigeria's History"
Culture_of_Nigeria
History of the Trojan War told in poems
period. The Epic Cycle was the distillation, in literary form, of an oral tradition that had developed during the Greek Dark Age, which was based in part
Epic_Cycle
American theologist and linguist (1930–2016)
Understanding the Oral Tradition. Fortress Press. pp. 73, 83–84, 110. ISBN 978-1451469400. Dunn, James (2009). "Kenneth Bailey's Theory of Oral Tradition: Critiquing
Kenneth_E._Bailey
Epic poem attributed to Homer
Iliad and the Odyssey were composed independently, as part of long oral traditions. Given widespread illiteracy, the poem was performed for an audience
Odyssey
Long-existing custom or belief
The phrase "according to tradition" or "by tradition" usually means that what follows is known only through oral tradition and is not supported (and
Tradition
1960 book by Albert Lord
The Singer of Tales is a book by Albert Lord that formulates oral tradition as a theory of literary composition and its applications to Homeric and medieval
The_Singer_of_Tales
Native American explorer (c.1788 – 1812)
and her wind-swept grave." The Hidatsa people maintain a detailed oral tradition that Sacagawea was a member of their tribe who lived until 1869. This
Sacagawea
Expressive culture shared by particular groups
a particular group of people, culture or subculture. This includes oral traditions such as tales, legends, proverbs, poems, and jokes. This also includes
Folklore
Form of poetry that tells a story
sagas include both incidental poetry and the biographies of poets. The oral tradition is the predecessor of essentially all other modern forms of communication
Narrative_poetry
First major written collection of the Oral Torah
the first written collection of the Jewish oral traditions. These oral traditions are known as the "Oral Torah", to differentiate them from the (written)
Mishnah
Mythological character in Cambodia
Cambodian Royal Chronicles were inspired from oral traditions of Pursat, which in turn the oral traditions were influenced by the Royal Chronicles resulting
Khleang_Moeung
Study of any Homeric topic, especially the Iliad and Odyssey
Homeric epic with a living oral tradition of epic poetry. In the 1930s and 1950s he and Lord recorded thousands of hours of oral performance of epic poetry
Homeric_scholarship
Genre of storytelling that involves heroic humans
preserved orally through many generations often takes on a more narrative-based or mythological form over time, an example being the oral traditions of the
Legend
State of being oral
(especially writing and print). The study of orality is closely allied to the study of oral tradition. The term "orality" has been used in a variety of ways,
Orality
Journal
Oral Tradition is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1986 by John Miles Foley covering studies in oral tradition and related fields. As well
Oral_Tradition_(journal)
Topics referred to by the same term
Oral transmission, literally meaning "passing by mouth", may refer to: Oral tradition of stories, texts, music, laws and other cultural elements Oral
Oral_transmission
Japanese yōkai with elongating neck
stretched due to her "heart becoming loose". Rokurokobi also appear in the oral tradition of Japanese myths. For example, there is a myth about an old highway
Rokurokubi
literature, music, dance, oral tradition, idioms (popularly known as Caliche), and other related concepts. Salvadoran oral tradition includes legends and stories
Salvadoran_folklore
Epic poem attributed to Homer
were composed independently, and whether they survived via an oral or also written tradition. The poem's formulae, use of similes, and epithets are often
Iliad
History taken verbally and recorded or transcribed
study of oral tradition or traditional oral history due to the source receiving the information aurally. It is believed that the term oral history originates
Oral_history
Written work of art
depended completely or partially on an oral tradition, across various cultures: The Judeo-Christian Bible reveals its oral traditional roots; medieval European
Literature
fiction, and into poetry, moving from what was basically an oral tradition into a written tradition.” Silko gives readers further insight into her writing
Storyteller_(Silko_book)
of Benin area during the thirteenth century. The name associated in oral traditions with this period of renewal is Eweka I. Yet, Eweka I's ambition to
Kingdom_of_Ugu
Ethnic group from Arusha Region of Tanzania
telling of Hadza's oral history divides their past into four epochs, each inhabited by a different culture. According to this tradition, at the beginning
Hadza_people
Form of poetry
Ethnopoetics Folk poetry Rapping Oral tradition Poetry reading Sound poetry Spoken word Rubin, David C. Memory in Oral Traditions: The Cognitive Psychology of
Oral_poetry
1613 Treaty between the Haudenosaunee Confederacy and Dutch Government
peoples in the relevant territories, and documented by wampum belts and oral tradition. However, in more recent years the authenticity of the later, written
Two_Row_Wampum_Treaty
Old English epic poem
composition. Rather, given the implications of the theory of oral-formulaic composition and oral tradition, the question concerns how the poem is to be understood
Beowulf
Shared beliefs and ideas in society
consciousness in terms of forms of media, specifically collective oral and literary traditions. "Current discourse analysis drifts away from the 'culturalist
Collective_consciousness
oral traditions of the Soninke people encompass narrative traditions such as oral history, epics, and folktales, along with non-narrative traditions such
Oral traditions of the Soninke people
Oral_traditions_of_the_Soninke_people
Austronesian ethnic group of Indonesia
architectural elements. Minangkabau culture has a long history of oral traditions. One is the pidato adat (ceremonial orations) which are performed by
Minangkabau_people
Storyteller, singer, or musician of oral tradition in West Africa
of communicating stories and history orally, which is an African tradition. Instead of writing history books, oral historians tell stories of the past
Griot
Phrase denoting before memory or record
phrase meaning time extending beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition, indefinitely ancient, "ancient beyond memory or record". The phrase is
Time_immemorial
Ancient Greek poet
1002/9781444350302.wbhe1488. Edwards, Mark W. (1992). "Homer and Oral Tradition: The Type-Scene". Oral Tradition. 7: 284–330. Archived from the original on 24 August
Homer
histories of Africa. Most African societies recorded their history via oral tradition, resulting in a lack of written records documenting events before European
African_historiography
Lengthy poem dealing with supernatural forces
shape to the mortal universe for their descendants. With regard to oral tradition, epic poems consist of formal speech and are usually learnt word for
Epic_poetry
Indian folk heroes
Britishers at that time. Gangu Baba readily accepted. According to oral traditions of Dalits in the villages near Bithoor, he alone killed 150 British
Gangu_Baba
1950 book by Harold Innis
empires of Egypt and Babylonia. It also looks at the oral tradition in ancient Greece; the written tradition and the Roman Empire; the influence of parchment
Empire_and_Communications
Indigenous people of southwestern British Columbia, Canada
historically transmitted by oral tradition from generation to generation without a writing system. Today oral tradition continues to be a fundamental
Squamish_people
Naturally occurring ring or arc of mushrooms
Robin (1997) [1991]. "Fairylore: Memorates and Legends from Welsh Oral Tradition". In Narváez, Peter (ed.). The Good People: New Fairylore Essays. Lexington:
Fairy_ring
Epic of early Irish literature
related." Various versions of the epic have been collected from the oral tradition over the centuries since the earliest accounts were written down. A
Táin_Bó_Cúailnge
Book by Judah Halevi
oral tradition in the Mishnah and Talmud. Halevi shows that there is no means of carrying out the precepts without having recourse to oral tradition;
Kuzari
Stringed instrument from West Africa
detail about the instruments for them to be identifiable. Mandinka oral tradition preserves several legends of the origin of the kora, but all of them
Kora_(instrument)
1979 book by Mazisi Kunene
Emperor Shaka the Great is an epic poem based on the Zulu oral tradition, compiled in Zulu then translated by South African poet Mazisi Kunene and published
Emperor_Shaka_the_Great
Techniques used by historians
"Informed Controlled Oral Tradition and the Synoptic Gospels", Asia Journal of Theology [1991], 34–54. Compare Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy. Gottschalk
Historical_method
Indigenous ethnic group of eastern North America
all of Mi'kmaq traditions were passed down orally, primarily via storytelling. There were traditionally three levels of oral traditions: religious narratives
Mi'kmaq
Dzana is a sacred cultural tradition among the Nupe people of Nigeria, historically transmitted through oral traditions since at least the 15th century
Dzana
Texts central to a religion's tradition
all religious traditions rely on written texts. In many cultures, religious teachings are preserved and passed on through oral traditions such as storytelling
Religious_text
Ethnic group in Cameroon
great artists, artisans and storytellers. Once a nomadic people, some oral traditions trace the origin of the Tikar people to the Nile River Valley in present-day
Tikar_people
German biblical scholar, Old Testament professor, and Lutheran theologian
Along with Martin Noth, he applied research into the Pentateuch's oral tradition to the explanation of its origin. In 1960, von Rad traveled to the United
Gerhard_von_Rad
African-American oral tradition. It manifests in worship in what is commonly referred to as the "amen corner". In direct contrast to the tradition present in
History of African-American culture
History_of_African-American_culture
Examples of oral repositories Oral repositories are people who have been trusted with mentally recording information constituting oral tradition within a
List_of_oral_repositories
Metallic-looking mask traditionally worn by Muslim women
tribe the creators of the Battoulah (or burqa’). According to bedouin oral tradition, A father was preparing to marry his daughter off to a man she did not
Battoulah
Oba of Benin (1334–1370)
and was succeeded by his eldest son, Egbeka. Historical writings, oral traditions, and ritual performances associate Ohen's reign with palace conflict
Ohen
Ruler of Mali from c. 1312 to c. 1337
of Mali's power and prestige, although he features less in Mandinka oral traditions than his predecessors. Musa was exceptionally wealthy, to an extent
Mansa_Musa
Nigerian author and literary critic (1930–2013)
A titled Igbo chief himself, his style relies heavily on the Igbo oral tradition, and combines straightforward narration with representations of folk
Chinua_Achebe
18th century social commentary
stanza form in 1821. The poem has had an enduring presence in English oral tradition, being often quoted or referenced in discussions and debates around
The_Goose_and_the_Common
Native American tribal judge
He was critical of the "white man's" tradition of writing. Four Guns was known for justifying the oral tradition and was critical of the written word
Four_Guns
Indigenous people of modern Connecticut
centuries, Mohegan people have maintained their cultural continuity through oral tradition, community life, spiritual practice, and language preservation efforts
Mohegan
Debate on the factuality of the Homeric canon
remembered the event only through the distortion of four centuries of oral tradition. In Ancient Greece, the Trojan War was generally regarded as a historical
Historicity_of_the_Iliad
Tradition between the storyteller and their audience
Oral storytelling is the human activity and tradition of intimate storytelling, dating back before ancient times, in which a speaker verbally relates
Oral_storytelling
knowledge. "Buddha's teachings were passed down in an unbroken chain of oral tradition for four centuries until they were committed to writing in Sri Lanka
External_memory_(psychology)
American academic (1902–1935)
December 3, 1935) was an American Classicist. A pioneer in the study of oral tradition, his theories on the origin of Homeric epics have revolutionized Homeric
Milman_Parry
Tibeto-Burman ethnic group in north-east India
Chindwin, and the Irrawaddy into the Indian subcontinent and Burma. Karbi oral tradition holds that the community once occupied the lowland plains along the
Karbi_people
Legendary giant bird from Washoe (Wašiw) folklore that inhabited Lake
and wings longer than the tallest pine trees. According to Washoe oral tradition, the Ong inhabited the waters of Lake Tahoe (Wašiw: Da ow aga), where
Ong_(Washoe_folklore)
Polity in the Congo Basin
'empire' status is pending on further archaeological research. Boma oral traditions collected in 1926 account how the Boma came to the region fleeing their
Mwene_Muji
Code of conduct transmitted by oral tradition
behaviour is transmitted by oral tradition and effectively respected. Many cultures and traditions have maintained oral law, while most contemporary
Oral_law
Legendary Serbian knight
Jelka Ređep notes that Obilić's legend significantly evolved through oral tradition, reflecting Serbian cultural ideals of heroism, loyalty and sacrifice
Miloš_Obilić
New Testament gospels as historical documents
Synoptics. The Gospels are commonly seen as literature that is based on oral traditions, Christian preaching, and Old Testament exegesis, with the consensus
Historicity_of_the_Gospels
Tibeto-Burman ethnic group of Arunachal Pradesh
been an oral people without a script of their own until the twentieth century. Their history is preserved primarily through oral traditions: the Abangs
Adi_people
question of if and how Anglo-Saxon poetry was passed down through an oral tradition remains a subject of debate, and the question for any particular poem
Oral-formulaic theory in Anglo-Saxon poetry
Oral-formulaic_theory_in_Anglo-Saxon_poetry
Highlander tribe of Montenegro
Johann Georg von Hahn recorded the oral tradition about Piperi's origins in the mid 19th century. The same oral tradition with minor variations is preserved
Piperi_(tribe)
Polynesian language spoken in Tuvalu
Tuvaluan does not have a longstanding written tradition, there is a considerable corpus of oral traditions that is also found in the music of Tuvalu, which
Tuvaluan_language
Ethnic group in West Africa
Timbuktu, Kumbu, Diala, and Diadom were not commonly known in Bono oral tradition and were only recognized by people familiar with Meyerowitz's ideas
Akan_people
Khmer folktale
peace and harmony to the kingdom. Khmer folklore has a rich and varied oral tradition. There are many popular legends, tales and songs of ancient origin about
Vorvong_and_Sorvong
Scheduled tribe in Odisha, India
Marathi and Chhattisgarhi. However, S.C. Dubey, analyzing the myth and oral tradition of Chhattisgarh, considers the Bhunjia as a branch of Halbas of Baster
Bhunjia
History of an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670
about pre-Imperial Mali is based on oral tradition collected since the late nineteenth century. Much of the tradition focuses on the "Epic of Sunjata" a
History_of_the_Mali_Empire
14th-century ruler of the Mali Empire
is not mentioned by other medieval Arab historians or West African oral tradition. Nonetheless, the possibility of such a voyage has been taken seriously
Mansa_Muhammad
Festival of the people of Winneba
tradition to their descendants in the form of songs, and sang it in their war chants and also told it during moonlit nights in story form. This oral tradition
Aboakyer_festival
Set of legal norms
entirely on oral tradition. Legal systems are classified in many different ways. One popular classification divides them into the civil law tradition, common
Legal_system
across the world. The oral word is revered in most African cultures, and history has predominantly been passed down through oral tradition. In the 4th and 3rd
History_of_Africa
Arabic folk tale
van Leewen suggest that, despite oral variants deriving from its literary source, an "independent strand" of tradition may have existed. In the same vein
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves
Ali_Baba_and_the_Forty_Thieves
Legendary empire in the African Great Lakes region
significant parts of western Uganda and is regularly mentioned in the oral traditions of the Banyoro, Batooro, and Banyankole. Many accounts of the history
Empire_of_Kitara
Indian folklore clan
oral tradition and regional histories identify pulayar as the principal practitioners of odividya. The story of Odiyan was popularized through oral tradition
Odiyan_clan
Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke
oral relationship or a dependence emphasizing memory and tradents in a tradition rather than simple copying. The Gospels represent a Jesus tradition and
Synoptic_Gospels
Dreamtime and other mythology. Reverence and respect for the land and oral traditions are emphasised. The words "law" and "lore", the latter relating to
Australian_Aboriginal_culture
Class of poets in Ireland and Scotland
– including its hierarchy of chieftains, sub-kings and kings – the oral tradition was an important means of communicating current news and historical
Filí
American literary scholar (1947–2012)
oral tradition, particularly medieval and Old English literature, Homer and Serbian epic. He was the founder of the academic journal Oral Tradition and
John_Miles_Foley
Temple in Punjab, India
spot and visitors to Chandigarh can be guided to visit the temple. The oral tradition of the temple of Mata Jayanti Devi goes back about 550 years to the
Jayanti_Devi_Temple
Topics referred to by the same term
developmental psychology Oral tradition, cultural material and tradition transmitted orally from one generation to another Oralism, the education of deaf
Oral
Priest who made Hawaii's first heiau
person who actually existed or was only in the legend. According to the oral tradition of genealogy of the kahuna (priest) at Moʻokini Heiau, located in the
Kuamoʻo_Moʻokini
American academic (1912–1991)
Cornell Univ. Press, 1991) Albert B. Lord, "Oral Composition and 'Oral Residue' in the Middle Ages", in Oral Tradition in the Middle Ages, ed. W. F. H. Nicolaisen
Albert_Lord
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