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Ethnic group in Russia
Murmansk Finns or Kola Finns (Finnish: Muurmanninsuomalaiset, Kuolansuomalaiset) are a group of Finns who live or lived in Murmansk Oblast. They came
Murmansk_Finns
Subgroup of the Finnish people
Savolaksfinner (Savonian Finns), Rugfinner (Rye Finns) from their major crop, or notably Svedjefinner (Slash-and-burn Finns). The people themselves often
Forest_Finns
Ethnicity in Finland and Russia
and W (5.6 %). Siberian Finns Kola Norwegians Karelians Tornedalians Skogfinner Sweden Finns Finland-Swedes Kvens Murmansk Finns Finnish: inkeriläiset,
Ingrian_Finns
Finnish-speaking national minority in Sweden
national minority of Sweden Finns usually does not include immigrated Finland-Swedes, and the national minority of Sweden Finns is protected by Swedish laws
Sweden_Finns
Tribe of the Finnish people
inhabited by Finns proper. Later, the meaning of these names expanded to refer to the whole area of modern Finland. Earlier, the name Finn meant Sami people
Finns_proper
Ethnic group
karjalaiset, IPA: [ˈkɑrjɑˌlɑi̯set]), also known as Finnish Karelians or Karelian Finns, are a subgroup (heimo) of the Finnish people, traditionally living in Finnish
Karelians_(Finns)
Subgroup of the Finnish people
savolaiset; Savonian: savolaaset, savolaeset), or Savo Finns, are a subgroup (heimo) of Finns who live in the areas of the historical province of Savonia
Savonian_people
Ethnic group in North America
Findians descend from Finns that emigrated to the United States from Finland from 1860 to 1924 and the Ojibwe. When the Ojibwe and Finns met, they taught each
Findians
Tribe of the Finnish people
The Tavastians or Häme Finns (Finnish: hämäläiset; Swedish: Tavaster) were an ancient Finnish tribe that inhabited the historical province of Tavastia
Tavastians
White-dominated Northern Finland to Soviet Russia and of some Finns working on the Murmansk Railroad. The Legion, along with British troops, fought off
Murmansk_Legion
Russian lawyer, activist and writer (born 1979)
political activist, and writer, best known for her documentary book about Murmansk Finns and Kola Norwegians repressed in the Soviet Union. She is a member of
Agnessa_Haikara
Balto-Finnic ethnic group
of Finnish as the de-facto ethnic language for the Kvens/Finns. In this regard, the Kven Finn Association has started a grant for young students in high
Kvens
First-level administrative division of Russia
of Murmansk as an ice-free supply port. As of 2010, Murmansk had 307,257 (2010 census), people – nearly 40% of the oblast's population. Many Finns also
Murmansk_Oblast
Romani subgroup in Finland
from the traditional dress worn by the ethnic Finn women. Until the turn of the 20th century, Kaale and Finn women dressed much alike in blouses, long skirts
Finnish_Roma
1941 World War II military operation
Operation Silver Fox (German: Silberfuchs; Finnish: Hopeakettu) or the Murmansk operation (Russian: Мурманская операция) from 29 June to 17 November 1941
Operation_Silver_Fox
Russian Finnish painter and writer (1924–2008)
regions of undesirables. In his books he described the experience of Murmansk Finns. He was one of the three persons presented in the documentary Historian
Sven_Lokka
Hostility, prejudice, discrimination or racism against Finland and Finnish culture
Ingrian Finns were heavily persecuted in Soviet Russia, including being subject to forced deportations, and a genocide. 8,000–25,000 Finns were killed
Anti-Finnish_sentiment
National minority group of Sweden
Swedish terms byfinne (pl. byfinnar, lit. 'village Finns') and lappfinne (pl. lappfinnar, lit. 'Sámi Finns') have historically been used to describe the Meänkieli-speaking
Tornedalians
Finnish ethnic group
'Rear Bothnians') or Lappilaiset (lit. 'Laplanders') are a subgroup of Finns who traditionally speak Peräpohjola dialects of Finnish and live in the
Peräpohjalaiset
List of European ethnic groups
Ingrian Finns, Savonians, Tavastians, Finns proper, Ostrobothnians, Peräpohjalaiset, Finnish Karelians, Finland Swedes, Kainuu, and Murmansk Finns, along
List of contemporary ethnic groups of Europe
List_of_contemporary_ethnic_groups_of_Europe
Attempt by Finnish volunteers to annex White Karelia in 1918
impossible, and only the eventual withdrawal of the defending Red Finns allowed the White Finns to advance a small distance, until the troops mutinied again
Viena_expedition
Yupik who live near the Bering Strait
Scots Bukharan Jews Crimean Karaites Dungans Setos Finns Ingrian Finns Murmansk Finns Siberian Finns Gagauz Georgians Adjarians Ingiloy Laz Mingrelians
Siberian_Yupik
Subgroup of the Finnish people
painter and writer Juha Väätäinen, athlete Niilo Yli-Vainio, preacher Finns proper Tavastians "Suomen heimojen peruspiirteet". Turun Sanomat (in Finnish)
Ostrobothnians
Swedish-speaking Finns. To be included in this list, the person must have a Wikipedia article showing they are a Swedish-speaking Finn or must have references
List of Swedish-speaking Finns
List_of_Swedish-speaking_Finns
Peninsula in the northwest of Russia
largest peninsulas of Europe. Constituting the bulk of the territory of Murmansk Oblast, it lies almost completely inside the Arctic Circle and is bordered
Kola_Peninsula
Chukotkan ethnic group of Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Scots Bukharan Jews Crimean Karaites Dungans Setos Finns Ingrian Finns Murmansk Finns Siberian Finns Gagauz Georgians Adjarians Ingiloy Laz Mingrelians
Alyutors
Ethnic group in Japan and Russia
Scots Bukharan Jews Crimean Karaites Dungans Setos Finns Ingrian Finns Murmansk Finns Siberian Finns Gagauz Georgians Adjarians Ingiloy Laz Mingrelians
Ainu_people
Autonomous republic of the Russian SFSR (1923–1940, 1956–1991)
promising to exile Finns from Petrozavodsk in his inaugural speech and commencing a purge of Finnish and Karelian personnel. At least 9,100 Finns were sentenced
Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Karelian_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic
1941 campaign by German and Finnish forces against Soviet defenses at Salla, Finland
the canal. On 7 August, the Finns captured Kestenga after fierce fighting. Reacting to the Finnish advance on the Murmansk railway, the Soviets transferred
Operation_Arctic_Fox
Ethnic group in Russia
Russo-Norwegian pidgin Pomors, coastal Russian settlers Bjarmaland Murmansk Finns "Kolanordmenn - Slekt og Data". 7 August 2018. Retrieved 23 January
Kola_Norwegians
Group of dialects of Finnish
standard Finnish projekti. Peräpohjola North Ostrobothnian dialects Murmansk Finns "Peräpohjalaismurteiden alue". Archived from the original on 2007-09-27
Peräpohjola_dialects
Finnish journalist
Finnish Civil War. He later served as a lieutenant in the British organized Murmansk Legion and the Estonian Army. August Anselm Wesslin was born in the industrial
August_Wesley
Mass repressions against Finns in the Soviet Union
especially the Murmansk Finns were heavily persecuted and the Finnish population almost completely perished in the area. 3,000 Finns were executed in
Finnish_Operation_of_the_NKVD
Selo in Murmansk Oblast, Russia
Yona (Russian: Ёна) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kovdorsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of 156 meters
Yona,_Russia
Finnish war against the Soviet Union (1941–1944)
to capture Murmansk or cut the Kirov (Murmansk) Railway. The Soviet Vyborg–Petrozavodsk offensive in June and August 1944 drove the Finns from most of
Continuation_War
1918–1919 Allied intervention in Russia
creating fears they might try to capture the Murmansk–Petrograd railroad, the strategic port of Murmansk and possibly even the city of Arkhangelsk. It
North_Russia_intervention
Ethnic group
Scots Bukharan Jews Crimean Karaites Dungans Setos Finns Ingrian Finns Murmansk Finns Siberian Finns Gagauz Georgians Adjarians Ingiloy Laz Mingrelians
Chuvans
Finnish ethnic group
to Kainuu people as rappasodat ("pillaging wars"). During these wars the Finns of north Ostrobothnia and Kainuu and the Karelians of White Karelia practised
Kainuu_people
Military unit
German and Finnish offensive attempting to capture the Soviet port of Murmansk. The unit was disbanded after this operation due to their outdated equipment
Panzer-Abteilung_211
Posyolok in Murmansk Oblast, Russia
Finns in 1858–1917] (Thesis) (in Finnish). University of Helsinki. p. 96. Retrieved 27 December 2025. Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk
Salmiyarvi
Severomorsk. Murmansk Finns Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, pp. 34-35 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 67
Polyarny_District
Irredentist and nationalist idea that emphasized territorial expansion of Finland
Oblast to the south and Murmansk Oblast to the north. During the Continuation War from 1941 to 1944, about 62,000 Ingrian Finns escaped to Finland from
Greater_Finland
Attempt by Finnish volunteers to occupy East Karelia in 1919
British troops that operated along the Murmansk railroad were quite close by, but did not participate. The Finns had hoped that the Karelian population
Aunus_expedition
On the same day, a detachment from the 17th Division cut the Murmansk railroad. The Finns pressed on and captured the railroad bridge over the Svir at
Finnish invasion of East Karelia (1941)
Finnish_invasion_of_East_Karelia_(1941)
Selo in Murmansk Oblast, Russia
Конец‑Ковдозеро) is a rural locality (a Selo) in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia. The village is located beyond the Arctic Circle, 35 meters
Kovdozero,_Murmansk_Oblast
Interwar conflicts in Finnish territory
took part in the armed conflicts mentioned below. Viena expedition (1918) Murmansk Legion Petsamo expeditions (1918 and 1920) Estonian War of Independence
Heimosodat
south, via Lake Onega to the White Sea in the north. The importance of the Murmansk railway, built in 1916, led the Soviet delegation to reject the Finnish
Finland_in_World_War_II
Finnish actor, theater manager and revolutionary
Machine (in Finnish). Jotaarkka Pennanen. Retrieved 19 June 2015. Royal Reds – Finns in the British Murmansk Legion 1918–1919 Retrieved 19 June 2015.
Aarne_Orjatsalo
Airport in Sør-Varanger, Norway
Norving. Since 1990, five airlines have attempted to provide services to Murmansk, Russia. Originally the airport had two runways, 1,600 and 1,200 meters
Kirkenes_Airport
1939–1940 war between the Soviet Union and Finland
Molotov's offer of a mutual assistance pact, which the Finns immediately refused. To the Finns' surprise, Molotov dropped the offer and instead proposed
Winter_War
Battle in the Lapland War
control the nickel mines in Petsamo and to conquer the Russian port of Murmansk, cutting the Soviet Union off from Allied supply convoys. Rovaniemi was
Battle_of_Rovaniemi
Sámi cultural region of Fennoscandia
Historically, the Scandinavian peoples referred to the Sámi using the exonyms Finns and Lapps, terms now considered outdated or pejorative. In Scandinavian
Sápmi
First-level administrative division of Russia
Republic (see Swedish-Novgorodian Wars) and populated mostly by various Baltic Finns people such as Karelians (northwest), Izhorians and Votes (west), Vepsians
Leningrad_Oblast
Allied North Russia Intervention he was one of the leading Finns of the British organized Murmansk Legion. In 1920, Sula was exiled to Canada where he worked
Hannes_Sula
Battle of the Winter War
estimate on 15 October placed one Soviet division in the Murmansk-Kandalaksha area. The Finns expected a larger Soviet force concentration in the future
Battle_of_Salla_(1939)
that Germans and Finns together could push all Russian forces out of Karelia, Cola and Petersburg, Allies intervened and landed in Murmansk. During that intervention
History_of_Karelia
Abolished inhabited locality in Murmansk Oblast, Russia
Ниванкюль) was a rural locality (an inhabited locality) in Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It was located beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of
Nivankyul
City in Sør-Varanger, Finnmark, Norway
located further east in Norway. Due to its close proximity to Russians, Finns and Skolt Sami, the town is also known as Kirkkoniemi (Finnish), Киркенес (Russian)
Kirkenes
1939–1940 Soviet puppet state in occupied Karelia
Soviet Union would cede a much larger area, Eastern Karelia, except for the Murmansk railroad, in exchange for the same territories that the Soviets had demanded
Finnish_Democratic_Republic
Military unit
mines there from USSR. In June 1941 the corps attacked from Petsamo to Murmansk in Operation Platinum Fox (German: Unternehmen Platinfuchs). The attack
Mountain_Corps_Norway
British diplomat (1889–1976)
that the Finns did not understand very well. British supplies of weapons to the Soviet Union were delivered via the highly dangerous "Murmansk run" through
Gordon_Vereker
Saami social structure
and Voronensk, and eventually two raion (administrative district) in Murmansk Oblast were designated as Sámi districts, Lovozersky District and Saamsky
Siida
Blockade by the Axis powers, 1941–1944
respective goals, the Finns halted their advance and started moving troops to East Karelia. For the next three years, the Finns did little to contribute
Siege_of_Leningrad
First-level administrative division of Russia
Many of the Finns who fled to Karelia were detained and most likely shot during The Great Purge of 1937, with the Karelian ethnic Finns' population dropping
Republic_of_Karelia
its memory cast a long shadow. Because of the famine, many Finns immigrated into Murmansk. Great Famine of 1695–1697 List of famines Russian famine of
Finnish_famine_of_1866–1868
Russia intervention where he was General Officer Commanding Allied Forces, Murmansk (1918–1919). Having spent his early career in Burma and India, he also
Charles Maynard (British Army officer)
Charles_Maynard_(British_Army_officer)
Finnish general (1892–1947)
whose goal was the capture of Murmansk. The corps was to advance first to the Ukhta–Kestenga line and then to the Murmansk railroad and Kem. It soon became
Hjalmar_Siilasvuo
Military unit
for Murmansk but was unsuccessful in the face of strong Soviet defence. It continued to serve in the Arctic region until late 1944, when the Finns negotiated
2nd_Mountain_Division
Foreign interventions in Russia between 1918 and 1925
since the beginning of the war in 1914 through the ports of Arkhangelsk, Murmansk (established in 1915), and Vladivostok. In April 1917 the United States
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
Allied_intervention_in_the_Russian_Civil_War
Sámi ethnic group
Keväjärvi, Nellim in the municipality of Inari, at several places in the Murmansk Oblast and in the village of Neiden in Sør-Varanger Municipality. The Skolts
Skolts
Former Kingdom in Europe
Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Murmansk Oblast, p. 17 Administrative-Territorial Divisions of Murmansk Oblast, p. 18 Vassdal, Trond O. (3 August
Kingdom_of_Norway_(872–1397)
Military unit
participated in Operation Arctic Fox, the Finno-German drive towards the Murmansk railway. During this operation, the division was split into two groups
3rd_Division_(Finland)
Accidental Soviet bombing in 1940
hundred incendiary bombs were spread by a rotating bomb spreader, which the Finns called Molotov's bread basket. Most of the bombs fell on the outskirts of
Bombing_of_Pajala
Honorary title for cities in the Soviet Union
Stalingrad Odessa Sevastopol Moscow Kiev Novorossiysk Kerch Minsk Tula Murmansk Smolensk Hero City is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism
Hero_City_(Soviet_Union)
Military unit
reaching the latter, the Finns had technically cut the Murmansk railroad, but this was not meaningful for the supply of Murmansk because another line had
VI_Corps_(Finland)
1918 civil war in Finland
legacy of Fennomania stood out among the Finns. Furthermore, it has been estimated, that around one million Finns of the total population of three million
Finnish_Civil_War
the eastern border to Finland. The refugees were St. Petersburg Finns, Ingrian Finns, Karelians, officers, factory owners and nobles, among them was the
Immigration_to_Finland
Russian vessels evading sanctions
power cables linking Estonia and Finland. The vessel was seized by the Finns, and the Estonian Navy launched an operation to protect undersea cables
Russian_shadow_fleet
Autonomous labour commune in Northern Europe (1920-1923)
Much of the leadership of the Karelian Labor Commune were that of Red Finns, who were expatriates that got government jobs, such as Gylling, Aleksandr
Karelian_Labor_Commune
1941 Soviet film
Soviet scouts who enter the enemy's rear, namely, the farm that the White Finns left. The events depicted in the film take place during the Winter War of
In_the_Rear_of_the_Enemy
Indigenous people of Northern Europe
centuries were referred to as Kvens to distinguish them from the Sámi "Finns." Ethnic Finns (suomalaiset) are a group related to the Sámi, but distinct from
Sámi_people
action in the Battle of Messines. In June 1918 he became a member of the Murmansk force involved in the Allied intervention to Russia. Its task was to obstruct
Philip_James_Woods
Military unit
with the Soviet Union. According to the plans proposed by the Germans, the Finns would be in charge of operations in the southeast of Finland and east of
III Corps (Finland, Continuation War)
III_Corps_(Finland,_Continuation_War)
British naval unit in service during WWI
by rail to Murmansk, to join with the Allied intervention forces in North Russia, only weeks before hostilities cut railway lines to Murmansk. Among the
British submarine flotilla in the Baltic
British_submarine_flotilla_in_the_Baltic
German mountain division
and the Finns, with the former seeing the situation as a humiliation. Despite this, the Nord Division troops learned tactics from the Finns and the other
6th_SS_Mountain_Division_Nord
2000 submarine accident in the Barents Sea
69°38′N 37°19′E / 69.633°N 37.317°E / 69.633; 37.317, north-east of Murmansk, approximately 250 km (160 mi) from Norway, and 80 km (50 mi) from the
Kursk_submarine_disaster
1940–1941 interwar period in Finland
contents of the treaty. The Finns were eager to start trade and from the first meeting the preliminary treaty was created, which Finns accepted immediately;
Interim_Peace
Military unit
with the objective of reaching Kandalaksha and cutting the railway from Murmansk to the rest of the USSR. The divisions conducted a successful retrograde
104th_Rifle_Division
1921-1922 rebellion in East Karelia
Karelia and mounted a counterattack. The Red Army also had Red Finns within its ranks. These Finns had emigrated to Soviet Russia after their defeat in the
East_Karelian_uprising
was discussion of becoming an independent country in alliance with the Finns. It soon expanded and evolved into the Republic of Uhtua. Steppe-Badzheyskaya
List of short-lived states and dependencies
List_of_short-lived_states_and_dependencies
Nuclear-powered Project 658-class submarine
collision, although she had sprung a leak. The severely damaged K-33 limped to Murmansk for repairs. The captain of the Finnish vessel, Runar Lindholm, gave a
Soviet_submarine_K-33
Town in Republic of Karelia, Russia
the Kem River enters it, on the railroad leading from Petrozavodsk to Murmansk. It had a population of 13,051 as of 2010, which was down from previous
Kem,_Russia
Bilateral relations
used to have a consulate-general in Saint Petersburg and consulate in Murmansk. Russia has stated that it is open to normalizing relations with Finland
Finland–Russia_relations
Beluga whale (c. 2009 – 2024)
St. Petersburg and then was moved to a Russian military naval base in Murmansk, where he eventually escaped. The whale appeared beginning on 26 April
Hvaldimir
Military unit
with the objective of reaching Kandalaksha and cutting the railway from Murmansk to the rest of the USSR. The divisions conducted a successful retrograde
122nd_Rifle_Division
British WWII air raid in Norway and Finland
Hitler for Operation Barbarossa, Murmansk was to be isolated by a military operation to cut the 840 mi (1,350 km) Murmansk–Leningrad railway. The attack
Operation_EF_(1941)
Finnish attempts to annex Petsamo in 1918 and 1920
intervening in the Russia Civil War and had established their headquarters at Murmansk, sent in the cruiser HMS Cochrane with sailors, Royal Marines and 40 Red
Petsamo_expeditions
Use of ski-equipped troops in war
specialized arctic warfare shore unit of the Northern Fleet, based in Alakurtti, Murmansk Oblast, is but one of the many similar units, where the ski combat is a
Ski_warfare
Tactical scuba diving unit
152nd PDSS Detachment – based in Polyarny, Murmansk Oblast 153rd PDSS Detachment – based in Ostrovnoy, Murmansk Oblast 159th PDSS Detachment – based in Razboynik
Russian_commando_frogmen
City in Lapland, Finland
Veszprém, Hungary In March 2022, Rovaniemi suspended the agreement with Murmansk, Russia due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The 1951 musical comedy
Rovaniemi
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MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
Male
Finnish
Finnish legend name of the ancestor of all Finns. Andrew Lang, author of Custom and Myth, 1884, gives the KALEVA means "heroic, magnificent," but it may be connected with the Lithuanian word kalvis, meaning "smith," like the Baltic god Kalevias.Â
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
MURMANSK FINNS
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