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Controversial marketing strategy
Multi-level marketing (MLM), also called network marketing or pyramid selling, is a controversial and sometimes illegal marketing strategy for the sale
Multi-level_marketing
List of companies which use multi-level marketing
a list of companies which use multi-level marketing (also known as network marketing, direct selling, referral marketing, and pyramid selling) for most
List of multi-level marketing companies
List_of_multi-level_marketing_companies
Business model
the form of either single-level marketing (in which a direct seller makes money purely from sales) and multi-level marketing (in which the direct seller
Direct_selling
American writer (born 1946 or 1947)
Deliverance in Multi-Level Marketing and Pyramid Schemes (ISBN 0-964879-514), a 1997 critical book that examines the multi-level marketing (MLM) industry
Robert_L._FitzPatrick
Attempt to defraud people seeking employment
a multi-level marketing scheme earn a commission on the sales of those they recruit, as well as on their direct sales. Some multi-level marketing, like
Employment_fraud
American businessman and media personality (born 1978)
basketball player Kobe Bryant. In 2009, Bet-David founded PHP Agency, a multi-level marketing company specializing in life insurance and financial services, which
Patrick_Bet-David
American direct selling company
being a multi-level marketing company. The Los Angeles Times states that Vector meets the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) definition of a multi-level marketing
Vector_Marketing
Canadian actress (born 1961)
acting career wound down, Scott started working for Arbonne, a multi-level marketing company. As of 2020, she is now an Executive National Vice President
Camilla_Scott
Type of unsustainable business model
forms since at least the mid-to-late 19th century. Although some multi-level marketing (MLM) companies have been found to operate as pyramid schemes, legitimate
Pyramid_scheme
American global multi-level marketing company
International of America) or simply Herbalife, is an American multinational multi-level marketing (MLM) corporation that develops and sells dietary supplements. The
Herbalife
American entrepreneur (1956–2000)
entrepreneur who was the founder, chairman, and CEO of Herbalife, a multi-level marketing company. Hughes was born in La Mirada, California, on January 1
Mark_R._Hughes
American actress (born 1982)
(2012–2014). Mack was a member of NXIVM, a sex-trafficking cult and multi-level marketing company. In 2018, she was arrested by federal authorities on charges
Allison_Mack
Pseudoscientific device
overall health. The device has been promoted via influencer marketing and multi-level marketing, while sellers make extreme healing claims without any proven
Healy_device
American direct sales company
cutlery, predominantly through multi-level marketing. It is the parent company of CUTCO Cutlery Corp., Vector Marketing, Ka-Bar Knives, and Schilling Forge
Cutco
American cult leader and convicted felon
Salzman (born July 16, 1954) is an American co-founder of NXIVM, a multi-level marketing company and cult based near Albany, New York. A former nurse, Salzman
Nancy_Salzman
American Sexual Health and Wellness Company
sells sex toys, sexual wellness, and cosmetic products. Formerly a multi-level marketing company, in May 2023, Pure Romance announced it was moving away
Pure_Romance
American businessman and founder of World Marketing Alliance
best known for founding and leading multi-level marketing financial and insurance services company World Marketing Alliance (WMA) (nka World Financial
Hubert_Humphrey_(businessman)
American cult founder and convicted felon (born 1960)
offenses, and fraud. Raniere co-founded NXIVM, a purported self-help multi-level marketing company offering personal development seminars and headquartered
Keith_Raniere
American multi-level marketing insurance company
Primerica, Inc. is a multi-level marketing company that provides insurance, investment and financial services to middle-income families in the United
Primerica
American actress (born 1991)
From 2011 to 2018, Oxenberg was involved in NXIVM, an American multi-level marketing company widely described as a cult. While in NXIVM she was introduced
India_Oxenberg
Marketing executive
funder and a member of the leadership team for the controversial multi-level marketing company and cult NXIVM, as was her sister, Clare Bronfman. Bronfman's
Sara_Bronfman
American multi-level marketing company
Amway Corp. (short for "American Way") is an American multi-level marketing (MLM) company that sells health, beauty, and home care products. The company
Amway
American multi-level marketing company
Forever Living Products is a multi-level marketing company which was founded in 1978 in Tempe, Arizona by Rex Maughan. The company has reported a network
Forever_Living_Products
Multi-level marketing company specializing in educational toys
Discovery Toys is a multi-level marketing company specializing in educational toys. Its products are sold in the U.S. and Canada, and its headquarters
Discovery_Toys
Criminal Activity in Singapore
scams High-profile scam cases in Singapore include the following: Multi-level marketing (MLM) or pyramid selling are illegal under the jurisdiction unless
Crime_in_Singapore
American skincare and haircare company
2000 and sold it in 2003. They relaunched the brand in 2007 as a multi-level marketing firm, using independent consultants to sell its products. This business
Rodan_+_Fields
American multi-level marketing company
Scentsy is an American multi-level marketing company based in Meridian, Idaho, that sells scented products including wax warmers and other home and body
Scentsy
American multi-level marketing company
sells weight loss and health-related products through websites, multi-level marketing, telemarketing, and franchised weight loss clinics. The company
Medifast
Multi-level marketing company
Lagos, Nigeria. Longrich sells its products to end-users through a multi-level marketing (MLM) model. Longrich distributors can potentially make income by
Longrich
American dietary supplement company
performance products. Founded in 1993 by Charles E. Ragus as a multi-level marketing model. In 2019, AdvoCare transitioned to a consumer omnichannel
AdvoCare
American founder of an alternative medicine multi-level marketing company (1949–2018)
and chief executive officer (CEO) of Young Living, a Utah-based multi-level marketing company that sells essential oils and dietary supplements. Early
D._Gary_Young
Defunct American multi-level marketing company
WakeUpNow was a multi-level marketing company based in Provo, Utah, that sold products and services focused on health and financial management. It was
WakeUpNow
American heiress and convicted felon
(born 1979) is an American heiress and former leader of NXIVM, a multi-level marketing company and cult based near Albany, New York. She is the youngest
Clare_Bronfman
South African preacher (born 1961)
Adonica were top-ranking ("Black Diamond executive level") distributors for Monavie, a multi-level marketing company that sold acai berry juice-based beverages
Rodney_Howard-Browne
American multi-level marketing company
ASEA is a privately owned international direct selling and multi-level marketing company founded in 2007 and headquartered in Pleasant Grove, Utah.. The
ASEA_(American_company)
U.S. multi-level marketing company
Nouveau Riche was a multi-level marketing company and a non-accredited vocational school specializing in real estate investing. Class topics ranged from
Nouveau_Riche_(college)
Defunct American multi-level marketing company
buying club that marketed consumer buying club memberships through multi-level marketing. The business began in 1987 in Los Angeles, California before moving
FundAmerica
Nutrition shake
sold through Beachbody’s multi-level marketing network. In 2024, the company transitioned to a direct-sales and affiliate marketing model. In 2007, Beachbody
Shakeology
2007 film
Believe is a 2007 mockumentary/comedy about the world of multi-level marketing (MLM). This is the first movie by director Loki Mulholland, who is also
Believe_(2007_film)
Businessman and politician (born 1982)
businessman and politician who is known for being the co-founder of the multi-level marketing company, Frontrow. He also served as the representative of the Tutok
Sam_Verzosa
American multi-level marketing company
Mary Kay Inc. is an American privately owned multi-level marketing company. Mary Kay is based in Addison, Texas. The company was founded by Mary Kay Ash
Mary_Kay
American gambler and internet personality
the Demons, his wealth came primarily from participation in the multi-level marketing schemes FundAmerica and Vemma. He is currently a spokesman for FanDuel
Vegas_Matt
Multi-level marketing company
Grupo Omnilife is a Guadalajara-based multi-level marketing company that distributed dietary supplements. The corporation is owned by Amaury Vergara,[citation
Grupo_Omnilife
American multi-level marketing company
simply Monat (/moʊ.ˈnæt/, /moʊ.ˈneɪt/), is a privately-held American multi-level marketing company headquartered in Doral, Florida, which sells haircare, skincare
Monat
U.S. direct selling company
Tastefully Simple, Inc. is a U.S. multi-level marketing company that sells meal kits as well as signature seasonings, sauces and baking mixes, all prepared
Tastefully_Simple
American pyramid scheme which was shut down in 2013
Fortune Hi-Tech Marketing (FHTM) was a Lexington, Kentucky based company which used multi-level marketing to sell consumer goods and services. The company
Fortune_Hi-Tech_Marketing
American multi-level marketing company
Pampered Chef is a multinational multi-level marketing company that offers a line of kitchen tools, food products, and cookbooks for preparing food in
Pampered_Chef
American multi-level marketing company
MonaVie is a defunct, American multi-level marketing company that manufactured and distributed products made from blended fruit juice concentrates, powders
MonaVie
American multi-level marketing company pyramid scheme
LuLaRoe is an American multi-level marketing company that sells women's clothing. It was founded in 2012 by DeAnne Brady and her husband Mark Stidham
LuLaRoe
British multi-level marketing company
Betterware was a United Kingdom-based multi-level marketing company that sells household products. The company was founded in 1928 and passed through
Betterware
Indian business conglomerate
personal care, tea and beverages, entertainment, consumer products, multi-level marketing, and gourmet restaurants. Gujarmal Modi (1902–1976) founded the
Modi_Enterprises
American multi-level marketing company
Young Living is a multi-level marketing company based in Lehi, Utah. Co-founded by D. Gary Young and Mary Young in 1993, it sells essential oils and other
Young_Living
Hong Kong based multi-level marketing company
formerly known as QuestNet and GoldQuest, is a Hong Kong–based multi-level marketing (MLM) company owned by the QI Group. QNet was founded in 1998 by
Qnet
Canadian businessman and investor (1931–2023)
founder of Fiji Water. Gilmour founded Wakaya Perfection in 2011, a multi-level marketing nutrition company. David Harrison Gilmour was born in Winnipeg on
David_Gilmour_(businessman)
UK-based multi-level marketing company
Neal's Yard Remedies is a British retail and multi-level marketing company selling cosmetics, skin care products and essential oils. The direct selling
Neal's_Yard_Remedies
Multi-level marketing vitamin distributor
Shaklee Corporation is an American manufacturer and multi-level marketing distributor of natural nutrition supplements, weight-management products, beauty
Shaklee
Decline in online platform quality
Homestay 9flats, Airbnb, GuestReady, Hipcamp, misterb&b, Vrbo, Wimdu Related Big Tech Enshittification Farm stay Multi-level marketing List of companies
Enshittification
Multi-level market salesman and convict
(1934–2020) was a salesman best known for his Orlando, Florida based multi-level marketing cosmetic company Koscot Interplanetary, Inc. Turner and Koscot became
Glenn_W._Turner
American entrepreneur and author
He is the former co-founder and chief executive officer of the multi-level marketing company ViSalus Sciences, a subsidiary of the publicly traded company
Ryan_Blair
American multi-level marketing company
Arbonne International, LLC, known as Arbonne, is an American multi-level marketing company founded in 1980 in the United States by Norwegian entrepreneur
Arbonne_International
Technology company based in Dubai
accusing the company of being a pyramid scheme, presenting itself as a multi-level marketing organization but having no commercial products. While the Mufarehs
Onpassive
1994 film by P. J. Hogan
Bill's rumoured mistress, Deidre Chambers, recruits Muriel into her multi-level marketing business, and Muriel's "friends" throw her out of their group after
Muriel's_Wedding
American multi-level marketing company
Origami Owl is an American privately owned multi-level marketing custom jewelry company operating in the U.S., Puerto Rico, and Canada. The company was
Origami_Owl
and New Zealand. The company began in 1971. Amway Australia is a multi-level marketing firm. Amway Australia opened in April 1971 and was Amway's first
Amway_Australia
American multi-level marketing company
Excel Communications, Inc. was a multi-level marketing (MLM) telecommunications company that was, at one point, America's fifth largest long-distance
Excel_Communications
U.S.-based national trade association
that represents direct selling companies, primarily those that use multi-level marketing compensation plans. On behalf of its members' companies, the DSA
Direct_Selling_Association
Swedish-Swiss multinational beauty and personal care company
Oriflame Holding AG is a Swedish-founded multinational multi-level marketing company with its corporate head office in Switzerland, that sells beauty
Oriflame
Type of marketing
and measure the referral process. The process is distinct from multi-level marketing, in that there is no incentive for the original existing customer
Referral_marketing
American businessman
offered VanderSloot the helm of Oil of Melaleuca, Inc., a startup multi-level marketing business based in Idaho Falls. VanderSloot said "the company was
Frank_VanderSloot
American multi-level marketing company
Inc. (also known as SGII, Inc.) is a privately owned American multi-level marketing (MLM) company that sells skincare and makeup products, including
SeneGence
English former glamour model, Page 3 girl and singer
Got Talent. Whittaker now works as a Sales Coordinator for the multi-level marketing dietary supplement brand Juice Plus, which she promotes through
Maria_Whittaker
American cosmetics company
2011 and formerly operated a multi-level marketing (MLM) program to sell the Seacret brand products. Seacret product marketing became the subject of controversy
Seacret
American multi-level marketing company
FreeLife International, an American multi-level marketing company established in 1995 by Ray Faltinsky and Kevin Fournier,[citation needed] sold dietary
FreeLife
American holding company for multi-level marketing business
parent company for a handful of business ventures, most notably the multi-level marketing company Amway and Amway Global, and a manufacturing and distribution
Alticor
American political commentator
Beachbody distributors". In September 2024, BODi moved away from the multi-level marketing model. From 2023 to 2025, Zacharia served as director of development
Katie_Zacharia
Dietary supplement brand
the company was renamed Nutrilite. In 1945, Rehnborg invented a multi-level marketing selling system to distribute his vitamins. Also in 1945 Lee S. Mytinger
Nutrilite
Former multi-level marketing company
Metabolife International, Inc. was a multi-level marketing company based in San Diego, California, which manufactured dietary supplements. Metabolife's
Metabolife
Dynasty Computer Corporation was a short-lived American multi-level marketing company active from 1980 to 1983 and based in Dallas, Texas. The company
Dynasty_Computer
British multi-utility brand of Telecom Plus
Utility Warehouse is a multi-service provider based in London, England that uses multi-level marketing to obtain customers through independent distributors
Utility_Warehouse
Personal goods manufacturing company
largest candlemaker in the United States. Subsidiaries include the multi-level marketing companies PartyLite and Visalus. On May 13, 2002, Blyth announced
Blyth,_Inc.
Perfume company
Scentura Creations Type Private Industry Multi-level marketing, perfume Founded 1975 Headquarters Chamblee, Georgia Website scenturacreations.com
Scentura
2016 film by Ted Braun
production, he has had no position in Herbalife. An open critic of multi-level marketing companies, Fichthorn's firm, Dialectic Capital, held short positions
Betting_on_Zero
Multi-level marketing company providing telecommunications and other services
ACN, Inc. is a North American multi-level marketing (MLM) company. It provides telecommunications, energy, merchant services and other services, depending
ACN_Inc.
American businessman (born 1936)
his son Gregg Maughan in the position of CEO. Forever Living is a multi-level marketing company that sells aloe vera and bee hive-based cosmetics and other
Rex_Maughan
American skincare and cosmetics company
Beautycounter was an American direct to consumer and multi-level marketing company that sold skin care and cosmetic products. As of 2018, the company
Beautycounter
American multi-level marketing company
5Linx is an American multi-level marketing company headquartered in Rochester, New York, which offers utility and telecommunication services, health insurance
5Linx
American salesman (1964–2011)
Donald D. Lapre (May 19, 1964 – October 2, 2011) was an American multi-level marketing (MLM) salesman and infomercial pitchman. His work involved product
Don_Lapre
Shutdown pyramid scheme
Equinox International was a multi-level marketing company founded in 1991 and headed by Bill Gouldd. In 1996, Equinox was listed #1 on Inc Magazine's
Equinox_(MLM)
American multi-level marketing company
LLC, (sometimes referred to as XANGO and XanGo) was an American multi-level marketing company founded in 2002. It was acquired by Zija International in
XanGo
American multi-level marketing company
$6 million in debt. In 2008, Vi was acquired by Blyth, Inc., a multi-level marketing company that sells home decor which had been founded by Georgen
ViSalus
American basket manufacturer and distributor
by Dave Longaberger, the family-owned and operated company used multi-level marketing to sell its products. It was one of the primary employers in Dresden
The_Longaberger_Company
American nutritional supplements company
encapsulating capsicum in their home kitchen. The company employs a multi-level marketing business model in which their products are primarily sold to the
Nature's_Sunshine_Products
U.S. state
information technology and research, government services, mining, multi-level marketing, and tourism. Utah has been one of the fastest growing states since
Utah
British multi-level marketing company
keep up the pressure on Farepak Swindon Advertiser, 23 October 2006 Top level probe ordered into Farepak fiasco Swindon Advertiser, 25 October 2006 Farepak
European_Home_Retail
American politician, astronaut and naval officer (born 1964)
paid speeches in the U.S. and in China on behalf of Shaklee, a multi-level marketing distributor of nutritional supplements. Separately, Kelly has also
Mark_Kelly
Former pyramid scheme
Holiday Magic was a multi-level marketing organization, founded in 1964, by William Penn Patrick (1930–1973) in the United States. Originally the organization
Holiday_Magic
American multi-level marketing company
Younique is an American direct selling multi-level marketing company that markets beauty products. The company was founded in 2012 by Derek Maxfield,
Younique
Multinational multi-level marketing company
Mannatech Inc. is a publicly traded, multinational multi-level marketing firm that sells dietary supplements and personal care products. It was founded
Mannatech
Malaysian marketing company
Aman Futures Group Type Privately held Headquarters Malaysia Area served Philippines Services Multi-level marketing / Pyramid scheme
Aman Futures pyramid scam case
Aman_Futures_pyramid_scam_case
American multi-level marketing company
Morinda is a multi-level marketing company based in American Fork, Utah that sells Tahitian Noni juice and other products made from the noni plant. The
Morinda,_Inc.
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