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Difference between the dilation and the erosion of a given image
In mathematical morphology and digital image processing, a morphological gradient is the difference between the dilation and the erosion of a given image
Morphological_gradient
Theory and technique for handling geometrical structures
functions, this generalization yielded new operators, such as morphological gradients, top-hat transform and the Watershed (MM's main segmentation approach)
Mathematical_morphology
to these gradients; as a result of a change in an environmental gradient, factors such as species abundance, population density, morphology, primary productivity
Environmental_gradient
Species of plant
plants with both narrow and broad leaves growing together in a morphological gradient, resembling the species in the central mountainous region. Philodendron
Philodendron_spiritus-sancti
density centrifugation (also isopycnic centrifugation or equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation) uses the concept of buoyancy to separate molecules in solution
Buoyant density centrifugation
Buoyant_density_centrifugation
Pulse sequence during a medical test
imaging (MRI) is a particular setting of pulse sequences and pulsed field gradients, resulting in a particular image appearance. A multiparametric MRI is
MRI_pulse_sequence
Species of squid
subulata may be conspecific and that they are the extreme ends of a morphological gradient. In which case the name Alloteuthis media applied by Carl Linnaeus
Alloteuthis_media
Turbulent layer of water that washes ashore after a wave breaks
is largely governed by the beachface gradient. Longshore drift by swash occurs either due to beach cusp morphology or due to oblique incoming waves causing
Swash
the gradient used and can display gradient or graded transitions. A wide range of methods can be used to create these gradients including gradients in
Mechanically gradient polymers
Mechanically_gradient_polymers
Image edge detection algorithm
the gradient image is: Compare the edge strength of the current pixel with the edge strength of the pixel in the positive and negative gradient directions
Canny_edge_detector
Image processing method
of gradients instead of strength of gradients. After applying a dramatically small threshold (i.e. 5), a binary image is obtained. The morphological opening
Edge_detection
Transformation defined on a grayscale image
separated objects. Relief of the gradient magnitude Gradient magnitude image Watershed of the gradient Watershed of the gradient (relief) In geology, a watershed
Watershed_(image_processing)
In linguistics, conformity with grammar
whether a particular word, phrase, or clause is well-formed. This problem of gradient well-formedness, uncertainty about the well-formedness of a particular
Well-formedness
Genus of lichens
are fully supported by the lichen tissue (Corella + Cora). This morphological gradient is tightly correlated with phylogeny: thalli become progressively
Dictyonema
Scientific instruments
Optical tweezers (originally called single-beam gradient force trap) are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to hold and move microscopic
Optical_tweezers
Method of casting in manufacturing
freezing point of the suspension is below the temperature gradient in the solution and morphological instabilities can occur. For situations where the particle
Freeze-casting
Study of viruses
salts that form a density gradient, from low to high, in the tube during the centrifugation. In some cases, preformed gradients are used where solutions
Virology
Medical imaging technique
inside the body. MRI scanners use strong magnetic fields, magnetic field gradients, and radio waves to form images of the organs in the body. MRI does not
Magnetic_resonance_imaging
One-dimensional approximation to a shape
as well as continuous sets. Using morphological operators (See Morphological skeleton) Supplementing morphological operators with shape based pruning
Topological_skeleton
Rivers of liquid methane and ethane on Saturn's moon Titan
which both originate in mountains, the Saraswati Flumen has a much flatter gradient. The Saraswati Flumen is unlike most rivers on Titan including the more
Saraswati_Flumen
Form and structure of a phylum
for morphological plasticity and pleomorphism in more complex bacteria, however, is slowly being elucidated as well. Despite their morphological complexity
Cyanobacterial_morphology
Family of wasps
ichneumonids was traditionally considered an exception to the common latitudinal gradient in species diversity, since the family was thought to be at its most species-rich
Ichneumonidae
Computer vision framework
with gradient angle θ = arctan ( C y C x ) , {\displaystyle \theta =\arctan \left({\frac {C_{y}}{C_{x}}}\right),} unit vectors along the gradient direction
Active_contour_model
Abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen
albumin gradient (SAAG) is probably a better discriminant than older measures (transudate versus exudate) for the causes of ascites. A high gradient (> 1
Ascites
Set of morphological features common to members of a phylum of animals
body plan, Bauplan (pl. German: Baupläne), or ground plan is a set of morphological features common to many members of a phylum of animals. The vertebrates
Body_plan
Comparison of organism developmental processes
many adverse consequences which natural selection would oppose. New morphological features and ultimately new species are produced by variations in the
Evolutionary developmental biology
Evolutionary_developmental_biology
Domain of microorganisms
by the energy released by the transfer of ions down an electrochemical gradient across the cell membrane. Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili")
Bacteria
Spiral-shaped regions of enhanced brightness within the galactic disc in spiral galaxies
clouds. The appearance of spiral arms is one of the criteria for galaxy morphological classification. For example, in Hubble's classification scheme, spiral
Spiral_arm
water-flow gradient as either low gradient channels for streams or rivers with less than two percent (2%) flow gradient, or high gradient channels for
Channel_types
Single-celled alga with a silica cell wall
sensitive to global temperature, particularly to the equator-pole temperature gradient. Warmer oceans, particularly warmer polar regions, have in the past been
Diatom
River that runs through mountains
velocity, insignificant depth and frequent rapids and waterfalls. The stream gradient of a mountain river is normally significantly greater than typical rivers
Mountain_river
Body part of cephalopods
base, a gradient that results from differing chemical composition. In hydrated beaks of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) this stiffness gradient spans
Cephalopod_beak
Type of cell structure in several groups of organisms
transcription factors Bicoid and Nanos. Bicoid protein is expressed in a gradient that extends from the anterior end of the early embryo, whereas Nanos protein
Coenocyte
Structure produced by fungi
precisely understood. Mathematical models suggest that some fields or gradients of signalling chemicals, parallel to the cord axis, may be involved. Rhizomorphs
Mycelial_cord
Trait change of an organism in response to environmental variation
plasticity encompasses all types of environmentally induced changes (e.g. morphological, physiological, behavioural, phenological) that may or may not be permanent
Phenotypic_plasticity
Chalk stream Coulee Current Stream bed Stream channel Streamflow Stream gradient Stream pool Perennial stream Winterbourne Springs (list) Estavelle/Inversac
List of countries and dependencies without rivers
List_of_countries_and_dependencies_without_rivers
Direct extension and penetration by cancer cells into neighboring tissues
surrounding tissues. Either pattern of cell migration exhibits distinct morphological features and is governed by specific biochemical and molecular genetic
Invasion_(cancer)
Gradual variation of the characteristics of a species along its territory
In biology, a cline is a measurable gradient in a single characteristic (or biological trait) of a species across its geographical range. Clines usually
Cline_(biology)
Enzyme
concentration, imparting energy for the synthesis of ATP. This electrochemical gradient is generated by the electron transport chain and allows cells to store
ATP_synthase
Family of birds
implies that morphological traits of hummingbirds, such as bill length, bill curvature, and body mass, are correlated with morphological traits of plants
Hummingbird
Species of deep sea octopus
distribution is influenced by oceanographic features such as temperature gradients and water currents. The octopus undergoes diel vertical migration (DVM)
Japetella_diaphana
Species of grass commonly known as reed
eventually help disperse the minute seeds. Recent studies have characterized morphological distinctions between the introduced and native stands of Phragmites
Phragmites_australis
Mass of fat found in all toothed whales
cetologists. The varying composition of the melon creates a sound velocity gradient that refracts sound directionally. Sounds also bounce off the skull and
Melon_(cetacean)
A plant adapted to a hot dry environment
their metabolic activity may effectively shut down. Plants with such morphological and physiological adaptations are said to be xeromorphic. Xerophytes
Xerophyte
Species of wasp
become the colony's new queen. P. austroccidentalis displays several morphological adaptations for parasitism such as increased mandible size and an enlarged
Polistes_austroccidentalis
Developmental biology concept
localized biochemical signals − called field − leading to the genesis of morphological structures: tissues, organs, or parts of an organism. The spatial and
Morphogenetic_field
Structuring text as input to generative artificial intelligence
searched directly by gradient descent to maximize the log-likelihood on outputs. An earlier result uses the same idea of gradient descent search, but is
Prompt_engineering
Galaxy in the constellation Virgo
edge-on disk and a diffuse, boxy halo. The shallow surface brightness gradient of the halo is characteristic of a large spheroidal galaxy. This means
NGC_4638
beyond the realm of biology. McKennoch et al. (2008) derived a steepest gradient descent learning rule based on theta neuron dynamics. Their model is based
Theta_model
Life arising from non-living matter
had a leaky membrane and been powered by a naturally occurring proton gradient near a deep-sea white smoker hydrothermal vent; or, life may have originated
Abiogenesis
Species of great ape
Hypothesis). Importantly, spontaneous affiliation followed the empathic gradient described for humans, being mostly offered to kin, then friends, then acquaintances
Bonobo
Lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid
when the liquidus temperature gradient at the interface (the position x=0) is larger than the imposed temperature gradient: ∂ T L ∂ x | x = 0 > ∂ T ∂ x
Supercooling
Genus of fungi
stay close to the female gametangia that sets up a strong concentration gradient of sirenin. Fertilization of female gametes by male gametes appears to
Allomyces
Study of how organisms develop and grow
the dynamics guiding the development and evolution of a biological morphological form. Cell differentiation is the process whereby different functional
Developmental_biology
Morphological system
classifier constructions, also known as classifier predicates, is a morphological system expressing events and states. They use handshape classifiers
Classifier constructions in sign languages
Classifier_constructions_in_sign_languages
Family of large seabirds
genetically and through morphological characteristics, size, their legs, and the arrangement of their nasal tubes (see below: Morphology and flight). Within
Albatross
Types of plain
Arguably the most important determinants are those of stream power and stream gradient. Rivers with a course that drops rapidly in elevation will have faster
Upland_and_lowland
Virus that infects bacteria
head-tail viruses, and they are often sorted into three types based on tail morphology: podoviruses (short tail), myoviruses (long, contractile tail), and siphoviruses
Bacteriophage
U-shaped lake or pool left by an ancient river meander
move fast enough to balance the pressure gradient laterally across the river. It responds to this pressure gradient, and its velocity is partly downstream
Oxbow_lake
Narrow body of water
a difference between low gradient streams (less than a couple of percent in gradient or slightly sloped) and high gradient streams (steeply sloped).
Channel_(geography)
Class of extinct, Paleozoic arthropods
animals comprising c. 5,000 genera, the morphology and description of trilobites can be complex. Despite morphological complexity and an unclear position within
Trilobite
CSF Flow MRI overview, methodology, and application
bipolar gradient. A bipolar gradient has equal positive and negative magnitudes that are applied for the same time duration. The bipolar gradient in PC-MRI
Cerebrospinal_fluid_flow_MRI
Species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae
subspecies. The existence of these subspecies is due to variation in morphology down a gradient corresponding to a geographic cline. The background of the wings
Speckled_wood_(butterfly)
Analysis of terrain
statistical and image processing techniques that can be used to quantify morphological, hydrological, ecological and other aspects of a land surface. Common
Geomorphometry
Species of brachiopod
which are also composed of calcite, can rotate against their orientation gradient which strengthens the overall shell structure. The composition and overall
Terebratalia_transversa
Nematode worm, plant disease, many hosts
result of parasitism. M. incognita can move along shallower temperature gradients (0.001 °C/cm) than any other known organism, an example of thermotaxis
Meloidogyne_incognita
Large brown seaweeds in the order Laminariales
levels of morphological homoplasy between lineages. This in fact has made classifying brown algae difficult. Kelp often have similar morphological features
Kelp
Method of spatial measurement using laser
Ezquerro, Pablo; Zhang, Qingtao (October 2022). "Analysis of regional large-gradient land subsidence in the Alto Guadalentín Basin (Spain) using open-access
Lidar
Ethnic group indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands
different as the distribution of Y haplogroups do not show a geographical gradient in contrast to mtDNA, meaning mainly different maternal origins of the
Ryukyuans
Plant in the Erythroxylaceae family
the crop's spread in those countries. The latitudinal and altitudinal gradients of these countries are especially analogous to the altitudinal diversity
Coca
Species of archaeon
spectrum of metabolic processes that are dependent on thermal and chemical gradients. As an obligate anaerobe, "Ca. A. boonei" requires restrictive anoxic
Aciduliprofundum_boonei
Economic and social measure of a person's affluence and/or influence
phenomenon is often called the "SES Gradient" or according to the World Health Organisation the "Social Gradient". Lower socioeconomic status has been
Socioeconomic_status
Species of bird
of hovering hummingbird flight along simulated and natural elevational gradients". Journal of Experimental Biology. 206 (18): 3139–47. Bibcode:2003JExpB
Bar-headed_goose
Genus of viruses
buoyant density in Caesium chloride (CsCl) of 1.33–1.36 g/cm3. The density gradient of virions in Potassium Tartrate-Glycerol is 1.29 g/cm3. The sedimentation
Lagovirus
Seismic fault in China
6500 m over a horizontal distance of less than 50 km. Regional topographic gradients typically exceed 10% along this mountain front and rival any other margin
Longmenshan_Fault
Method of 3D reconstruction from moving objects
correspondence between images, features such as corner points (edges with gradients in multiple directions) are tracked from one image to the next. One of
Structure_from_motion
Species of crustacean
perennial streams below 100 meters above sea level in elevation and of gradient less than one percent. The stream segments can be grouped as follows: Certain
Syncaris_pacifica
Species of deer
counter-current vascular heat exchange in their nasal passages. Temperature gradient along the nasal mucosa is under physiological control. Incoming cold air
Reindeer
Genus of heterokont algae
Řezáčová-Škaloudová, M. (2010). "Morphological plasticity of silica scales of Synura echinulata (Synurophyceae) in crossed gradients of light and temperature
Synura
Species of chafer
stability, minor variances in X-chromosome morphology have been observed among some subspecies. The extensive morphological variability does not align with the
Protaetia_cuprea
chileno y sus implicaciones ético-sociales" [The Chilean sociogenetic gradient and its ethical-social implications] (in Spanish). Medwave.cl. 15 June
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas
Earth's most severe extinction event
low. Post-PTME faunas had a flat, insignificant latitudinal diversity gradient. The speed of recovery from the extinction is disputed. Some scientists
Permian–Triassic extinction event
Permian–Triassic_extinction_event
driven by Coriolis effects and temperature/salinity dependent density gradients. Generally, the currents flow along depth contours, hence called contour
Contour_currents
Species of flowering plant
of R. adoneus is controlled by the time of snowmelt, so that on a steep gradient flowers appear first on a lower altitude and subsequently, with melting
Ranunculus_adoneus
Process by which structures originate and mature as a plant grows
evolved independently and that causes a developmental constraint limiting morphological diversification. According to plant physiologist A. Carl Leopold, the
Plant_development
Volume rendering technique
appearance. Optimization algorithm: Optimizing the parameters using stochastic gradient descent to minimize a loss function combining L1 loss and D-SSIM, inspired
Gaussian_splatting
Species of bird
h. montanus and J. h. oreganus. These subspecies formed a latitudinal gradient, where subspecies bleed into each other and decrease or increase in a number
Dark-eyed_junco
Eukaryotes other than animals, plants or fungi
protists coupled with morphological and ecological comparisons. LECA is widely hypothesized as having a typical excavate morphology, with two flagella and
Protist
Genus of cnidarians
of foot gradients. The evidence for these gradients was shown in the early 1900s with grafting experiments. The inhibitors for both gradients have shown
Hydra_(genus)
Specialisation of plant parts used to climb or bind
from inside the cell to the apoplast, which in turn creates an osmotic gradient. This leads to loss of turgor pressure; the differences in cell size due
Tendril
Miller R.L. (1958) Morphological Integration. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Olson, Everett C., and Robert L. Miller. Morphological integration. University
Phenotypic_integration
Genus of flies
synapomorphies among the species group. Morphological characters Morphological characters Thorough knowledge of the morphology of Anastrepha is critical to run
Anastrepha
traveling down an electrochemical or concentration gradient, using only the energy stored in the gradient and not any energy from external sources. Contrast
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Species of fungus
On oatmeal agar (OA) medium, colonies are olive-grey and there can be a gradient toward the edges of the colony from olive green to dull green, then olive-grey
Cladosporium_cladosporioides
Genus of plants from southeastern Australia
CB, Weston PH (2011) The impact of distance and a shifting temperature gradient on genetic connectivity across a heterogeneous landscape. Bmc Evolutionary
Waratah
Class of arthropods
upside down showed two types of responses to disturbance of this vertical gradient, called stayers and movers. As a group, springtails are highly sensitive
Springtail
Species of bacteria from Desulfobulbaceae family
plants and are present in the rhizosphere. Their distribution ranges a gradient of salinities; they are present in freshwater, saltwater lakes, and marine
Cable_bacteria
Waterfall and Iceland
are thought to form during the final stages of cooling, when pressure gradients drive residual melt toward the column centre. At the microscopic scale
Svartifoss
Species of South American mammal (Lontra felina)
in 1987 proposed the following phenogram of the lutrinae, based on morphological data. Jong's proposed phenogram implied that the marine otter descended
Marine_otter
Nickel-based superalloy
through Directed Energy Deposition (DED). DED alloys have high temperature gradients throughout the build, leading to residual stresses within the alloy. In
Inconel_625
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Embodiment of Glory
Boy/Male
Muslim
Grace of the religion (Islam)
Boy/Male
Australian, Polish
A Rower; An Oarsman
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
One Paying Obeisance to God
Boy/Male
German American Swedish Greek Welsh Scottish English
Boy/Male
Indian
Confident; Great
Girl/Female
Australian, Christian, Latin, Portuguese
Dawn
Boy/Male
Indian
Old Arabic name
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Lord Indra
Boy/Male
Tamil
Eternal
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
MORPHOLOGICAL GRADIENT
a.
Rising or descending by regular degrees of inclination; as, the gradient line of a railroad.
n.
A morphological unit, consisting of two or more plastids, which does not possess the positive character of the person or stock, in distinction from the physiological organ or biorgan. See Morphon.
v. t.
Making a large angle with the plane of the horizon; ascending or descending rapidly with respect to a horizontal line or a level; precipitous; as, a steep hill or mountain; a steep roof; a steep ascent; a steep declivity; a steep barometric gradient.
n.
The division of that which is morphologically one organ into two or more, as the division of an organ of a plant into a pair or cluster.
a.
Connected with, or becoming an integral part of, a living unit or of the morphological framework; as, morphotic, or tissue, proteids.
a.
Belonging to the same category of individuality; -- a morphological term applied to organisms so related.
n.
A general name for the history of the steps by which any living organism has acquired the morphological and physiological characters which distinguish it; a gradual unfolding of successive phases of growth or development.
n.
The rate of increase or decrease of a variable magnitude, or the curve which represents it; as, a thermometric gradient.
n.
A graded ascending, descending, or level portion of a road; a gradient.
n.
The rate of ascent or descent; gradient; deviation from a level surface to an inclined plane; -- usually stated as so many feet per mile, or as one foot rise or fall in so many of horizontal distance; as, a heavy grade; a grade of twenty feet per mile, or of 1 in 264.
n.
The rate of regular or graded ascent or descent in a road; grade.
n.
A morphological individual, characterized by definiteness of form bion, a physiological individual. See Tectology.
a.
Adapted for walking, as the feet of certain birds.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or according to, the principles of morphology.
n.
A part of a road which slopes upward or downward; a portion of a way not level; a grade.
p. pr.
The physiological individual, characterized by definiteness and independence of function, in distinction from the morphological individual or morphon.
a.
Alt. of Morphological
a.
A morphological term signifying development, in the case of multicellular organisms, from the same unit deme or unit of the inferior orders of individuality.
a.
Moving by steps; walking; as, gradient automata.
n.
An inclined plane; an ascent o/ descent; a grade or gradient; a slope.