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First epoch of the Neogene Period
The Miocene (/ˈmaɪ.əsiːn, -oʊ-/ MY-ə-seen, -oh-) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about 23.04 to 5.333 million years
Miocene
Family of mammals belonging to even-toed ungulates
earliest known bovid had evolved by 20 million years ago, in the early Miocene. The bovids show great variation in size and colouration of their fur.
Bovidae
Third epoch of the Paleogene Period
The Oligocene is preceded by the Eocene Epoch and is followed by the Miocene Epoch. The Oligocene is the third and final epoch of the Paleogene Period
Oligocene
Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch
The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Tortonian and Messinian. It lasted from
Late_Miocene
Climate interval
The Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO), sometimes referred to as the Middle Miocene Thermal Maximum (MMTM), or Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) was
Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum
Middle_Miocene_Climatic_Optimum
Second geologic period in the Cenozoic Era
the Phanerozoic. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier Miocene and the later Pliocene. Some geologists assert that the Neogene cannot
Neogene
Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch
The Early Miocene (also known as Lower Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Aquitanian and Burdigalian stages. The
Early_Miocene
Prehistoric shallow inland sea in Eurasia
Ocean) during the Oligocene and the early and middle Miocene times, but at the onset of the late Miocene epoch, the tectonically trapped sea turned into a
Paratethys
Sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch
The Middle Miocene is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch made up of two stages: the Langhian and Serravallian stages. The Middle Miocene is preceded by
Middle_Miocene
Perching birds of the order Passeriformes
et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene of France and Germany) – basal? Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Sajóvölgyi Middle Miocene of Mátraszőlős, Hungary)
Passerine
Family of mammals
mustelids were dated at the end of the Oligocene to the beginning of the Miocene. Which of these forms are Mustelidae ancestors and which should be considered
Mustelidae
Biological family of water birds
indet. (Late Miocene of Argentina) Anserinae Cygnavus (Early Miocene of Germany) Cygnopterus (Middle Oligocene of Belgium – Early Miocene of France) –
Anatidae
Mass extinction event
The Middle Miocene Climatic Transition (MMCT) was a relatively steady period of climatic cooling that occurred around the middle of the Miocene, roughly
Middle_Miocene_disruption
Subfamily of mammals (Lutrinae)
†Enhydriodon – Asia and Africa, Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene Genus †Enhydritherium – North America, Late Miocene to Early Pliocene Genus †Lutraeximia
Otter
Genus of diving seabirds
loxostylus (Early Miocene of EC USA) – includes M. atlanticus Morus olsoni (Middle Miocene of Romania) Morus lompocanus (Lompoc Late Miocene of Lompoc, USA)
Gannet
Extinct giant shark species
lived approximately 23 to 3.58 million years ago (Mya), from the Early Miocene to the Early Pliocene epochs. This prehistoric fish was once thought to
Megalodon
environment. Alquézar-Blesa et al. (2026) study the feeding behaviors of Miocene Gomphotherium and Prodeinotherium from Artesilla and Tarazona (Spain),
2026_in_paleomammalogy
from the Bien Dong Formation. The middle sequence have a composition of Miocene sediments of the Dua Formation, Thong-Man Cau Formations and the Nam Con
Nam_Con_Son_Basin
Family of carnivoran mammals
Late Miocene of Asia, Late Miocene of Africa and Europe) †Hyaenotherium (Late Miocene to Early Pliocene of Eurasia) †Miohyaenotherium (Late Miocene of Europe)
Hyena
Genus of mountain-dwelling mammal
Pleistocene) †Ochotona guizhongensis (Tibet, late Miocene) †Ochotona lagreli (China: Inner Mongolia, late Miocene to late Pliocene) †Ochotona magna (China, early
Pika
Family of rodents
Oligocene to Miocene Carbomys Mein & Adrover, 1982 - Miocene Graphiurops Bachmayer & Wilson, 1980 - Miocene Miodyromys Kretzoi, 1943 - Early Miocene Praearmantomys
Dormouse
Genus of mammals
deperdita - Late Miocene Europe Gazella dorcadoides - Middle Miocene Asia Gazella pilgrimi - Late Miocene Europe Gazella gaudryi - Middle Miocene Eurasia Gazella
Gazelle
Extinct family of carnivores
late Eocene (35 Ma), and further spread to Asia and Africa by the early Miocene (23 Ma). Amphicyonids were among the first lineages of carnivorans to reach
Amphicyonidae
Family of birds
G. egeriana, was found in early Miocene deposits in Dolnice in the Czech Republic. During the remainder of the Miocene, Gavia managed to disperse into
Loon
Extinct genus of sperm whale from the Miocene epoch
known from the Pisco Formation of Peru during the Tortonian stage of the Miocene epoch, about 8.9–9.9 million years ago (mya); however, finds of isolated
Livyatan
2000 novel by Sean McMullen
The Miocene Arrow is a post-apocalyptic novel by Australian writer Sean McMullen. It is the middle book of the Greatwinter trilogy. In isolated pockets
The_Miocene_Arrow
Extinct genus of mammals
member of the extinct elephantid genus Mammuthus. They lived from the late Miocene epoch (from around 6.2 million years ago) into the Holocene until about
Mammoth
The Miocene Ditch is one of three historic ditches along the west side of the Nome River, on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. It and the other two, the Seward
Miocene_Ditch
Family of carnivores
Ailurids appear to have originated during the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene in Europe. The earliest known member, Amphictis, was likely an unspecialised
Ailuridae
Drying-up of the Mediterranean Sea 5.96–5.33 million years ago
desiccation (drying-up) throughout the latter part of the Messinian age of the Miocene epoch, from 5.96 to 5.33 Ma (million years ago). It ended with the Zanclean
Messinian_salinity_crisis
Extinct family of flightless birds
a similar ecological niche in North America across the Eocene to Early Miocene; some, like Paracrax, were similar in size to the largest phorusrhacids
Phorusrhacidae
Family of hoofed mammals
"La faune des mammifères des sables Miocènes du synclinal d'Esvres (Val de Loire)" [The mammalian fauna of the Miocene sands of the syncline Esvres (Loire
Deer
Second epoch of the Neogene Period
epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch. Prior to the 2009 revision
Pliocene
Family of mammals
larger than living rhinoceroses, with the genus Menoceras from the Early Miocene of North America having an estimated body mass of 313 kilograms (690 lb)
Rhinoceros
Miocene, also typeset as {MIOCENE}, was an English rock band from London. Forming in 1998, but consolidating their line-up in 2000, Miocene came to the
Miocene_(band)
Genus of sharks
the Eocene †G. clarkensis and †G. eaglesomei, Oligocene-late Miocene †G. aduncus, Miocene †G. mayumbensis, and Pliocene †G. capellinii) much lower than
Galeocerdo
Cepphus (Late Miocene – Recent) Cerorhinca (Late Miocene – Recent) Uria (Late Miocene – Recent) Aethia (Late Miocene – Recent) Alca (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene –
List_of_fossil_bird_genera
Extinct genus of rodents
known from Miocene deposits in China, Japan, Pakistan, and Thailand. The fossil range is from the late Early Miocene to the Middle Miocene (22.5–11 Ma)
Diatomys
Extinct genus of carnivorans
genus of otters known from Africa and South Asia that lived from the late Miocene to the early Pleistocene. It contains nine confirmed species, two debated
Enhydriodon
Mountain range in Hungary
Mountains and the Carpathians. Formations formed before the volcanism in the Miocene, are located primarily on the steep northern side of the Mátra. The reason
Mátra
Third and current era of the Phanerozoic Eon
to 2.58 million years ago. It features two epochs: the Miocene, and the Pliocene. The Miocene Epoch spans from 23.03 to 5.333 million years ago and is
Cenozoic
Extinct order of mammals
herrerae (early Miocene, Colhuehuapian SALMA) Acyon myctoderos (late middle Miocene, Laventan SALMA) Acyon tricuspidatus (late early Miocene, Santacrucian
Sparassodonta
Extinct genus of mammals
Parachoerodon is an extinct genus of proboscideans that lived during the Miocene of Eurasia. Two species in this genus, P. chioticus and P. connexum, were
Parachoerodon
Species of fish
grahami Weems, 1985 - Middle Miocene (Langhian/Serravallian) of Virginia, USA †Ranzania ogaii Uyeno & Sakamoto, 1994 - Middle Miocene (Langhian) of Saitama,
Slender_sunfish
the Tasmanian wolf (Thylacinus cynocephalus), and bigger than its fellow Miocene relative Thylacinus potens, usually being 57.3 kilograms in weight. The
Largest_prehistoric_animals
Family of extinct mammals
the Oligocene to the Pleistocene, reached its greatest diversity in the Miocene, and is known from Asia, Europe, Africa and North America. Asia appears
Chalicotheriidae
Extinct genus of mammals
extinct genus of rhinocerotid endemic to North America during the Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene). The name Teleoceras is derived from Greek: "perfect" (teleos)
Teleoceras
Extinct genus of large herbivorous proboscidean mammals
distantly related to modern-day elephants. Fossils are known from middle Miocene strata from parts of Asia and the Caucasus. The first specimens of Platybelodon
Platybelodon
Family of primates
equable climatic regimes of the early and middle Miocene. The most recent of these far-flung Miocene apes (hominoids) is Oreopithecus, from the fossil-rich
Hominidae
Family of mammals in Africa and Asia
Herpestidae originated about 21.8 ± 3.6 million years ago in the Early Miocene and genetically diverged into two main lineages between 19.1 and 18.5 ± 3
Mongoose
Extinct hominid from Miocene Africa
extinct genus of hominid dated to about 7 million years ago during the Late Miocene. The type species, Sahelanthropus tchadensis, was first announced in 2002
Sahelanthropus
Extinct subfamily of reptiles
diversified between their first appearance during the Eocene and the Oligocene-Miocene boundary, when as many as five different genera of very different morphology
Mekosuchinae
Family of fishes
Sakamoto, 1994 from the Middle Miocene of Japan; and an as yet unnamed species from the Upper Miocene of Algeria. An Early Miocene-aged fossil molid beak (potentially
Molidae
Extinct genus of elephant-like mammals
Miocene G. libycum (Fourtau, 1918) Egypt, Early Miocene G. inopinatum (Borissiak and Belyaeva, 1928) China, late Early Miocene-Early middle Miocene G
Gomphotherium
Family of mammals
the Late Miocene. With their large upper canine saber teeth, they were adapted to prey on large-bodied megaherbivores. During the Late Miocene and early
Felidae
Extinct genus of mammals
an extinct genus of large, long-legged suid artiodactyl mammal from the Miocene of Eurasia and Africa. The genera Libycochoerus and Megalochoerus were
Kubanochoerus
Extinct genus of birds
miocaenus is known from 23 MA Aquitanian (Early Miocene) sediments – formerly believed to be of Middle Miocene age – of Armagnac (France). The original specimen
Pelagornis
Species of bird in South America
hoatzin relative is specimen UCMP 42823, a single cranium backside. It is of Miocene origin and was recovered in the upper Magdalena River Valley, Colombia
Hoatzin
Largest species of toothed whale
fossils date from the Miocene period, 23 to 5 million years ago. Diaphorocetus, from Argentina, has been dated to the early Miocene. Fossil sperm whales
Sperm_whale
Geological formation in Kenya
Leakey has also carried out extensive paleontological research at Lothagam. Miocene-Pliocene deposits and numerous palaeontological finds have been found at
Lothagam
Extinct genus of bears
found in Miocene through Pleistocene-aged strata of Eurasia and Africa. The earliest species, A. inexpetans, evolved during the Late Miocene, around 7
Agriotherium
Family of birds
Palaeoaramides (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene – Late Miocene of France) Genus Rhenanorallus (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Mainz Basin, Germany) Genus Paraortygometra
Rail_(bird)
Extinct genus of carnivores
(known colloquially as "bear-dogs"), subfamily Amphicyoninae, from the Miocene epoch. Members of this family received their vernacular name for possessing
Amphicyon
Family of ray-finned fishes
for lanternfish and whales. The warmer late Oligocene to early middle Miocene period was characterised by an increase in the disparity of lanternfish
Lanternfish
Genus of extinct proboscidean
in southeast Europe). The oldest fossils of the genus are found in Late Miocene strata in Asia, likely originating from the more archaic Stegolophodon
Stegodon
Extinct species of whale shark
that lived in Miocene epoch, in the late Burdigalian age. Carlos Martínez-Pérez, Jose Luis Herraiz (2022). First fossil record (Middle Miocene) of the viper
Rhincodon_ferriolensis
Extinct great ape from Europe
Dryopithecus is a genus of extinct great apes from the middle–late Miocene boundary of Europe 12.5 to 11.1 million years ago (mya). Since its discovery
Dryopithecus
Birds from the order Strigiformes
Eocene/Early Oligocene – Late Miocene) includes "Bubo" arvernensis and Paratyto Prosybris (Early Oligocene? – Early Miocene) Placement unresolved Tytonidae
Owl
Extinct subfamily of sabertooth cats
known machairodont genus is the middle Miocene Miomachairodus from Africa and Turkey. Until the late Miocene, machairodontines co-existed at several
Machairodontinae
Biological phenomenon
larger-than-normal size. For example, on prehistoric Gargano Island in the Miocene-Pliocene Mediterranean, on islands in the Caribbean like Cuba, and on Madagascar
Island_gigantism
Subfamily of carnivores
†Aragonictis Valenciano et al., 2022 - Middle Miocene Europe A. araid †Circamustela Petter, 1967 - Middle to Late Miocene Spain and Germany C. dechaseauxi C. hartmanni
Guloninae
the upper Aksu Basin was formed by "erosion, then subsidence" in the Miocene: a foreland basin, after and related to the SE-ward emplacement of the
Aksu_Basin
Species of fish
endangered. The earliest known fossils of the genus are from the mid-late Miocene-aged Agnevo Formation of Sakhalin Island. Parahucho perryi is one of the
Sakhalin_taimen
consists of a sequence of sedimentary rocks of late Oligocene to late Miocene age cut through by a set of extensional faults of Pliocene age. The Maltese
Geology_of_Malta
formed in the last 66 million years of the Cenozoic, particularly in the Miocene and Pliocene. The island is an example of hotspot volcanism, with mainly
Geology_of_Madeira
Sedimentary basin located along the coast of southern California
marine rocks of Cenozoic age. Locally, middle Miocene volcanics can be seen as well as Eocene to Miocene aged non-marine sedimentary rocks. There is also
Los_Angeles_Basin
Subfamily of Eurasian insectivores
†Asthenoscapter Miocene, Europe Genus †Archaeodesmana Miocene-Pliocene, Europe Genus †Desmanella Miocene, Europe Genus †Gaillardia Miocene, North America
Desman
Genus of plants
australis (Argentina, Early Oligocene-Early Miocene) †Nothofagus balfourensis (Tasmania, Late Oligocene-Early Miocene) †Nothofagus beardmorensis (Antarctica
Nothofagus
Genus of birds
most seabirds. Larus sp. (Middle Miocene of Grund, Austria) Larus sp. (Middle Miocene of Romania) Larus sp. (Late? Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine
Larus
Family of extinct elephant-like mammals
Early Miocene (at least 17.3 million years ago) to the Late Pleistocene. It contains two genera, the earlier Stegolophodon, known from the Miocene of Asia
Stegodontidae
Genus of birds
(Late Miocene of Molayan, Afghanistan) - doubtfully distinct from G. penteleci Grus sp. 1 (Late Miocene of Love Bone Bed, USA) Grus sp. 2 (Late Miocene of
Grus_(bird)
Extinct genus of hominins
Ardipithecus is a genus of an extinct hominine that lived during the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene epochs in the Afar Depression, Ethiopia. Originally
Ardipithecus
the Miocene and Pliocene in Europe, Asia, and Africa. †Aureliachoerus Ginsburg, 1974 - Miocene, Europe †Chicochoerus Orliac et al., 2006 - Miocene, Europe
Hyotheriinae
overlaying Miocene rocks. This transgression originally deposited near-shore sands, followed by shallow water siltstones. Towards the middle Miocene, the region
Nias_Basin
Order of marsupials
from the fossil record, particularly from the late Oligocene to early Miocene epochs. The earliest paucituberculatans date to the late Paleocene (Itaboraian
Paucituberculata
Genus of birds
details to that of a modern sea eagle. The genus was present in the middle Miocene (12–16 Mya) with certainty. The point of origin of the sea- and fishing
Sea_eagle
Extinct genus of reptiles
Argentina, Peru, and Venezuela between the middle Eocene and the Late Miocene, ~42–11.6 Ma. Described in 2007, based on a severely damaged specimen from
Barinasuchus
Vampalus Zygiocetus (Miocene to Pliocene) Amphicetus Diorocetus Plesiocetopsis Uranocetus (Miocene to Recent) Miocaperea (Miocene) Cophocetus Parietobalaena
List_of_extinct_cetaceans
Genus of birds
sanctialbani (Middle - Late Miocene of Central Europe) - formerly in Strix; includes T. campiterrae Tyto robusta (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of the Gargano
Tyto
Family of aquatic birds
Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan) Nectornis (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Central Europe – Middle Miocene of Bes-Konak, Turkey) – includes Oligocorax miocaenus
Cormorant
Family of mammals
anthracotheres some time during the Miocene. The oldest records of Hippopotamidae are from Afro-Arabia and date to the late Miocene, approximately 7.4 million
Hippopotamidae
Prehistoric ocean between Gondwana and Laurasia
formed during the Late Triassic and lasted in some form up to the Oligocene–Miocene boundary (about 24–21 million years ago) when it completely closed. A portion
Tethys_Ocean
Extinct genus of hathliacynid sparassodonts
genus of hathliacynid sparassodonts that lived in South America during the Miocene epoch. Acyon myctoderos is distinguished from Acyon herrerae by virtue
Acyon
Extinct order of mammals
native to the North Pacific from the early Oligocene (Rupelian) to the late Miocene (Tortonian) (30.8 to 7.25 million years ago). Desmostylians are the only
Desmostylia
Family of mammals belonging to even-toed ungulates
even smaller) and a lack of facial glands. While various Oligocene and Miocene pecorans were previously assigned to this family, recent studies find that
Moschidae
Genus of plants
Miocene epoch. The fossil species Catalpa hispaniolae known from Dominican amber indicates the presence of the genus in the Caribbean by the Miocene.
Catalpa
Family of birds
groups of living bowerbirds are presumed to have occurred only in the Miocene, some time after Sericuloides lived. Thus, the fossil species may have
Bowerbird
Extinct genus of bears
extinct genus of short-faced bear endemic to North America from the Late Miocene to the Pliocene. Described by Childs Frick in 1926, Plionarctos is the
Plionarctos
Extinct genus of even-toed ungulates
is a genus of extinct suid even-toed ungulates that existed during the Miocene to the Pleistocene in Europe and Asia. "Fossilworks: Hippopotamodon". fossilworks
Hippopotamodon
Extinct genus of sabertooth cat
inhabited Eurasia, North America, and possibly Africa during the Late Miocene to Early Pliocene epoch. It was probably descended from Machairodus, and
Amphimachairodus
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
Girl/Female
Italian Latin
Gift.
Male
German
Low German form of Old High German Ricohard, RIKERT means "powerful ruler."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Latin
Messenger of the gods.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Without Heat
Boy/Male
Hindu
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Lotus
Female
Welsh
Welsh name ELAIN means "fawn."
Girl/Female
Afghan, African, Arabic, British, French, Indian, Muslim, Nigerian, Sanskrit, Swahili, Tamil
Patient; Merciful; Poisonous; Gentle; Mannered; Kind
Male
Swiss
, man or hero of God.
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
MIOCENE
n.
A large extinct proboscidean mammal from the miocene beds of Europe and Asia. It is remarkable fora pair of tusks directed downward from the decurved apex of the lower jaw.
n.
A large American Miocene mammal, allied to the rhinoceros, and more nearly to the extinct Brontotherium.
a.
See Miocene.
n.
An extinct genus of mammals closely allied to the elephant, but having less complex molar teeth, and often a pair of lower, as well as upper, tusks, which are incisor teeth. The species were mostly larger than elephants, and their romains occur in nearly all parts of the world in deposits ranging from Miocene to late Quaternary time.
a.
More recent than the Eocene, that is, including both the Miocene and Pliocene divisions of the Tertiary.
n.
The Miocene period. See Chart of Geology.
n.
A genus of large extinct mammals from the miocene strata of western North America. They were allied to the rhinoceros, but the skull bears a pair of powerful horn cores in front of the orbits, and the fore feet were four-toed. See Illustration in Appendix.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or designating, certain strata which occupy an intermediate position between the Eocene and Miocene periods.
n.
A series of strata, of the Middle Tertiary period, of France, abounding in shells, and used by Lyell as the type of his Miocene subdivision.
a.
Of or pertaining to the middle division of the Tertiary.
n.
An extinct Miocene mammal of the Horse family, closely related to the genus Anhithecrium, and having three usable hoofs on each foot.