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Prehistoric shallow inland sea in Eurasia
The Paratethys Sea, Paratethys Ocean, Paratethys realm or just Paratethys (meaning "beside Tethys"), was a large shallow inland sea that covered much
Paratethys
Prehistoric ocean between Gondwana and Laurasia
covered by a northern branch of the Tethys Ocean, called the Paratethys. The Paratethys was separated from the Tethys with the formation of the Alps,
Tethys_Ocean
Shallow ancient sea where the Pannonian Basin in Central Europe is today
the Paratethys Sea, until about 10 million years ago, when a Miocene uplift of the Carpathian Mountains isolated the sea from the rest of Paratethys. During
Pannonian_Sea
First epoch of the Neogene Period
Central Paratethys, cut off from sources of freshwater input by its separation from the Eastern Paratethys. From 13.36 to 12.65 Ma, the Central Paratethys was
Miocene
Lake in Eurasia
its South Caspian Basin, like the Black Sea, a remnant of the ancient Paratethys Sea. Its seafloor is, therefore, a standard oceanic basalt and not a continental
Caspian_Sea
Extinct species of fish
of seahorse from the Middle Miocene of Europe, where it inhabited the Paratethys Sea. Fossil specimens were discovered in 2005 from the Serravallian-aged
Hippocampus_slovenicus
Extinct species of fish
of seahorse from the Middle Miocene of Europe, where it inhabited the Paratethys Sea. Fossil specimens were discovered in 2005 from the Serravallian-aged
Hippocampus_sarmaticus
Extinct genus of fishes
Several species are known that inhabited the northwestern Tethys and later Paratethys region, centered around east-central Europe and west Asia. This genus
Anenchelum
Extinct species of ocean sunfish
sister taxon to Mola and Masturus. This species was a resident of the Paratethys Sea and is estimated to have reached a length around 320 cm (130 in),
Austromola
One of the Eurasian steppes
Ponto-Caspian seas are the remains of the Turgai Sea, an extension of the Paratethys which extended south and east of the Urals and covering much of today's
Pontic–Caspian_steppe
Extinct genus of carnivores
earless seals from Neogene marine deposits in the northern part of the Paratethys basin. There are three recognized species of Pachyphoca: P. ukrainica
Pachyphoca
Extinct genus of snakes
million years ago during the Eocene epoch of the Paleogene Period, in the Paratethys Sea, within the northern Sahara, where Egypt and Algeria are now located
Gigantophis
Genus of gastropods
significant expansion of range from the Atlanto-Mediterranean region and the Paratethys seas. Species within the genus Euthria include: Euthria abrotona Fraussen
Euthria
Global warming about 55 million years ago
calcareous nannoplankton to the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum in the Paratethys Seaway (Tarim Basin, West China)". Global and Planetary Change. 217 103918
Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum
Paleocene–Eocene_thermal_maximum
Species of gastropod
Calliostomatidae Thiele, 1924 (1847)] from the middle Miocene of Ukraine, Central Paratethys". Acta Geologica Polonica: 499. doi:10.24425/agp.2019.126462. ISSN 0001-5709
Jujubinus_vexans
Species of gastropod
from the Late Middle Miocene of Austria (the Sarmatian Craton of the Paratethys) in the age range between 13.65 Ma and 11.608 Ma. It was an epifaunal
Gibbula_buchi
Geologic age of the late Miocene
The Tortonian roughly overlaps with the regional Pannonian Stage of the Paratethys timescale of Central Europe. It also overlaps the upper Astaracian, Vallesian
Tortonian
Extinct genus of ray-finned fishes
of Some Groups of Marine Bony Fishes in the Cenozoic of the Tethys and Paratethys". Paleontological Journal. 57 (5): 475–490. doi:10.1134/S0031030123050015
Hemingwaya
Suborder of fishes
Mateusz (2024). "A new clupeoid genus from the Oligocene of Central Paratethys (Menilite Formation, Poland)". Acta Geologica Polonica. 74 (1): E5. doi:10
Clupeoidei
Genus of ray-finned fishes
(2017-03-01). "Otoliths in situ from Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) fishes of the Paratethys. Part II: Gadidae and Lotidae". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 136 (1):
Mullus
Eurasian sea northeast of the Mediterranean
made in the Eastern Black Sea.[citation needed] During the Eocene, the Paratethys Sea was partially isolated and sea levels fell. During this time sand
Black_Sea
Genus of fishes
dracula Grădianu et al., 2017 - Oligocene of Romania (at the time in the Paratethys Sea) Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Gonostoma"
Gonostoma
Extinct genus of dugong
seagrass specialists, they inhabited the warm and shallow waters of the Paratethys, Mediterranean, Caribbean Sea and Pacific coastline. American species
Metaxytherium
Topics referred to by the same term
Kechil or Pontian Town Pontian stage (Pontian age), the uppermost Miocene Paratethys stage, coeval with the Messinian Ponciano (disambiguation) Pons (disambiguation)
Pontian
Sixth and last age of the Miocene Epoch, about 7 to 5 million years ago
Mega Zone (more precisely MN 12 and 13) and the Pontian Central European Paratethys Stage. It also overlaps the late Huayquerian and early Montehermosan South
Messinian
Extinct genus of carnivores
extinct genus of earless seals from the middle-late Miocene of the eastern Paratethys basin and the North Sea. There are two recognized species of Pontophoca
Pontophoca
Extinct genus of fishes
Caprovesposus is an extinct, prehistoric surgeonfish that inhabited the Paratethys Sea from the Oligocene to Middle Miocene. It is known from a two species
Caprovesposus
Pałdyna, M. (2024). "A new clupeoid genus from the Oligocene of Central Paratethys (Menilite Formation, Poland)". Acta Geologica Polonica. 74 (1). e5. doi:10
2024_in_paleoichthyology
Extinct volcanoes in Styria, Austria
East Styrian Volcanic Land, This sedimentary area of the Graz Bay of the Paratethys Sea, from which some volcanic island mountains protrude, was formed at
Gleichenberg_Kögel
Extinct genus of fishes
the Central Paratethys. Marramà, Giuseppe; Schultz, Ortwin; Kriwet, Jürgen (3 June 2019). "A new Miocene skate from the Central Paratethys (Upper Austria):
Ostarriraja
Extinct genus of sharks
(Burdigalian) of Slovenia, extending it's known range to the southeastern central paratethys ocean. Welton, B.J. (2013). "A new archaic basking shark (Lamniformes:
Keasius
Family of fishes
genus of the family Sciaenidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) from the eastern Paratethys". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 8 (6): 535–544. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2009.03.001
Combtooth_blenny
Family of fish
22 million years ago. It is thought that they probably evolved in the Paratethys Sea. The following fossil genera are known: †Morgula Gracia et al., 2022
Marlin
Extinct genus of fishes
sites, would have been endemic to a marginal sea associated with the Paratethys. There is only one species currently recognized being P. luteus. Pseudotetrapturus
Pseudotetrapturus
Extinct genus of sperm whales
around 11.6 to 7.2 million years ago (mya), and most likely inhabited the Paratethys sea. This formation has also unearthed the remains of several other large
Zygophyseter
Age or a stage in the middle Miocene Epoch
It is also coeval with the Sarmatian and upper Badenian Stages of the Paratethys time scale of Central and eastern Europe. The Serravallian Stage was introduced
Serravallian
Extinct genus of fishes
Miocene Stage of the Central Paratethys" (PDF). Teleost Fishes from the Karpatian (Lower Miocene) of the Western Paratethys. Masaryk University Brno. Kowalke
Dapalis
Historical and geographical region of Italy
Scontrone. Neogene Park: Vertebrate Migration in the Mediterranean & Paratethys. Scontrone: RCMNS Interim Colloquium. pp. 32–36. Masini, Federico; Rinaldi
Gargano
Extinct species of ant
deposits is uncertain. Bitterfeld represents a section of the Eocene Paratethys Sea, and the amber that is recovered from the region is thought to be
Pachycondyla_succinea
Extinct species of gastropod
2019-01-06 Kovács Z. (2018). Description of three new species of Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the Miocene Paratethys. Novapex. 19(1): 29-35. v t e v t e
Menathais_viciani
Extinct species of gastropod
Sosso. 2016. Middle Miocene conoidean gastropods from western Ukraine (Paratethys): Integrative taxonomy, palaeo-climatogical and palaeobiogeographical
Mangelia_larga
Extinct giant shark species
from the southern margin of the Pannonian basin system (Serbia, Central Paratethys". Geoloski Anali Balkanskoga Poluostrv. 80: 29–43. doi:10.2298/GABP1901029J
Megalodon
Genus of fishes
significant species diversity in the marine basins of the Mediterranean and Paratethys, but appear to have been significantly affected by salinity fluctuations
Lates
Extinct genus of dolphins
slender jaws and homodont teeth and roamed the marine waters of the Central Paratethys that once covered much of Europe. Phylogenetic analysis has shown that
Romaleodelphis
Family of fishes
(2017). "Otoliths in situ from Sarmatian (Middle Miocene) fishes of the Paratethys. Part IV: Scorpaenidae, Labridae, and Gobiesocidae". Swiss Journal of
Scorpaenidae
from the Early Oligocene of western Europe, which was covered by the Paratethys at the time. Fossil specimens are known from the Frauenweiler clay pit
Aulostomus_medius
Extinct species of shark
Shark-References. 1909. Micklich, N., Pharisat, A. "Oligocene fishes in the western Paratethys of the Rhine Valley Rift System". Italian Journal of Zoology. Retrieved
Alopias_latidens
Geologic formation in Iran
deposited in a deepwater environment in the upper bathyal zone of the Paratethys Sea, with these abyssal sediments being lifted high above sea level from
Pabdeh_Formation
Extinct genus of birds
SE Italy). Neogene Park: Vertebrate Migration in the Mediterranean & Paratethys. Scontrone: RCMNS Interim Colloquium. pp. 78–80. Pavia, M. (2013). "The
Garganornis
Species of gastropod
Fossils of this marine species were found in Miocene strata in the former Paratethys Sea. MolluscaBase eds. (2023). MolluscaBase. Vexillum harmati Csepreghy-Meznerics
Vexillum_harmati
Mediterranean fish
Middle Miocene of central and eastern Europe, where it inhabited the Paratethys Sea. (Making Sparus aurata the only extant Species in the Genus Sparus)
Gilt-head_bream
Family of fishes
significant center of endemism for the alosids and other clupeoids in the Paratethys. The freshwater †Chasmoclupea from the Oligocene of Egypt may also be
Alosidae
Genus of sharks
Andre Pharisat & Norbert Micklich (1998) Oligocene fishes in the western Paratethys of the Rhine Valley Rift System, Italian Journal of Zoology, 65:S1, 163–168
Mako_shark
Extinct genus of fishes
known from the Matt Formation. It inhabited the marine environment of the Paratethys. The following species are known. All were formerly placed in the preoccupied
Balistomorphus
Extinct genus of fishes
morid gadiform fish that lived during the early Oligocene epoch in the Paratethys Sea, where it is known from both the eastern and western regions. It represents
Eophycis
Suborder of fishes
Ortwin; Kriwet, Jürgen (3 June 2019). "A new Miocene skate from the Central Paratethys (Upper Austria): the first unambiguous skeletal record for the Rajiformes
Stingray
A study on the causes of changes of environmental conditions in the Paratethys Sea of Central Europe during the middle Miocene is published online by
2018_in_paleontology
Science of the geographic distribution of animal species
killifish (Aphanius and Aphanolebias) in locales of the Mediterranean and Paratethys areas revealed climatological influences during the Miocene Further development
Zoogeography
Family of fishes
belong to its own family more closely related to carangids. The former Paratethys Sea appears to have been a hotspot of endemism for many of these extinct
Sciaenidae
Extinct genus of fishes
Formation in the Carpathian Flysch Belt of Poland, in what was formerly the Paratethys Sea. It is one of the very few known fossil slickheads, a group of ray-finned
Carpathichthys
representing that of coastal lagoons within the Eastern Paratethys. During this time, the Eastern Paratethys was largely closed off from the rest of the inland
Karpov_Yar_Locality
Marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean
shallow seas, such as the sea above the Paris Basin to the south-west, the Paratethys Sea to the south-east, or the Tethys Ocean to the south. During the Late
North_Sea
Species of gastropod
miters. Fossils of this marine species were found in Miocene strata of the Paratethys Sea; in Pliocene strata in the Alpes-Maritimes, France. MolluscaBase eds
Vexillum_michelottii
Extinct genus of fishes
genus of lanternfish that inhabited the Peri-Tethys region and later the Paratethys Sea from the Eocene to the Oligocene. Its remains are known from throughout
Eomyctophum
Extinct family of ray-finned fishes
genera being specifically found in the western Paratethys. The family would not reach the eastern Paratethys until the Oligocene with earlier genera along
Palaeorhynchidae
Extinct species of gastropod
Sosso. 2016. Middle Miocene conoidean gastropods from western Ukraine (Paratethys): Integrative taxonomy, palaeo-climatogical and palaeobiogeographical
Mangelia_angulicosta
Family of fishes
Ebelsberg Formation near Pucking, Austria. This species was a resident of the Paratethys Sea and is estimated to have reached a length around 320 cm (130 in),
Molidae
First Age of the Oligocene Epoch
Refugian and lower Zemorrian stages of California and the lower Kiscellian Paratethys stage of Central and eastern Europe. Other regionally used alternatives
Rupelian
Species of gastropod
inquirendum) Fossils have been found in Mid Miocene strata in the Central Paratethys. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Alvania pseudalvania (Andrusov
Alvania_pseudalvania
Extinct species of gastropod
Harzhauser M. & Landau B. (2016). A revision of the Neogene Conidae and Conorbidae (Gastropoda) of the Paratethys Sea. Zootaxa. 4210(1): 1-178. v t e
Conilithes_brezinae
Extinct species of gastropod
Rissoidae. Fossils have been found in Mid Miocene strata in the Central Paratethys. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Alvania holubicensis Friedberg
Alvania_holubicensis
Extinct volcanic field in Styria, Austria
Styrian basin and the simultaneous filling of part of the associated Paratethys sea began about 18 ma, in that period the volcanic activity would begin
Steirisches_Vulkanland
Extinct genus of crestfish
of Some Groups of Marine Bony Fishes in the Cenozoic of the Tethys and Paratethys". Paleontological Journal. 57 (5): 475–490. doi:10.1134/S0031030123050015
Babelichthys
Extinct species of shark
relationships with Early Miocene faunas in the North Atlantic, Central Paratethys and Mediterranean" (PDF). Paleontons. Retrieved 7 October 2024. Bor, Taco;
Sphyrna_arambourgi
Species of gastropod
Dolicholatiridae and Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea". Zootaxa. 5470 (1): 41. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5470.1.1.{{cite journal}}:
Ariefusus_szobiensis
"Marine shelled Heterobranchia in part (Gastropoda) of the Miocene Central Paratethys Sea". Zootaxa. 5742 (1): 1–150. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5742.1.1. Aguilar
2026_in_paleomalacology
Extinct genus of baleen whale
a clade with several taxa from the North Atlantic, Mediterranean and Paratethys Basins, including Herentalia, Brandtocetus and Ciuciulea. Depending on
Albacetus
Second epoch of the Neogene Period
8–4.0 Ma), Chapadmalalan (4.0–3.0 Ma) and Uquian (3.0–1.2 Ma). In the Paratethys area (central Europe and parts of western Asia) the Pliocene contains
Pliocene
Grasshopper that has a swarming phase
marine environment. The locust was likely migrating across the early Paratethys Sea, between the emergent Arabian Peninsula and central Iran, which were
Locust
Extinct genus of sea snails
diversity—the Costellariidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea". Zootaxa. 4982 (1): 34.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names:
Fedosovia
Second age of the Oligocene Epoch
Tabenbulakian mammal zone of Asia; the upper Kiscellian and lower Egerian Paratethys stages of Central and eastern Europe; the upper Janjukian and lower Longfordian
Chattian
Genus of brown algae
Early Oligocene-aged Menilite Formation of Poland, in what was once the Paratethys Sea, suggesting that floating Sargassum mats have been a dominant feature
Sargassum
Family of brittle stars
2003. First record of gorgonocephalid ophiuroids (Echinodermata) from the Middle Miocene of the Central Paratethys. Cainozoic Research 2: 143-155 v t e
Gorgonocephalidae
Suborder of small freshwater animals
Aral Sea, Black Sea including Sea of Azov), in remnants of the ancient Paratethys ocean. Some other species live in fresh water or in the oceans, where
Onychopoda
Species of gastropod
Calliostomatidae Thiele, 1924 (1847)] from the middle Miocene of Ukraine, Central Paratethys". Acta Geologica Polonica (in Polish): 499–501. doi:10.24425/agp.2019
Jujubinus_zukowcensis
Subfamily of carnivores
Cystophorinae (Carnivora, Phocidae): Middle Miocene seals from the northern Paratethys". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 119 (3): 325–350.
Phocinae
Extinct species of gastropod
Stromboidea Database Paleobiology Database Mathias Harzhauser and Gijs C. Kronenberg The Neogene Strombid Gastropod Persististrombus in the Paratethys Sea v t e
Persististrombus_radix
Family of fishes
the miocene centracanthidae (Teleostei, Perciformes) from the eastern Paratethys". Paleontological Journal. 40 (1): 100–102. doi:10.1134/S0031030106010114
Sparidae
Extinct species of fish
zoogeography of killifishes (Aphanius and Aphanolebias) in the Mediterranean and Paratethys areas". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 281 (1–2):
Aphanius_crassicaudus
the gradually widening North Atlantic during the Palaeogene) with the Paratethys Sea (part of the shrinking Tethys Ocean). Mainz Sand Dunes Paris Basin
Mainz_Basin
Extinct genus of fishes
Ctenopomichthys is an extinct genus of marine scorpaeniform fish that inhabited the Paratethys Sea during the Miocene. It contains a single species, C. jemelka from
Ctenopomichthys
Michael (2014). "Timing of the Middle Miocene Badenian Stage of the Central Paratethys" (PDF). Geologica Carpathica. 65 (1): 55–66. doi:10.2478/geoca-2014-0004
List_of_geochronologic_names
Capital and largest city of Turkmenistan
Ashgabat's soil is primarily sediment that accumulated on the bottom of the Paratethys Ocean. The Kopet Dag mountains emerged toward the end of the Cretaceous
Ashgabat
Overview of political and geographical subdivisions by area
Archipelago 2,870,000 Archipelago between mainland Indochina and Australia. Paratethys sea 2,800,000 largest inland sea/Lake Byzantine Empire 2,800,000 Remnant
List of political and geographic subdivisions by total area (all)
List_of_political_and_geographic_subdivisions_by_total_area_(all)
Period of geologic time equivalent with the Middle Miocene
late Astaracian is poorly documented. A seaway most likely joined the Paratethys and the Mediterranean, preventing migrations. The hominoid Dryopithecus
Astaracian
Rigid organs of the skeleton of vertebrates
drives convergent bone mass increases in Miocene marine mammals from the Paratethys". Current Biology. 32 (1): 248–255.e2. Bibcode:2022CBio...32E.248D. doi:10
Bone
Third epoch of the Paleogene Period
Oligocene, creating a persistent land connection between the continents. The Paratethys Sea stretched from what is now the Balkan Peninsula across Central Asia
Oligocene
Species of freshwater seal
linked to the sea at some point through a large body of water, such as the Paratethys Sea, West Siberian Glacial Lake or West Siberian Plain, formed in a previous
Baikal_seal
Extinct genus of fishes
Poland in the light of clupeiform diversity and distribution within the Paratethys during the Oligocene". Acta Geologica Polonica (in Polish): 23. doi:10
Sanalosa
Class of jawed cartilaginous fish
water chondrichthyans from the Early Miocene of the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys, Slovakia)". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 58 (3): 487–509. doi:10.4202/app
Chondrichthyes
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