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Medical condition
Melasma (also known as chloasma faciei or the mask of pregnancy when it occurs in pregnant women) is a common skin disorder characterized by tan, brown
Melasma
Endocrine disorder
Disease of the Suprarenal Capsules (1855). He originally described it as "melasma suprarenale", but later physicians gave it the medical eponym "Addison's
Addison's_disease
Darkening of an area of skin or nails due to increased melanin
numerous dermatological disorders and can present in various forms, such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and lentigines. It tends to be more
Hyperpigmentation
Genus of flowering plants
Melasma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orobanchaceae. It includes seven species of herbaceous perennial plants native to the tropical Americas
Melasma_(plant)
Species of fish
Starksia melasma, the black spot blenny, is a species of labrisomid blenny known only from reefs around Desecheo Island, Puerto Rico and St. Croix, U
Starksia_melasma
Species of amphibian
The Siamese cascade frog or spotted-snout frog (Wijayarana melasma) is a species of frogs in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to western and northern
Siamese_cascade_frog
Species of moth
Phtheochroa melasma is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is known from Guatemala. The wingspan is 22–24 mm (0.87–0.94 in). Adults have been
Phtheochroa_melasma
Chemical compound
hydroquinone 5%, tretinoin 0.1% and dexamethasone 0.1% was trialed for melasma, ephelides and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. In 2006, United States
Hydroquinone
Species of beetle
Gagarinia melasma is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 2004. It is known from Bolivia. BioLib
Gagarinia_melasma
Dark vertical line that appears on the abdomen during pregnancy
placenta. This physiological phenomenon is concomitant with the occurrence of melasma and darkened nipples. Individuals with lighter skin pigmentation tend to
Linea_nigra
Species of fish
Eviota melasma, commonly called headspot eviota or melasma pygmy goby among various other vernacular names, is a species of marine fish in the family
Eviota_melasma
Process of lightening the color of the skin around the anus
efficacy derives largely from broader hyperpigmentation literature (e.g., melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation), rather than perianal-specific trials
Anal_bleaching
Skin condition where patches lose pigment
Tuberculoid leprosy According to 2025 analysis, those with either vitiligo or melasma (in which pigment is increased) have an increased chance of developing
Vitiligo
Combination drug
acetonide/hydroquinone/tretinoin (trade name Tri-Luma) is used for the treatment of melasma (dark skin patches).It is marketed by Galderma. In China, this generic
Fluocinolone/hydroquinone/tretinoin
Fluocinolone/hydroquinone/tretinoin
Species of fish
Creagrutus melasma, commonly known as the red-finned buck-toothed tetra, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a characin, belonging to the family
Creagrutus_melasma
Organic chemical compound
with eczema. Azelaic acid is used to treat skin pigmentation, including melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, particularly in patients with
Azelaic_acid
Chemical compound
frequent nosebleed episodes from hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. In melasma: tranexamic acid is sometimes used in skin whitening as a topical agent
Tranexamic_acid
Chronic disease caused by bacterial infection
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Leprosy
Practice of using chemical substances to lighten the skin
acid in melasma. Another 2017 review found that evidence to support its use was insufficient. Azelaic acid may be a second-line option for melasma. Decapaptide-12
Skin_whitening
American actress (born 1973)
created following her personal experience with aging, cystic acne, and melasma. Sims hosts the Lipstick On the Rim podcast. Sims married film producer
Molly_Sims
Age-related skin blemish
frozen off with liquid nitrogen; that is, via cryosurgery. Freckle Lentigo Melasma List of cutaneous conditions James WD, Berger TG, et al. (2006). Andrews'
Age_spot
Chemical compound
needed]As an example of the latter, it is used to treat skin diseases like melasma. Kojic acid also has antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is also
Kojic_acid
Harmful effect resulting from a medication or other medical intervention
diabetes) Mania caused by corticosteroids Liver damage from paracetamol Melasma and thrombosis associated with use of estrogen-containing hormonal contraception
Adverse_effect
Small pigment spots on skin
"Evaluation of the efficacy of cysteamine 5% cream in the treatment of epidermal melasma: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial". The British Journal
Lentigo
Any medical condition that affects the integumentary system
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Skin_condition
Human viral disease
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Chickenpox
Chemical compound
skin darkened by post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, sun exposure or melasma. The label for oral formulations of cysteamine carries warnings about symptoms
Cysteamine
Essential nutrient found in citrus fruits and other foods
as a topical "serum" ingredient to prevent or treat facial skin aging, melasma (dark pigmented spots), and wrinkles; however, these claims are unsubstantiated
Vitamin_C
Condition characterized by absence of pigment
maligna Mucosal lentigines Partial unilateral lentiginosis PUVA lentigines Melasma Erythema dyschromicum perstans Lichen planus pigmentosus Café au lait spot
Albinism_in_humans
Family of flowering plants known as broomrapes
Nutt. ex Benth. Magdalenaea Brade Mannagettaea Harry Sm. Melampyrum L. Melasma P.J.Bergius Micrargeria Benth. Micrargeriella R.E.Fr. Monochasma Maxim
Orobanchaceae
Localized collection of pus in body tissue
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Abscess
Autoimmune diseases of the skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Psoriasis
Pharmaceutical compound
investigated for medical uses in treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma, and has also been sold off-label as a skin-lightening product. Hydroquinone
Decapaptide-12
Human disease (bacterial infection)
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Impetigo
Antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication
evaluate the efficacy of azelaic acid in the management of acne, rosacea, melasma and skin aging". J Cosmet Dermatol. 22 (10): 2650–2662. doi:10.1111/jocd
Metronidazole
Medical condition
hydroquinone are commonly used to help with hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma. Hydroquinone is the compound most frequently used in skin-whitening products
Ochronosis
American online streamer and YouTuber (born 1992)
dermatology program at Yale University, unless someone was already prone to melasma or hyperpigmentation, they were unlikely to suffer any consequence of sitting
Valkyrae
Viral disease caused by the varicella zoster virus
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Shingles
Long-term form of skin inflammation
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Atopic_dermatitis
Sexually transmitted infection
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Syphilis
Melanin spots on skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Freckle
Genus of flowering plants in the broomrape family
Graderia Xylocalyx Radamaea Nesogenes clade consisting of: Aeginetia, Christisonia, Harveya, Hyobanche, Centranthema, Alectra, Melasma and Escobedia Sopubia
Cycnium_tubulosum
Group of autoimmune diseases resulting in abnormal growth of connective tissue
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Scleroderma
Small, rough growth resembling a cauliflower or a solid blister
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Wart
Flowering plants in the order Lamiales recorded from South Africa
endemic Genus Melasma: Melasma scabrum P.J.Bergius, indigenous Melasma scabrum P.J.Bergius var. ovatum (E.Mey. ex Benth.) Hiern, endemic Melasma scabrum P
List of Lamiales of South Africa
List_of_Lamiales_of_South_Africa
Medical condition
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Thrombotic_thrombocytopenic_purpura
Any clay material that can decolorise oil or other liquids
Whitening clay, particularly when used to treat facial pigmentation, such as melasma. Multani mitti (Hindustani: transl. 'clay of Multan'; Urdu: ملتانی مِٹّی;
Fuller's_earth
Benign skin tumor originating in keratocytes
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Seborrheic_keratosis
Alleged condition of hair suddenly turning white
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Canities_subita
Bacterial infection of the inner layers of the skin called the dermis
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Cellulitis
Medical condition
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Keloid
Skin disease
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Pityriasis_rosea
pancreatitis, or enlargement of hepatic hemangiomas. Cutaneous: chloasma or melasma (which may continue despite discontinuation of the drug), erythema multiforme
List of side effects of estradiol
List_of_side_effects_of_estradiol
Autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks healthy tissue
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Lupus
Fungal infection
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Coccidioidomycosis
Skin condition, usually on the face
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Rosacea
Medical condition cause by blood clots
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation
Inflammation from allergen or irritant exposure
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Contact_dermatitis
Time of offspring development in mother's body
veins Peripheral edema (swelling of legs, feet, and ankles) Gum bleeding Melasma Other common symptoms include constipation, back pain, pelvic girdle pain
Pregnancy
Thickened and hardened area of skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Callus
Inflammation of fat tissue under the skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Erythema_nodosum
Medical condition (infection)
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Boil_(infection)
Viral disease caused by herpes simplex viruses
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Herpes
hyperpigmentation, can be a few different phenomena: Melasma describes the darkening of the skin. A type of Melasma is Chloasma, the skin discolorations caused
Human_skin_color
Small benign skin tumor
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Skin_tag
Human and animal disease of follicles
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Folliculitis
Medical disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Vasculitis
Loss of hair from areas on the body
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Alopecia_areata
Klein–Waardenburg syndrome Lead poisoning Leukoderma Melanoma-associated leukoderma Melasma (chloasma faciei, mask of pregnancy) Mukamel syndrome Necklace of Venus
List_of_skin_conditions
Fungal infection due to any type of Candida
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Candidiasis
Field of medicine dealing with the hair, nails, skin, and its diseases
resurfacing and rejuvenation Chemical peels for the treatment of acne, melasma, and sun damage Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of skin cancer and
Dermatology
Fungal infection
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Tinea_cruris
Medical condition of benign mouth ulcers forming periodically
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Aphthous_stomatitis
Mole or birthmark; visible, circumscribed, chronic skin lesion
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Nevus
Medical condition with rash and bleeding risk
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura
Rough skin induced by UV exposure
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Actinic_keratosis
Autoimmune disease of skin and connective tissue characterized by large blisters
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Bullous_pemphigoid
westralis Ponder, Clark & Miller, 1999 Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774) Melasma onca (Adams and Angas, 1864) Mieniplotia scabra (O. F. Müller, 1774) Plotiopsis
List of non-marine molluscs of Australia
List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Australia
Medical condition
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Ingrown_nail
Human disease
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Scabies
Birth control method taken orally
contraceptive pills include nausea, vomiting, increases in blood pressure, and melasma (facial skin discoloration); these effects are not strongly associated
Combined oral contraceptive pill
Combined_oral_contraceptive_pill
Protected area in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand
megacephalum). Deignan's babblers (Stachyridopsis rodolphei) and Huia melasma are endemic to this area. This sanctuary is also home to Rhacophorus kio
Chiang_Dao_Wildlife_Sanctuary
Form of scleroderma involving isolated patches of hardened skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Morphea
Most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Mycosis_fungoides
Chronic autoimmune disorder leading to blistering skin
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Dermatitis_herpetiformis
Cancer of the skin, integumentary lymph nodes, or other organs
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Kaposi's_sarcoma
Medical condition
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Onychomycosis
Skin infection caused by fungus
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Athlete's_foot
Benign tumor made of fat tissue
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Lipoma
Virus that causes digestive upset and sometimes heart damage
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Coxsackievirus
Feeding of infants/toddlers with breast milk
of the nipples and areola, formation of the linea nigra, and onset of melasma of pregnancy. From about the 16th week of pregnancy, the breasts can begin
Breastfeeding
Type of gender-affirming medical treatment
epidermal thickness, softening the skin. Some skin conditions, including melasma, are found in trans women at the same rate at cisgender women. Body odor
Feminizing_hormone_therapy
Family of DNA viruses
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Herpesviridae
Human chronic inflammatory disease
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Lichen_planus
Skin disease characterized by red, raised, and itchy bumps
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Hives
Skin disease
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Seborrhoeic_dermatitis
Either of two extreme points in a celestial object's orbit
-galacticon Gr: galaxias; galaxy Barycenter -center -focus -apsis Black hole -melasma -bothron -nigricon Gr: melos; black Gr: bothros; hole Lat: niger; black
Apsis
Cutaneous fungal infection of the scalp
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Tinea_capitis
Medical condition
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma
Cutaneous_squamous-cell_carcinoma
Rare and highly aggressive skin cancer
carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Dermal and subcutaneous
Merkel-cell_carcinoma
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MELASMA
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