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Combining signals in telecommunications
In telecommunications, maximum-ratio combining (MRC), or maximal-ratio combining, is a method of diversity combining in which: the signals from each channel
Maximum-ratio_combining
Hybrid error-detection and correction code in communications
soft combining methods in HARQ: Chase combining: every re-transmission contains the same information (data and parity bits). The receiver uses maximum-ratio
Hybrid automatic repeat request
Hybrid_automatic_repeat_request
Quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of
Therapeutic_index
Number, approximately 1.618
In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. Expressed
Golden_ratio
Method in wireless communication systems
respect to the transmit-and-receive processes, like a maximum-ratio combining (MRC) and maximum-ratio transmission (MRT). The STLC scheme provides full diversity
Space–time_code
Use of multiple antennas in radio
exploited using simple beamforming strategies such as maximum ratio transmission (MRT), maximum ratio-combining (MRC) or zero forcing (ZF). To achieve these benefits
MIMO
Height/width of an image
The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of its width to its height. It is expressed as two numbers separated by a colon, in the format width:height.
Aspect_ratio_(image)
Gearing that lowers engine revolutions
air resistance equals that maximum power. There is therefore one specific gear ratio at which the car can achieve its maximum speed: the one that matches
Overdrive_(mechanics)
Measure used in radio engineering and telecommunications
transmission line, and SWR is defined as the ratio of the partial standing wave's amplitude at an antinode (maximum) to the amplitude at a node (minimum) along
Standing_wave_ratio
Function related to statistics and probability theory
Likelihood principle Likelihood-ratio test Likelihoodist statistics Maximum likelihood estimation Principle of maximum entropy Pseudolikelihood Score (statistics)
Likelihood_function
Influence on an oscillating physical system which reduces or prevents its oscillation
to gradually decay in amplitude towards zero or attenuate. The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure, amongst other measures, that characterises how
Damping
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
the ratio of two values of a power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whose levels differ by one decibel have a power ratio of
Decibel
which gives it four times the baseline data rate. Note: MRC (Maximum Ratio Combining) is vendor discretionary and improves rate and range. In WiMAX
WiMAX_MIMO
Building density measurement
lower maximum-allowed FAR in New York City led to lower land value and lower density. Andres Duany et al. (2000) note: Abdicating to floor area ratios (market
Floor_area_ratio
Statistic quantifying the association between two events
odds ratio (OR) is a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events, A and B. The odds ratio is defined as the ratio of the
Odds_ratio
Mechanical transmission using multiple gears
of gears and gear trains include: The gear ratio of the pitch circles of mating gears defines the speed ratio and the mechanical advantage of the gear set
Gear_train
Type of space diversity
MIMO Antenna diversity Diversity schemes Diversity combining Maximum ratio combining Selective combining Diversity gain Microdiversity Many Antennas Multistatic
Macrodiversity
Number of students divided by number of teachers
legislation mandating a maximum student–teacher ratio for specific grade levels, particularly kindergarten. Student–teacher ratios are averages (means) and
Student–teacher_ratio
of maximum bit rate, maximum luma sample rate, maximum luma picture size, minimum compression ratio, maximum number of slices allowed, and maximum number
High Efficiency Video Coding tiers and levels
High_Efficiency_Video_Coding_tiers_and_levels
Compression-ignition engine plus turbine connected to one drive shaft
Combined diesel and gas (CODAG) is a type of propulsion system for ships that need a maximum speed that is considerably faster than their cruise speed
Combined_diesel_and_gas
Sum for determining mortgage payments
more than a certain maximum percentage of the borrower's monthly gross income—that is, they specify maximum debt-to-income ratios (DTIs). The two DTIs
PITI
Proportion of observed intensity to ideal intensity, in astronomical imaging
S} is frequently defined as the ratio of the peak aberrated image intensity from a point source compared to the maximum attainable intensity using an ideal
Strehl_ratio
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
12-valve Compression ratio: 10.0–11.0 Maximum power: 65–68 PS (48–50 kW; 64–67 hp) at 6000 rpm 59 PS (43 kW; 58 hp) at 6000 rpm (CNG) Maximum torque: 90 N⋅m
Suzuki_K_engine
Circa 24,000–16,000 BCE; most recent era when ice sheets were at their greatest extent
The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), also referred to as the Last Glacial Coldest Period, was the most recent time during the Last Glacial Period where ice
Last_Glacial_Maximum
Maximum rate of oxygen consumption as measured during incremental exercise
by: VO˙A2max≈HRmaxHRrest×15.3 mL/(kg⋅minute) This equation uses the ratio of maximum heart rate (HRmax) to resting heart rate (HRrest) to predict V̇O2 max
VO2_max
broadcasting technology. His other notable inventions include maximum ratio combining used in multiple output systems. Leonard also developed the Symmetra
Leonard_R._Kahn
Component of the Human Development Index
literacy rate (with two-thirds weighting) and the combined primary, secondary, and tertiary gross enrollment ratio (with one-third weighting). Education is a
Education_Index
Automotive transmission technology
pulleys. The radial thickness of the belt is a compromise between the maximum gear ratio and torque. Steel-reinforced V-belts are sufficient for low-mass,
Continuously variable transmission
Continuously_variable_transmission
Probability distribution
A ratio distribution (also known as a quotient distribution) is a probability distribution constructed as the distribution of the ratio (or quotient)
Ratio_distribution
Photography genre and techniques of extreme close-up pictures
with a maximum reproduction ratio (i.e., at closest focus) of approximately 1:10 for practical and optical considerations. Reproduction ratios much greater
Macro_photography
Distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing
The maximal total range is the maximum distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing. Powered aircraft range is limited by the aviation fuel
Range_(aeronautics)
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
Naturally aspirated, the compression ratio is 10.0. Maximum output is 58 PS (43 kW; 57 hp) at 7,600 rpm and maximum torque is 57 N⋅m (42 lb⋅ft) at 5,600 rpm
Daihatsu_J-series_engine
Ways inequality is measured
indicates perfect equality and 1 (100%) indicates maximum inequality. The Galt score is a simple ratio of a company's CEO pay to the pay of that company's
Income_inequality_metrics
Computational problem in graph theory
theory, maximum flow problems involve finding a feasible flow through a flow network that obtains the maximum possible flow rate. The maximum flow problem
Maximum_flow_problem
Ratio between the largest and smallest values that a certain quantity can assume
quantization error. The maximum achievable dynamic range for a digital audio system with Q-bit uniform quantization is calculated as the ratio of the largest sine-wave
Dynamic_range
Problem in computational complexity theory
computational complexity theory, the maximum satisfiability problem (MAX-SAT) is the problem of determining the maximum number of clauses, of a given Boolean
Maximum satisfiability problem
Maximum_satisfiability_problem
Dimensionless number; ratio of a fluid's flow inertia to the external field
after William Froude, /ˈfruːd/) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the flow inertia to the external force field (the latter in many applications
Froude_number
Topics referred to by the same term
can hold while maintaining a given potential energy Capacity factor, the ratio of the actual output of a power plant to its theoretical potential output
Capacity
Theorem that tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted
In information theory, the Shannon–Hartley theorem tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted over a communications channel of a specified
Shannon–Hartley_theorem
Measurement of wheeled motor vehicles
passengers or cargo. The gross vehicle weight is larger and includes the maximum payload of passengers and cargo. This definition differs from definitions
Vehicle_weight
Relative deformation of a physical body
its maximum divided by the perpendicular length in the plane of force application, which sometimes makes it easier to calculate. The stretch ratio or extension
Strain_(mechanics)
World's first longitudinal 9-speed automatic from 2013
epicyclic gearing have been combined with parallel epicyclic gearing. The resulting progress is reflected in an even better ratio between the number of gears
Mercedes-Benz 9G-Tronic transmission
Mercedes-Benz_9G-Tronic_transmission
Mode of flight
constant. A glider's glide ratio varies with airspeed, but there is a maximum value which is frequently quoted. Glide ratio usually varies little with
Gliding_flight
Guidelines for municipal parking
yielding a ratio of 2.5 to 7 times as many parking spaces as registered vehicles. Adoption of parking minimums by municipalities based on ratios from Parking
Parking_mandates
Electronic moving image
dissemination worldwide. Video systems vary in display resolution, aspect ratio, refresh rate, color reproduction, and other qualities. Both analog and
Video
Maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star
The Chandrasekhar limit (/ˌtʃəndrəˈʃeɪkər/) is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. These stars resist gravitational collapse primarily through
Chandrasekhar_limit
Assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat
also used for marine propulsion, where it is called a combined gas and steam (COGAS) plant. Combining two or more thermodynamic cycles improves overall efficiency
Combined-cycle_power_plant
8-speed automatic from 2008
gear, large gear wheels are advantageous for durability. As the very high ratio 1st gear is formed exclusively by gearset 4, its sun gear is unusually small
ZF_8HP_transmission
Calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources
Power-to-weight ratio (PWR, also called specific power, or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to
Power-to-weight_ratio
Prevention and recovery from threats to a company
Organisations. It covers 11 categories, each having 5 to 7 questions. A Resilience Ratio summarizes this evaluation. Plans and procedures are used in business continuity
Business_continuity_planning
British sports car developed by McLaren Automotive
maximum power output of 1,275 PS (938 kW; 1,258 hp), resulting in a power-to-weight ratio of 911 PS/tonne. It features a hybrid powertrain, combining
McLaren_W1
Right triangle related to the golden ratio
special right triangle with edge lengths in geometric progression. The ratio of the progression is φ {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\varphi }}} where φ = ( 1
Kepler_triangle
Increasing audio levels in recorded music
Engineers can apply an increasingly high ratio of compression to a recording until it peaks more frequently at the maximum amplitude, a technique colloquially
Loudness_war
Device to couple energy between circuits
transformer, with voltage ratio and winding turns ratio both being inversely proportional to the corresponding current ratio. The load impedance referred
Transformer
Meat that has been finely chopped by a grinder or knife
and containing less than 1% salt, and sets maximum fat and connective-tissue (collagen to meat-protein ratio) limits for four categories: Minced meat sold
Ground_meat
Turbojet engine component
and dry when not. An engine producing maximum thrust wet is at maximum power, while an engine producing maximum thrust dry is at military power. The first
Afterburner
Work done divided by heat provided
a vehicle's fuel efficiency. The efficiency of an engine is defined as ratio of the useful work done to the heat provided. η = w o r k d o n e h e
Engine_efficiency
Exhaust-powered forced-induction device for engines
optimum aspect ratio at low engine speeds is very different from that at high engine speeds. An electrically-assisted turbocharger combines a traditional
Turbocharger
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
and exhaust, air-fuel ratio, ignition timing, VTC and other specs have been optimized for street use. The engine produces maximum power of 257 kW (345 hp;
Nissan_VQ_engine
Airbreathing jet engine designed to provide thrust by driving a fan
The ratio of the mass-flow of air bypassing the engine core to the mass-flow of air passing through the core is referred to as the bypass ratio. The
Turbofan
Calculation of relative masses of reactants and products in chemical reactions
law of reciprocal proportions. In general chemical reactions combine in definite ratios of chemicals. Since chemical reactions can neither create nor
Stoichiometry
Kind of engine made by Nissan
thermal efficiency. While turbocharged, it has a very high compression ratio of 13.5 to 1. Applications: 2025- Nissan Qashqai ZR15DDTe engine The MR16DDT
Nissan_MR_engine
Bore x Stroke: 72.5 mm × 80.5 mm Compression Ratio: 11–11.5:1 Maximum Power: 95–98 PS @ 6000rpm Maximum Torque: 120–122 N⋅m @ 4000–4200rpm Applications:
List_of_Daihatsu_engines
Theorem in electrical engineering
In electrical engineering, the maximum power transfer theorem states that, to obtain maximum external power from a power source with internal resistance
Maximum power transfer theorem
Maximum_power_transfer_theorem
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
cross-pattern exhaust manifold for improved turbo charger pressure by combining exhaust pulses which comes at an expense of sound alternation, making
BMW_S68
Parameter in radar systems
In radar systems, the blip-to-scan ratio, or blip/scan, is the ratio of the number of times a target appears on a radar display to the number of times
Blip-to-scan_ratio
Task of computing complete subgraphs
Locatelli, M.; Della Croce, F. (2004), "Combining swaps and node weights in an adaptive greedy approach for the maximum clique problem", Journal of Heuristics
Clique_problem
Climbing athletic assessment and scouting event
BFL Climbing Combine evaluates athletes using a series of strength, power, and control-based tests. These include bench press maximums, weighted pull-ups
BFL_Climbing_Combine
Engine combustion process
next charge of air. The maximum thermal efficiency of a Diesel cycle is dependent on the compression ratio and the cut-off ratio. It has the following formula
Diesel_cycle
Ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
Ludwig Prandtl. It is defined as the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity. The Prandtl number is a ratio of physical properties that may be
Prandtl_number
Measure used in digital signal processing to characterize an audio spectrum
generally not empty. The ratio produced by this calculation is often converted to a decibel scale for reporting, with a maximum of 0 dB and a minimum of
Spectral_flatness
1940s British turboprop aircraft engine
Combustors: Six combustion chambers (×2) Maximum power output: 2,960 eshp (2,207 kW) Overall pressure ratio: 5.35:1 Air mass flow: 18.5 lb/sec (8.4 kg/s)
Armstrong Siddeley Double Mamba
Armstrong_Siddeley_Double_Mamba
Concentration of water vapour in the air
state of absolute humidity relative to a maximum humidity given the same temperature. Specific humidity is the ratio of water vapor mass to total moist air
Humidity
Graph in economics
horizontally, equals the ratio of unit costs of labour and capital. The slope is: − w / r . {\displaystyle -w/r.\,} The isocost line is combined with the isoquant
Isocost
Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy
furnace, refrigerator, ACs etc. For a heat engine, thermal efficiency is the ratio of the net work output to the heat input; in the case of a heat pump, thermal
Thermal_efficiency
High-thrust turbofan jet engine
"triple redline" test at maximum EGT and both rotor speeds, as modern high-bypass ratio engines cannot achieve all maximum conditions near sea level
General_Electric_GE9X
Standard sizes of paper
quarter of "the average maximum stretch of an experienced vatman's arms." However, this does not explain the width or aspect ratio. Outside of North America
Paper_size
Factor influencing processor clock speed
computing, a clock multiplier (also known as a CPU multiplier or bus/core ratio) determines how many times faster the processor’s internal clock runs compared
CPU_multiplier
Hole or opening through which light travels
or as the dimensionless ratio between that measure and the focal length. In other photography, it is usually given as a ratio. A usual expectation is
Aperture
Mazda motor vehicle engine
gasoline direct injection and high compression ratios. Engines in the family have a compression ratio of up to 14:1, except in the United States where
Skyactiv
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
(89 lb⋅ft), Malaysia Version: 121 N⋅m (89 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm Compression Ratio: 11.5:1; Indonesia Euro 4 Version: 10.5:1 Valve Mechanism: 16-valve DOHC
Toyota_NR_engine
Maximum stress soil has experience in the past
Preconsolidation pressure is the maximum effective vertical overburden stress that a particular soil sample has sustained in the past. This quantity is
Preconsolidation_pressure
Regression for more than two discrete outcomes
bus : red bus odds ratio of 1 : 0.5 : 0.5, thus maintaining a 1 : 1 ratio of car : any bus while adopting a changed car : blue bus ratio of 1 : 0.5. Here
Multinomial logistic regression
Multinomial_logistic_regression
Brightness of a celestial object observed from the Earth
number. A difference of 1.0 in magnitude corresponds to the brightness ratio of 1005, or about 2.512. For example, a magnitude 2.0 star is 2.512 times
Apparent_magnitude
Geometric shape
called the radius of the cone. The aperture of a right circular cone is the maximum angle between two generatrix lines; if the generatrix makes an angle θ
Cone
Measure of performance of heat engines
relative to its performance in reversible conditions. It is defined as the ratio of the thermal efficiency of an actual system compared to an idealized or
Exergy_efficiency
Volleyball competition held in Japan
the hosts who ranked 4th. Number of matches won Match points Sets ratio Points ratio Result of the last match between the tied teams Match won 3–0 or 3–1:
2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup
2015_FIVB_Volleyball_Women's_World_Cup
Period of long-term reduction in temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere
The most severe cold period of the LGP was the Last Glacial Maximum, which reached its maximum between 26,000 and 20,000 years ago. The most recent glaciation
Ice_age
Algorithm for solving the partition problem
(\log(n)))}} . This also implies that the expected ratio between the maximum sum and the optimal maximum sum is 1 + n − Θ ( log ( n ) ) ) {\displaystyle
Largest_differencing_method
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
× 2.68 in) Maximum power: 110 PS (81 kW; 108 hp) at 6500 rpm Maximum torque: 13.3 kg⋅m (130 N⋅m; 96 lb⋅ft) at 5200 rpm Compression ratio: 7.7:1 Weight:
Nissan_MA_engine
DSL service where downstream bandwidth exceeds upstream bandwidth
bins combined. Higher signal-to-noise ratios and more bins being in use gives a higher total link capacity, while lower signal-to-noise ratios or fewer
ADSL
Carbon-titanium composite material
strength and moduli of elasticity ratio. When the combination is adhesively bonded, both parts will approach maximum yield strength and fail at a similar
Carbotanium
Analytical technique based on determining mass to charge ratio of ions
mass-to-charge ratio of ions. The results are presented as a mass spectrum, a plot of intensity as a function of the mass-to-charge ratio. These spectra
Mass_spectrometry
Quantity of a three-dimensional space
quart, gallon, barrel; cord, peck, bushel, hogshead. Capacity is the maximum amount of material that a container can hold, measured in volume or weight
Volume
Thermodynamic cycle
CCV would have maximum lift at full load and minimum lift at no load. The effect is to produce an engine with a variable compression ratio. As inlet manifold
Miller_cycle
Base of natural logarithms
i. Like π, the constant e is irrational (it cannot be represented as a ratio of integers) and transcendental (it is not a root of any non-zero polynomial
E_(mathematical_constant)
Indian medical officer recruitment exam for various civil health services
duration, each carrying a maximum of 250 marks. Both papers are attempted on the same day. Paper I Maximum Marks : 250 Paper II Maximum Marks : 250 Candidates
Combined Medical Services Examination
Combined_Medical_Services_Examination
Turboshaft aircraft engine
sump Maximum power output: 317 hp (236 kW) for take-off (Sea Level 59 °F (15 °C); 51,600 rpm NH, 35,000 rpm NL, 6,000 rpm Nout) Overall pressure ratio: 6
Allison_Model_250
Statistical model for a binary dependent variable
own parameter; for a binary dependent variable this generalizes the odds ratio. More abstractly, the logistic function is the natural parameter for the
Logistic_regression
Converts output of a photovoltaic panel into a utility frequency alternating current
(Isc) of the panel, determines the maximum power from a solar cell. Fill factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum power from the solar cell to the
Solar_inverter
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MAXIMUM RATIO-COMBINING
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