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Amount of drug given to establish desired blood level
In pharmacokinetics, a loading dose is an initial higher dose of a drug that may be given at the beginning of a course of treatment before dropping down
Loading_dose
Amount of drug given to keep previously established blood level
One or more doses higher than the maintenance dose can be given together at the beginning of therapy with a loading dose. A loading dose is most useful
Maintenance_dose
Measure of organism response to stimulus
exposure (or doses) to a stimulus or stressor (usually a chemical) after a certain exposure time. Dose–response relationships can be described by dose–response
Dose–response_relationship
Antiplatelet medication
Present for treatment with a myocardial infarction with ST-elevation A loading dose given in advance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), followed
Clopidogrel
Half maximal inhibitory concentration
measures of potency, such as EC50 for excitatory drugs. EC50 represents the dose or plasma concentration required for obtaining 50% of a maximum effect in
IC50
Toxicity due to paracetamol overdose
140 mg/kg loading dose followed by 70 mg/kg every four hours for 17 more doses, and if the patient vomits within 1 hour of dose, the dose must be repeated
Paracetamol_poisoning
Integral of drug concentration in blood plasma over time
useful metric when trying to determine whether two formulations of the same dose (for example a capsule and a tablet) result in equal amounts of tissue or
Area under the curve (pharmacokinetics)
Area_under_the_curve_(pharmacokinetics)
Theoretical drug measure in pharmacology
the drug to exit the intravascular space. One clinical utility is that the dose required D {\displaystyle D} to achieve a target plasma concentration C 0
Volume_of_distribution
Chemical compound
taking a lower dose of 3 grams a day for 28 days can also increase total muscle creatine storage to the same amount as the rapid loading dose of 20 g/day
Creatine
Medical condition
or low-dose intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular (e.g. the "Alberti regime") insulin, potassium supplementation, need for a loading dose of insulin
Diabetic_ketoacidosis
Vitamin D3, a chemical compound
Patients with severe vitamin D deficiency will require treatment with a loading dose; its magnitude can be calculated based on the actual serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin
Cholecalciferol
Human disorder
daily over two to three months. In another proposed cholecalciferol loading dose guideline for vitamin D-deficient adults, a weekly dosage is given, up
Vitamin_D_deficiency
General term for feeding small quantities of chemicals or medicines
Dosing generally applies to feeding chemicals or medicines when used in small quantities. For medicines the term dose is generally used. In the case of
Dosing
Medication used to prevent formation of blood clots
aggregation was about 70% following three to five days of dosing at 10 mg daily after a 60-mg loading dose. Platelet aggregation gradually returns to baseline
Prasugrel
Interruption of cardiac blood supply
prasugrel and ticagrelor are given concurrently, also as a loading dose, with the dose depending on whether further surgical management or fibrinolysis
Myocardial_infarction
Drug discovery by identifying protein targets
ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index Affinity Pharmacokinetics Metrics Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Onset of action Biological
Reverse_pharmacology
Chemical to treat bacterial infections
community-acquired, lower respiratory tract infections, sparfloxacin (200 or 400 mg loading dose then 100 or 200 mg daily; i.e. 200/100 mg and 400/200 mg) had a similar
Sparfloxacin
Drug discovery by phenotypic screening
ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index Affinity Pharmacokinetics Metrics Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Onset of action Biological
Classical_pharmacology
Plane curve: conic section
practice the curve is generally nearer to a parabola due to the weight of the load (i.e. the road) being much larger than the cables themselves, and in calculations
Parabola
Ionic compound (KI)
suppress secretion of thyroxine from the thyroid gland. The dose typically begins with a loading dose, then 1⁄3 mL SSKI (5 drops or 250 mg iodine as iodide)
Potassium_iodide
Life-threatening response to infection
with low volume distribution (vancomycin, teicoplanin, colistin), a loading dose is required to achieve an adequate therapeutic level to fight infections
Sepsis
Time taken for a drug to halve its concentration in blood plasma
with a loading dose to achieve their desired clinical effect more quickly. Many drugs show a biphasic decline in plasma concentration after a dose: a steep
Biological_half-life
Drug class of antiplatelet agents
clopidogrel. The clinically approved dose of prasugrel is a 60-mg loading dose PO and a 10-mg a day maintenance dose PO. Ticagrelor is a much more potent
Adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor
Adenosine_diphosphate_receptor_inhibitor
Chemical compound
adult dose usually ranges from 12 to 24 grams. When administered in continuous infusion, a loading dose of fosfomycin 8 g followed by a daily dose of 16 g
Fosfomycin
Sedative medication
doses may cause first-degree or second-degree atrioventricular block. These adverse events usually occur briefly after administering a loading dose of
Dexmedetomidine
Biochemical analysis procedure
ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index Affinity Pharmacokinetics Metrics Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Onset of action Biological
Structural Dynamics Response Assay
Structural_Dynamics_Response_Assay
Species of fungus
voriconazole, and amphotericin B failed; caspofungin 50 mg/day after a loading dose of 70 mg intravenously was also unsuccessful. Amphotericin B, introduced
Coccidioides_immitis
Hormonal antineoplastic drug
500 mg/month by intramuscular injection (and a single additional 500 mg loading dose on day 15 of therapy) in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer
Fulvestrant
Medical intervention
beta-lactams and vancomycin infusion, it is advisable to administer a loading dose in order to reduce time to reach target concentrations Chapman, A. L
Outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy
Outpatient_parenteral_antibiotic_therapy
Anticoagulant medication
co-factor), so reduces degradation of factor Va and factor VIIIa. Although loading doses of warfarin over 5 mg also produce a precipitous decline in factor VII
Warfarin
Topical Antibiotic
administered mono-therapy with a high loading dose is under development in the United States. A different oral dosing regimen, based on the compound's
Fusidic_acid
Medical condition
large loading doses at the start of treatment. Warfarin necrosis usually occurs three to five days after drug therapy is begun, and a high initial dose increases
Warfarin_necrosis
Fungal infection of the lungs
mold infection: a randomized trial comparing a high-loading dose regimen with standard dosing (AmBiLoad trial)". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 44 (10): 1289–1297
Aspergillosis
Type of drug side effect
May be provoked by increased heart rate. Exercise stress tests after loading. Dose dependent. Follow bradycardia, prolonged QT closely. Roden DM (August
Proarrhythmia
Medical stent implanted into coronary arteries
not already given prior), commonly in the form of an immediate oral loading dose of aspirin in combination with another anti-platelet agent, typically
Coronary_stent
Anti-seizure medication
oral loading dose. Consider using decreased maintenance dose. Kidney disease: Do not use oral loading dose. Can begin with standard maintenance dose and
Phenytoin
Medical intervention
directly after the stenting procedure, commonly in the form of an immediate loading dose of the potent anticoagulant (blood thinner) Plavix administered as a
Percutaneous coronary intervention
Percutaneous_coronary_intervention
Medication
dosages are called the loading doses: they are given every 14 days. The fourth dosage and onwards are called maintenance doses: they are administered
Tofersen
Pharmaceutical drug
infarction (STEMI), streptokinase is administered as an intravenous loading dose, followed by a continuous intravenous infusion. As streptokinase is a
Streptokinase
hormone from iodine and tyrosine, but assuming it is not, a short-term loading dose of one or two weeks at the tolerable upper intake level may quickly restore
Iodine_in_biology
Field of study
ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index Affinity Pharmacokinetics Metrics Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Onset of action Biological
Pharmacoepigenetics
Bacterial infection of the prostate gland
Standard doses of all antibiotics were employed in these studies, with minocycline being administered orally or IV as a 200 mg loading dose followed by
Chronic_bacterial_prostatitis
Movement of drug through the body
order to obtain a required concentration of the drug in the organism ('loading dose): D c = V d . C p D a . B {\displaystyle Dc={\frac {Vd.Cp}{Da.B}}} This
Distribution_(pharmacology)
Chemical compound
temocillin as a continuous intravenous infusion in severe disease a single loading dose of 2 g is given intravenously followed by a 4-g or 6-g infusion over
Temocillin
Oral dosing drug regimen
Phase 2 study comparing the efficacy and safety of an oral fusidic acid loading-dose regimen to oral linezolid in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and
Taksta
NSAID analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug
increase the rate at which the diflunisal plasma levels become steady, a loading dose is usually used. It is primarily used to treat symptoms of arthritis
Diflunisal
Any specific format for medications, specific to a dose and route
Dosage forms (also called unit doses) are pharmaceutical drug products presented in a specific form for use. They contain a mixture of active ingredients
Dosage_form
Machine that washes clothes
card-operated single-load and multi-load commercial washing machines. Multi-load machines may be either top-loading or front-loading and may use hard-mounted
Washing_machine
Vitamin
24-hour urine collection. Beyond a load dose of 1.1 mg, urinary excretion increased rapidly, so that with a dose of 2.5 mg, urinary output was 800 micrograms
Riboflavin
Antiarrythmic drug
of the loading dose: LD = Vss(l/kg) × IBW(kg) × Cp(mg/L) / ( S x F) The daily empiric oral dose can be calculated by the next formula: Daily dose = (Css)ave
Acecainide
American biochemist
development of therapeutic regimens involving a high initial loading dose followed by small doses to maintain effective atabrine levels in plasma. In addition
Bernard_Beryl_Brodie
Anesthetic technique
is called the volume of distribution at a stable state. In case the loading dose was administered after the CRI, the time period of which will keep the
Balanced_anesthesia
Biochemical analysis procedure
Artifacts can be avoided by maintaining plate uniformity by applying the same dose of the specific medium in each well, in addition to maintaining atmospheric
Ligand_binding_assay
Medical intervention
clopidogrel is recommended. Lower doses need days to achieve full antiplatelet effect; therefore, a loading dose is necessary for patients who are not
Management of acute coronary syndrome
Management_of_acute_coronary_syndrome
Species of bacterium
small study, oral supplementation with O. formigenes HC-1 along with a loading dose of oxalate resulted in reduced oxalate excretion during the 6 h immediately
Oxalobacter_formigenes
Serotonin modulator antidepressant
vortioxetine (area-under-the-curve levels after a single dose versus at steady state) is 5 to 6. A loading dose given intravenously has been found to achieve steady-state
Vortioxetine
Antibiotic medication
Standard doses of all antibiotics were employed in these studies, with minocycline being administered orally or IV as a 200 mg loading dose followed by
Minocycline
HIV prevention strategy using preventative medication for HIV-negative individuals
later, as a loading dose. People who use cabotegravir receive the initial dose followed by a second dose one month later; thereafter dosing is every two
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention
Pre-exposure_prophylaxis_for_HIV_prevention
ED50, LD50, TD50) Therapeutic index Affinity Pharmacokinetics Metrics Loading dose Volume of distribution (Initial) Rate of infusion Onset of action Biological
Pharmacomicrobiomics
British rapper (born 1998)
with the single "Loading", released on 22 October 2020. The music videos for the three tracks were released by GRM Daily. "Loading" and February 2021's
Central_Cee
Hybrid bridge
loading experienced by the external cables, and their subsequent treatment by design codes. Unlike a bridge's near-constant dead load, its live load can
Extradosed_bridge
Pharmaceutical drug
exhibits a long half-life of 45-70 hours, allowing for once-daily dosing after loading doses. Although teicoplanin is primarily approved for intravenous and
Teicoplanin
1996 studio album by Metallica
solo on "Bleeding Me" as a summation of all his influences, "with a good dose of my own style". "Mama Said" "Mama Said" is a country rock and Southern
Load_(album)
American physician and academic
Annual Scientific Meeting, Boca Raton, FL, 2005. Impact of Avoiding Loading Dose of Sirolimus on Wound Complication After Kidney Transplant. A Single
Robert_Provenzano
Chemical compound
irreversible. Within 48 hours of noted acetylcholine excess administer: Initial loading dose of Atropine: 2 mg intravenous (IV) infusion, repeating as needed for
Cholinesterase_reactivator
Amount of virus found in host tissue
environment but a minuscule infectious dose is required to produce infection in humans: less than 100 viral particles. Viral load is often expressed as viral particles
Viral_load
Small glass vessel or bottle used in laboratories or hospitals
such as a single dose vial and multi-dose vials often used for medications. The single dose vial is only used once whereas a multi-dose vial can be used
Vial
Chemical compound
month is a cautious but sensible choice. A standard dose is 30 mg weekly, but 60 mg loading doses can reduce pregnancy rates by 38%. It has a failure
Ormeloxifene
Type of vaccine for humans
encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles. Initial guidance recommended a two-dose regimen, given 21 days apart; this interval was subsequently extended to
Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine
Pfizer–BioNTech_COVID-19_vaccine
Drug mixture used mainly to treat ADHD and narcolepsy
Adderall is the brand name of a fixed-dose combination medication used for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy
Adderall
Treatment of cancer using drugs that inhibit cell division or kill cells
whether dose reduction is required. Because only a fraction of the cells in a tumor die with each treatment (fractional kill), repeated doses must be
Chemotherapy
Accumulation of nutrients in water
Cook GD (June 1982). "Control of Lake Phosphorus with Aluminum Sulfate: Dose Determination and Application Techniques". Journal of the American Water
Eutrophication
Romanian biophysicist
(1981). "Glucose oxidation in relation to the size of the oral glucose loading dose". Metabolism. 30 (1): 143–49. doi:10.1016/0026-0495(81)90033-0. PMID 6796801
Florentina_Mosora
Central nervous system stimulant
exposure to sufficiently high doses of a drug for long periods of time can transform someone who has relatively lower genetic loading into an addict. Volkow
Amphetamine
Medication against high blood pressure
unclear. When used by people with liver problems, and in elderly individuals, doses should be reduced. Amlodipine works partly by vasodilation (relaxing the
Amlodipine
Device that delivers medication to the lungs in the form of a dry powder
aerosol-based inhalers commonly called metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). DPIs may require some procedure to allow a measured dose of powder to be ready for the patient
Dry-powder_inhaler
The concept of a minimal infective dose (MID), also known as the infectious dose, has traditionally been used for infectious microorganisms that contaminate
Minimal_infective_dose
Death of bone tissue due to interruption of the blood supply
include bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high-dose steroids. The condition may also occur without any clear reason. The most
Avascular_necrosis
Electronic oscillator circuit
voltage, load impedance, magnetic fields, electric fields (in case of cuts that are sensitive to them, e.g., SC cuts), the presence and absorbed dose of γ-particles
Crystal_oscillator
Lithography using 13.5 nm UV light
defect regions leads to a loss of dose window at a certain post-etch defect level between the low-dose and high-dose patterning cliffs. Hence, the resolution
EUV_lithography
Medical injection device
to young children or animals, or milk to small young animals, because the dose can be measured accurately and it is easier to squirt the medicine into the
Syringe
Drug combination for HIV/AIDS prophylaxis and treatment
(FTC/TDF), sold under the brand name Truvada among others, is a fixed-dose combination antiretroviral medication used to treat and prevent HIV/AIDS
Emtricitabine/tenofovir
with a median lethal dose for acute oral toxicity of not more than 300 mg/kg. Dermal toxicity. A material with a median lethal dose for acute dermal toxicity
HAZMAT Class 6 Toxic and infectious substances
HAZMAT_Class_6_Toxic_and_infectious_substances
Form of execution involving injection of chemicals into the bloodstream
induced within 30–45 seconds at the typical dose, and 10 seconds with a higher dose. A full medical dose of thiopental reaches the brain in about 30 seconds
Lethal_injection
Pharmaceutical compound
isobutoxy group instead of a butoxy group at the 4 position. The drug's dose range is 60 to 100 mg orally and its duration is 8 to 14 hours. Its effects
Isobuscaline
Form of electromagnetic radiation
equivalent dose, and also of effective dose. For X-rays the "equivalent dose" is numerically equal to a Gray (Gy). 1 Sv = 1 Gy. For the "effective dose" of X-rays
X-ray
Central nervous system stimulant
exposure to sufficiently high doses of a drug for long periods of time can transform someone who has relatively lower genetic loading into an addict. Volkow
Methamphetamine
Antibiotic
short as possible. People with liver or kidney problems may need lower doses. In young infants, a condition known as gray baby syndrome may occur which
Chloramphenicol
dose equivalent data (radiation weighting factor). In relation to the body, the relevant dose term is the Organ Equivalent Dose (formerly "Organ Dose")
History of radiation protection
History_of_radiation_protection
Boosting the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream
concentration is greater than 10 μg/L after at least 10 days of administration. The dose, which increases the red blood cell production to approximately 16%-21%,
Blood_doping
Structural horizontal block that spans the space between two vertical supports
maze with a dose rate that depends on the maze cross section. Lintels may be visible or recessed in the roof of the facility, and reduce dose rate in publicly
Lintel
Medical device used to deliver medicines into lungs
for a few minutes, steps 1-4 are repeated if another dose is needed. The inhaler is primed by loading the cartridge and discharging the inhaler until a fine
Inhaler
Uncontrolled nuclear fission chain reaction
plutonium. Criticality accidents can release potentially fatal radiation doses if they occur in an unprotected environment. Under normal circumstances
Criticality_accident
Food sterilization method
absorbed dose is the amount energy absorbed per unit weight of the target material. Dose is used because, when the same substance is given the same dose, similar
Food_irradiation
during a fox hunt, after a postmortem finds he had taken an abnormally high dose of sleeping pills, prompting Nick to question the wife Samantha when he uncovers
List_of_Heartbeat_episodes
Standard size for storage and handling
for example a pallet load represents a unit load which can be moved easily with a pallet jack or forklift truck, or a container load represents a unit for
Unit_load
Round bentwood box made by hand
Single-serve coffee container Spray paint Toothpaste pump dispenser Unit dose Water bottle Wine bottle Containers Aerosol spray dispenser Aluminium bottle
Shaker-style_pantry_box
Combined presence of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff's syndrome
be administered adequately in both dose and duration. A later study in 2022 found that using different thiamine doses led to similar results, as long as
Wernicke–Korsakoff_syndrome
Viral vector vaccine for prevention of COVID-19
following the first dose and 81.3% after the second dose. A study in Scotland found that, for symptomatic COVID-19 infection after the second dose, the vaccine
Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine
Oxford–AstraZeneca_COVID-19_vaccine
American media personality (born 1984)
became the brand ambassador and co-owner of Kiwi collagen supplement company Dose & Co. In 2021, Kardashian and her family announced that their reality show
Khloé_Kardashian
travel, tourism, insurance
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travel, tourism, insurance