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science, particularly the study of approximation algorithms, an L-reduction ("linear reduction") is a transformation of optimization problems which linearly
L-reduction
Topics referred to by the same term
reduced, or reduction in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Reduction, reduced, or reduce may refer to: Reduction (chemistry), part of a reduction-oxidation
Reduction
Algorithm for transforming one optimization problem into another
ideal styles of reduction, for both ease of use and proving power, are PTAS reduction, AP reduction, and L-reduction. The reduction descriptions that
Approximation-preserving reduction
Approximation-preserving_reduction
Chemical reaction with oxidation state changes
Redox (/ˈrɛdɒks/ RED-oks, /ˈriːdɒks/ REE-doks, reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states
Redox
Type of Turing reduction
many-one reduction (also called mapping reduction) is a reduction that converts instances of one decision problem (whether an instance is in L 1 {\displaystyle
Many-one_reduction
Type of computational algorithm
a log-space reduction from an NL-complete language to a language in L, both of which would be languages in P, would imply the unlikely L = NL. It is an
Log-space_reduction
Philosophical view explaining systems in terms of smaller parts
Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of simpler or more
Reductionism
Measure of the tendency of a substance to gain or lose electrons
Redox potential (also known as oxidation / reduction potential, ORP, pe, E r e d {\displaystyle E_{red}} , or E h {\displaystyle E_{h}} ) is a measure
Reduction_potential
Organic reaction used to convert arenes to cyclohexadienes
The Birch reduction or Metal-Ammonia reduction[citation needed] is an organic reaction that is used to convert arenes to 1,4-cyclohexadienes. The reaction
Birch_reduction
Class in computational complexity theory
log-space reduction, this remains true, but additionally we learn that all P-complete problems lie outside L under the weaker unproven assumption that L ≠ P
P-complete
Approximation-preserving reduction
{\text{PTAS}}} L-reductions imply PTAS reductions. As a result, one may show the existence of a PTAS reduction via a L-reduction instead. PTAS reductions are used
PTAS_reduction
Chemical reaction of an alkene with mercuric acetate to form an alcohol
anti to each other. Oxymercuration followed by reductive demercuration is called an oxymercuration–reduction reaction or oxymercuration–demercuration reaction
Oxymercuration_reaction
Mathematical theory in the field of algebraic geometry
L / K {\displaystyle L/K} such that A ( L ) = A ⊗ K L {\displaystyle A_{(L)}=A\otimes _{K}L} has semistable reduction over the integral closure O L {\displaystyle
Semistable_reduction_theorem
Subset of a graph's nodes such that all other nodes link to at least one
pair of polynomial-time L-reductions between the minimum dominating set problem and the set cover problem. These reductions (see below) show that an
Dominating_set
Plastic surgery procedure for altering the labia minora
Labiaplasty (also known as labioplasty, labia minora reduction, and labial reduction) is a plastic surgery procedure for creating or altering the labia
Labiaplasty
reduction is a reduction where each component is restricted to be in the class FO of problems calculable in first-order logic. Since we have FO ⊊ L {\displaystyle
First-order_reduction
Power engineering technique
In power engineering, Kron reduction is a method used to reduce or eliminate the desired node without need of repeating the steps like in Gaussian elimination
Kron_reduction
Organic chemical reaction
Clemmensen reduction is a chemical reaction described as a reduction of ketones or aldehydes to alkanes using zinc amalgam and concentrated hydrochloric
Clemmensen_reduction
Mathematical-logic system based on functions
Mockingbird: A Graphical Notation for the Lambda Calculus with Animated Reduction L. Allison, Some executable λ-calculus examples Georg P. Loczewski, The
Lambda_calculus
Transformation of one computational problem to another
complexity theory, a reduction is an algorithm for transforming one problem into another problem. A sufficiently efficient reduction from one problem to
Reduction_(complexity)
Complexity class of approximable problems
APX-completeness is often done using other reduction schemes, such as L-reductions, which imply PTAS reductions. One of the simplest APX-complete problems
APX
Pseudoscientific claim
Spot reduction refers to the claim that fat in a certain area of the body can be targeted for reduction through exercise of specific muscles in that desired
Spot_reduction
Plastic surgery procedure
Reduction mammoplasty (also breast reduction and reduction mammaplasty) is the plastic surgery procedure for reducing the size of large breasts. In a breast
Breast_reduction
Process of fashioning stones or rocks into tools and weapons
In archaeology, in particular of the Stone Age, lithic reduction is the process of fashioning stones or rocks from their natural state into tools or weapons
Lithic_reduction
Primary alcohol
Luche reduction is the selective organic reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones to allylic alcohols. The active reductant is described as "cerium borohydride"
Luche_reduction
Chemical reaction
Enantioselective ketone reductions convert prochiral ketones into chiral, non-racemic alcohols and are used heavily for the synthesis of stereodefined
Enantioselective reduction of ketones
Enantioselective_reduction_of_ketones
Method for solving one problem using another
In computational complexity theory, a polynomial-time reduction is a method for solving one problem using another. One shows that if a hypothetical subroutine
Polynomial-time_reduction
Algorithm in computational number theory
The Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász (LLL) lattice basis reduction algorithm is a polynomial time lattice reduction algorithm invented by Arjen Lenstra, Hendrik Lenstra
Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász lattice basis reduction algorithm
Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász_lattice_basis_reduction_algorithm
Physical law in electrochemistry
chemical thermodynamical relationship that permits the calculation of the reduction potential of a reaction (half-cell or full cell reaction) from the standard
Nernst_equation
Topics referred to by the same term
assembly Lenstra–Lenstra–Lovász lattice basis reduction algorithm, a polynomial time lattice reduction algorithm Lowest Landau level, wave functions in
LLL
Process of reducing the number of random variables under consideration
Dimensionality reduction, or dimension reduction, is the transformation of data from a high-dimensional space into a low-dimensional space so that the
Dimensionality_reduction
Concept in phonology
see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. In phonetics, vowel reduction is any of various changes in the acoustic quality of vowels as a result
Vowel_reduction
Celestial navigational algorithm
sight reduction is the circle of equal altitude. The calculation can be done by computer, or by hand via tabular methods and longhand methods. Given: L a
Sight_reduction
Concept in computability theory
In computability theory, a Turing reduction from a decision problem A {\displaystyle A} to a decision problem B {\displaystyle B} is an oracle machine
Turing_reduction
Fracture and dislocation fixing
Reduction is a medical procedure to restore the correct anatomical alignment of a fracture or dislocation. When an injury results in a fracture, or broken
Reduction (orthopedic procedure)
Reduction_(orthopedic_procedure)
Type of approximation algorithm
strict subset. Membership in PTAS can be shown using a PTAS reduction, L-reduction, or P-reduction, all of which preserve PTAS membership, and these may also
Polynomial-time approximation scheme
Polynomial-time_approximation_scheme
Chemical reaction
The Mozingo reduction, also known as Mozingo reaction or thioketal reduction, is a chemical reaction capable of fully reducing a ketone or aldehyde to
Mozingo_reduction
Type of chemical reaction
The Bouveault–Blanc reduction is a chemical reaction in which an ester is reduced to primary alcohols using absolute ethanol and sodium metal. It was
Bouveault–Blanc_reduction
Subfield of mathematical optimization
subject preferred than the usual Turing and Karp reductions. An example of such a reduction would be L-reduction. For this reason, optimization problems with
Combinatorial_optimization
Reconfiguration problem in combinatorics and computational complexity theory
constants from the L-reduction are α = 1 / 4 , β = 1 {\displaystyle \alpha =1/4,\beta =1} . One can, in fact, modify the reduction to work for labeled
Token_reconfiguration
theory, the reduction criterion is a necessary condition a mixed state must satisfy in order for it to be separable. In other words, the reduction criterion
Reduction_criterion
Organic reduction of any carbonyl group by a reducing agent
In organic chemistry, carbonyl reduction is the conversion of any carbonyl group, usually to an alcohol. It is a common transformation that is practiced
Carbonyl_reduction
In physics, dimensional reduction refers to the description of a system in D spacetime dimensions in terms of an exact or effective action in fewer than
Dimensional_reduction
in the phonology of consonant clusters. The H-cluster reductions are various consonant reductions that have occurred in the history of English, involving
Phonological history of English consonant clusters
Phonological_history_of_English_consonant_clusters
Algorithm for solving systems of linear equations
In mathematics, Gaussian elimination, also known as row reduction, is an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations. It consists of a sequence
Gaussian_elimination
Simplification of consonant clusters in certain environments
linguistics, cluster reduction is the simplification of consonant clusters in certain environments or over time. Cluster reduction can happen in different
Cluster_reduction
Mathematical operation
In mathematics, the goal of lattice basis reduction is to find a basis with short, nearly orthogonal vectors when given an integer lattice basis as input
Lattice_reduction
Chemical reactions
Reductions with samarium(II) iodide involve the conversion of various classes of organic compounds into reduced products through the action of samarium(II)
Reductions with samarium(II) iodide
Reductions_with_samarium(II)_iodide
Complexity class
PLS-reduction ( f , g ) {\displaystyle (f,g)} from a local search problem L 1 {\displaystyle L_{1}} to a local search problem L 2 {\displaystyle L_{2}}
PLS_(complexity)
Chemical reaction
The Corey–Itsuno reduction, also known as the Corey–Bakshi–Shibata (CBS) reduction, is a chemical reaction in which a prochiral ketone is enantioselectively
Corey–Itsuno_reduction
Blood test that measures amounts of dissolved gas
decrease by about 1 mmHg for every 1 mEq/L reduction in [HCO− 3] below 24 mEq/L A change in [HCO− 3] of 10 mEq/L will result in a change in pH of approximately
Arterial_blood_gas_test
Reduction of nestlings in a bird brood
Brood reduction occurs when the number of nestlings in a bird's brood is reduced, usually because there is a limited amount of resources available. It
Brood_reduction
Program offering mindfulness training
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is an educational program designed for learning mindfulness and discovering skillful ways to manage stress.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction
Mindfulness-based_stress_reduction
Reduction of ketones and aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols
The Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) reduction in organic chemistry is the reduction of ketones and aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols utilizing
Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction
Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley_reduction
Password cracking dataset
small tables with a different reduction function in each. Rainbow tables are much bigger and use a different reduction function in each column. When colors
Rainbow_table
Series of I6 and V8 engines built by Chrysler
(with displacements from 241 to 392 cu in (3.9 to 6.4 L) from 1951 until 1958; a 426 cu in (7.0 L) race and street engine from 1964 through 1971; and family
Chrysler_Hemi_engine
Measures to reduce poverty permanently
Poverty reduction, poverty relief, or poverty alleviation is a set of measures, both economic and humanitarian, that are intended to permanently lift
Poverty_reduction
Data values of standard electrode potential
Galvanic series lists electrode potentials in saltwater Standard apparent reduction potentials in biochemistry at pH 7 Reactivity series#Comparison with standard
Standard electrode potential (data page)
Standard_electrode_potential_(data_page)
Efficient version of non-strict evaluation
In computer science, graph reduction implements an efficient version of non-strict evaluation, an evaluation strategy where the arguments to a function
Graph_reduction
Cosmetic surgical procedure
Clitoral hood reduction, also termed clitoral hoodectomy, clitoral unhooding, clitoridotomy, or (partial) hoodectomy, is a plastic surgery procedure (a
Clitoral_hood_reduction
Public health policies which lessen negative aspects of problematic activities
Harm reduction, or harm minimization, refers to a range of intentional practices and public health policies designed to lessen the negative social and/or
Harm_reduction
Simplifying data to facilitate analysis
Data reduction is the transformation of numerical or alphabetical digital information derived empirically or experimentally into a corrected, ordered
Data_reduction
Reduction method involving hydrazine
The Wolff–Kishner reduction is a reaction used in organic chemistry to convert carbonyl functionalities into methylene groups. In the context of complex
Wolff–Kishner_reduction
Copy of a directed graph with redundant edges removed
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a transitive reduction of a directed graph D is another directed graph with the same vertices and as few edges
Transitive_reduction
Concept in commutative algebra
and if the integer ℓ {\displaystyle \ell } is the analytic spread of I, then each reduction of I contains a reduction generated by ℓ {\displaystyle \ell
Ideal_reduction
Low-threshold treatment programs are harm reduction-based health care centers targeted towards people who use substances. "Low-threshold" programs are
Low-threshold treatment program
Low-threshold_treatment_program
Technique in mathematical modeling
Model order reduction (MOR) is a technique for reducing the computational complexity of mathematical models in numerical simulations. As such it is closely
Model_order_reduction
Concept in theoretical computer science
In computability theory, a truth-table reduction is a type of reduction from a decision problem A {\displaystyle A} to a decision problem B {\displaystyle
Truth-table_reduction
Chemical reaction
Reductions with diimide are a chemical reactions that convert unsaturated organic compounds to reduced alkane products. In the process, diimide (N 2H 2)
Reductions_with_diimide
Complexity class
if, for every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming
NP-hardness
Type of cheekbone reduction surgery
Zygoma reduction, also known as cheekbone reduction surgery, is a surgery used to reduce the facial width by excising part of the zygomatic bone and arch
Zygoma_reduction_plasty
United States federal law
Deficit Reduction Act of 1984 (Pub. L. 98–369), also known as the DEFRA, was a federal law enacted in the United States in 1984. Originally part of the
Deficit_Reduction_Act_of_1984
Spanish colonial settlements for relocation and Christianization of Indigenous peoples
Reductions (Spanish: reducciones, also called congregaciones) were settlements established by Spanish rulers and Roman Catholic missionaries in Spanish
Reductions
Chemical compound
illustrated by its reduction of all three methylcyclohexanones to the less stable methylcyclohexanols in >98% yield. Under certain conditions, L-selectride can
L-selectride
Medical intervention
Scalp reduction is a surgical procedure in which the hairless region of the scalp of a bald person is reduced. This procedure can reduce the area of the
Scalp_reduction
Mental phenomenon of holding contradictory beliefs
psychological discomfort which activates selective exposure as a dissonance-reduction strategy. There are four theoretic paradigms of cognitive dissonance,
Cognitive_dissonance
American budget reconciliation law
The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA), Pub. L. 117–169 (text) (PDF), is a United States federal law which aimed to reduce the federal government budget
Inflation_Reduction_Act
Postpositivist communication theory developed in 1975
The uncertainty reduction theory (URT), also known as initial interaction theory, developed in 1975 by Charles Berger and Richard Calabrese, is a communication
Uncertainty_reduction_theory
Methods of hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis of organic compounds
often used in these reductions, is a strong, corrosive acid. Some hydrosilanes are pyrophoric. Larson, Gerald L.; Fry, James L. (2008). "Ionic and
Reductions_with_hydrosilanes
Complexity class
then defined as the class of all problems with an L-reduction (linear reduction, not log-space reduction) to problems in MaxSNP0. For example, MAX-3SAT is
SNP_(complexity)
Method of comparing problems by transforming one into another in computability theory
In computability theory, many reducibility relations (also called reductions, reducibilities, and notions of reducibility) are studied. They are motivated
Reduction (computability theory)
Reduction_(computability_theory)
Means by which a person dies by suicide
means. Making common suicide methods less accessible leads to an overall reduction in the number of suicides. Method-specific ways to do this might include
Suicide_methods
Concept in mathematics
In mathematics, a reductive group is a type of linear algebraic group over a field. One definition is that a connected linear algebraic group G over a
Reductive_group
Political epithet
Class reductionism is an epithet used to describe social theories that emphasize the role of the exploitation of labour along the lines of social classes
Class_reductionism
Category of formal programming language semantics
are given as a set of reduction rules that each specify a single potential reduction step. For example, the following reduction rule states that an assignment
Operational_semantics
resistive circuit, voltage reduction is where a reduction in the voltage across the resistance will result in a reduction in the power dissipated by the
Voltage_reduction
Chemical species that donates an electron to another species in a redox reaction
has a more negative reduction potential and weaker when it has a more positive reduction potential. The more positive the reduction potential the greater
Reducing_agent
Korkine–Zolotarev (KZ) lattice basis reduction algorithm or Hermite–Korkine–Zolotarev (HKZ) algorithm is a lattice reduction algorithm. For lattices in R n
Korkine–Zolotarev lattice basis reduction algorithm
Korkine–Zolotarev_lattice_basis_reduction_algorithm
Problem transformation for counting solutions
complexity theory of counting problems, a polynomial-time counting reduction is a type of reduction (a transformation from one problem to another) used to define
Polynomial-time counting reduction
Polynomial-time_counting_reduction
Process to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants
non-catalytic reduction has an economical advantage over selective catalytic reduction, as the cost of the catalyst is not there. John L. Sorrels; David
Selective non-catalytic reduction
Selective_non-catalytic_reduction
Surgical procedure
reducing the Adam's apple after a tracheal shave if the patient finds the reduction done after an initial shave inadequate, as it explicitly removes tissue
Chondrolaryngoplasty
Attempts to reduce idling of vehicle engines
Idle reduction describes technologies and practices that minimize the amount of time drivers idle their engines. Avoiding idling time has a multitude
Idle_reduction
Family of optimization algorithms
variance reduction methods converge almost as fast as the gradient descent method's O ( ( L / μ ) log ( 1 / ϵ ) ) {\displaystyle O{\bigl (}(L/\mu )\log(1/\epsilon
Stochastic_variance_reduction
Family of noise reduction systems
dbx is a family of noise reduction systems developed by the company of the same name. The most common implementations are dbx Type I and dbx Type II for
Dbx_(noise_reduction)
Electromotive force of a half reaction cell versus standard hydrogen electrode
down into two half-reactions: oxidation at anode (loss of electron) and reduction at cathode (gain of electron). Electricity is produced due to the difference
Standard_electrode_potential
Technique used in formal verification of computer systems
In computer science, partial order reduction is a technique for reducing the size of the state-space to be searched by a model checking or automated planning
Partial_order_reduction
Mathematical concept
an automorphic L-function is a function L(s,π,r) of a complex variable s, associated to an automorphic representation π of a reductive group G over a
Automorphic_L-function
"subcubic reduction", a special case of a fine-grained reduction, was presented at the 2010 Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. Carmosino, Marco L.;
Fine-grained_reduction
Orthodontic treatment
Interproximal reduction (IPR, also called interproximal enamel reduction (IER), slendering, air rotor stripping (ARS) or reproximation) is the practice
Interproximal_reduction
Academic journal on human and industrial safety
The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction is a monthly peer-reviewed academic journal that focuses on disasters and mitigation solutions to
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction
International_Journal_of_Disaster_Risk_Reduction
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
Male
Swedish
Swedish form of Greek Paulos, PÃ…L means "small."
Male
French
French name derived from Latin natalis dies, NOËL means "day of birth."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Lord of majesty and generosity
Male
Dutch
, God's judge.
Boy/Male
Irish
Rooster.
Male
French
French form of Greek Ioel (Hebrew Yowel), JOËL means "Jehovah is God" or "to whom Jehovah is God."
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Greek Paulos, PÃL means "small."
Male
Scottish
Scottish form of Latin Paulus, PÀL means "small."
Boy/Male
Indian
Lord of majesty and generosity
Girl/Female
Indian
Pl of hazz, Fortune, Good l
Girl/Female
Muslim
Pl of hazz, Fortune, Good l
Male
Irish
Irish form of Greek Paulos, PÓL means "small."
Male
Irish
Irish Gaelic form of Greek MichaÄ“l, MÃCHEÃL means "who is like God?"
Male
Norwegian
Norwegian variant form of Scandinavian Njal, NJÃ…L means "champion."
Girl/Female
African, Arabic, Australian, Danish, German, Muslim, Pashtun, Swahili
Pure; L; Holy; Clean; Dean
Girl/Female
Assamese, British, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malay, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Oriya, Sindhi, Tamil
Like a Goddess; Daughter of Shukraacharya; L
Male
French
Masculine form of French Gaëlle, GAËL means "holy and generous."
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Miner; L Digger
Male
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Roman Latin Cornelius, KORNÉL means "of a horn."
Male
French
French form of Hebrew Rephael, RAPHAËL means "healed of God" or "whom God has healed."
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
Male
Serbian
(Горан) Serbian name GORAN means "mountain man."
Girl/Female
Arabic
Extraordinary
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Star
Female
Greek
(ΚÏμα) Greek name KYMA means "sprout" or "wave." Also spelled Kuma.
Boy/Male
Biblical
A cake, bread baked in ashes.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Well-born (Wife of Virata maharaja)
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Debbie, DEBBI means "bee."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Kindness
Boy/Male
Arabic
Servant of the Guided
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dipendu | திபேநà¯à®¤à¯
Bright Moon, The Moon
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
L REDUCTION
n.
A short right-angled pipe fitting, used in connecting two pipes at right angles.
v. t.
To betray; to show. [L.]
a.
Relating to Casserio (L. Gasserius), the discover of the Gasserian ganglion.
L. catechunenus, Gr.
One who is receiving rudimentary instruction in the doctrines of Christianity; a neophyte; in the primitive church, one officially recognized as a Christian, and admitted to instruction preliminary to admission to full membership in the church.
n.
See L.
n.
An extension at right angles to the length of a main building, giving to the ground plan a form resembling the letter L; sometimes less properly applied to a narrower, or lower, extension in the direction of the length of the main building; a wing.
n.
A large stork of the genus Leptoptilos (formerly Ciconia), esp. the African species (L. crumenifer), which furnishes plumes worn as ornaments. The Asiatic species (L. dubius, or L. argala) is the adjutant. See Adjutant.
n.
The name of the Greek letter /, /, corresponding with the English letter L, l.
n.
A weed of the genus Lamium (L. amplexicaule) with deeply crenate leaves.
n.
Any small leguminous plant of the genus Lathyrus, especially L. Nissolia.
n.
A symbol representing fifty units, as 50, or l.
n.
An imperfect enunciation of the letter r, in which it sounds like l.