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Geographer of Abbasid period
Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farsi al-Istakhri (آبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد الفارسي الإصطخري) (also Estakhri, Persian: استخری, i.e. from the Iranian
Istakhri
Islamic geographical manuscripts
about the authorship of the works of Ibn Hawqal, al-Istakhri, and al-Balkhi. Around 921 AD, al-Istakhri likely used a series of annotated maps by al-Balkhi
Book_of_Roads_and_Kingdoms
Iranic ethnic group
centuries of Islam, Arab and Persian historians, among them Masudi and Istakhri, frequently mentioned Kurds living outside of Kurdistan, in areas such
Kurds
Country in West Asia
name "Oman" is mentioned in Arabic sources as an independent region. Al-Istakhri and Ibn Hawqal referred to this in their sayings: "Oman is a region with
Oman
Third Islamic caliphate
Book of Roads and Kingdoms written by Istakhri
Abbasid_Caliphate
10th-century fortress near Saint-Tropez, Provence
version of the geographical treatise Kitāb al-Masālik waʿl-mamālik by al-Iṣṭakhrī (951), and an anonymous Persian geography, Ḥudūd al-ʿĀlam (late 10th century)
Fraxinetum
1256-1335 Post-Mongol Empire khanate in Iran
Please! The Translations of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms". Picturing the Islamicate World: The Story of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms
Ilkhanate
(from Balkh) in early 10th century Baghdad, and significantly developed by Istakhri, had a conservative and religious character: it was only interested in
Geography and cartography in the medieval Islamic world
Geography_and_cartography_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world
City in southeastern Uzbekistan
including the Seljuqs and the Khwarazmshahs. The 10th-century Persian author Istakhri, who travelled in Transoxiana, provides a vivid description of the natural
Samarkand
Capital and the largest city of Afghanistan
Muslims with non-Muslims living close by. Iranian traveller and geographer Istakhri described it in 921: Kábul has a castle celebrated for its strength, accessible
Kabul
10th-century Arab traveller and ethnographer
ibn Fadlan Abu Zayd al-Balkhi Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani Al-Masudi Istakhri Khashkhash Ibn Saeed Ibn Aswad Ibn Hawqal Ibn al-Faqih Al-Muqaddasi Buzurg
Ahmad_ibn_Fadlan
Ethnolinguistic group native to South Asia and Iran
migrations occurred over several centuries. By the 9th century, Arab writers Istakhri, Yaqut al-Hamawi and Al-Muqaddasī refer to the Baloch as a distinct ethnical
Baloch_people
10th century Arab writer and geographer
on a revision and augmentation of the text called Masālik ul-Mamālik by Istakhri (AD 951), which itself was a revised edition of the Ṣuwar al-aqālīm by
Ibn_Hawqal
Ancient major city in Central Asia
working at the observatory in Merv. As Persian geographer and traveller al-Istakhri wrote of Merv: "Of all the countries of Iran, these people were noted for
Merv
Family of ethnic groups of Eurasia
Turks, the Western Turkic Khazars were racially and ethnically mixed." Istakhri described Khazars as having black hair while Ibn Sa'id al-Maghribi described
Turkic_peoples
Medieval town in Transoxiana
was located in the vicinity of the present-day Rabinjan. According to Al-Istakhri, it was two farsakhs (about 10 kilometers) from Rabinjan. Chinese sources
Kushaniya
Historical semi-nomadic Turkic ethnic group
language. The latter is based upon the assertion of the Persian historian Istakhri that the Khazar language was different from any other known tongue, although
Khazars
Extinct Turkic language spoken by Khazars
Khazar's linguistic affiliation. The tenth-century traveler and geographer al-Istakhri wrote two conflicting notices: "the language of the Khazars is different
Khazar_language
and narrow at the south; its figure is that of a half-moon." c. 950 Hind Istakhri "As for the land of the Hind it is bounded on the East by the Persian Sea
Names_of_India
Khazar city on the Caspian Sea (6th century-960s)
sometime between 730 and 750. According to the 10th-century geographers al-Istakhri and Ibn Hawqal, Samandar was inhabited by Jews, Christians, Muslims, and
Samandar_(city)
Turkic ethnic group
Muslim scholars, including 9th-10th century geographers Ibn Khordadbeh and Istakhri, narrated that the Khalaj were one of the earliest Turkic tribes to have
Khalaj_people
Chemical compound
the baths.) See also: Sutton et al., p. 595. The Persian geographer Al-Istakhri (d. 957 A.D.) stated that ammonium chloride was obtained from the soot
Ammonium_chloride
Final-stage classification of the Persian language
New Persian language since the 10th century, widely used in Arabic (see Istakhri, al-Maqdisi and ibn Hawqal) and Persian texts. Since 1964, Dari has been
New_Persian
Extinct Iranian language of northern Iran
as one of Iranian dialects spoken between the 9th and 13th centuries. Istakhri, a medieval Iranian geographer, has written about the language, as did
Daylami_language
Indian spice derived from Ferula roots
Kikan; for Abū Manṣūr, the highest-quality variety comes from Merv; for Istakhri, asafoetida is produced in large quantities in the desert between Sistan
Asafoetida
City in Gujarat, India
port called "Surabaya" mentioned by the 10th-century Arabic geographer Istakhri as being four days south of Khambhat and five days north of Sanjan. Other
Surat
Burial place of the biblical figure Daniel in Iran
The grave can be seen by anyone who dives to the bottom of the water". Istakhri gave a similar account and added that the Jews were accustomed to make
Tomb_of_Daniel
Destroyed Hindu temple in Punjab, Pakistan
but to the poor. Multiple Muslim sources — from voyager-historians like Istakhri, al-Maqdisi, al-Masudi, Ahmad ibn Rustah and Ibn Hawqal to encyclopedists
Multan_Sun_Temple
Ancient city in Fars province, modern Iran
geographers wrote about Istakhr. In the mid-10th century, the travel writer Istakhri (himself a native), described it as a medium-sized town. The geographer
Istakhr
List of early depictions of the world
experience and probably the works of Ptolemy. Another such cartographer was Istakhri. This map appears in a copy of a classical work on geography, the Latin
Early_world_maps
Archaeological site in northwest Saudi Arabia
northwest of Medina, and 500 km (310 miles) southeast of Petra, Jordan. Istakhri wrote in his Routes of the Realms (مسالك الممالك): Al-Hijr is a small
Hegra
Tribal center of early East Slavs
920) and mentioned in works by some of his followers (Ibn Hawqal, Al-Istakhri, Hudud ul-'alam). The two other centers were Arthaniya (Arabic: ارثانية
Slawiya
Reportedly a polity of ancient Rus (from Arabic sources)
920 CE and mentioned in works by some of his followers: (Ibn Hawqal, Al-Istakhri, and Hudud ul-'alam). The two other Rus centers identified in the Arabic-language
Arthania
10th-century Persian geography book
as the lost book Kitāb al-Masālik wal-Mamālik written by Jayhani. (c) Istakhri (Ist.), Masālik al-Mamālik (مسالك الممالك, "Routes of the Realms") or kitab
Hudud_al-'Alam
Arab geographer (c. 945/946 – 991)
of Islam", inaugurated by Abu Zayd al-Balkhi (d. 934) and developed by Istakhri (d. 957) and al-Maqdisi's contemporary Ibn Hawqal (d. 978). Al-Balkhi's
Al-Maqdisi
Province of Afghanistan
Ghoristan. The mountainous country between Hirat and Ghazni. According to Istakhri and Ibn Haukal, it was a rugged mountainous country, bounded by the districts
Ghor_Province
Shia Iranian dynasty in Iran and Iraq (934–1062)
which were all written in Arabic by mostly Iranian authors. The geographer Istakhri, who was active in the late 10th-century and wrote; "The best cultivated
Buyid_dynasty
Itil [ru] (Volga) 10th century Arab geographers of the classical school: Al-Istakhri, Ibn Hawqal, al-Muqaddasi; Ibn Fadlan, al-Masudi, Letter of Joseph (without
List_of_Khazar_cities
Western Turkic people
as the Toquz Oghuz from whom emerged the founders of Uyghur Khaganate. Istakhri and Muhammad ibn Muhmad al-Tusi kept the Toquz Oghuz and Oghuz distinct
Oghuz_Turks
Valley north of Medina in Saudi Arabia
suggests the area contained several villages. The 10th-century geographer Istakhri noted it was one of the most populous and agriculturally productive areas
Wadi_al-Qura
Alchabitius, Introduction to the Art of Judgments of the Stars 951–978: Istakhri, Traditions of Countries and Ibn Hawqal, The Face of the Earth: "The provinces
Timeline of the name Palestine
Timeline_of_the_name_Palestine
Medieval name for the district around Khuzdar, Baluchistan
the territory in British Indian times of the Khanate of Kalat. Tabari, Istakhri and Ibn Hawqal mentioned Turan in their history books. Minorsky, V. (2000)
Turan_(Baluchistan)
1513 Ottoman nautical chart
wa-al-mamālik) maps (Pinto 2012, p. 76). Of the thirty-five remaining Istakhri manuscripts, six originate from this period in Istanbul (Pinto 2011, p
Piri_Reis_map
Long smoothed rock surface on Mount Behistun in Iran
Farhād Tarāsh has sparked interest from medieval geographers including Istakhri (died 957) and Yaqut al-Hamawi (died 1229) to travelers and archaeologists
Farhād_Tarāsh
Oasis region in Central Asia
God'). In the course of the 10th century—when some geographers such as Istakhri in his Al-Masalik wa-l-mamalik mention Khwarezm as part of Khorasan and
Khwarazm
apparently recovered by the 9th century according to Persian geographer Istakhri who wrote that merchants grew rich there "for this place was a great market
History_of_Gaza
Ancient settlement of the Rus
920) and mentioned in works by some of his followers (Ibn Hawqal, Al-Istakhri, Hudud ul-'alam). The two other centers were Slawiya (Arabic: صلاوية Ṣ(a)lāwiya)
Kuyaba
Ancient state in the Caucasus
Majmueyeh Enteshārat Adabi o Tarikho Moqufāt Doctor Afshar, Tehran. On Istakhri: Estakhri of the 10th century also states: "In Azerbeijan, Armenia and
Caucasian_Albania
Islamic view of Solomon
as "playground of Solomon" by scholars such as Mas'udi, Muqaddasi and Istakhri. Other Muslim authors have opposed the belief that Solomon once ruled in
Solomon_in_Islam
City in Ma'an Governorate, Jordan
entered a period of relative prosperity. In 951 the Persian geographer Istakhri described it as "a small town on the border of the desert." He claimed
Ma'an
10th-century book by Ibn Hawqal
following his travels, which commenced in 331 AH. The work was influenced by Istakhri, who requested that he complete his Masalik and Mamalik. Nevertheless,
Surat_al-Ard
Province of Iran
the same bridge that was called "Andamesh Bridge" by historians such as Istakhri who says the city of Andimeshk takes its name from this bridge. Muqaddasi
Khuzestan_province
766–1055 Turkic state in Central Asia
as the Oghuz who founded the Oghuz Yabgu state in Transoxiana. because Istakhri and Muhammad ibn Muhmad al-Tusi kept the Toquz Oghuz and Oghuz distinct
Oghuz_Yabgu_State
Political entities in the Indian subcontinent from 3rd century BCE - 13th century CE
Kamath 1980, p. 81. Murujul Zahab by Al Masudi (944), Kitabul Akalim by Al Istakhri (951), Ashkal-ul-Bilad by Ibn Haukal (976) From the Sanjan inscriptions
Middle_kingdoms_of_India
Place in Hormozgan, Iran
River was a river in Medieval Southern Persia. Mentioned by Marco Polo, Istakhri and by Yaqut al-Hamawi Its name means River of Robbers. Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi
Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi
Conquests of the Rashidun Caliphate, 634–644
Khuzestan map of al-Istakhri, Abbasid geographer
Military conquests of Umar's era
Military_conquests_of_Umar's_era
Northern part of the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
University Press. pp. 72–. ISBN 978-0-521-79666-8. Retrieved 27 June 2011. Istakhri, Ibrahim. Al-Masālik wa-al-mamālik, Dār al-Qalam, Cairo, 1961 Brauer, Ralph
Upper_Mesopotamia
Berber tribal confederation
and are also considered to be one of the ancestors of the Schleuhs. Al-Istakhri (10th century) gives only a broad ethnogeographic classification, placing
Masmuda
Last ruler of the Ghassanid state in the 7th century
abode in the Charsianon region of Byzantine Anatolia. The geographer al-Istakhri mentions the descendants of these tribesmen in that region during the 10th
Jabala_ibn_al-Ayham
Pre-Islamic history of Afghanistan
are Musulmáns, and it has a town, in which are infidels from Hind." — Istakhri, 921 AD The first mention of a Hindu in Afghanistan appears in the 982
Hindu and Buddhist heritage of Afghanistan
Hindu_and_Buddhist_heritage_of_Afghanistan
City in Ash Sharqiyah Governorate, Egypt
by the medieval geographers Qudama ibn Ja'far, Ibn Khordadbeh, Maqrizi, Istakhri, Ibn Hawqal, and al-Muqaddasi. The 1885 Census of Egypt recorded Faqus
Faqous
original out the 14 surviving manuscripts. no regional name shown 952 Istakhri map Istakhri Drawn in 952 AD, copy from 1298. no regional name shown 995 Cotton
Cartography_of_Palestine
Arab-Muslim dynasty in Sindh (854–1011)
through Mansura made it a wealthy city, as confirmed by the accounts of Istakhri, Ibn Hawqal, and Al-Maqdisi, who had all visited the city. Five more members
Habbari_Emirate
Extinct Oghur Turkic language
scholars generally consider Hunnish as unclassifiable. As was stated by Al-Istakhri (c. 10 century CE), "The language of the Khazars is different than the
Bulgar_language
Semitic-speaking ethnic group in Ethiopia
scholars such as Ibn Khurradādhbih, al-Yaʿqūbī, Ibn Ḥawqal, al-Maqdisī, al-Iṣṭakhrī, and al-Idrīsī refer to a region called Tīgrī or Tīgra, identifying it
Tigrayans
Persian polymath (850-934)
Sustenance of the soul, al-Balkhi, Gutenberg Press, p37 M. J. de Goeje: "Die Istakhri-Balkhi Frage" (Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft
Abu_Zayd_al-Balkhi
Former town in Al Anbar, Iraq
decline accelerated after that: while the early 10th-century geographer Istakhri still calls the town modest but populous, with the ruins of the buildings
Anbar_(town)
Extinct Northeast Caucasian language
written language, giving way to Armenian and Georgian. The geographer Istakhri (writing c. 930) reports that al-rānīya was spoken in "the country of Bardha'a
Caucasian_Albanian_language
5th-century fortress in Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Square was created, and a palace with a portal was built here, which al-Istakhri recognized as the grandest in the countries of Islam. The portal faced
Ark_of_Bukhara
geographical work appears in the General Survey of Roads and Kingdoms by Istakhri in the mid-9th century. The first verifiable presence of Islam in Korea
Islam_in_Korea
Aspect of Azerbaijani industry
well known historians and travelers as Prisk of Pontus (5th century), Abu-Istakhri (8th century), Ahmed Balazuri (9th century), Masudi (10th century), Marco
Petroleum industry in Azerbaijan
Petroleum_industry_in_Azerbaijan
Place in Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia
hijaz ...after Mecca, as well as the most flourishing and populous. al-Istakhri says that among the towns of the hijaz, Wadi al Qura is second only to
Qurh,_Saudi_Arabia
Seizure and destruction of Merv by the Mongol army
working at the observatory in Merv. Persian geographer and traveller al-Istakhri wrote of Merv: "Of all the countries of Iran, these people were noted for
Siege_of_Merv_(1221)
popular one in Arabic literature with books by ibn Hawqal, ibn Fadlan, al-Istakhri, al-Muqaddasi, al-Idrisi and most famously the travels of ibn Battutah
Arabic_literature
structures damaged in earthquakes being repaired. Geographers Ibn Hawqal and al-Istakhri (10th century) describe Jerusalem as "the most fertile province of Palestine"
History_of_Jerusalem
Town in Balochistan, Pakistan
Balochi. Mastung was known to the 10th-century geographers al-Muqaddasi and Istakhri, who both listed it among the towns in the province of Bālis, also called
Mastung,_Pakistan
Ancient port city in Sindh, Pakistan
vague description of its location, although the maps by Ibn Hawqal and Istakhri depict it as being on the west bank of the Indus, right at the shore. Firishta
Debal
Pashtun tribe
Muslim scholars, including 9th-10th century geographers Ibn Khordadbeh and Istakhri, narrated that the Khalaj were one of the earliest tribes to have crossed
Ghilji
Geographic naming dispute
Arabic, from the 9th century text Al-aqalim by the Persian geographer Istakhri Giacomo Gastaldi's map c. 1548 is denoted by cartographic historian Gerald
Persian_Gulf_naming_dispute
Name list
Ishaq Ibrahim I (1279–1283), Hafsid emir of Ifriqiya Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Istakhri (died after 952), Persian geographer Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Sahili (1290–1346)
Abu_Ishaq
City in Fergana Region, eastern Uzbekistan
Havokand or Hokand Arab geographers and travelers of the 10th century, Al-Istakhri and Ibn Haukal mention the city of Khovakand or Khokand, which in distance
Kokand
Seminal work on cosmography
the most important of whom are old geographers and historians such as Istakhri, Ahmad ibn Fadlan, al-Masudi, Ibn Hawqal, al-Biruni, Ibn al-Athir, al-Maqdisi
Aja'ib_al-Makhluqat
Calendar year
duke of Swabia date unknown Arinjaya, king of the Chola Kingdom (India) Istakhri, Persian traveler and geographer Marzuban ibn Muhammad, Sallarid ruler
957
Historical region in Mesopotamia (Iraq)
district with a governor. Writing in the 10th century, al-Muqaddasī and al-Iṣṭakhrī describe it as belonging to the province of Fars. Its agricultural sector
Rādhān
Medieval town in Transoxiana
to be thirteen farsakhs from Samarkand and twenty-four from Bukhara. Al-Istakhri added that it was two farsakhs from al-Kushaniya. The site of Rabinjan
Rabinjan
One of a cluster of five biblical cities
the midst of a grove of palm trees under the names of Balac or Segor. Istakhri and Ibn Haukal, two Arab geographers of the 10th century, highly praise
Zoara
Please! The Translations of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms". Picturing the Islamicate World: The Story of al-Iṣṭakhrī's Book of Routes and Realms
Tarikh-i_Bayhaqi
City in Bushehr province, Iran
was 2.53 million dinars. The most detailed account of Siraf comes from Istakhri, shortly before 950. He described it as the second-largest city in the
Bandar_Siraf
Egyptian mathematician of Abbasid era (c. 850 – 930)
of Islamic mathematicians wrote commentaries on this work, including al-Iṣṭakhrī al-Ḥāsib and ʿAli ibn Aḥmad al-ʿImrānī (d. 955 or 956), but both commentaries
Abu_Kamil
Fire Temple in Azerbaijan
impensis H.W. Meyeri, 1712. Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Muhammad al-Farisi al Istakhri. Ketāb al-masālek wa’l-mamālek History of the Caucasian Albanians by Movses
Ateshgah_of_Baku
Medieval region in Transoxiana
Balkh. Ilaq was known to feature a large number of settlements, with al-Istakhri listing fourteen towns that belonged to it. The largest town of the district
Ilaq
Muslim scholar and traditionist (918–995)
from whom he learned the different recitations of the Quran Abu Sa'id al-Istakhri His students included the hadith scholars: Al-Hakim al-Nishapuri Abu Nu'aym
Al-Daraqutni
Highland region in modern southern Jordan and northwestern Saudi Arabia
considered to be the actual "mountains of Edom". Persian geographer Al-Istakhri (d. 957) described the Palestinian districts as "extremely fertile and
Al-Sharat
History of Barda, Azerbaijan
Bazaar was located here. According to the Arab authors al-Muqaddasi and al-Istakhri, the city's population was about 100,000 people. With the collapse of the
History_of_Barda
7th-century companion of Muhammad and military commander
Khuzestan map of al-Istakhri, Abbasid geographer
Arfajah
Tower-like structure in Iran
sources, and it is unclear that the names Aywān kiyākhurra (ایوان کیاخوره) (Istakhri), Gunbad-i Kīrmān (or Gīrmān; گنبد گیرمان) and Īrān Garda/Girda (ایران
Minar_(Firuzabad)
City in Zanjan province, Iran
south of Soltaniyeh on the road from Hamadan to Zanjan. According to al-Istakhri, this route was the shortest route to get from Jibal to Adharbayjan and
Sohrevard
Bilateral relations
subcontinent, and the town of Kabul was noted by Iranian traveller and geographer Istakhri in 921 to be inhabited by the people of Hind. Between the 10th century
Afghanistan–India_relations
Region in Syria and Jordan
historian Moshe Hartal. According to the 10th-century Muslim geographer Istakhri, the Hauran and Bathaniyya were "...two great districts of the Damascus
Hauran
(850–934) founded the "Balkhī school" of terrestrial mapping in Baghdad. Al-Istakhri (died 957) compiled the Book of the Routes of States, (Kitab Masalik al-Mamalik)
History_of_geography
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
A shafaee jurist
Boy/Male
Indian
A shafaee jurist, Abu Saeed
Boy/Male
Muslim
A shafaee jurist, Abu Saeed
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Shafaee Jurist; Abu Saeed Al-hasan had this Name
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi
Joy; Light
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Hopeful
Girl/Female
Australian, Christian, French, Hebrew, Jewish
Father of Dew
Girl/Female
Tamil
Equaled, Similar
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Light
Male
Iranian/Persian
(شاهنشاه) Persian name SHAHANSHAH means "king of kings."
Girl/Female
Indian, Tamil
Pearl
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Fair; Beautiful
Boy/Male
Tamil
Jovils | ஜோவீலà¯à®¸
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Joyous; Making a Pleasing Sounds
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI
ISTAKHRI