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Very high velocity
hypervelocity impact. An impact under extreme hypervelocity results in vaporization of the impactor and target. For structural metals, hypervelocity is
Hypervelocity
Study of the movement of stars
However, distant hypervelocity star candidates are more promising. In March 2019, LAMOST-HVS1 was reported to be a confirmed hypervelocity star ejected from
Stellar_kinematics
American 155 mm self-propelled howitzer
Navy's Hypervelocity Projectile". Retrieved 28 August 2023. Sherman, Jason (29 March 2023). "Army executes prototype cannon-launched, hypervelocity guided
M109_howitzer
In physics, two bodies contacting each other
hypervelocity impact. An impact under extreme hypervelocity results in vaporization of the impactor and target. For structural metals, hypervelocity is
Collision
First hypervelocity spacecraft collision
(490 mi) above the Taymyr Peninsula in Siberia. It was the first time a hypervelocity collision had occurred between two satellites; previous incidents had
2009_satellite_collision
Projectiles' behavior after reaching their targets
Terminal ballistics is a sub-field of ballistics concerned with the behavior and effects of a projectile when it hits and transfers its energy to a target
Terminal_ballistics
Type of wind tunnel
A hypersonic wind tunnel is designed to generate a hypersonic flow field in the working section, thus simulating the typical flow features of this flow
Hypersonic_wind_tunnel
Naval gun
tunnels when not in use to protect them from attack. A 13.5/8-inch hypervelocity gun (a type of very large-calibre artillery) for stratospheric experiments
BL_13.5-inch_Mk_V_naval_gun
U.S. military defense program (1984–1993)
civilian telescopes to remove atmospheric distortions. Research on hypervelocity railgun technology was conducted to build an information base about
Strategic_Defense_Initiative
Gun designed to generate very high speed
Retrieved 2024-10-12. "Remote Hypervelocity Test Facility". NASA. 2014-07-31. Archived from the original on 2014-07-30. "Hypervelocity Range Facility". Arnold
Light-gas_gun
Hypothetical travel between galaxies
hypothesis, and science fiction. Theorized in 1988, and observed in 2005, hypervelocity stars move faster than the escape velocity of the Milky Way, and are
Intergalactic_travel
Weapon based solely on a projectile's kinetic energy
attaining a high flight speed – generally supersonic or even up to hypervelocity – and collide with their targets, converting their kinetic energy and
Kinetic_energy_weapon
Air-to-surface rocket
United States Navy in 1966. Given the name HART, (which stands for Hypervelocity Aircraft Rocket, Tactical), the new rocket was intended to replace the
AGR-14_ZAP
Military hypersonic wind tunnel
AEDC Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel 9 is a hypersonic wind tunnel owned by the United States Air Force and operated by National Aerospace Solutions The facility
Hypervelocity_Wind_Tunnel_9
Spacecraft for deflecting dangerous NEOs
A Hypervelocity Asteroid Intercept Vehicle (HAIV) is a spacecraft being developed by NASA to deflect dangerous Near Earth objects (NEOs) such as comets
Hypervelocity Asteroid Intercept Vehicle
Hypervelocity_Asteroid_Intercept_Vehicle
NASA research facility in Northern California
Complex supports hypervelocity aerodynamics and impact-physics testing. It includes the Ames Vertical Gun Range, the Hypervelocity Free-Flight Aerodynamic
Ames_Research_Center
Naval artillery gun
2024. "BAE Systems' Hypervelocity Projectile (HVP) at SNA 2025". YouTube. 17 January 2025. "Army to sole-source deal for hypervelocity projectiles, drone-killing
5-inch/54-caliber_Mark_45_gun
Impact shield to protect spacecraft from micrometeoroids and orbital debris
Fred Whipple, designed to protect crewed and uncrewed spacecraft from hypervelocity collisions with micrometeoroids and orbital debris. Relative velocities
Whipple_shield
Aerodynamic testing facility
Aeronautical Journal January 2006 Hollis, Brian R.; Perkins, John N., “Hypervelocity Heat-Transfer Measurements in an Expansion Tube,” AIAA Paper 96-2240
Expansion_tunnel
Ballistic missile warhead type
very low terminal attack profiles are even subject to attack by modern hypervelocity guns and railguns. The evasion capabilities that HGVs employ are largely
Hypersonic_glide_vehicle
Variety of rimfire 22 caliber ammunition
as the .22 long, and outperforms it in a long rifle barrel. Modern Hypervelocity loadings of the .22 long rifle use bullets as light as 30 gr (1.9 g)
.22_long
Variable star in the constellation Hydra
star", it is the first discovered member of a class of objects named hypervelocity stars. It was discovered in 2005 at the MMT Observatory of the Center
SDSS_J090745.0+024507
Velocity of projectile the moment it leaves the gun barrel
from the original on 6 January 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2011. "Remote Hypervelocity Test Laboratory". Archived from the original on 30 July 2014. Retrieved
Muzzle_velocity
Meteoroid with a mass of less than one gram
showed that ceramic fibre woven shields offer better protection to hypervelocity (~7 km/s) particles than aluminium shields of equal weight. Another
Micrometeoroid
Low-mass hypervelocity star
CWISE J1249+362 (CWISE J124909.08+362116.0) is a low-mass hypervelocity star about 408 light-years distant in the constellation Canes Venatici. It has
CWISE_J1249+3621
Small number of stars that orbit each other
Unbound Stellar stream Stellar association Moving group Runaway star Hypervelocity star Visual grouping Double star Multiple star Star cloud Asterism Constellation
Star_system
Orbit to planetary surface attack with inert projectiles
system described in the 2003 United States Air Force report called Hypervelocity Rod Bundles was that of 20-foot-long (6.1 m), 1-foot-diameter (0.30 m)
Kinetic_bombardment
Israeli-American theoretical physicist (born 1962)
Loeb, Abraham; Wegner, Gary A. (June 11, 2012). "Hypervelocity planets and transits around hypervelocity stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Avi_Loeb
Disestablished United States naval laboratory at White Oak, Maryland
Tunnel (1957), and the Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel (1972) (Article about work performed at the Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel Hypervelocity wind tunnel reaches
Naval_Ordnance_Laboratory
American astrophysicist
MacArthur Fellow Kareem El-Badry from Caltech on black holes, binary and hypervelocity stars". Blue Dot podcast. Retrieved February 17, 2026. "New York Times:
Kareem_El-Badry
Hypothesis on the interstellar spreading of primordial life
subtilis spores inoculated onto granite domes were twice subjected to hypervelocity atmospheric transit by launch to a ~120 km altitude on an Orion two-stage
Panspermia
Circular geological feature in the Sahara desert
was found for shock metamorphism or other deformation indicative of a hypervelocity extraterrestrial impact. Coesite, an indicator of shock metamorphism
Richat_Structure
Indian long range anti-ship hypersonic missile
"Hypervelocity Expansion Tunnel Test Facility". www.iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 1 December 2024. Tripathi, Sibu Kumar (5 February 2024). "Hypervelocity facility
LRAShM_(missile)
Satellite galaxy of the Milky Way
estimated to have 630,000+370,000 −380,000 times the mass of the Sun. 21 hypervelocity stars have been discovered within the Milky Way's halo, which are thought
Large_Magellanic_Cloud
Pair of runaway stars in the constellation Libra
HD 134439 and HD 134440 are a pair of K-type runaway stars, nearly hypervelocity stars, in the constellation Libra. Although they are roughly 96 ly away
HD_134439_and_HD_134440
Star not gravitationally bound to any galaxy
theoretically accelerate a star to such high speeds that it becomes a hypervelocity star, thereby escaping the gravitational well of the entire galaxy.
Intergalactic_star
Common type of artillery calibre
barrel. United States HVP Development The Hypervelocity Projectile (HVP) is an experimental hypervelocity projectile with ranges as great as 94 km (58 mi)
155_mm_caliber
Star in the constellation Pavo
frost line of that system). The material had to have been created in a hypervelocity impact between two large bodies; relative velocities at impacts less
HD_172555
U.S. rocket engine test facility in New Mexico
in space flight. WSTF Laboratories Oxygen Systems Propellant Systems Hypervelocity Impact Testing Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels (COPV) Standard
White_Sands_Test_Facility
Natural number
1103/RevModPhys.69.337. S2CID 12173790. Loeb, Abraham (2011). "Cosmology with Hypervelocity Stars". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2011 (4). Harvard
1,000,000,000,000
Stellar core remnant
kicks the star, often known as a zombie star, to the high speeds of a hypervelocity star. The matter processed in the failed detonation is re-accreted by
White_dwarf
Electromagnetic projectile launcher
was projected to achieve 2500 m/s with a 70 caliber barrel. In some hypervelocity research projects, projectiles are 'pre-injected' into railguns, to
Railgun
Object propelled through the air
attaining a high flight speed – generally supersonic or even up to hypervelocity – and collide with their targets, converting their kinetic energy and
Projectile
Type of vehicle armour
April 2019). "Defeating Modern Armor and Protection Systems". 2019 15th Hypervelocity Impact Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi:10.1115/HVIS2019-050
Reactive_armour
Dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics
Regime Subsonic Transonic Speed of sound Supersonic Hypersonic Hypervelocity Mach <0.8 0.8–1.2 1.0 1.2–5.0 5.0–10.0 >8.8
Mach_number
Gravel-sized glass beads formed from meteorite impacts
unrelated to the extreme conditions of hypervelocity impacts. In addition, various studies have shown that hypervelocity impacts are likely quite capable of
Tektite
Naval artillery system
with the AGS system in the future. In particular he noted that the BAE Hypervelocity Projectile testing, a cross-service 127 mm (5-inch) naval and 155 mm
Advanced_Gun_System
Transitional concept of geologic time
meteorites, cometary samples, and materials returned from Bennu and Ryugu. Hypervelocity collisions induce shock metamorphism, a process uncommon on Earth but
Rock_cycle
Supernova remnant
overlaps the Vela supernova remnant, it is four times more distant. A hypervelocity neutron star known as the Cosmic Cannonball has been found in this SNR
Puppis_A
Hypothesized impact structure beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet
John G. (1976). "The Wilkes Land anomaly: Evidence for a possible hypervelocity impact crater". Journal of Geophysical Research. 81 (B32): 5651–5663
Wilkes_Land_crater
Research Institute in Kanpur, India
"Hypervelocity Expansion Tunnel Test Facility". www.iitk.ac.in. Retrieved 1 December 2024. Tripathi, Sibu Kumar (5 February 2024). "Hypervelocity facility
IIT_Kanpur
Candidate for the first comet nucleus
comet nucleus on Earth, although defying physically-accepted models for hypervelocity processing of organic material. As of November 2023, Hypatia has not
Hypatia_(stone)
Military unit
2009-04-09. Carver, D.; Campbell, L.L.; Roebuck, B. (2008). "Large-scale, hypervelocity, high-fidelity interceptor lethality development in AEDC's range G"
AEDC_Range_G
Meteorite crater in Algeria
Studied of the craters mineralogy has excluded potential hypotheses of hypervelocity metallic bodies causing the crater. The crater was discovered by Karpoff
Amguid_crater
Form of the mineral quartz, found in nuclear test sites and meteor impact zones
surface record of shocked quartz grains, complicating identification of hypervelocity impact features. Shocked quartz is usually associated in nature with
Shocked_quartz
Hypervelocity globular cluster in the constellation Virgo
HVGC-1 is the first discovered hypervelocity globular cluster. Discovered in 2014, it was found escaping the supergiant elliptical galaxy Messier 87,
HVGC-1
Galaxy in the constellation Virgo
somewhat larger than metal-rich clusters. In 2014, HVGC-1, the first hypervelocity globular cluster, was discovered escaping from M87 at 2,300 km/s. The
Messier_87
Satellite constellation providing voice and data coverage
Russian satellite Kosmos 2251. This accidental collision was the first hypervelocity collision between two artificial satellites in low Earth orbit. Iridium
Iridium satellite constellation
Iridium_satellite_constellation
"Abundant Circumstellar Silica Dust and SiO Gas Created by a Giant Hypervelocity Collision in the ~12 Myr HD172555 System". The Astrophysical Journal
List of extrasolar planetary collisions
List_of_extrasolar_planetary_collisions
Artillery using coils to electromagnetically propel a projectile
over simpler railguns is avoiding an intrinsic velocity limit from hypervelocity physical contact and erosion. By having the projectile pulled towards
Coilgun
Sand- to boulder-sized particle of debris in the Solar System
Meteorites are sometimes, but not always, found in association with hypervelocity impact craters; during energetic collisions, the entire impactor may
Meteoroid
Hypervelocity O-type subdwarf in the halo of the Milky Way Galaxy
(2015). "Proper Motions and Trajectories for 16 Extreme Runaway and Hypervelocity Stars". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): 49. arXiv:1502.05069. Bibcode:2015ApJ
US_708
European optical space observatory for astrometry
crowded field and cast doubt on the high Gaia radial velocities of other hypervelocity stars. In late October 2018, the galactic population Gaia-Enceladus
Gaia_(spacecraft)
Concepts for launch into space
College of California. Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact. pp. 48–67. "Hypervelocity Landing Track - Wikiversity". en.wikiversity.org. Retrieved 2023-11-25
Non-rocket_spacelaunch
Chemical compound
using both heat and pressure. The material has potential for use in hypervelocity reentry vehicles such as ICBM heat shields or aerodynamic leading-edges
Hafnium_diboride
Impact crater
Wisconsin". impactcraters.us. Retrieved 2025-10-18. "Glover Bluff - Hypervelocity Impact Crater". Impact Earth Database. Retrieved 2025-10-18. "GLOVER
Glover_Bluff_crater
US Air Force plasma railgun experiment
containing plasma to high speeds. Such a system could be used for "hypervelocity projectiles," x-ray production, and electrical power amplification.
MARAUDER
Explosive with focused effect
Charles (2013). "In-flight conductivity and temperature measurements of hypervelocity projectiles". Procedia Engineering. 58: 48–57. doi:10.1016/j.proeng
Shaped_charge
Rock type formed by lightning strike
to be formed in extreme environments such as nuclear weapon tests, hypervelocity impacts, and interstellar space. Shocked quartz was first described
Fulgurite
Astronomical objects colder than red dwarfs
burning limit is at around 0.080 for [M/H]=-1. This star is also a hypervelocity star. Most L-dwarfs are brown dwarfs. Brown dwarfs are objects with
L_dwarf
Martin J.; Larsen, Nicolaj K. (2024-07-01). "Evidence for ca. 1 Ga hypervelocity impact event found in northwest Greenland". Geology. 52 (7): 517–521
List of impact structures on Earth
List_of_impact_structures_on_Earth
Speed and direction of a motion
(relativistic version of velocity for Minkowski spacetime) Group velocity Hypervelocity Phase velocity Proper velocity (in relativity, using traveler time instead
Velocity
Electric motor that produces a linear force
the coilgun. High-acceleration linear motors are used in studies of hypervelocity collisions, as weapons, or as mass drivers for spacecraft propulsion
Linear_motor
Geological deformation structure
and deform into a dome. A complex crater, caused by collision of a hypervelocity body with another larger than itself, is typified by the presence of
Dome_(geology)
Subdwarf star with spectral type O
milliHertz. HD 49798 is a carbon poor X-ray binary at 830pc. US 708 is a hypervelocity star that exceeds the escape velocity of the Milky Way. They can be
Subdwarf_O_star
Hypothesis of the formation of the Moon
"Abundant Circumstellar Silica Dust and SiO Gas Created by a Giant Hypervelocity Collision in the ~12 Myr HD172555 System". Astrophysical Journal. 701
Giant-impact_hypothesis
Topics referred to by the same term
magnitude, or V-band magnitude, HV Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup HV Hypervelocity star, an astronomical object or as a designation of such in a star catalogue
HV
Branch of fluid mechanics
These regimes are subsonic, transonic, supersonic, hypersonic, and hypervelocity flow. The figure below illustrates the Mach number "spectrum" of these
Compressible_flow
Transparent non-crystalline solid material
to originate from Pleistocene grassland fires, lightning strikes, or hypervelocity impact by one or several asteroids or comets. A piece of volcanic obsidian
Glass
Indian reusable rocket programme
of development. In February 2024, IIT Kanpur built and evaluated the Hypervelocity Expansion Tunnel Test Facility, referred to as S2, in the Department
RLV Technology Demonstration Programme
RLV_Technology_Demonstration_Programme
Hypervelocity star in the constellation Dorado
HE 0437−5439 is a massive, unbound hypervelocity star (HVS), also called HVS3. It is a main sequence B-type star located in the Dorado constellation.
HE_0437−5439
Field artillery branch of the U.S. Army
units. In September 2020 an AI kill chain was formulated in seconds; a hypervelocity (speeds up to Mach 5) munition, launched from a descendant of the Paladin
Field Artillery Branch (United States)
Field_Artillery_Branch_(United_States)
Flight faster than Mach 5 below 90 km
temperatures of up to 2,000 °C (3,630 °F), which it experienced at hypervelocity Russia considered its initial carbon fiber solution to be unreliable
Hypersonic_flight
Crater on the Moon
18-km-long "figure 8" pair of noncircular craters probably was not formed by hypervelocity impacts of bodies from space. It could be a secondary impact feature
Guericke_(crater)
Cold War-era American medium tank
developing the improved T300E53 HEAT ammunition and the T137 series of hypervelocity armor-piercing discarding-sabot (HVAP-DS or simply APDS) ammunition
M48_Patton
American scientist (born 1964)
His contributions span multiple fields of study, including: molecular hypervelocity impact phenomena in space missions, dynamics of materials in extreme
Andres_Jaramillo-Botero
Shaped charge designed to penetrate armor effectively
has a conical metal liner that is forced by an explosive blast into a hypervelocity jet of superplastic metal able to penetrate thick armor and knock out
Explosively_formed_penetrator
Scientific projections regarding the far future
2019. Retrieved 2 October 2009. Loeb, Abraham (2011). "Cosmology with Hypervelocity Stars". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2011 (4). Harvard
Timeline_of_the_far_future
Type of armour
design. If the projectile travels very fast, and thus is in a state of hypervelocity, the strength of the armour material becomes negligible, because the
Sloped_armour
Method of storing energy
pulsed power supplies for fusion reactors, high-power pulsed lasers, and hypervelocity electromagnetic launchers because of its high energy density and power
Flywheel_energy_storage
Topics referred to by the same term
1980s German human-powered aircraft HVS Global Hospitality Services Hypervelocity star Hyperventilation syndrome This disambiguation page lists articles
HVS
Unit of time
ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 14964036. Loeb, Abraham (2011-04-18). "Cosmology with hypervelocity stars". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2011 (4). IOP
Galactic_year
Topics referred to by the same term
science museum of the University of Cambridge Whipple shield, a type of hypervelocity impact shield Whipple procedure, a surgery to remove the head of the
Whipple
Synthetic ultralight solid material
combination. Alumina aerogels are also being considered by NASA for capturing hypervelocity particles; a formulation doped with gadolinium and terbium could fluoresce
Aerogel
Capabilities". Retrieved 26 January 2024. "GVPM". Retrieved 26 January 2024. "Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel 9". Retrieved 27 January 2024. "Jules Verne Climatic Wind
List_of_wind_tunnels
American light tank
Originally conceived to be a wheeled light armored vehicle armed with a hypervelocity missile as its major tank-killing system. In 1980, the U.S. Army Infantry
M8_armored_gun_system
the Pleistocene Epoch. The impact crater thereby formed is the only hypervelocity meteoritic impact crater on basalt rock. A lake that evolved in the
List of tourist attractions in Aurangabad
List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Aurangabad
Indian crewed orbital spacecraft
it is in orbit. In February 2024, IIT Kanpur built and evaluated the Hypervelocity Expansion Tunnel Test Facility, referred to as S2, in the Department
Gaganyaan
Section of a device that contains the explosive agent or toxic material
charge is focused onto a specially shaped metal liner to project a hypervelocity jet of metal, to perforate heavy armour. Explosively formed penetrator:
Warhead
1157394. ISSN 2296-598X. Staff (2017–2022). "HyperJet Fusion Corporation: Hypervelocity Plasma Guns for Clean Energy, Industry & Space". HyperJet Fusion Corp
List of nuclear fusion companies
List_of_nuclear_fusion_companies
HYPERVELOCITY
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Surname or Lastname
English (northern)
English (northern) : habitational name from a lost place in County Durham called Hollingside or Holmside, from Old English hole(g)n ‘holly’ + sīde ‘hillside’, ‘slope’; there is a Hollingside Lane on the southern outskirts of Durham city. In some cases it may be from Hollinhead in Lancashire, so named from Old English holegn ‘holly’ + hēafod ‘headland’, ‘ridge’.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Purity
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Thought
Girl/Female
Hungarian
Messenger.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dharmaveer | தரà¯à®®à®µà¯€à®°
Protector of religion
Girl/Female
Tamil
Earth
Boy/Male
Indian
The wrapped one
Boy/Male
Tamil
Victory
Boy/Male
Muslim
Female
Irish
Variant spelling of Irish Éadan, ÉADAOIN means "face" or perhaps "against" or "opposite."
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