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linked with the establishment of Polish statehood and the Christianization of Poland. The history of the language can then be divided into the following
History of the Polish language
History_of_the_Polish_language
West Slavic language
Polish (endonym: język polski, [ˈjɛ̃zɘ̟k ˈpɔlskʲi] , polszczyzna [pɔlˈʂt͡ʂɘ̟zna] or simply polski, [ˈpɔlskʲi] ) is a West Slavic language of the Lechitic
Polish_language
Early form of the Polish language, spoken between the 10th and 16th centuries
The Old Polish language (Polish: język staropolski, staropolszczyzna) was a period in the history of the Polish language between the 10th and the 16th
Old_Polish
million Americans of Polish descent in the U.S. today. Polish Americans have always been the largest group of Slavic origin in the United States. Historians
History of Poles in the United States
History_of_Poles_in_the_United_States
Deaf sign language of Poland
Polish Sign Language (Polish: Polski język migowy, PJM) is the language of the deaf community in Poland. Polish Sign Language uses a distinctive one-handed
Polish_Sign_Language
delimiters. History of Polish orthography describes the various forms that written Polish has taken since people first began writing the Polish language through
History_of_Polish_orthography
American citizens of Polish descent
Polish Americans (Polish: Polscy Amerykanie) are Americans who are of full or partial Polish origin. Polish settlement in the United States started in
Polish_Americans
at Polish secondary schools and universities, and the opening of Warsaw's Museum of the History of Polish Jews. From the founding of the Kingdom of Poland
History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland
West Slavic ethnic group
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and a nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with
Polish_people
Earlier form of the Polish language spoken between the 16th and 18th centuries
transcription delimiters. Middle Polish (Polish: język średniopolski) is the period in the history of the Polish language between the 16th and 18th centuries.
Middle_Polish
West Slavic ethnolect
Silesian is either a dialect of Polish or a distinct language, and if Silesians are either a regional ethnic group within the Polish nation or a distinct ethnic
Silesian_language
Reference works for the Polish language
The earliest dictionaries of the Polish language were bilingual aids, usually Polish–Latin, and date to the 15th century. The first dictionary dedicated
Dictionaries of the Polish language
Dictionaries_of_the_Polish_language
Polski Ordynaryjny, published in 1661. The Polish language academic journal Yearbook of the History of Polish Press [pl] (Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej)
History_of_Polish_journalism
Regulation of the Polish language
The Council for the Polish Language (Polish: Rada Języka Polskiego) is the official language regulating organ of Polish. It was established by the Presidium
Polish_Language_Council
Aristocratic republic in Europe (1569–1795)
million as of 1618. The official languages of the Commonwealth were Polish and Latin, with Catholicism as the state religion. The Union of Lublin established
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
Ethnic group in Lithuania
Polish identity by reciting prayers, songs, or greetings in Polish. As of 1980, about 20% of Polish Lithuanian students chose Polish as the language of
Poles_in_Lithuania
Conflicts from 1918 to 1958
Because of their archaic Polish basis, the Goral dialects became a popular object of study among linguists dealing with the history of the Polish language. As
Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts
Polish–Czechoslovak_border_conflicts
Polish names have two main elements: the given name, and the surname. The usage of personal names in Poland is generally governed by civil law, church
Polish_name
Semi-autonomous polity within the Russian Empire (1815–1915)
semi-autonomous Polish state, a successor to Napoleon's Duchy of Warsaw. It was established when the French ceded a part of Polish territory to the Russian Empire
Congress_Poland
Sounds and pronunciation of the Polish language
playing the files, see Wikipedia Media help. The phonological system of the Polish language is similar in many ways to those of other Slavic languages, although
Polish_phonology
Polish linguist (1839–1898)
professor of Jagiellonian University, from the 1887 principal Seminar Slavic languages. Malinowski studied the history of the Polish language and etymology
Lucjan_Malinowski
Canadians with Polish ancestry
Polish Canadians (Polish: Polonia w Kanadzie) are citizens of Canada with Polish ancestry, and Poles who immigrated to Canada from abroad. At the 2016
Polish_Canadians
Polish linguist (born 1934)
is a Polish linguist and slavist, specializing in the history of the Polish language in Kresy, a professor of the humanities and a member of the Warsaw
Janusz_Rieger
15th-century, earliest translation of the Bible into Polish
in the history of the Polish language, and the most extensive example of the medieval Old Polish language. The bible was commissioned by Sophia of Halshany
Bible_of_Queen_Sophia
spoken language in England and the third-most spoken in the UK after English and Welsh. About 1% of the UK population speaks Polish (2013). The Polish population
Poles_in_the_United_Kingdom
Overview of dialects of the Polish language
Polish dialects are regional vernacular varieties of the Polish language, and often show developments starting from an earlier stage of the language, often
Dialects_of_Polish
Polish linguist and lexicographer
on the history of the Polish language and culture. He published more than 1,500 titles and discovered the oldest extant prose text in Polish (the Holy Cross
Aleksander_Brückner
1919–1921 conflict between Poland and Russia
The Polish–Soviet War (14 February 1919 – 18 March 1921) was fought primarily between the Second Polish Republic and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist
Polish–Soviet_War
article covers the history of Polish Intelligence services dating back to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Though the first official Polish government
History of Polish intelligence services
History_of_Polish_intelligence_services
Adoption or imposition of Polish culture
Samogitian: puoluonėzacėjė) is the acquisition or imposition of elements of Polish culture, in particular the Polish language. This happened in some historic
Polonisation
1648–1666 invasions of Poland–Lithuania
The Deluge was a series of mid-17th-century military campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In a stricter sense, the term refers to the Swedish
Deluge_(history)
Historic museum in Warsaw
of the History of Polish Jews (Polish: Muzeum Historii Żydów Polskich) is a museum dedicated to preserving and recalling the memory of the history of
POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews
POLIN_Museum_of_the_History_of_Polish_Jews
The history of cinema in Poland is almost as long as the history of cinematography, and it has universally recognized achievements, even though Polish
Cinema_of_Poland
language. The East Slavic variety of the language (rus'ka mova, Old Belarusian or West Russian Chancellery language), gradually influenced by Polish,
History_of_Belarus
Ethnic group in Ukraine
first language. The history of Polish settlement in the current territory of Ukraine dates back to 1030–31. In the Late Middle Ages, following the extinction
Poles_in_Ukraine
The Polish Army (Polish: Wojsko Polskie) is the name applied to the military forces of Poland. The name has been in use since the early 19th century,
History_of_the_Polish_Army
reintroduced powiats. The boundaries of the voivodeships do not always reflect the historical borders of Polish regions. Around half of the Silesian Voivodeship
Administrative divisions of Poland
Administrative_divisions_of_Poland
West Slavic language
Kashubian at home. It is the only remnant of the Pomeranian language. It is close to standard Polish with influence from Low German and the extinct Polabian (West
Kashubian_language
Academic journal, founded 1956, covering Polish topics
The Polish Review is an English-language academic journal published quarterly in New York City by the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences of America
The_Polish_Review
The earliest Bible translations into Polish date to the 13th century. The first full ones were completed in the 16th. The history of translation of books
Bible translations into Polish
Bible_translations_into_Polish
Aspect of Jewish history
Following the establishment of the Second Polish Republic after World War I and during the interwar period, the number of Jews in the country grew rapidly
History of the Jews in 20th-century Poland
History_of_the_Jews_in_20th-century_Poland
The history of philosophy in Poland parallels the evolution of philosophy in Europe in general. Polish philosophy drew upon the broader currents of European
History of philosophy in Poland
History_of_philosophy_in_Poland
Country in Central Europe
the latter a state-run channel dedicated to the transmission of Polish-language telecasts for the Polish diaspora. In 2020, the most popular types of
Poland
2023, Polish Americans are most heavily concentrated in the Upper Midwest and Northeast regions of the United States. As the second most Polish populated
History of Polish Americans in Metro Detroit
History_of_Polish_Americans_in_Metro_Detroit
timeline of Polish history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Poland and its predecessor states. To read about the background
Timeline_of_Polish_history
18th-century forced partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place between 1772 and 1795, toward the end of the 18th
Partitions_of_Poland
History museum in Warsaw, Poland
The Museum of Polish History or the Polish History Museum (Polish: Muzeum Historii Polski) is a museum and national cultural institute in Warsaw, Poland
Museum_of_Polish_History
Chronological list of authors who wrote in the Polish language
list of Polish-language authors, including novelists, poets, playwrights, philosophers, historians, essayists, and other writers associated with Polish literature
List of Polish-language authors
List_of_Polish-language_authors
Study of Polish language and literature
the Polish language and Polish literature in both historic and present-day forms. The history of Polish studies dates back to the 16th century. The first
Polish_studies
Shared identity in Eastern Europe
The Polish–Lithuanian identity describes individuals and groups with histories in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or with close connections to its culture
Polish–Lithuanian_identity
East Slavic language
where it became an official language, before a process of Polonization began in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. By the 18th century, Ruthenian diverged
Ukrainian_language
Polish state from 1918 to 1939
The Second Polish Republic, officially known at the time as the Republic of Poland, was the Polish state that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October
Second_Polish_Republic
Letter of the Latin alphabet
(minuscule: ł), known as L with stroke, is a Latin-script letter. It is used in the Polish, Kashubian, Sorbian, Silesian, Belarusian Latin, Ukrainian Latin, Kurdish
Ł
The history of Poland from 1945 to 1989 spans the period of Marxist–Leninist regime in Poland after the end of World War II. These years, while featuring
History_of_Poland_(1945–1989)
The history of interwar Poland comprises the period from the revival of the independent Polish state in 1918, until the Invasion of Poland from the West
History_of_Poland_(1918–1939)
between Casimir III the Great of Poland, and Liubartas of Lithuania. Following the extinction of the Rurikid dynasty in 1323, the Polish Kingdom extended
History of the Ukrainian minority in Poland
History_of_the_Ukrainian_minority_in_Poland
Currency of Poland
derived from the noun "złoto", which in the Polish language denotes gold. A literal translation of the currency's name would be "golden" or "the golden one"
Polish_złoty
The history of Poles in Königsberg (Polish: Królewiec) goes back to the 14th century. In the struggles between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order
History of Poles in Königsberg
History_of_Poles_in_Königsberg
The history of the Bulgarian language can be divided into three major periods: Old Bulgarian (from the late 9th until the 11th century); Middle Bulgarian
History of the Bulgarian language
History_of_the_Bulgarian_language
Aspect of the West Slavic language
The Czech language developed at the close of the 1st millennium from common West Slavic. Until the early 20th century, it was known as Bohemian. Among
History_of_the_Czech_language
The Slovak language is a West Slavic language. Historically, it forms a dialect continuum with Czech. The written standard is based on the work of Ľudovít
History of the Slovak language
History_of_the_Slovak_language
Place in Lublin Voivodeship, Poland
Szczebrzeszyn is often called the "Capital City of Polish Language". Szczebrzeszyn's history can be traced back to 1352, during the reign of Casimir III, although
Szczebrzeszyn
Polish-language edition of Wikipedia
The Polish Wikipedia (Polish: Wikipedia polskojęzyczna) is the Polish-language edition of Wikipedia, a free online encyclopedia. Founded on 26 September
Polish_Wikipedia
People of Polish heritage who live outside Poland
known in modern Polish as Polonia, the name for Poland in Latin and many Romance languages. There are roughly 85,500,000 people of Polish ancestry living
Polish_diaspora
Uralic language of the Ugric group. It has been spoken in the region of modern-day Hungary since the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin in the late
History of the Hungarian language
History_of_the_Hungarian_language
The history of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764) covers a period in the history of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1648–1764)
History_of_the_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth_(1648–1764)
Culinary traditions of Poland
Polish cuisine (Polish: kuchnia polska, pronounced [ˈkux.ɲa ˈpɔl.ska]) is a style of food preparation from Poland. Cooking in Polish fashion is denoted
Polish_cuisine
West Slavic ethnic group
They speak the Kashubian language, which is classified as a separate language closely related to Polish. The Kashubs are closely related to the Poles and
Kashubians
The history of Poles in Baltimore dates back to the late 19th century. The Polish community is largely centered in the neighborhoods of Canton, Fell's
History_of_Poles_in_Baltimore
Invasion at the beginning of World War II
The invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint
Invasion_of_Poland
German political party (1871–1919)
The Polish Party (German: Polnische Partei) was a political party in the German Empire and the Free City of Danzig. Representing the Polish population
Polish_Party
Political party in Poland
The Confederation of the Polish Crown (Polish: Konfederacja Korony Polskiej, KKP), often shortened to The Crown (Korona), is a far-right political party
Confederation of the Polish Crown
Confederation_of_the_Polish_Crown
Concept in linguistics
third language that is distinct from both of the speakers' native languages. Lingua francas have developed around the world throughout human history, sometimes
Lingua_franca
Minority of Polish ancestry in the Caribbean island of Haiti
Polish Haitians are Haitian people of Polish descent, dating to the early 19th century; a few may be Poles of more recent native birth that have gained
Polish_Haitians
Ethnic group in Belarus
decades of indoctrination, went down in history. Poles in Belarus began re-establishing the Polish language schools and their legal right of participating
Poles_in_Belarus
Community library in Washington DC
cultural events promoting Polish language, literature, history, and culture in the Washington metropolitan area. By 2018, the library's holdings had grown
Polish Library in Washington, D.C.
Polish_Library_in_Washington,_D.C.
Historic German city, now Kaliningrad, Russia
Böhlau. pp. 157–167, esp. p. 158. Zieniukowa, J. (2007). "On the History of Polish Language in Königsberg". Acta Baltico-Slavica. Archeologia, Historia
Königsberg
recognized as a dialect of Polish and borrows heavily from the Polish, Lithuanian and Belarusian languages. According to Polish professor Jan Otrębski's
Demographic history of the Vilnius region
Demographic_history_of_the_Vilnius_region
Former union of European states
The Polish–Lithuanian union was a relationship created by a series of acts and alliances between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy
Polish–Lithuanian_union
Historical changes of the Russian language
to the present) The history of the Russian language is also divided into Old Russian from the 11th to 17th centuries, followed by Modern Russian. The common
History of the Russian language
History_of_the_Russian_language
time, the Polish state was partitioned. The first decades of Polish football are therefore connected with the history of Football in Austria and the Austrian
Football_in_Poland
Manually coded form of Polish
Sign Language System, also known as Signed Language or Signed Polish, is a manually coded form of Polish that uses the signs of Polish Sign Language. It
Sign_Language_System
Mathematics notation with operators preceding operands
number of operands. The description "Polish" refers to the nationality of logician Jan Łukasiewicz, who invented Polish notation in 1924. Sometimes the term
Polish_notation
Writing system of the Polish language
delimiters. Polish orthography is the system of writing the Polish language. The language is written using the Polish alphabet, which derives from the Latin
Polish_orthography
The History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795) is concerned with the final decades of existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The
History of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1764–1795)
History_of_the_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth_(1764–1795)
The evolution of languages or history of language includes the evolution, divergence and development of languages throughout time, as reconstructed based
Evolution_of_languages
Polish-related residents in Brazil
Polish Brazilians (Portuguese: polono-brasileiros, Polish: Polonia brazylijska) refers to Brazilians of full or partial Polish ancestry who are aware of
Polish_Brazilians
1831 rebel government
Polish National Government of 1831 was a Polish supreme authority during the November Uprising against the Partitions of Poland that dissolved the Polish–Lithuanian
Polish National Government (November Uprising)
Polish_National_Government_(November_Uprising)
Former currency of Poland
The marka (alternatively mark; Polish: marka polska, abbreviated Mp, Polish-language plural declensions: marki, marek) was the temporary currency of the
Polish_marka
until the introduction of Polish as the chancellery language of the Lithuanian–Polish Commonwealth in 1697; however there are also examples of documents
Demographics_of_Lithuania
Overview of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's military
The military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth consisted of two separate armies of the Kingdom of Poland's Crown Army and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania's
Military of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Military_of_the_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth
bibliography of English language books (including translations) and journal articles about the history of Poland. A brief selection of English translations of primary
Bibliography of the history of Poland
Bibliography_of_the_history_of_Poland
Americans of Polish heritage live in Chicago, Illinois. They are a part of worldwide Polonia, the Polish term for the Polish Diaspora outside of Poland.
Poles_in_Chicago
Type of feudal large-scale farm
Folwark is a Polish word derived from the German Vorwerk. A Polish: folwark or Vorwerk is an agricultural estate or a separate branch operation of such an
Folwark
War between Russia and Poland-Lithuania Commonwealth
The Polish–Russian War was a conflict fought between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia from 1609 to 1618. Russia had been experiencing
Polish–Russian War (1609–1618)
Polish–Russian_War_(1609–1618)
West Germanic language spoken in Wilamowice, Poland
społeczeństwo miasta i gminy [Wilamowice: nature, history, language, culture and society of the town and commune] (in Polish). Wilamowice: Urząd Gminy. ISBN 9788391588802
Wymysorys
Subfamily of Indo-European languages
The Slavic languages, also known as the Slavonic languages, are Indo-European languages spoken primarily by the Slavic peoples and their descendants.
Slavic_languages
The Institute for the History of Science was established in 1954 as an institution of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Poland. The Institute is located
Institute for the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Institute_for_the_History_of_Science_of_the_Polish_Academy_of_Sciences
Polish poet and artist (1877–1937)
was a Polish poet, artist, and member of the Polish Academy of Literature, one of the first poets to introduce Symbolism and Expressionism to Polish verse
Bolesław_Leśmian
Independent Old Catholic denomination
had no Polish bishops and few Polish priests, and would not allow the Polish language to be taught in parish schools. The mainly ethnic Irish and German
Polish National Catholic Church
Polish_National_Catholic_Church
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HISTORY OF-THE-POLISH-LANGUAGE
HISTORY OF-THE-POLISH-LANGUAGE
HISTORY OF-THE-POLISH-LANGUAGE
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