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Conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles
A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact (the
Granular_material
Volume change of a granular material under shearing
mechanics, dilatancy or shear dilatancy is the volume change observed in granular materials when they are subjected to shear deformations. This effect was first
Dilatancy_(granular_material)
Movement in granular material
phenomenon occurs? More unsolved problems in physics Granular convection is a phenomenon where granular material subjected to shaking or vibration will exhibit
Granular_convection
Steepest angle at which granular materials can be piled before slumping
angle of repose, of a granular material is the steepest angle of descent or dip relative to the horizontal plane on which the material can be piled without
Angle_of_repose
Cereal, seed, vegetable or root ground into powder
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Flour
Colloid consisting of granular material and water
Quicksand, also known as sinking sand, is a colloid consisting of fine granular material (such as sand, silt or clay) and water. It forms in saturated loose
Quicksand
Dry, bulk solid composed of fine, free-flowing particles
sub-class of granular materials, although the terms powder and granular are sometimes used to distinguish separate classes of material. In particular
Powder
study of the physics of granular materials, a force chain consists of a set of particles within a compressed granular material that are held together and
Force_chain
Diameter of individual grains of sediment, or of lithified particles in clastic rocks
particles in clastic rocks. The term may also be applied to other granular materials. This is different from the crystallite size, which refers to the
Grain_size
Parameter (and formula) to describe stability of grains in flowing water
for the stability calculation of granular material (sand, gravel) in running water. The stability of granular material in flow can be determined by the
Shields_formula
Condition of granules or grains
Granularity (also called graininess) is the degree to which a material or system is composed of distinguishable pieces, "granules" or "grains" (metaphorically)
Granularity
Granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles
Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is usually defined by its grain size. Sand
Sand
Mechanism by which materials form into and are attracted to magnets
significant magnetic coercivity, allowing the material to form a permanent magnet. Ferromagnetic materials are noticeably attracted to a magnet, which is
Ferromagnetism
applied to solid metallic materials under cyclic repeated loading or to granular materials under cyclic loading (such case can occur in road pavements under
Shakedown (continuum mechanics)
Shakedown_(continuum_mechanics)
Model of the rheology of a granular flow
In granular mechanics, the μ ( I ) {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\mu (I)}}} rheology is a rheological model for granular flows, describing the evolution
Μ(I)_rheology
Measure of flowability of a powder or granular material
is a number that is correlated to the flowability of a powder or granular material. It is named after the engineer Henry H. Hausner (1900–1995). The
Hausner_ratio
Tool used in construction for flattening
device used to compact or flatten an aggregate or another powdered or granular material, typically to make it resistant to further compression or simply to
Tamper_(tool)
Indoor pet faeces and urine collection box
inches (5 cm) or less of cat litter. Litter box filler is a loose, granular material that absorbs moisture and odors such as ammonia. Some litter brands
Litter_box
Magnetic property of ordinary materials
the free dictionary. Diamagnetism is a form of magnetic response in materials that describes the property being repelled by an applied magnetic field;
Diamagnetism
Subfield of condensed matter physics
materials include liquids, colloids, polymers, foams, gels, granular materials, liquid crystals, flesh, and a number of biomaterials. These materials
Soft_matter
Form of petroleum primarily used in road construction
the oil and gas industry. Selenizza is available in powder or in granular material of various particle sizes and is packaged in sacks or in thermal fusible
Bitumen
Conversion of a granular material from a solid-like to liquid-like state
(or fluidisation) is a process similar to liquefaction whereby a granular material is converted from a static solid-like state to a dynamic fluid-like
Fluidization
Forming grains or granules from a powdery or solid substance
grains or granules from a powdery or solid substance, producing a granular material. It is applied in several technological processes in the chemical
Granulation
Notion for comparing dimensions of particles in different states of matter
in colloids, in ecology, in granular material (whether airborne or not), and to particles that form a granular material (see also grain size). There
Particle_size
Function representing relative sizes of particles in a system
granulometry, the particle-size distribution (PSD) of a powder, or granular material, or particles dispersed in fluid, is a list of values or a mathematical
Particle-size_distribution
Classification of soil or sediment
Silt is granular material of a size between sand and clay and composed mostly of broken grains of quartz. Silt may occur as a soil (often mixed with sand
Silt
Physical process
physical process by which the viscosity of some mesoscopic materials, such as granular materials, glasses, foams, polymers, emulsions, and other complex
Jamming_(physics)
Chemical compound
Bone char (Latin: carbo animalis) is a porous, black, granular material produced by charring animal bones. Its composition varies depending on how it
Bone_char
Small localized object
atoms and molecules, to macroscopic particles like powders and other granular materials. Particles can also be used to create scientific models of large objects
Particle
Weak, attractive magnetism possessed by most elements and some compounds
Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby some materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic
Paramagnetism
Device to measure the passage of time
actually did use silica sand as the granular material to measure time, many did not use sand at all. The material used in most bulbs was "powdered marble
Hourglass
Fluid flow that occurs due to heterogeneous fluid properties and body forces
significant diffusion of matter can take place. Granular convection is a similar phenomenon in granular material instead of fluids. Advection is the transport
Convection
which quantifies the significance of dynamic effects on the flow of a granular material. It measures the ratio of inertial forces of grains to imposed forces:
Inertial_number
Granular material interaction simulation technique
method (XDEM) is a numerical technique that extends the dynamics of granular material or particles as described through the classical discrete element method
Extended discrete element method
Extended_discrete_element_method
turbulent flow (in particular, its internal structures)? Granular convection: why does a granular material subjected to shaking or vibration exhibit circulation
List of unsolved problems in physics
List_of_unsolved_problems_in_physics
Measurement of particle size
size often used in determining the particle-size distribution of a granular material. For example, a sample from a truckload of peanuts may be placed atop
Mesh_(scale)
Formation of ripples in gravel and dirt roads
the surface of gravel and dirt roads. Washboarding occurs in dry, granular road material with repeated traffic, traveling at speeds above 8.0 kilometres
Washboarding
Topics referred to by the same term
the free dictionary. Sands may refer to: Multiple types of sand, granular material. Sands or The Sands may also refer to: Sands, Michigan, an unincorporated
Sands
Charge transfer due to contact or sliding
There is evidence that triboelectric charging during collisions of granular material plays a key role in overcoming barriers to aggregation. Single-use
Triboelectric_effect
British physicist (born 1961)
crystals, and granular material. A recurring goal of his research is to create a mathematical model that predicts the stress in a flowing material as a functional
Michael_Cates
Class of aromatic substances used in perfumes
drying, the reddish-brown paste inside the musk pod turns into a black granular material called "musk grain", which is then tinctured with alcohol. The aroma
Musk
Removal of water from an area of land
would be laid along a trench which would then be filled with coarse granular material: gravel, sea shells, stone or rock. The geotextile is then folded
Drainage
Artificial wall used for supporting soil between two different elevations
up log cabin style from precast concrete or timber and filled with granular material). Cantilevered retaining walls are made from an internal stem of steel-reinforced
Retaining_wall
Quantity of a three-dimensional space
measuring small volume of fluids or granular materials, by using a multiple or fraction of the container. For granular materials, the container is shaken or leveled
Volume
Natural submerged sandbank that rises from a body of water to near the surface
stream, river, or ocean current promotes deposition of sediment and granular material, resulting in localized shallowing (shoaling) of the water. Marine
Shoal
Family of insects
soil, sand being a common choice. Antlions can also handle larger granular material which is filtered out of the soil during construction. The larvae
Antlion
Spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons
are abnormal neuronal processes in diseased neurons; they contain granular material and abnormal α-synuclein filaments similar to those found in Lewy
Lewy_body
Chemical reactor
type of reactor, a fluid (gas or liquid) is passed through a solid granular material (usually a catalyst) at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and
Fluidized_bed_reactor
Layer of a paved road
the subgrade. The materials used may be either unbound granular, or cement-bound. Subbase is often abberevated as the GSB (Granular Sub-Base). The quality
Subbase_(pavement)
Motion of multibody systems
Time-stepping methods are especially well suited for the simulation of granular materials. Figure 4 depicts the simulation of mixing 1000 disks. Consider two
Contact_dynamics
Topics referred to by the same term
person's daily life Quicksand, a colloid hydrogel consisting of fine granular material and water Quality start, a baseball statistic calculated for starting
QS
Enclosure or protection of products for distribution, storage, and sale
physical handling than 1000 single marbles. Liquids, powders, and granular materials need containment. Information transmission – Packages and labels communicate
Packaging
Materials used to simulate geological processes
fluids. Composite materials combine phases with different physical properties. A common composite mixture contains dry granular materials and fluids. These
Rock analogs for structural geology
Rock_analogs_for_structural_geology
Stability of soil or rock slopes
shear strength of geologic materials, which is relevant in construction and engineering contexts. For granular materials, the size and shape of grains
Slope_stability
Procedure to assess particle size distribution
granular material by allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves of progressively smaller mesh size and weighing the amount of material that
Sieve_analysis
Layer of loose, superficial deposits covering solid rock
Sand – Granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles Saprolite – Chemically weathered rock Soil – Earth, a natural material "regolith"
Regolith
Topics referred to by the same term
base piece Film granularity Granularity Granularity (parallel computing) Granular cheese Granular convection Granular material Granular synthesis of sound
Granulation_(disambiguation)
Photographic measurement of the distribution of grain sizes in a material
granulometry is the process of measuring the different grain sizes in a granular material, based on a photograph. Technology has been created to analyze a photograph
Optical_granulometry
Tool used to trim the edges of a lawn
surface feature such as a paved, concreted or asphalted area, or a granular material such as sand or gravel, or simply uncovered soil, for example an unbounded
Edger
Fresh water mixed with chemicals used as fracking fluid
and preferred to carry more easily and deeply in the fractures the granular material used as proppant to maintain the fractures open after the fluid injection
Slickwater
Scientific subjects
thermodynamic state, thermodynamic system, viscosity, volume, work, granular material Quantum mechanics path integral formulation, scattering theory, Schrödinger
Branches_of_physics
Topics referred to by the same term
cylindrical or conical open-top container for transporting liquid or granular material. Bucket may also refer to: Charles Goldenberg (1911–1986), American
Bucket_(disambiguation)
Process that separates solids from fluids
filter, cross-flow filters, screen filter). Depth filters, beds of granular material which retain the solid particles as they pass (e.g. sand filter).
Filtration
focuses on complex everyday physics such as "the anomalous flow of granular material, the long messy tendrils left by honey spooned from one dish to another
Sidney_R._Nagel
Rock fragments weathered from larger mass
close to the angle of repose. This is the slope at which a pile of granular material becomes mechanically unstable. However, careful examination of scree
Scree
Sound synthesis method involving samples shorter than 0.1 seconds
Granular synthesis is a sound synthesis method that operates on the microsound time scale. It is based on the same principle as sampling. However, the
Granular_synthesis
waves are known as roll waves. A similar instability has been observed in granular flow, and this instability can be predicted using the Saint-Venant equations
Kapitza_instability
Mountain in British Columbia, Canada
sent granular material into the former ocean, it was deposited yearly to eventually form layers of sedimentary material. Once the sedimentary material was
Whistler_Mountain
Force resisting sliding motion
many numerical simulation applications such as multibody systems and granular material. Even its most simple expression encapsulates the fundamental effects
Friction
Odoriferous defensive structure
apical plasma membrane bears long microvilli extending into a mass of granular material containing electron-lucid cavities. Tangential slits occur in the
Osmeterium
Conjectural soil type probably not found in nature
did not encounter dry quicksand. Fech fech Fluidization Dilatancy (granular material) Kekexili: Mountain Patrol (film that features dry quicksand) Asian
Dry_quicksand
Extraterrestrial Plateau
Mars Exploration Rovers, since 2006. The rover became stuck in loose granular material alongside the northeast side of the plateau. The rover last communicated
Home_Plate_(Mars)
Numerical technique to simulate behavior of continuous substances
simulate granular flow, quickness test of sensitive clays, landslides, silo discharge, pile driving, fall-cone test, bucket filling, and material failure;
Material_point_method
In materials science, fragile matter is a granular material that is jammed solid. Everyday examples include beans getting stuck in a hopper in a whole
Fragile_matter
Regular pattern of magnetic moment ordering
individual magnetic dipoles are oriented in a way such that the bulk of the material has a vanishing total magnetization. In the simplest model, as shown in
Antiferromagnetism
Device to move liquid or granular materials
blade, called a "flighting", usually within a tube, to move liquid or granular materials. They are used in many bulk handling industries. Screw conveyors in
Screw_conveyor
Cellular confinement system
on-site to form a 3D honeycomb matrix, which is then filled with granular material. The 3D confinement system is used to stabilize soft subgrade soil
Neoloy_Geocell
Behavior of soil under varying stresses
under different stresses. The basic concept is that soil and other granular materials, if continuously distorted until they flow as a frictional fluid,
Critical_state_soil_mechanics
Stress test with different levels of stress in each perpendicular direction
other granular materials or powders. There are several variations on the test. In a triaxial shear test, stress is applied to a sample of the material being
Triaxial_shear_test
Water filtration technique based on slow sand filters
research establishes that contact time between the water and the granular material is the leading determinant in purifying water. The CAWST Version 10
Biosand_filter
Enrichment of atoms, ions, and molecules
distinct from other types of materials phenomena that are often called segregation, such as particle segregation in granular materials, and phase separation
Segregation (materials science)
Segregation_(materials_science)
Sudden movement of the Earth's crust
liquefaction occurs when, because of the shaking, water-saturated granular material (such as sand) temporarily loses its strength and transforms from
Earthquake
American physicist
She is interested in how materials compress, stretch and bend when a force is applied. She specializes in granular materials and their force chains, and
Karen_E._Daniels
Topics referred to by the same term
Systems (geocells), a honeycombed geosythethetic matrix filled with granular material Chinese Chemical Society (Taipei), a scholarly organization Chinese
CCS
Optical texture of processed photographic film
Film grain or film granularity is the random optical texture of processed photographic film. Film grain develops due to the presence of small particles
Film_grain
Enid and Nate Ancell Professor of Physics at Brandeis University
condensed matter theory studying systems far from equilibrium, such as granular materials, amorphous systems, and statistical physics. She was elected as a
Bulbul_Chakraborty
Capacity of a material to conduct heat
{\displaystyle d} is the typical gap size of the space filled by the gas. In a granular material d {\displaystyle d} corresponds to the characteristic size of the
Thermal conductivity and resistivity
Thermal_conductivity_and_resistivity
Group of natural pigments found in most organisms
L-leucodopachrome L-dopachrome Melanin is brown, non-refractile, and finely granular, with individual granules having a diameter of less than 800 nanometers
Melanin
American scientist and entrepreneur
criticism. As a teenager, Wissner-Gross researched the physics of granular materials such as sand, exploring whether similar principles could be applied
Alexander_Wissner-Gross
Maintaining a desired system temperature
exchanger, heat exchanger transferring heat between a fluid and a solid granular material using continuous downward flow past a surface Spacecraft thermal control
Temperature_control
British neurobiologist
maintained that up to 90 percent of the brain is made up of "a fine, granular material that is virtually liquid," and that the brain only has two cell types
Harold_Hillman
State of matter
condensed matter physics, a supersolid is a spatially ordered (i.e. solid) material with superfluid properties. In the case of helium-4, it has been conjectured
Supersolid
until the angle of repose is reached. At this point, the crest of granular material has grown too large and will be overcome by the force of the depositing
Herringbone cross-stratification
Herringbone_cross-stratification
Equation of statistical mechanics
(2007). "Microscopic Foundations of the Mechanics of Gases and Granular Materials". Material Substructures in Complex Bodies. pp. 63–79. doi:10
Boltzmann_equation
Tool for separation of solid materials by particle size
assess the particle size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material. Sieve sizes used in combinations of four to eight sieves. In iconography
Sieve
Artificial gravel of angular shape, used as construction aggregate
rock. Granular A, Granular B, and Granular C, all represent crushed rock mixed with sand in which Granular A has the least sand, and Granular B has the
Crushed_stone
American-Canadian geologist, volcanologist, and engineer (1924–2014)
sent granular material into the former ocean, it was deposited yearly to eventually form layers of sedimentary material. Once the sedimentary material was
Jack_Souther
Fluid which flows without losing kinetic energy
Polariton Polaron Magnon Roton Soft matter Amorphous solid Colloid Granular material Liquid crystal Polymer Scientists Van der Waals Onnes von Laue Bragg
Superfluidity
Classification systems for mass movement of rock and regolith
granular material such as a soil can induce a process termed liquefaction, in which the shaking causes a reduction in the pore space of the material.
Landslide_classification
Numerical method
method of addressing engineering problems in granular and discontinuous materials, especially in granular flows, powder mechanics, ice and rock mechanics
Discrete_element_method
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