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Mechanical linkage consisting of four links connected by joints in a loop
mechanisms, a four-bar linkage, also called a four-bar, is the simplest closed-chain movable linkage. It consists of four bodies, called bars or links, connected
Four-bar_linkage
Assembly of systems connected to manage forces and movement
point with a four-bar linkage. Hoekens linkage, which provides nearly straight motion of a point with a four-bar linkage. Sarrus linkage, which provides
Linkage_(mechanical)
1-DoF mechanism with 6 links and 7 joints
a six-bar linkage is a mechanism with one degree of freedom that is constructed from six links and seven joints. An example is the Klann linkage used to
Six-bar_linkage
Linkages of different dimensions with the same output motion
revolute (hinge) joints, there exist three four-bar linkages, three geared five-bar linkages, and more six-bar linkages which will generate the same path. For
Cognate_linkage
Four-bar straight-line mechanism
In kinematics, Chebyshev's linkage is a four-bar linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate linear motion. It was invented by the 19th-century
Chebyshev_linkage
Four-bar straight-line mechanism
Hoecken linkage (named for Karl Hoecken) is a four-bar linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate straight-line motion. The Hoecken linkage is
Hoecken_linkage
Four-bar straight-line mechanism
is an imaginary fixed-length bar connecting the outer endpoints. Thus, Watt's linkage is an example of a four-bar linkage. Its genesis is contained in
Watt's_linkage
2-DoF mechanism with 5 links and 5 joints
In kinematics, a five-bar linkage is a mechanism with two degrees of freedom that is constructed from five links that are connected together in a closed
Five-bar_linkage
Powered mechanical device
useful example is the planar four-bar linkage. However, there are many more special linkages: Watt's linkage is a four-bar linkage that generates an approximate
Machine
Four-bar straight-line mechanism
In kinematics, the Chebyshev Lambda Linkage is a four-bar linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate straight-line motion with approximate
Chebyshev_lambda_linkage
Linkage generating approximate straight line motion
A Roberts linkage is a four-bar linkage which converts a rotational motion to approximate straight-line motion. The linkage was developed by Richard Roberts
Roberts_linkage
Six-bar straight-line mechanism
In kinematics, the parallel motion linkage is a six-bar mechanical linkage invented by the Scottish engineer James Watt in 1784 for the double-acting
Parallel_motion_linkage
Mechanisms generating real or approximate straight line motion
motion using a four-bar linkage, without using a prismatic joint. Watt's linkage (1784) Watt's parallel motion (1784) Evans "Grasshopper" linkage (1801) Chebyshev
Straight-line_mechanism
Type of rocking chair that moves as a swing seat
attached to the base by means of a double-rocker four-bar linkage. The non-parallel suspension arms of the linkage cause the chair to simulate a rocking-chair
Glider_(furniture)
Device which converts input forces and motion to output forces and motion
useful example is the planar four-bar linkage. There are, however, many more special linkages: Watt's linkage is a four-bar linkage that generates an approximate
Mechanism_(engineering)
1-DoF mechanism made from 8 links and 10 joints
eight-bar linkage is a mechanism with one degree of freedom that is constructed from eight links and ten joints. These linkages are rare compared to four-bar
Eight-bar_linkage
Bicycle part
shell and frame then completes the four-bar linkage with the bottom bracket on the floating link and the linkage as a whole actuated by movement of the
Bicycle_suspension
Polygon with four crossed edges of two lengths
the theory of four-bar linkages, the linkages with the form of an antiparallelogram are also called butterfly linkages or bow-tie linkages, and are used
Antiparallelogram
Object used to achieve a goal
Bearing Ball bearing Belt Chain Lever Catapult Crane Shadoof Linkage Cam Clutch Four-bar linkage Piston Rack and pinion Pendulum Screw Archimedes' screw Propeller
Tool
Element of fish anatomy
buccal cavity. The four-bar linkage is also responsible for protrusion of the premaxilla, leading to three main four-bar linkage systems to generally
Fish_jaw
Geometric technique for designing mechanical linkages
constraints of the linkage directly from the inventor's desired movement for a floating link. From this point of view a four-bar linkage is a floating link
Burmester's_theory
Two tetrahedra crossing each other
theoretical understanding of quantum entanglement, and the design of four-bar linkages and auxetic metamaterials. The stellated octahedron can be constructed
Stellated_octahedron
Measure of a civilization's evolution
that a study was conducted on 3000 sources of the IRAS catalog from the four directions of the sky. Two temperature bands were targeted: from 110 to 120 K
Kardashev_scale
Use of knowledge for practical goals
2022. Narin, Francis; Olivastro, Dominic (June 1992). "Status report: Linkage between technology and science". Research Policy. 21 (3): 237–249. doi:10
Technology
Mechanism for converting rotary motion into linear motion
A slider-crank linkage (also commonly referred to as a crank-slider linkage) is a four-link mechanism with three revolute joints and one prismatic (sliding)
Slider-crank_linkage
Mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force
a helical joint. Two levers, or cranks, are combined into a planar four-bar linkage by attaching a link that connects the output of one crank to the input
Simple_machine
Formula for the mobility of a kinematic chain
four-bar linkage, which is a four-bar loop with four one degree-of-freedom joints and therefore has mobility M = 1. Burmester theory Four-bar linkage
Chebychev–Grübler–Kutzbach criterion
Chebychev–Grübler–Kutzbach_criterion
Most advanced technology available
activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories. In the 21st century, the high tech industry is a significant
High_tech
Variable-ratio transmission system commonly used on bicycles
the four-bar linkage that carries it. This is the most common type of derailleur. Top swing: The derailleur cage is mounted to the top of the four-bar linkage
Derailleur
Programming language environment
and analysis of commonly used mechanisms such as four-bar linkage, five-bar linkage, six-bar linkage, crank-slider mechanism, and cam-follower system
Ch_(computer_programming)
Any ideology based on the premise that advances in technology could bring a utopia
professor of philosophy at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, defines the four principles of modern technological utopians in the late 20th and early 21st
Technological_utopianism
Branch of physics describing the motion of objects without considering forces
linkages assembled from N links and j hinges or sliding joints are: N = 2, j = 1 : a two-bar linkage that is the lever; N = 4, j = 4 : the four-bar linkage;
Kinematics
Six-bar straight-line mechanism
motion or vice versa without reference guideways. It is a spatial six-bar linkage (6R) with two groups of three parallel adjacent joint-axes. Although
Sarrus_linkage
German kinematician and geometer (1840–1927)
motion may be understood in relation to four Burmester points. The Burmester linkage of 1888 is a four bar linkage part of whose coupler curve is an approximately
Ludwig_Burmester
wishbone is replaced by a pair of suspension links forming a trapezoidal four-bar linkage. This allows the kingpin to pivot about a pivot point nearer the center
Dual_pivot_steering_geometry
Mobile equipment that transports people, animals or cargo
chariot, a vehicle with an early form of guidance system. The stagecoach, a four-wheeled vehicle drawn by horses, originated in 13th century England. Railways
Vehicle
Number of independent parameters needed to define the state of a mechanical system
example of a planar simple closed chain is the planar four-bar linkage, which is a four-bar loop with four one degree-of-freedom joints and therefore has mobility M = 1
Degrees of freedom (mechanics)
Degrees_of_freedom_(mechanics)
Watercraft capable of independent underwater operation
which became the basis of modern torpedo computer targeting systems. Seventy-four British submarines were lost, the majority, forty-two, in the Mediterranean
Submarine
Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
ductile form of tungsten. The process required pressing tungsten powder into bars, then several steps of sintering, swaging, and then wire drawing. It was
Incandescent_light_bulb
Mechanical linkage transforming rotary motion into linear
The Peaucellier–Lipkin linkage (or Peaucellier–Lipkin cell, or Peaucellier–Lipkin inversor), invented in 1864, was the first true planar straight-line
Peaucellier–Lipkin_linkage
Implement or device used to inflict damage, harm, or kill
Bearing Ball bearing Belt Chain Lever Catapult Crane Shadoof Linkage Cam Clutch Four-bar linkage Piston Rack and pinion Pendulum Screw Archimedes' screw Propeller
Weapon
Type of chair
furniture Glider (furniture), a chair that rocks via suspension from a four-bar linkage "Rockin' Chair" (song) by Hoagy Carmichael Swing (seat), the rocking
Rocking_chair
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
information. Four common sections are the manufacturer's name or logo, the part number, a part production batch number and serial number, and a four-digit date-code
Integrated_circuit
Material of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids
Bearing Ball bearing Belt Chain Lever Catapult Crane Shadoof Linkage Cam Clutch Four-bar linkage Piston Rack and pinion Pendulum Screw Archimedes' screw Propeller
Plastic
Movement of goods or people between locations
include monorail, maglev, and hyperloop. Dual gauge railways have three or four rails, allowing use by trains with two or three track gauges. For steep grades
Transport
Topics referred to by the same term
controlling the release of beer out of a keg Coupler, the floating link in a four-bar linkage Hydrant coupler, for aircraft fueling equipment Coupling (disambiguation)
Coupler
General term for activities in connection with corporate or governmental innovation
Bearing Ball bearing Belt Chain Lever Catapult Crane Shadoof Linkage Cam Clutch Four-bar linkage Piston Rack and pinion Pendulum Screw Archimedes' screw Propeller
Research_and_development
Predicting the future of technology
original on 2016-07-09. Brock, David C. (2006). Understanding Moore's Law: Four Decades of Innovation. Chemical Heritage Foundation. Goddard, C. (December
Technology_forecasting
Muscles which cross two joints in a series
joint into a four-bar linkage, allowing the contraction of muscles at one joint to move the other by a fixed amount. Unlike four-bar linkages in which all
Biarticular_muscle
Cyclist and bike designer (born 1950)
A-arm suspension design from sports car racing, and was the first four-bar linkage in mountain biking. In 1992, Howie Cohen, who had previously imported
Gary_Fisher
Device for manipulating an end effector
end-effector. The robot can also be seen as a spatial generalisation of a four-bar linkage. The key concept of the delta robot is the use of parallelograms which
Delta_robot
German mechanical engineer (1829–1905)
manufacture of over 300 beautiful models of simple mechanisms, such as the four-bar linkage and the crank. These were sold to universities for pedagogical purposes
Franz_Reuleaux
Hydraulic binder used in the composition of mortar and concrete
(such as Portland cement) are made of a mixture of silicates and oxides, the four main mineral phases of the clinker, abbreviated in the cement chemist notation
Cement
Automotive independent suspension design
suspension can be called a multi-link, or dual-ball joint suspension. The four-bar linkage mechanism formed by the unequal arm lengths causes a change in the
Double_wishbone_suspension
Stationary exercise machine
riders use an arrangement of links known to the kinematics community as four-bar linkage. The pedals are attached to the floating link referred to as the coupler
Elliptical_trainer
Movable bridge type
The movement of the combined beams have the characteristics of a four-bar linkage. The drawback of a traditional double-beam drawbridge is that it has
Double-beam_drawbridge
Mechanical system that walks
coupler curve of a four-bar linkage guides the lower link of an RR serial chain to form a leg mechanism, known as the Klann linkage. U.S. Patent No. 6
Leg_mechanism
Motor vehicle
stiffness measure of 25 hertz, comparable to industry competitors. A four-bar linkage system provided the rigidity and lateral stability necessary to cantilever
Pontiac_G6
Pioneering machine of the Industrial Revolution
the piston, Watt developed his parallel motion. This device used a four bar linkage coupled with a pantograph to produce the required straight line motion
Watt_steam_engine
Moveable linkage with zero mobility
apparent overconstraint. James Watt employed an approximate straight line four-bar linkage to maintain a near rectilinear motion of the piston rod, thus eliminating
Overconstrained_mechanism
Materials with granular size 1 to 100 nm
coupled with nanoindentation. Silicon nanoparticles strength and hardness are four times more than the value of the bulk material. The resistance to pressure
Nanomaterials
American motorcycle racer (1940–2026)
production mountain bike. He also developed the first commercially produced four-bar linkage suspension for mountain bikes and patented the design. During this
Mert_Lawwill
Overview of and topical guide to technology
Bearing Ball bearing Belt Chain Lever Catapult Crane Shadoof Linkage Cam Clutch Four-bar linkage Piston Rack and pinion Pendulum Screw Archimedes' screw Propeller
Outline_of_technology
Point fixed to a body undergoing planar movement
D {\displaystyle \gamma ={\frac {AD}{BD}}} Sketch 1 above shows a four-bar linkage where a number of instant centers of rotation are illustrated. The
Instant_centre_of_rotation
Genus of extinct fishes
near the end of the trunk armor. Dunkleosteus terrelli possessed a four-bar linkage mechanism for jaw opening that incorporated connections between the
Dunkleosteus
Topics referred to by the same term
type of shot in tennis Return stroke in swimming Return stroke of a four-bar linkage Return stroke of a shaper Return stroke of a vacuum engine This disambiguation
Return stroke (disambiguation)
Return_stroke_(disambiguation)
Bridge in Mystic, Connecticut
33 ft-wide (10 m) Main Street (U.S. Route 1). The counterweighted four bar linkage type bascule bridge was designed by former Otis Elevator Company Chief
Mystic_River_Bascule_Bridge
Constraint equations of a mechanical system
equations are used to analyze and design articulated systems ranging from four-bar linkages to serial and parallel robots. Kinematics equations are constraint
Kinematics_equations
Species of mantis shrimp
to create a spring-loaded strike. This strike system consists of a four-bar linkage mechanism and a coupled lever. By storing energy in this spring-like
Lysiosquilla_maculata
Autonomous feeding of animals
to the shoulder girdle. A four-bar linkage at first locks the head in a ventrally bent position by the alignment of two bars. The release of the locking
Aquatic_feeding_mechanisms
Planar mechanism designed to simulate the gait of legged animals
an expansion of Burmester curves which are used to develop four-bar double-rocker linkages such as harbor crane booms. It is categorized as a modified
Klann_linkage
Combustion engine technology
eccentric shaft, and the Scalzo Piston Deactivation Engine, which uses a four-bar linkage, and has the distinction of being able to stop individual pistons entirely
Variable_displacement
Form of vision aid
frame with another pair of lenses (optional), that are connected by four-bar linkage. For example, sun lenses could be easily lifted up and down while mixed
Glasses
Study of postulating possible futures
this may be the increasingly fast pace of change. Oliver Markley proposed four types of wild cards: Type I Wild Card: low probability, high impact, high
Futures_studies
Family of ray-finned fishes
bones, respectively, creating a loop of four rigid bones connected by moving joints. This "four-bar linkage" has the property of allowing numerous arrangements
Wrasse
Main cooling system for the infrared observatory
Front and aft four-bar linkage Aft structure assembly Momentum trim tab (the tab is attached to the aft structure assembly) Aft spreader bars (spreads layers
James Webb Space Telescope sunshield
James_Webb_Space_Telescope_sunshield
Algebraic curve
approximation of a straight line. This is the basis for Watt's linkage. Four-bar linkage Watt's linkage See Catalan and Rutter Encyclopédie des Formes Mathématiques
Watt's_curve
Path traced by the point fixed to a body undergoing planar movement
shown on the right to show the cyan link fixed in place for reference. Four-bar linkage Homer D. Eckhardt Kinematic Design of Machines and Mechanisms, McGraw-Hill
Centrode
Intermittent motion mechanism
is achieved first by choosing a desired coupler curve created by a four-bar linkage. Once a coupler curve is chosen, a circle is fit as closely as possible
Dwell_mechanism
Concept automobile
frame through a four-bar linkage that enables the vehicle to fold up for more compact parking, making possible to stack three or four CityCars in the
CityCar
mechanics Four-bar linkage Kinematics Linkage (mechanical) Machine Outline of machines Overconstrained mechanism Parallel motion Slider-crank linkage Compliant
Deployable_structure
Mathematical model for a mechanical system
Perhaps the most developed formulation of kinematic synthesis is for four-bar linkages, which is known as Burmester theory. Ferdinand Freudenstein is often
Kinematic_chain
parallel to each other and are equal in distance. This type of steering linkage uses four tie rods, one inner and one outer on each side (left and right) that
Parallelogram steering linkage
Parallelogram_steering_linkage
Overview of and topical guide to machines
Epicyclic gearing Four-bar linkage Gear Gear train Geneva drive Kinematic coupling Linkage (mechanical) Mechanism (engineering) Six-bar linkage Sprocket Transmission
Outline_of_machines
American architect (born 1956)
having links and stepped overlapping panels, (2009). Synchronized four-bar linkages, (2010). Panel assemblies having controllable surface properties,
Chuck_Hoberman
Kinematic chain with zero mobility; removal from a mechanism does not change DoF
Baranov trusses are obtained. Kinematics Kinematic chain Kinematic pairs Four-bar linkage Simionescu, P.A. (2014). Computer Aided Graphing and Simulation Tools
Assur_group
Branch of engineering
type of open kinematic chain, while the piston is part of a closed four-bar linkage. Engineers typically use kinematics in the design and analysis of mechanisms
Manufacturing_engineering
Ellipse-drawing mechanism
is immediate as well. The trammel of Archimedes is an example of a four-bar linkage with two sliders and two pivots, and is special case of the more general
Ellipsograph
Species of fish
linkage system from that of the closely related Cheilinus wrasses, such that it is composed of both a four-bar linkage system and a six-bar linkage system
Sling-jaw_wrasse
Suspension design common in space rovers
prototype known as the "Bickler pantograph", which used parallel four-bar linkages to provide high ground clearance and improved obstacle traversal.
Rocker-bogie
Artificial device that replaces a missing body part
Bulletin of Prosthetics Research, vol. 18, pp. 90-158, 1972. M. Greene, "Four bar linkage knee analysis," Prosthetics and Orthotics International, vol. 37, pp
Prosthesis
Facial structure found in birds and various other animal clades
avian jaw apparatus is made up of two units: one four-bar linkage mechanism and one five-bar linkage mechanism. The upper mandible is supported by a three-pronged
Beak
- Electrical unit BUG-6 - Main control unit BK-6 - Switching unit Four-bar linkage drive unit Gun position sensor Weaponry traverse control unit Thermal
PNK-6
Study of the form or morphology of fishes
Especially advanced are the linkage mechanisms of jaw protrusion. For suction feeding a system of connected four-bar linkages is responsible for the coordinated
Fish_anatomy
Bicycle computer aided design software
Rear Suspension Mechanism with Four-bar Linkage". Acta Mechanica Slovaca. 19 (1): 52–59. doi:10.21496/ams.2015.007. "Linkage: Suspension Bike Simulation
RattleCAD
making it a vector quantity. Force density – Forging – Four-bar linkage – Four-stroke cycle – Four wheel drive – Friction – the force resisting the relative
Glossary of mechanical engineering
Glossary_of_mechanical_engineering
Mechanism that provides a perfect straight line motion without sliding guides
with altitude zero. As the underlying antiparallelogram has two four-bar cognate linkages, it is possible to introduce either of them into the mechanism
Quadruplanar_inversor
Mechanism to distribute force evenly through linkages
distribute force evenly through linkages. It is also referred to as an equalizer, leader bar, or double tree. It consists of a bar pivoted at or near the centre
Whippletree_(mechanism)
Polygon whose four sides all touch a circle
diagonals. If a four-bar linkage is made in the form of a tangential quadrilateral, then it will remain tangential no matter how the linkage is flexed, provided
Tangential_quadrilateral
Mechanism that turns linear motion into radial motion
Hoberman linkage, is a deployable mechanism that turns linear motion into radial motion. The Hoberman mechanism is made of two angulated rigid bars connected
Hoberman_mechanism
travel, tourism, insurance
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
Male
Egyptian
, a prophet and priest of Amen-Ra.
Boy/Male
Anglo, British, English, Gaelic
Boar; Place Name; Where Birches Grow; One who Sings Ballads; Earth; Land
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon
Boar.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Princess
Boy/Male
African
Rock.
Male
English
Anglicized form of Greek Bariesou, BAR-JESUS means "son of Jesus." In the New Testament bible, this is the name of a false prophet.
Female
Hebrew
(בָּרָה) Hebrew name BARA means "to choose."
Female
English
English pet form of Greek Barbara, BAB means "foreign; strange."
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and northern Irish
Scottish and northern Irish : habitational name from any of various places in southwestern Scotland, in particular Ayrshire and Renfrewshire, named with Gaelic barr ‘height’, ‘hill’ or a British cognate of this.English : topographic name for someone who lived by a gateway or barrier, from Middle English, Old French barre ‘bar’, ‘obstruction’.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from any of various places in northern France called Barre. See Barre.English : habitational name from any of various places in England called Barr, for example Great Barr in the West Midlands, named with the Celtic element barro ‘height’, ‘hill’.English : from the vocabulary word barr ‘bar’, ‘pole’, either a metonymic occupational name for a maker of bars, or perhaps a nickname for a tall, thin man.Irish : from Ó Bairr, Donegal form of Ó Báire (see Barry 2).
Boy/Male
German, Hebrew
Bear
Male
Yiddish
(בֶּער) Yiddish name derived from German baer, BER means "bear." It is often paired with Dov--for example, Ber Dov, Dovber--which also means "bear" in Hebrew and has been borne by many rabbis and Zionists.
Boy/Male
Bengali, French, Hebrew, Indian
Fair; Red; White
Boy/Male
Scottish
From the water.
Male
Vietnamese
Vietnamese name BAO means "protection."
Boy/Male
Australian, German
Bear; Courageous
Male
English
Short form of English Bartholomew, BART means "son of Talmai."
Boy/Male
Irish English
Bard; travelling musician/singer.
Female
English
English short form of Greek Barbara, BARB means "foreign; strange."
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Light
Boy/Male
African, Arabic, Australian, Lebanese
Light
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
FOUR BAR-LINKAGE
travel, tourism, insurance