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Long flexible batten used to produce a fair curve through a set of points
A spline consists of a long strip fixed in position at a number of points whose tension creates a smooth curve passing through those points, for the purpose
Flat_spline
Topics referred to by the same term
mating feature for rotating elements Flat spline, a device to draw curves Spline drive, a type of screw drive Spline cord, a type of thin rubber cord used
Spline
Method of representing curves and surfaces in computer graphics
Non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) is a mathematical model using basis splines (B-splines) that is commonly used in computer graphics for representing
Non-uniform_rational_B-spline
Mathematical function defined piecewise by polynomials
In mathematics, a spline is a function defined piecewise by polynomials. In interpolating problems, spline interpolation is often preferred to polynomial
Spline_(mathematics)
Template made from metal, wood or plastic composed of segments of smooth curves
using French curves to draw neckline, sleeve, bust and waist variations. Flat spline – Long flexible batten used to produce a fair curve through a set of
French_curve
screw drive, also known as RIBE, is spline-shaped with rounded ends in the fastener head. The tool has six flat teeth at equal spacing; the sizes are
List_of_screw_drives
Instrument used to measure distances
flexible device that can be bent to the desired shape is known as a flat spline, or (in its more modern incarnation) a flexible curve. Historically,
Ruler
Variant of cubic interpolation that preserves monotonicity
using cubic Hermite spline with the tangents m i {\displaystyle m_{i}} modified to ensure the monotonicity of the resulting Hermite spline. An algorithm is
Monotone_cubic_interpolation
Flexible strip of lead for use in molding
(section 15) of his Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine (1845). Flat spline – Long flexible batten used to produce a fair curve through a set of
Lesbian_rule
Topics referred to by the same term
predicted value of a fixed income security for different durations Curvature Flat spline, a very flexible rule used to draw curves The Curve (disambiguation)
Curve_(disambiguation)
Mechanical bearing designed to provide free motion in one direction
basic geometry is the same regardless of how they are mounted. Ball splines (ball spline bearings) are a special type of linear motion bearing that are used
Linear-motion_bearing
Function used in signal processing
sample the appropriate normalized B-spline basis functions instead of convolving discrete-time windows. A kth-order B-spline basis function is a piece-wise
Window_function
Curve used in computer graphics and related fields
computer fonts and animation. Bézier curves can be combined to form a Bézier spline, or generalized to higher dimensions to form Bézier surfaces. The Bézier
Bézier_curve
Tools and instruments used for accurate and precise manual drafting
drawing smooth curves in manual drafting are the use of French curves and flat splines (flexible curves). A French curve is a drawing aid with many different
Technical_drawing_tool
Bicycle component
Truvativ's PowerSpline interface. It is a 12-spline spindle proprietary to Truvativ offered as a lower cost alternative to other spline designs. It is
Bottom_bracket
Woodworking angled joint
variations of a splined miter joint, one where the spline is long and runs the length of the mating surfaces and another where the spline is perpendicular
Miter_joint
Motor vehicle
used with 2.5 L I4 only, 21 spline output 1984–1987: Aisin-Warner AX4 four-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 only, 21 spline output 1984: Borg-Warner T-5
Jeep_Cherokee_(XJ)
Process used to cut teeth into gears
process for gear cutting, cutting splines, and cutting sprockets using a specialized milling machine. The teeth or splines of the gear are progressively cut
Hobbing
Methods for transmitting power from a source to an application
such as an attached implement or separate machine. Most commonly, it is a splined drive shaft installed on a tractor or truck allowing implements with mating
Power_take-off
smallest weighted volume of this third space. In this way, spheres with many splines that contain increasingly small amounts of volume converge "SWIF-ly" to
Intrinsic_flat_distance
Species of mathematical spline
Bézier surfaces are a type of mathematical spline used in computer graphics, computer-aided design, and finite element modeling. As with Bézier curves
Bézier_surface
Tool with teeth used to cut metal
Commonly machined surfaces include circular and non-circular holes, splines, keyways, and flat surfaces. Typical workpieces include small to medium-sized castings
Broaching_(metalworking)
Hand tool used for turning screws
Phillips styles. Torx is one such pattern that has become widespread. It is a spline tip with a corresponding recess in the screw head. The main cause of this
Screwdriver
Method of fitting similar objects together
one of the edges, it is a separate, loose piece, called a slip tongue or spline, that fits between two identically grooved edges. The tongue may or may
Tongue_and_groove
Techniques for creating complex surfaces in 3D graphics software
for the creation of surfaces. The first begins with construction curves (splines) from which the 3D surface is then swept (section along guide rail) or
Freeform_surface_modelling
surfaces together M-spline — a non-negative spline I-spline — a monotone spline, defined in terms of M-splines Smoothing spline — a spline fitted smoothly
List of numerical analysis topics
List_of_numerical_analysis_topics
Filter used to construct a smooth analog signal from a digital input
function, either by windowing or by giving a spline approximation, either by cubics or higher order splines. In the case of windowed sinc filters, the frequency
Reconstruction_filter
3D computer graphics program
history-independent solver, history-dependent solver, limb solver, and spline IK solver. These powerful solvers reduce the time it takes to create high-quality
Autodesk_3ds_Max
Mechanical gears in cars
either a 21-spline or a 23-spline output shaft. Transmissions coupled to four-cylinder engines typically used 21-spline output shafts. The 23-spline manual
AMC_and_Jeep_transmissions
3D character animation software
economic advantages for larger workgroups. The software uses a proprietary spline mesh technology to perform modeling and animation, and it is different in
Animation:Master
Tamper-resistant screw
pentalobe screws were used to attach the battery to the internal frame. A 1.5 mm flat-blade (slotted) screwdriver could easily remove these screws, which were
Pentalobe_screw
Motor vehicle
2004 SVT Cobra and the 2007 Shelby GT500. The differential uses the 31-spline axles and the 8.8 in (224 mm) ring gear. The standard final drive ratio
Ford Mustang (fifth generation)
Ford_Mustang_(fifth_generation)
Type of screw
Straight slot Hex socket Square socket External hex External square Bristol spline The concept of set screws is centuries old, predating the metal screw by
Set_screw
American muscle car
2-barrel engine with a 3-speed manual transmission, and a 9-inch (23 cm) 28 spline open rear axle. A 351W 4V 4-barrel was optional as was a 390 cu in (6.4
Ford_Mustang_Mach_1
American sport utility vehicle
power plant. Corporate 10-bolt axles were upgraded to 30-spline axle shafts from previous 28-spline shafts in 1989. In addition, the standard L05 5.7-liter
Chevrolet_K5_Blazer
Lever with interchangeable socket heads to grip or turn a bolt or nut
needed]). 5⁄8-inch square drive is less popular, as are No. 4 and No. 5 spline drives specified in ANSI B107. 1⁄4, 3⁄8 in (6.4, 9.5 mm), and 1⁄2 in (13 mm)
Socket_wrench
Pin or wedge passing through a hole to fix parts tightly together
maintained arrangement is typically used, such as a square tapered or splined interface. These cotters have a short threaded section at the narrower
Cotter_(pin)
Family of interpolation and clamping functions
_{1}(x)=-2x^{3}+3x^{2}.} Note that this is one of the basis functions of a cubic Hermite spline. Starting with a generic fifth-order polynomial function, its first derivative
Smoothstep
Type of fastener characterized by a thread wrapped around a cylinder core
what features are pressed into the screw head; for example a flat head screw uses a flat die. For more complicated shapes two heading processes are required
Screw
most notably the Ford Escort and Orion. The unit features a 20mm x 17 spline input shaft, uses a rod-based shift linkage and was originally only available
Ford_BC-series_transmission
Process of finding a spatial transformation that aligns two point clouds
eigenvalues. A nonlinear transformation may also be parametrized as a thin plate spline. Some approaches to point set registration use algorithms that solve the
Point-set_registration
Part of a drilling rig drive system
(three-, four-, six-, or eight-sided) or splined outer surface, which passes through the matching polygonal or splined kelly (mating) bushing and rotary table
Kelly_drive
Type of polygon mesh in computer graphics
generalization of bi-quadratic uniform B-splines, whereas Catmull-Clark was based on generalized bi-cubic uniform B-splines. The subdivision refinement algorithm
Doo–Sabin_subdivision_surface
Valvetrain configuration
engines, so an overhead camshaft engine using a shaft drive with sliding spline was the easiest way to allow for this expansion. These bevel shafts were
Overhead_camshaft_engine
American nuclear bomb
had an electric operated actuator as a safety device that would rotate a spline ring to prevent the projectile from being fired into the target rings. The
Mark_11_nuclear_bomb
Overview of the various four-wheel drive systems Jeep uses on their vehicles
chain-driven unit that takes 21- or 23-spline input shafts. The 23-spline was for the AX-15 transmission, and the 21-spline was used for the AX-5 and BA 10/5
Jeep_four-wheel-drive_systems
Motor vehicle
changed including different axle shafts, differential carrier, and larger 32-spline pinion. The 2014 Ram Power Wagon underwent extensive changes. Starting with
Dodge_Power_Wagon
Series of video game engines
higher precision vertex animation with the MD3 model format, volumetric fog, spline-based curved surfaces, precomputed form of portals similar to what is in
Id_Tech
Driver for hexagonal socketed bolts or screws
referring to external-wrenching hexagons. Hex keys are measured across-flats (AF), which is the distance between two opposite (parallel) sides of the
Hex_key
Simulation of the appearance of being three-dimensional
the center of the street. Often the center of the street is stored as a spline and sampled in a way that on straight streets every sampling point corresponds
2.5D
Term used in automotive technology
front wheels. A short inner stub shaft is splined to the differential side gear and an outer stub shaft is splined to the front wheel hub. Each stub shaft
Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout
Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout
Measuring a wheel rim diameter to find the wheel's size
The design of tuner lug nuts can range from bit style to multisided or spline drive, and are sometimes lightweight for performance purposes. Another variation
Wheel_sizing
Muscle car
speed automatic transmission, track-tuned suspension, Torque Reserve and 41-spline heavy-duty half-shafts, SRT power chiller, and after-run chiller. Scat Pack
Dodge_Challenger_(2008)
American full-size pickup built by Stellantis
25-inch with 33 spline axles. The rear options for the 2500 and 3500 were the AAM Corporate 10.5" and 11.5". Rear-axle shafts are 30 spline. The rear 11
Ram_pickup
Machine tool which linearly cuts or grinds the workpiece
to a dedicated broaching setup. Dovetail slides Internal splines and gear teeth. Keyway, spline, and gear tooth cutting in blind holes Cam drums with toolpaths
Shaper
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
a spline drive solution has been developed by an aftermarket tuner Supertec Racing who moves away from the OEM flat drive system and uses splines to
Nissan_RB_engine
Open-source 3D modelling software
hyperbola, parabola, Bézier, B-spline, offset; analytical surfaces: plane, cylinder, cone, sphere, torus, Bézier, B-spline, revolution, extrusion, offset)
Open_Cascade_Technology
Fitting an approximating function to data
smoothing and differentiation Scale space Scatterplot smoothing Smoothing spline Smoothness Statistical signal processing Subdivision surface, used in computer
Smoothing
Surface treatment technique
sometimes considered to be synonymous with gadrooning. Knurling Milled coinage Spline (mechanical) The Free Dictionary: "Reeding" Dictionary.com: "Reeding" Concise
Reeding
Motor vehicle
Strange Engineering S-9 solid rear axle (aluminum third member, 35-spline spool, 35-spline axles and 4.10 gear set), COPO-specific racing wheels, 29x9-inch
Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation)
Chevrolet_Camaro_(fifth_generation)
Powered mechanical device
The structural components are, generally, the frame members, bearings, splines, springs, seals, fasteners and covers. The shape, texture and color of
Machine
Fastener, specifically a nut, used to secure a wheel on a vehicle
are four common lug nut types: cone seat bulge cone seat under hub cap spline drive. The lug nut thread type varies between car brands and models. Examples
Lug_nut
Police car variant of the Ford Crown Victoria
sensing passenger airbag function. Midway through the model year, a 31-spline rear axle was introduced as standard equipment. A trunk circulation fan
Ford Crown Victoria Police Interceptor
Ford_Crown_Victoria_Police_Interceptor
Motor vehicle
two parts that could telescope, thereby avoiding the need for sliding splines in the drive shafts, with consequent stiction under drive or braking torque
Rover_P6
usually domed and is not designed to be driven. The end of the shank has a spline on it which is engaged by a special power wrench which prevents the bolt
List_of_screw_and_bolt_types
Small car manufactured by Citroën (1948–1990)
sliding splined joint, and twin Hookes type universal joints on its driveshafts; later models used constant velocity joints and a sliding splined joint
Citroën_2CV
Pseudocylindrical compromise map projection
either Aitken interpolation (with polynomials of unknown degrees) or cubic splines while analyzing area deformation on the Robinson projection. The X column
Robinson_projection
Jeep motor vehicle model
equipped with a Dana 20 transfer case, Dana 30 front axle (27- or 31-spline), and a 29-spline AMC 20 rear axle, while in later years, Laredo packages added a
Jeep_CJ
Material-removing manufacturing process
multi toothed tool is pressed through a hole to cut a desired shape (e.g. a spline, square, or hex shape) or along a surface by taking increasingly larger
Machining
High-performance Mustang model by SVT
2001. The axle shafts and differential were changed from 28 splines in 1999 to 31 splines in 2001. The rear decklid spoiler was redesigned. The 1999 two-piece
Ford_Mustang_SVT_Cobra
Screw drive with 6-lobed star-shaped flower-petal pattern
standard Torx driver from being inserted. However, the pin allows a smaller flat head screw driver to be used successfully between two adjacent lobes. Security
Torx
Tool for the precise measurement of a component's length, width, and/or depth
Universal micrometer sets come with interchangeable anvils, such as flat, spherical, spline, disk, blade, point, and knife-edge. The term universal micrometer
Micrometer_(device)
Type of motorcycle
BMW's previous models, and drove the rear wheel through an internally splined cup that meshes with a coupler crown gear keyed to the drive pinion. This
BMW_R60/2
Current British assault rifle, bullpup
rotating cylindrical bolt that contains seven radially mounted locking splines, an extractor and casing ejector. The bolt's rotation is controlled by
SA80
Distribution of an uncertain quantity
regularization, that is, to keep inferences in a reasonable range. An uninformative, flat, or diffuse prior expresses vague or general information about a variable
Prior_probability
Low-friction linear actuator
mechanical efficiency and estimated service life of ball screw assemblies. Ball spline – Mechanical bearing designed to provide free motion in one directionPages
Ball_screw
Salix, genus of trees
manufacture of double basses for backs, sides and linings, and in making splines and blocks for bass repair. An aqueous extract of willow bark is used as
Willow
Airship fleet used for promotional purposes
Transportation Safety Board report identified that improperly hardened metal splines on the control actuators sheared, causing loss of control. Spirit of Akron
Goodyear_Blimp
Car engine
which uses an extended dowel pin on the camshaft rather than a separate splined shaft in the camshaft gear. 1996 saw major revisions for OBD-II: a second
Chevrolet small-block engine (1954–2003)
Chevrolet_small-block_engine_(1954–2003)
Full-size luxury sedan (1980–2011)
added to the transmission (renamed the 4R70E). The 28-spline axle was replaced by an improved 31-spline unit; in a minor change, the Town Car received a heated
Lincoln_Town_Car
Surface able to be flattened without distortion
; Maekawa, Takashi (September 1998). "Design for Manufacturing Using B-Spline Developable Surfaces". Journal of Ship Research. 42 (3): 207–215. doi:10
Developable_surface
American full-size car
8-speed automatic transmission, track-tuned suspension, torque reserve and 41-spline heavy-duty half-shafts, SRT power chiller, and after-run chiller. For 2022
Dodge_Charger_(2006)
Motor Off-Road Vehicle
lockers, Rock-Trac four-wheel drive with 4:1 transfer case, rock rails, 32-spline rear axle with an 8.8-inch ring gear, 4.10 axle gearing, electric releasing
Jeep_Wrangler_(JK)
Family of closed mathematical curves
choose between true ellipses and superellipses (both approximated by cubic splines) into his Computer Modern type family. The superellipse was named by the
Superellipse
Form of waveform distortion
extrapolation of known samples. Advanced implementations may use cubic splines to attempt to restore a continuously differentiable signal. While these
Clipping_(audio)
Creation of standards and the technical drawings
for drawing arcs and circles, and the French curve, for drawing curves. A spline is a rubber coated articulated metal that can be manually bent to most curves
Technical_drawing
maple grown (Acer saccharum) in the Appalachians and is held together with splines of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) from Honduras, and is finished with
Golden_Brain_Award
Abbreviations and symbols used in engineering drawing
corners of a hex drive, such as a hex nut. AF across flats Commonly used when measuring the flat surfaces of a hex drive, such as a hex nut. AFF above
Engineering drawing abbreviations and symbols
Engineering_drawing_abbreviations_and_symbols
Method of representing objects in 3D computer graphics
surface patches are analogous to the multiple polynomial arcs used to build a spline. They allow more complex surfaces to be represented by a series of relatively
Computer representation of surfaces
Computer_representation_of_surfaces
Algorithm to smooth data points
differentiation – Application to differentiation of functions Smoothing spline Stencil (numerical analysis) – Application to the solution of differential
Savitzky–Golay_filter
Fixing pieces of wood together
woodworking joint, the resulting surfaces have the following names: Cheek, the flat surface parallel to the face of the joint member which exposes long grain
Joinery
Tool used to provide grip and mechanical advantage
etically similar in function to wrenches. List of screw drives Width across flats "AskOxford". Archived from the original on 18 October 2004. Retrieved 20
Wrench
Small family car produced by Peugeot (1965–1976)
column to the floor. This car's body was one of the first to be shaped using spline curves, and was the first full application of Bézier curves as implemented
Peugeot_204
bottom bracket wrenches for newer bottom bracket styles such as internally splined by ISIS, Shimano, FSA, and RaceFace; externally notched by Campagnolo Veloce
Bicycle_tools
Method of data analysis
{\displaystyle k} given a total of n {\displaystyle n} components, for PCA have a flat plateau, where no data are captured to remove the quasi-static noise, then
Principal_component_analysis
Pedal-driven two-wheel vehicle
on bicycle forks ISO 8562 Cycles – Stem wedge angle ISO 10230 Cycles – Splined hub and sprocket – Mating dimensions ISO 11243 Cycles – Luggage carriers
Bicycle
Full-size sedan manufactured by the Ford Motor Company
top of the left inner fender. Furthermore, 2005 introduced an improved 31-spline rear axle as well as a heated PCV valve. 2006 saw the introduction of Flex
Ford_Crown_Victoria
Method in approximation theory
interpolation matrix. Some radial basis functions such as the polyharmonic splines have no shape-parameter. Kriging Radial basis function Hardy, Rolland (March
Radial basis function interpolation
Radial_basis_function_interpolation
Linear dependency situation in a regression model
nonparametric regression and inferior to newer methods based on smoothing splines, LOESS, or Gaussian process regression. Use an orthogonal representation
Multicollinearity
Type of numerical analysis
presence of monotonicity violations the resulting interpolated curve will have flat (constant) intervals. In dose-response applications it is usually known that
Isotonic_regression
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