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Censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain
Excommunication
Catholic practice
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, excommunication (from Latin ex- 'out of' and communio or communicatio 'communion'; literally 'exclusion from
Excommunication in the Catholic Church
Excommunication_in_the_Catholic_Church
disobedience to the Church or its teachings. In Roman Catholic canon law, excommunication is a censure and thus a "medicinal penalty" intended to invite the
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
List_of_people_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church
Painting by Jean-Paul Laurens
The Excommunication of Robert the Pious (French: L'Excommunication de Robert le Pieux) is an 1875 painting by Jean-Paul Laurens, held by the Musée d'Orsay
The Excommunication of Robert the Pious
The_Excommunication_of_Robert_the_Pious
1988 controversial consecrations performed by Catholic Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre
declaring that Lefebvre and De Castro Mayer had incurred automatic excommunication by consecrating the bishops without papal consent, thus putting himself
Écône_consecrations
Album by Tyler Glenn
Excommunication is the first solo album by Neon Trees singer Tyler Glenn, released on October 21, 2016, by Island Records. The title of the album refers
Excommunication_(album)
Term for something or someone vehemently hated or banned
liturgical meaning evolved again to mean a formal ecclesiastical curse of excommunication and the condemnation of heretical doctrines, the severest form of separation
Anathema
Abortion controversy in 2009
The excommunication of Margaret McBride occurred with the sanctioning by the American religious sister Margaret McBride in November 2009 of an abortion
Excommunication of Margaret McBride
Excommunication_of_Margaret_McBride
King of the Franks from 996 to 1031
years and, in the event of non-separation, they would be struck with excommunication. Moreover, at the end of three years of union, there were no living
Robert_II_of_France
Highest ecclesiastical censure in the Jewish community
Jewish community. It is a form of shunning and is similar to vitandus "excommunication" in the Catholic Church. Cognate terms in other Semitic languages include
Herem_(censure)
Congregation discipline as practiced by Jehovah's Witnesses
enforced, from reproof and restriction of congregational duties to excommunication, which includes shunning. Individuals who are removed may be later
Jehovah's Witnesses congregational discipline
Jehovah's_Witnesses_congregational_discipline
Traditionalist Catholic society of apostolic life
consecrated or were consecrated had incurred Latæ Sententiæ (automatic) excommunication. Though the SSPX denied that the bishops incurred any penalty, who
Society_of_Saint_Pius_X
Ways sentences are imposed in the Catholic Church
that the 1983 Code of Canon Law envisages are excommunication, interdict, and suspension. Excommunication prohibits participation in certain forms of liturgical
Latae sententiae and ferendae sententiae
Latae_sententiae_and_ferendae_sententiae
has attached the penalty of excommunication; the list is not exhaustive. In most cases these were "automatic excommunications", wherein the violator who
List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church
List_of_excommunicable_offences_in_the_Catholic_Church
individually incurred a disciplinary latae sententiae excommunication for this schismatic act. The excommunications of the four living SSPX bishops were remitted
Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X
Canonical_situation_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X
Zambian Catholic prelate (1947–2026)
the Holy See, so Archbishop Mpundu incurred the canonical penalty of excommunication latae sententiae. Mpundu died on 15 May 2026, at the age of 78, while
Telesphore_George_Mpundu
2001 studio album by The Meads of Asphodel
The Excommunication of Christ is the first full-length studio album by the black metal band The Meads of Asphodel. It was released on Supernal Music in
The_Excommunication_of_Christ
British excommunicated Catholic bishop (1940–2025)
declared all parties had incurred ipso facto automatic excommunication. The validity of the excommunication has always been denied by the SSPX, who, citing canon
Richard_Williamson_(bishop)
Radical Islamist group founded by Shukri Mustafa
wal-Hijra (Arabic: التكفير والهجرة, translation: "Excommunication and Exodus", alternatively "excommunication and emigration" or "anathema and exile"), was
Takfir_wal-Hijra
heresies in a variety of ways, including through theological debate, excommunication, and even violence. This is a list of some of the Christian heresies
List_of_Christian_heresies
Spanish-Argentine bishop (born 1957)
incurred latae sententiae excommunication on account of disobedience. The SSPX denied the legal validity of the excommunication, saying that the consecrations
Alfonso_de_Galarreta
Excommunicated Zambian bishop (born 1930)
mandate. Through that act alone, Milingo had incurred a latae sententiae excommunication, which was stated by the Holy See Press Office two days later. On December
Emmanuel_Milingo
1570 papal bull by Pius V excommunicating Queen Elizabeth I of England
Those who shall act to the contrary we include in the like sentence of excommunication." Among the queen's offences, "She has removed the royal Council, composed
Regnans_in_Excelsis
Swiss bishop (born 1958)
for Bishops, on instructions from Pope Benedict XVI, rescinded the excommunications. Fellay was born in Sierre, Switzerland in 1958. In October 1977, at
Bernard_Fellay
German teenager executed for resisting Nazism
Otto Berndt, refused to provide the second required signature on the excommunication certificate. However, a member of the mission presidency later provided
Helmuth_Hübener
Head of the Catholic Church from 1585 to 1590
over-ambitious; he excommunicated King Henry IV of France and renewed the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth I of England. He is recognized as a significant
Pope_Sixtus_V
Political, medical and religious controversy
mother's life. The 1983 Code of Canon Law says that latae sententiae excommunication is incurred by "a person who procures a completed abortion" (Canon
2009 Brazilian girl abortion case
2009_Brazilian_girl_abortion_case
14th century Metropolitan of Ephesus
serving as the Metropolitan of Ephesus from 1329 to 1351, until his excommunication. Matthew was born in Philadelphia in 1272 or 1273, was originally named
Matthew_of_Ephesus
American human rights lawyer (born 1980/1)
letters on her behalf from supporters. In the weeks before and after her excommunication, Kelly urged followers to stay in the church and "raise hell" if they
Kate_Kelly_(feminist)
French sedeprivationist bishop and theologian (1898–1988)
Doctrine of the Faith judged in 1983 that he had incurred "ipso facto excommunication" as a consequence. Regardless, Guérard des Lauriers himself later consecrated
Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers
Michel-Louis_Guérard_des_Lauriers
Masonic organizations were censured with automatic excommunication. Since 1983, excommunication is no longer automatic but optional. Pope John Paul II's
Papal_ban_of_Freemasonry
Dutch theologian, namesake for the Mennonites (1496–1561)
Protestant reformer John Calvin (1509–64), focusing on the issue of excommunication. This theological analysis stresses sharp contrasts between the two
Menno_Simons
English memoirist, poet and cookery writer
Elizabeth Freke (1641–1714) was an English memoirist and poet, known for her diaries and remembrances, but also for a collection of recipes covering medicine
Elizabeth_Freke
Excommunication ritual
phrase "bell, book, and candle" refers to a Latin Christian method of excommunication by anathema, imposed on a person who had committed an exceptionally
Bell,_book,_and_candle
French Catholic bishop (1945–2024)
incurring automatic excommunication and suspension. The sanctions were later lifted. The SSPX denied the validity of the excommunications, citing canon law
Bernard_Tissier_de_Mallerais
American frontiersman and territorial politician (1815–1883)
William Adams "Wild Bill" Hickman (April 16, 1815 – August 21, 1883) was an American frontiersman. He also served as a representative to the Utah Territorial
Wild_Bill_Hickman
Italian cardinal (born 1934)
notified Catholics in his diocese that they would incur automatic excommunication if they belonged to groups that espoused beliefs that contradicted
Giovanni_Battista_Re
Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston (13 March 1620 – 21 October 1691), a Cavalier, was the first dignity Charles II conferred as King. Alexander
Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston
Alexander_Seton,_1st_Viscount_of_Kingston
American researcher
Thaminder Singh Anand Born (1957-09-30) 30 September 1957 (age 68) Known for Excommunication by Akal Takht
Thaminder_Singh_Anand
Term used in law
mitigation. In canon law, "aggravation" was a form of censure, threatening excommunication after three disregarded admonitions. Black, Henry Campbell, Black's
Aggravation_(law)
King of England from 1509 to 1547
took the step of excommunicating the King and Cranmer, although the excommunication was not made official until some time later. The King and Queen were
Henry_VIII
Catholic Church law
penalty completely except in cases of latae sententiae (automatic) excommunication. The diminution or replacement of the penalty must be applied if the
Canon_1324
Count of Toulouse
with Pope Innocent III over his tolerance of the Cathars led into his excommunication and the beginning of the Albigensian Crusade. Raymond was born at Saint-Gilles
Raymond_VI,_Count_of_Toulouse
Pedro de Lisperguer von Wittenberg y Bírlinguer (born Peter Lißberg; 1535–1604) was a German conquistador who participated in the Conquest of Chile. He
Pedro_de_Lisperguer
election. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals. Excommunication—literally, the denial of communion—usually means that a person is barred
List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church
List_of_cardinals_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church
Satirical Humanist text (1515-1519)
The Epistolæ Obscurorum Virorum (English: Letters of Obscure Men) was a celebrated collection of satirical Latin letters which appeared 1515–1519 in Hagenau
Epistolæ_Obscurorum_Virorum
Sri Lankan Catholic priest and theologian
intense international publicity and six days of negotiations, the excommunication was rescinded in January 1998. Although Balasuriya did not admit to
Tissa_Balasuriya
Many bishops, priests and monks strongly condemned theatrical amusements or even declared the actors to be "instruments of Satan", "a curse to the Church"
Catholic_Church_and_theatre
12th-century dispute between Thomas Becket and Henry II of England
dispute with the king confiscating property and the archbishop issuing excommunications. King Henry II appointed his chancellor, Thomas Becket, as Archbishop
Becket_controversy
Head of the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241
Europe complaining of his treatment. The suspension was followed by excommunication and threats of deposition, as deeper rifts appeared. Frederick II went
Pope_Gregory_IX
Type of sexual assault involving sexual intercourse without consent
(ravishment). Both of these forms of raptus had a civil penalty and possible excommunication for the family and village receiving the abducted woman, although raptus
Rape
3rd-century scholar, priest, theologian and antipope
many places and at various times to punish determined sinners with excommunication ending at the hour of death or even refusing them communion in the
Novatian
Organization responsible for the upkeep of Sikh temples in Haryana, India
The Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (Punjabi: ਹਰਿਆਣਾ ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਕ ਕਮੇਟੀ; abbr. HSGMC), is an organization responsible for the upkeep
Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee
Haryana_Sikh_Gurdwara_Management_Committee
Relations between Napoleon and the Catholic Church
Napoleon and the Catholic Church remained on difficult terms throughout the former's rule. Although Napoleon moderated the radical secularism of the French
Napoleon and the Catholic Church
Napoleon_and_the_Catholic_Church
Capital of the Eastern Roman and Ottoman empires
Montferrat and the Doge of Venice, the Fourth Crusade was, despite papal excommunication, diverted in 1203 against Constantinople, ostensibly promoting the
Constantinople
Group advocating for legal priest marriage
celibacy. It was decided not to change the rule. Due to Milingo’s excommunication and his connection with the non-Catholic religious leader Sun Myung
Married_Priests_Now!
Painting by Gustave Doré
Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion Ingres: The Source Laurens: The Excommunication of Robert the Pious Lefebvre: The Truth Luce: The Quai Saint-Michel
The_Enigma_(Doré)
American television personality (born 1983)
Monica Garcia is an American reality television personality best known for appearing as a cast member on the fourth season of the Bravo series The Real
Monica_Garcia
Catholic archbishop
exception of Brazil’s abortion laws, Sobrinho stated that automatic excommunication had been incurred by the girl's mother and the medical team. Regarding
José_Cardoso_Sobrinho
Statement of belief
we see not, we shall have cause to be thankful to God and to them. Excommunication is a practice of the Bible to exclude members who do not respect the
Creed
Religious wars of the High Middle Ages
leaders launched the Peace of God movement, threatening offenders with excommunication. As sins permeated daily life, Christians feared damnation. Sinners
Crusades
Painting by Pierre Puvis de Chavannes
Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion Ingres: The Source Laurens: The Excommunication of Robert the Pious Lefebvre: The Truth Luce: The Quai Saint-Michel
The_Poor_Fisherman
French traditionalist Catholic archbishop (1905–1991)
the ceremony had incurred automatic excommunication, which Lefebvre refused to acknowledge. The excommunications were rescinded in 2009 by Pope Benedict
Marcel_Lefebvre
Filipino claimant to papacy (born 1970)
Philippines advised Catholics not to support Martinez or risk facing excommunication. Rojas says Martinez is not a Catholic priest, and therefore cannot
Rogelio_del_Rosario_Martinez
Roman Catholic canonical decree
Jesus the King, on June 29, 2002, and is a follow-up to a decree of excommunication of Braschi and the women issued on August 5, 2002. In 1998, Braschi
Decree on the Attempted Ordination of Some Catholic Women
Decree_on_the_Attempted_Ordination_of_Some_Catholic_Women
Latin Catholic legislation
person who actually procures an abortion incurs a latae sententiae excommunication". Before the December 2021 reform, the content related to this topic
Canon_1397_paragraph_2
English nobleman (1243–1295)
fortress. On 6 October 1265 he received the papal absolution of his excommunication, and on 9 October that year the pardon of the King for his former support
Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester
Gilbert_de_Clare,_7th_Earl_of_Gloucester
1520 papal bull by Pope Leo X in response to Martin Luther's 95 Theses
threatened Luther and his colleagues—one being Andreas Karlstadt—with excommunication unless they recanted their teachings sixty days after the publication
Exsurge_Domine
Stance of the Catholic Church on abortion
of the 1983 Code of Canon Law imposes automatic (latae sententiae) excommunication on Latin Catholics who actually procure an abortion, if they fulfill
Catholic_Church_and_abortion
King of England from 1485 to 1509
(1493–1519) and persuaded Pope Innocent VIII to issue a papal bull of excommunication against all pretenders to Henry's throne. In 1506, Grand Master of
Henry_VII_of_England
Independent Catholic International organization
excommunicated by the Vatican, and their request for a revocation of the excommunication denied, in Decree on the Attempted Ordination of Some Catholic Women
Roman_Catholic_Womenpriests
26 April 2025. Condon, Ed (28 April 2025). "Politics, secrecy and excommunication in a conclave — and before". The Pillar. Archived from the original
2025_conclave
refused or threatened to refuse communion, or threatened to declare excommunication upon Catholic politicians who support abortion rights. In some cases
Eucharist denial to Catholic politicians over abortion
Eucharist_denial_to_Catholic_politicians_over_abortion
12th-century Anglo-Norman nobleman and assassin of Thomas Becket
Sir Hugh de Morville (died c. 1173) was an Anglo-Norman knight who served King Henry II of England in the late 12th century. He is chiefly famous as one
Hugh de Morville, Lord of Westmorland
Hugh_de_Morville,_Lord_of_Westmorland
1974 film by Sergio Grieco
Saint Valentine (Italian: Le scomunicate di San Valentino, lit. 'The Excommunication of Saint Valentine') is a 1974 Italian nunsploitation horror film co-written
The Sinful Nuns of Saint Valentine
The_Sinful_Nuns_of_Saint_Valentine
Confidentiality of Catholic confession
explicitly connects a sin to a penitent, "incurs a latae sententiae excommunication". One who breaks the seal "indirectly" (that is, through their words
Seal of confession in the Catholic Church
Seal_of_confession_in_the_Catholic_Church
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
1965 by the Catholic and Orthodox churches, mutually revoking the excommunications that marked their Great Schism in 1054; the Anglican Catholic International
Christianity
Mormon premarital sex avoidance method
73-year-old apostle Albert Carrington, argued during the hearings before his excommunication that his decade of extramarital sexual relationships with multiple
Soaking_(sexual_practice)
Founder and former CEO of Operation Underground Railroad
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints of defaming him and claimed that his excommunication was the result of a broader conspiracy. These claims, made in interviews
Tim_Ballard
European political entity (800/962–1806)
famous Walk to Canossa in 1077, by which he achieved a lifting of the excommunication at the price of humiliation. Meanwhile, the German princes had elected
Holy_Roman_Empire
American podcast host
critic John Dehlin appeals LDS excommunication". Salt Lake Tribune. "Mormon critic John Dehlin appeals LDS excommunication | Religion News Service". Religionnews
John_Dehlin
Painting by Gustave Boulanger
Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion Ingres: The Source Laurens: The Excommunication of Robert the Pious Lefebvre: The Truth Luce: The Quai Saint-Michel
Répétition du "Joueur de flûte" et de "La femme de Diomède" chez le prince Napoléon
Répétition_du_"Joueur_de_flûte"_et_de_"La_femme_de_Diomède"_chez_le_prince_Napoléon
Brazilian Catholic clergyman
Catholic and ally of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, he incurred automatic excommunication for participating in the 1988 illicit consecration of four bishops
Antônio_de_Castro_Mayer
13th Century Jewish convert to Christianity
Paris by Rabbi Yechiel of Paris. While the precise reason for his excommunication is not known, Yechiel himself claims that it was because Donin had
Nicholas_Donin
Head of the Catholic Church from 1073 to 1085
Church's clergy. These decrees were further stressed, under threat of excommunication, the next year (24–28 February). In particular, Gregory decreed that
Pope_Gregory_VII
religion promoting love and acceptance—profoundly disconcerting." Excommunication among Baháʼís is rare and reserved for those actively promoting schism;
Criticism_of_the_Baháʼí_Faith
1320 letter to Pope John XXII affirming Scottish independence from England
to Pope John XXII. It constituted King Robert I's response to his excommunication for disobeying the pope's demand in 1317 for a truce in the First War
Declaration_of_Arbroath
Head of the Catholic Church from 1119 to 1124
issued the bull Sicut Judaeis which forbade Christians, on pain of excommunication, from forcing Jews to convert, from harming them, from taking their
Pope_Callixtus_II
American Catholic priest (1947–2024)
James Brady Callan (October 19, 1947 – December 13, 2024) was an American Roman Catholic priest and one of the founders of the Spiritus Christi Community
James_Callan
Latin phrase used in many sciences
used than ipso facto with regard to ecclesiastical penalties such as excommunication. It indicates that the effect follows even if no verdict (in Latin
Ipso_facto
French nobleman (1025–1074)
Ralph IV (French: Raoul; born c. 1025, died 1074) was a northern French nobleman who amassed an extensive array of lordships lying in a crescent around
Ralph_IV_of_Valois
International cultural movement (1920s–1950s)
moment would remain marked by fractures, resignations, and resounding excommunications, with each surrealist having their own view of the issue and goals
Surrealism
Australian-born writer and scholar (born 1961)
along with Alexander Galloway and Eugene Thacker, published the book Excommunication: Three Inquiries in Media and Mediation. In the opening of the book
McKenzie_Wark
Painting by Pierre Bonnard
Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion Ingres: The Source Laurens: The Excommunication of Robert the Pious Lefebvre: The Truth Luce: The Quai Saint-Michel
Woman_with_a_Cat_(Bonnard)
Papua New Guinean Anglican bishop
Sir George Ambo KBE (November 25, 1922 – July 6, 2008), originally named Ambo Arukaba after his father and grandfather, was a Papua New Guinean Anglican
George_Ambo
Queen of Wessex from 856 to 860
Bishop Hunger of Utrecht in which he informed Hunger of Baldwin's excommunication for kidnapping Judith and marrying her without royal consent. Contemporary
Judith_of_Flanders
1228–1229 attempted conquest of the Holy Land
successful one). Frederick II carried out his maneuvers in 1228 while under excommunication from the Church by Pope Gregory IX. The Fifth Crusade ended in 1221
Sixth_Crusade
Early LDS church leader and historian
Far West. He remained a member of the church presidency until his excommunication in 1838. Problems at church headquarters in Kirtland relating to the
John_Whitmer
Ritual submission of Henry IV
involved the Emperor seeking absolution and the revocation of his excommunication by the Pope who had been staying at the castle as the guest of Margravine
Road_to_Canossa
Catholic person who is non-practicing
bearing the fruits of salvation." Even the form of censure known as excommunication does not erase this sacramental character of baptism; but excommunicated
Lapsed_Catholic
EXCOMMUNICATION
EXCOMMUNICATION
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EXCOMMUNICATION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
Coloured Animal; Huge Flood
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
Son of Lord Yesu
Girl/Female
Assamese, Bengali, Indian, Kannada
Greetings
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Indian
Firmly Fixed
Boy/Male
Indian
Part of Body
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Flower Row on the Neck
Male
Chinese
cautious or deep.
Boy/Male
English American Spanish
He who holds Christ in his heart. Famous Bearers: actors Christopher Plummer and Christopher...
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Grace.
Girl/Female
English
Nobility; strength.
EXCOMMUNICATION
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EXCOMMUNICATION
n.
The last monitory, published after three admonitions and before the last excommunication.
n.
A ban or curse pronounced with religious solemnity by ecclesiastical authority, and accompanied by excommunication. Hence: Denunciation of anything as accursed.
n.
An absolving from ecclesiastical penalties, -- for example, excommunication.
n.
The act of cutting off from the church; excommunication.
a.
Liable or deserving to be excommunicated; making excommunication possible or proper.
n.
The act of communicating or ejecting; esp., an ecclesiastical censure whereby the person against whom it is pronounced is, for the time, cast out of the communication of the church; exclusion from fellowship in things spiritual.