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Body of criticism of the European Union
soft Euroscepticism), to those who oppose EU membership and see the EU as unreformable (anti-European Unionism, anti-EUism, or hard Euroscepticism). The
Euroscepticism
ISBN 978-1-137-41411-3 – via Google Books. "Belgians' pride in EU role quells euroscepticism". EUobserver. 6 May 2014. Archived copy Archived 6 July 2011 at the
List of Eurosceptic political parties
List_of_Eurosceptic_political_parties
European Union. Instead, Cypriot Euroscepticism, correlates with ‘soft Euroscepticism’, which explains Euroscepticism as occurring in cycles due to events
Cyprus_and_the_European_Union
British opposition to the European Union
Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom is a continuum of belief ranging from the opposition to certain political policies of the European Union (EU) to the
Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom
Euroscepticism_in_the_United_Kingdom
Criticism/Opposition to the European Union in the Czech Republic
Euroscepticism, i.e. the opposition to policies of supranational European Union institutions and/or opposition to membership of the European Union, is
Euroscepticism in the Czech Republic
Euroscepticism_in_the_Czech_Republic
Criticism/Opposition to the European Union in Ireland
Euroscepticism is a minority view in Ireland. Opinion polls held in the country between 2017 and 2024 indicated between 70% and 90% support for continued
Euroscepticism in the Republic of Ireland
Euroscepticism_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland
English actor and activist (born 1978)
Laurence Paul Fox (born 26 May 1978) is an English actor, political activist, and founder and leader of the right-wing populist Reclaim Party. He made
Laurence_Fox
British journalist (1960–2026)
Roderick Edwin Liddle (1 April 1960 – 2 August 2026) was a British journalist and broadcaster. He was an editor of BBC Radio 4's Today and an associate
Rod_Liddle
British politician and broadcaster (born 1964)
right-wing populist, Eurosceptic and anti-immigration by journalistic sources and news media. Farage has been associated with euroscepticism throughout his
Nigel_Farage
Political term for opposition to Europe
and Euroscepticism. Its defining characteristic is the rejection of European integration and European unity This distinguishes it from Euroscepticism, which
Anti-Europeanism
Former UK political party
pro-EU sentiment in Scotland or a perception that the Referendum Party's Euroscepticism was a form of English nationalism rather than British nationalism. The
Referendum_Party
English musician and actor (born 1940)
Sir Richard Starkey (born 7 July 1940), known as Ringo Starr, is an English musician, singer, songwriter and actor who achieved international fame as the
Ringo_Starr
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom since 2026
Anti-imperialism Anti-racism Environmental justice Equality of opportunity Euroscepticism (factions) Nationalisation Pro-Europeanism (factions) Radical democracy
Andy_Burnham
Favouring European integration
membership of the European Union (EU). The opposite of Pro-Europeanism is Euroscepticism. Pro-Europeans are mostly classified as centrist (Renew Europe) in the
Pro-Europeanism
British politician and media personality (1947–2026)
the twenty-first series of Celebrity Big Brother in 2018. A prominent Eurosceptic, she supported the Vote Leave campaign during the 2016 referendum on
Ann_Widdecombe
British statesman and writer (1874–1965)
Anti-transgender British unionism British national identity Dignity Euroscepticism (factions) Familialism Imperialism Loyalism Meritocracy Monarchism Nobility
Winston_Churchill
Political ideology
parties generally known for their opposition to immigration, and for Euroscepticism. Some right-wing populists may support expanding the welfare state,
Right-wing_populism
Political party in Italy
(Italian: Democrazia Sovrana Popolare, DSP) is a populist, sovereignist and Eurosceptic political party in Italy, formed in January 2023. The party claims to
Sovereign_Popular_Democracy
by PASOK or the Communist Party: both openly eurosceptic. This was the high point of Greek euroscepticism, coming just months after the country's accession
1981 Greek parliamentary election
1981_Greek_parliamentary_election
chauvinism Communitarianism Dark Enlightenment Euroscepticism Hard Euroscepticism Soft Euroscepticism Nashism National-anarchism National Bolshevism National
List_of_political_ideologies
Far-right authoritarian political ideology
ISBN 978-0-415-08069-9 – via Google Books. Ramswell, Prebble Q. (2017). Euroscepticism and the Rising Threat from the Left and Right: The Concept of Millennial
Fascism
Political party in France
hegemony and contribute to the development of multipolar world”. The Euroscepticism of the party is its trademark political position. It strongly opposes
Citizen and Republican Movement
Citizen_and_Republican_Movement
"Greece: The Remarkable Defeat of Euroscepticism". In Kaeding, Michael; Pollak, Johannes; Schmidt, Paul (eds.). Euroscepticism and the Future of Europe. Cham:
Greece_and_the_European_Union
British politician (born 1980)
the shadow cabinet. In November 2024, Badenoch faced criticism from Eurosceptic MPs, such as Nigel Farage, when she whipped Conservative MPs into abstaining
Kemi_Badenoch
relationship between UKIP and the Conservatives – and populism and Euroscepticism". Politics. 38 (3): 263–277. doi:10.1177/0263395718754718. Turnbull-Dugarte
List of political parties in the United Kingdom
List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom
Political alignment in the right-wing spectrum
far-right groups began to espouse Euroscepticism, nationalist and anti-migrant beliefs. By 2010, the Eurosceptic group European Alliance for Freedom
Far-right_politics
Right-wing political group of the European Parliament
promotes soft euroscepticism, as opposed to a total rejection of the existence of the EU characterised by anti-EU-ism or hard euroscepticism, by calling
European Conservatives and Reformists Group
European_Conservatives_and_Reformists_Group
English musician, author and media personality (born 1956)
John Joseph Lydon (/ˈlaɪdən/ LY-dən; born 31 January 1956), also known by his former stage name Johnny Rotten, is an English singer, songwriter, author
John_Lydon
French politician (born 1979)
Ferrari was head of the Institute for Direct Democracy in Europe (IDDE), a Eurosceptic think tank. Ferrari was also founding member of The Movement, together
Laure_Ferrari
British politician (born 1966)
Reform UK on 18 January 2026. Rosindell holds socially conservative and Eurosceptic political views; he campaigned for Brexit and was one of the 28 original
Andrew_Rosindell
Swedish political party
Oberoende, lit. 'Independent Countryside Party') is a Swedish agrarian and Eurosceptic political party founded in 2010 which focuses on politics for rural areas
Independent_Rural_Party
British trade unionist (born 1962)
Michael Lynch (born January 1962) is a British-Irish trade unionist who served as the General Secretary of the RMT from May 2021 until his retirement in
Mick_Lynch_(trade_unionist)
President of France and co-prince of Andorra since 2017
"Anti-Montebourg" due to being pro-EU and much more liberal, while Montebourg was eurosceptic and left-wing. As Minister of Economics, Macron was at the forefront
Emmanuel_Macron
Political party
opposition to the European single currency, the euro. With the growing Euroscepticism within his party, John Major negotiated a British opt-out in the 1992
Conservative_Party_(UK)
British politician, political strategist and journalist
critical of the European Union's influence and transitioned toward Euroscepticism. In 2002, he left Deva's office to co-found and edit The Sprout, a satirical
Gawain_Towler
English actress and model (born 1965)
Elizabeth Jane Hurley (born 10 June 1965), often known as Liz Hurley, is an English actress and model. Her best-known film roles are Vanessa Kensington
Elizabeth_Hurley
Government of Slovakia since 2023
Smer - sociálna demokracia Social conservatism Left-wing nationalism Euroscepticism Populism Robert Fico 42 / 150 7 / 17 Voice – Social Democracy Hlas -
Fico's_Fourth_Cabinet
British politician (born 1969)
the party for being insufficiently eurosceptic, stating that "German euroscepticism is milk to British euroscepticism's brandy." In April 2019 Rees-Mogg
Jacob_Rees-Mogg
British politician (born 1940)
Stafford and then for Stone in Staffordshire in 1997. Cash is a prominent Eurosceptic. Following his tenth election victory in the 2019 general election, aged
Bill_Cash
Bilateral relations
the Single European Act in 1986. Danes spurred political awareness of euroscepticism and have had a reputation as "reluctant" Europeans. The first Danish
Denmark and the European Union
Denmark_and_the_European_Union
British politician and businessman (born 1965)
Conservative Party defections to Reform UK Breakaway groups Advance UK Restore Britain Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom 2026 financial allegations
Ben_Habib
Political party in Iceland
The Centre Party (Icelandic: Miðflokkurinn) is a Nordic agrarian and right-wing populist political party in Iceland, established in September 2017. It
Centre_Party_(Iceland)
Far-right European political party
Europe of Sovereign Nations (ESN or ESN Party; French: L'Europe des Nations Souveraines; German: Europa Souveräner Nationen) is a far-right European political
Europe of Sovereign Nations (party)
Europe_of_Sovereign_Nations_(party)
Political party in the United Kingdom
professor at the London School of Economics (LSE), Sked had converted to Euroscepticism while teaching the LSE's European Studies programme. Under the Anti-Federalist
UK_Independence_Party
Group of European states without mutual border controls
Citizenship Passports of the European Union Identity Pro-Europeanism Euroscepticism European banking union European Banking Supervision Single Resolution
Schengen_Area
Political ideology of Viktor Orbán
"Playing on distance: a relational rhetorical analysis of Viktor Orbán's Euroscepticism". East European Politics. 40 (2): 256–276. doi:10.1080/21599165.2023
Orbanism
Journalist, broadcaster and economist from Dublin
David Prior McWilliams (born 1966) is an Irish economist, writer, and journalist. Since 1999, he has been a broadcaster, writer, economic commentator and
David_McWilliams_(economist)
British politician (born 2006)
Conservative Party defections to Reform UK Breakaway groups Advance UK Restore Britain Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom 2026 financial allegations
George_Finch_(councillor)
Croatian political party
Home and National Rally (Croatian: Dom i Nacionalno Okupljanje; abbr. DOMiNO) is a right-wing political party in Croatia. The party's first and current
Home_and_National_Rally
British businessman and politician (born 1964)
crime could also be reduced if housing was better managed. Tice is a Eurosceptic. He was a director of the campaign group, Business for Sterling, which
Richard_Tice
President of the Czech Republic from 2003 to 2013
his strong opinions on issues ranging from global warming denial to Euroscepticism, and a wide-ranging amnesty declared in his last months of office, triggering
Václav_Klaus
English actor, comedian, and writer (born 1955)
His three older brothers are Paul, who died as an infant; Rodney, a Eurosceptic economist who narrowly lost the UK Independence Party leadership election
Rowan_Atkinson
Flag of the United Kingdom
Union resulted in a vote to leave, the Union Flag became a symbol of euroscepticism in Italy. In August 2016, many local businesses along the Italian riviera
Union_Jack
Political organisation in Serbia
The We – Voice from the People (Serbian: Ми — Глас из народа, Mi — Glas iz naroda, abbrev. MI–GIN) is a populist political organisation in Serbia. Until
We_–_Voice_from_the_People
to more intensive discussions across much of Europe, and later overt euroscepticism gained prominence. Only France, Ireland and Denmark held referendums
1992 French Maastricht Treaty referendum
1992_French_Maastricht_Treaty_referendum
British politician (born 1971)
David Michael Kurten (born 22 March 1971) is a British politician who has served as leader of the Heritage Party since September 2020. He was previously
David_Kurten
Former Eurosceptic political group of the European Parliament
Udfordringer. 8. "Brexit and Right-Wing Euroscepticism in the European Parliament". www.qmul.ac.uk. 25 April 2022. "New eurosceptic group to campaign against EU
Independence/Democracy
Political party in Denmark
Nye Borgerlige (NB, often translated as the New Right) is a national-conservative and right-wing populist political party in Denmark. Formed by Pernille
New_Right_(Denmark)
British political strategist (born 1978)
Matthew Jim Elliott, Baron Elliott of Mickle Fell, FRSA (born 12 February 1978), is a British political strategist and lobbyist who has served as the chief
Matthew Elliott, Baron Elliott of Mickle Fell
Matthew_Elliott,_Baron_Elliott_of_Mickle_Fell
Latvian political party
lv/ru/ricibas-partija/40008045333 Rīcības partija Bukovskis, Karlis (2016). Euroscepticism in Small EU Member States (PDF). Riga: Latvian Institute of International
Action_Party_(Latvia)
Political party in the Czech Republic
2014; Úsvit přímé demokracie Tomia Okamury), was a right-wing populist, Eurosceptic political party in the Czech Republic. The party was founded in May 2013
Dawn_–_National_Coalition
Political party in Poland
Startin, Nicholas; Usherwood, Simon (2017). The Routledge Handbook of Euroscepticism. Routledge. ISBN 9781315463995. Sawicka, Joanna; Skibicki, Juliusz;
Kukiz'15
British columnist and author (born 1960)
Judith Allison Pearson (née Lobbett; born 22 July 1960) is a British columnist and author. Pearson has worked for British newspapers such as the Daily
Allison_Pearson
English hotelier
Sir Rocco Giovanni Forte FCA FIoD (born 18 January 1945) is an English hotelier and the chairman of Rocco Forte Hotels. Born in Bournemouth, the son of
Rocco_Forte
Prime Minister of Slovakia (2006–2010, 2012–2018, 2023–present)
Robert Fico (born 15 September 1964) is a Slovak politician and lawyer, who has served as the prime minister of Slovakia since 2023. Fico holds the distinction
Robert_Fico
Poland has been a member state of the European Union since 1 May 2004, with the Treaty of Accession 2003 signed on 16 April 2003 in Athens as the legal
Poland_and_the_European_Union
Political theorist and editor
Monarchism National Orbanism Principles Anti-communism Aristocracy Nobility Euroscepticism Familialism Family policy Hungarian culture Nationalism Christian Neo-
Gladden_Pappin
Far-right political party in Bulgaria
for traditional family values, while opposing the LGBT community, a Eurosceptic approach to Bulgaria's membership in the European Union, and has been
Morality,_Unity,_Honour
Italian politician, sister of Georgia Meloni (born 1975)
Arianna Meloni (born 26 May 1975) is an Italian politician of Brothers of Italy, serving as the Head of the Political Secretariat under the leadership
Arianna_Meloni
British businessman (born 1948)
supports Brexit. Prior to the 2016 referendum, he was a member of the eurosceptic campaign group Business for Britain and sat on its board. While at Business
Jon Moynihan, Baron Moynihan of Chelsea
Jon_Moynihan,_Baron_Moynihan_of_Chelsea
Political party
Ideology Spanish nationalism Economic liberalism Right-wing populism Euroscepticism Personalism Techno-populism Political position Right-wing to far-right
Se_Acabó_La_Fiesta
Supranational political and economic union
Continental union of African states Brussels and the European Union Euroscepticism – Body of criticism of the European Union List of country groupings
European_Union
Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021
Turkey, China, Russia, energy policy and the wider development of Euroscepticism in Europe. Merkel was criticised for attending the 2010 M100 Media Award
Angela_Merkel
British political scientist and author (born 27 August 1974)
José Ignacio; Leonard, Mark (May 2013). "The Continent-Wide Rise of Euroscepticism" (PDF). European Council on Foreign Relations. {{cite journal}}: Cite
Mark_Leonard_(director)
Irish Right Wing, Eurosceptic and anti-abortion activist
1970) is an Irish Catholic policy lobbyist, anti-abortion campaigner and Eurosceptic activist. She became prominent on the campaign against abortion in Ireland
Niamh_Uí_Bhriain
conservatism, Euroscepticism) (2021–2023) Greece, Another Path (Greek: Ελλάδα, ο άλλος δρόμος) (National conservatism, Euroscepticism) (2017-2023) Greek
List of political parties in Greece
List_of_political_parties_in_Greece
Political party in France
The party had 2,000 members in 2016. The party was founded in 2011 by eurosceptic Paul-Marie Coûteaux in the run-up to the 2012 elections. The party was
Sovereignty, Identity and Freedoms
Sovereignty,_Identity_and_Freedoms
Political party in Bavaria
The Bavaria Party (German: Bayernpartei, BP) is an autonomist, regionalist and conservative political party in the state of Bavaria, Germany. The party
Bavaria_Party
Parliamentary group in France
General secretary Renaud Labaye Representation 126 / 577 Ideology French nationalism Right-wing populism Euroscepticism Website https://deputes-rn.fr/
National_Rally_group
British journalist and businessman (born 1958)
provider of special equipment used in the process" of fracking. Ridley is a Eurosceptic and advocated the withdrawal (Brexit) of the UK from the European Union
Matt_Ridley
Political group of the European Parliament
in views on the matter. The group's political platform is defined by Euroscepticism, nativism, and opposition to globalization. Its primary objective is
Identity_and_Democracy
British businessman and politician (born 1939)
Charles Frederick Wardle (born 23 August 1939) is a retired British businessman and politician who was the Conservative Member of Parliament for Bexhill
Charles_Wardle
British entrepreneur (born 1962)
Luke Oliver Johnson (born 2 February 1962) is a British entrepreneur. He is a former chairman of the PizzaExpress chain, the Royal Society of Arts and
Luke_Johnson_(businessman)
Proposals to federalise the European Union
Movement International – Lobbying association for European integration Euroscepticism – Body of criticism of the European Union Nation state – Political term
Federalisation of the European Union
Federalisation_of_the_European_Union
Political party in Romania
promotes Romanian nationalism, traditional family values, Orthodox faith, Euroscepticism, and anti-immigration policies. The party has won a mayoralty in Girișu
Patriots of the Romanian People
Patriots_of_the_Romanian_People
Prime Minister of Italy since 2022
and Islamophobic by some critics. A supporter of NATO, she maintains Eurosceptic views regarding the European Union (EU), views she describes as "Eurorealist"
Giorgia_Meloni
British politician and broadcaster (born 1942)
Independence Party (UKIP). He had a significant role in the mainstreaming of Eurosceptic politics in the UK and has been dubbed 'The Godfather of Brexit'. Kilroy-Silk
Robert_Kilroy-Silk
Political party in the United Kingdom
West Regent Street Glasgow G2 4RW Ideology Right-wing populism Hard Euroscepticism Political position Right-wing to far-right National affiliation Reform
Reform_UK_Scotland
Political organisation in Poland
radicalism [pl] Polish nationalism Neo-fascism Anti-globalization Hard Euroscepticism Anti-communism Anti-immigration Anti-capitalism Political position Far-right
National_Radical_Camp_(1993)
Political party in Sweden
414 52 Göteborg Ideology Climate change denial Anti-immigration Hard Euroscepticism Political position Far-right Colours Yellow Dark blue Blue Slogan
Ambition_Sweden
Political party in Italy
Social Idea Movement (Movimento Idea Sociale, MIS) is an Italian neo-fascist political party. It was founded in 2004 by a split of the Tricolour Flame
Social_Idea_Movement
British middle market newspaper
purchase. The paper's editorial stances have often been seen as aligned to Euroscepticism and supportive of the UK Independence Party (UKIP), and other right-wing
Daily_Express
Communist European political alliance
INITIATIVE Ideology Communism Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism Political position Far-left European Parliament group Non-Inscrits Colours
European_Communist_Action
Country in Central Europe
Justice Party (PiS) led by Jarosław Kaczyński, resulting in increased Euroscepticism and increased friction with the European Union. In December 2017, Mateusz
Poland
Italian Red Brigade leader (born 1941)
Anti-imperialism Antimilitarism Class conflict Cultural hegemony Counterhegemony Euroscepticism Feminism Organic centralism Passive revolution Proletarian internationalism
Renato_Curcio
Ethno-nationalist political stance
Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory Enshittification Ethnic nationalism Euroscepticism (Brexit) Far-right politics in Russia Radical right (Europe) Radical
Right-wing_antiglobalism
Informal Polish alliance of anti-establishment parties
Liberty and Independence Konfederacja Odnowy Rzeczypospolitej Wolność i Niepodległość Janusz Korwin-Mikke Libertarianism Hard Euroscepticism Far-right
Broad_fire_extinguisher_front
Political party in Germany
Germany, especially Muslim immigration into Germany, welfare chauvinism, Euroscepticism, denial of human-caused global warming, and supporting closer relations
Alternative_for_Germany
British politician (1948–2026)
Howard Emerson Flight, Baron Flight (16 June 1948 – 24 January 2026) was a British Conservative politician who was a member of the House of Lords after
Howard_Flight
French political party
in 2007 by François Asselineau. The ideology of the party is a hard Eurosceptic, and seeks the withdrawal of France from the European Union and the Eurozone
Popular Republican Union (2007)
Popular_Republican_Union_(2007)
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