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Changing of names from other languages into Estonian
early 20th century. The Estonianization of names stopped almost completely after the Soviet occupation and annexation of Estonia in 1940. Paul Berg → Paul
Estonianization
Country in Northern Europe
Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland
Estonia
Schneider. After Estonia gained independence due to the collapse of the Russian Empire, the government carried out the campaign of Estonianization of surnames
Estonian_name
Topics referred to by the same term
region in northern Europe Estonians, people from Estonia, or of Estonian descent Estonian language Estonian cuisine Estonian culture All pages with titles
Estonian
Finnic ethnic group
› Estonians or Estonian people (Estonian: eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to the Baltic Sea region in Northern Europe, primarily Estonia. Estonians
Estonians
Finnic language
Estonian (eesti keel [ˈeːsʲti ˈkeːl] ) is a Finnic language and the official language of Estonia. It is written in the Latin script and is the first language
Estonian_language
Car-passenger ferry sunk in the Baltic Sea in 1994
MS Estonia was a car-passenger ferry built in 1980 for the Finnish shipping company Rederi Ab Sally by Meyer Werft, in Papenburg, West Germany. She was
MS_Estonia
Sport plays an important role in Estonian culture. Estonia first competed as a nation at the 1920 Summer Olympics, although the National Olympic Committee
Sport_in_Estonia
Country in Northern Europe
region of northern Europe. It is one of the three Baltic states, along with Estonia to the north and Lithuania to the south. It borders Russia to the east
Latvia
The demographics of Estonia in the 21st century result from historical trends over more than a thousand years, as with most European countries, but have
Demographics_of_Estonia
Soviet republic from 1940 to 1991
The Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic (Estonian SSR, ESSR), also known as Soviet Estonia, was a de facto administrative subunit (union republic) of the
Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic
Association football club in Estonia
simply Trans, is an Estonian professional football club based in Narva that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. Although
JK_Narva_Trans
Estonian neopaganism, or the Estonian native faith, spans various contemporary revivals of the indigenous religion of the Estonian people, adapted from
Estonian_neopaganism
The national flag of Estonia (Eesti lipp) is a tricolour featuring three equal horizontal bands of blue at the top, black in the middle, and white at
Flag_of_Estonia
Cannabis in Estonia is illegal, but possession of up to 7.5 grams is considered an amount for personal use, and is punished with a fine. Large amounts
Cannabis_in_Estonia
1994 maritime disaster on Baltic Sea
MS Estonia, a cruiseferry operated by Estline, sank on Wednesday, 28 September 1994, between about 00:50 and 01:50 (UTC+2) as the ship was crossing the
Sinking_of_the_MS_Estonia
Estonian statesman and president (1874–1956)
and the infrastructure, industry, and education were developed. The Estonianization of personal names was supported, the most prominent example being Minister
Konstantin_Päts
Nordic filled breads
is a traditional sweet roll made in various forms in Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway, and Latvia, associated with
Semla
This is a list of notable people from Estonia, or of Estonian ancestry. Andres Alver (born 1953) Dmitri Bruns (1929–2020) Karl Burman (1882–1965) Eugen
List_of_Estonians
Men's association football team
The Estonia men's national football team (Estonian: Eesti Jalgpallikoondis) represents Estonia in international football matches and is controlled by the
Estonia national football team
Estonia_national_football_team
Political party in Estonia
Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives (Estonian: Eesti Rahvuslased ja Konservatiivid, abbr. ERK) is a nationalist political party in Estonia founded
Estonian Nationalists and Conservatives
Estonian_Nationalists_and_Conservatives
The theatre of Estonia dates back to 1784, when August von Kotzebue founded an amateur theatre company in Tallinn. Most of the plays at the time were
Theatre_of_Estonia
Ethnic Russians living in Estonia
disinformation Russification Estonianization Estonians in Russia "Rv067: Population by Ethnic Nationality and Sex, 1 January". Russians of Estonia are known in Russian:
Russians_in_Estonia
were diagnosed in Estonia. In 2017, a total of 219 people were diagnosed with HIV and 20 with AIDS. Since testing began in Estonia, a total of 9,878 cases
HIV/AIDS_in_Europe
Estonia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2026 with the song "Too Epic to Be True", written by Sven Lõhmus and performed by the band Vanilla
Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2026
Estonia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2026
Post-WWII Nazi-inspired ideologies
support of Estonian Atomwaffen member. In 2024, three Active Club Estonia members were convicted of far-right vigilantism. According to an Estonian Internal
Neo-Nazism
An election for the Members of the European Parliament from Estonia as part of the 2024 European Parliament election took place on 9 June. Early voting
2024 European Parliament election in Estonia
2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Estonia
First-level administrative subdivisions of Estonia
The counties of Estonia (maakond) are the state administrative subdivisions of Estonia. Estonian territory is composed of 15 counties, including 13 on
Counties_of_Estonia
the Estonian Defence League List of active Estonian Navy ships List of Estonian Navy ships Estonian Air Force Equipment List of historic Estonian Air
List of equipment of the Estonian Defence Forces
List_of_equipment_of_the_Estonian_Defence_Forces
The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe. Human settlement in what is now Estonia became possible 13,000–11,000 years ago, after the
History_of_Estonia
Capital and largest city of Estonia
Tallinn is the capital and most populous city of Estonia. Located on a bay in northern Estonia, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea
Tallinn
Estonian art is art that comes from Estonia, from Estonian artists or art pieces relating to Estonia. Starting from prehistoric art, there are no caves
Estonian_art
Estonian mythology is a complex of myths belonging to the Estonian folk heritage and literary mythology. Information about the pre-Christian and medieval
Estonian_mythology
Estonian all-female rock band
Vanilla Ninja is an Estonian all-female rock band which enjoyed chart success in a number of countries across Europe, especially in Estonia, Germany, and Austria
Vanilla_Ninja
2020 Animated film
1962 children's book of the same name by Estonian children's author Eno Raud. On 5 June 2026, the Bank of Estonia issued a special 2-euro coin dedicated
Raggie
County of Estonia
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast
Harju_County
The Estonian Air Force had more than 130 aircraft in the middle of the 1930s. Estonian engineers had previously designed and constructed several trainer
List of historic Estonian Air Force aircraft
List_of_historic_Estonian_Air_Force_aircraft
War between Estonia and Soviet Russia in 1918–1920
The Estonian War of Independence, also known as the Estonian Liberation War, and War of Freedom in Estonia, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army
Estonian_War_of_Independence
in Estonia, known locally as the Mustlased or the Romad, are an Indo-Aryan people that represent a small minority population in Estonia. Estonian Roma
Romani_people_in_Estonia
King of Sweden from 1611 to 1632
School (Estonian: Gustav Adolfi Gümnaasium). On 30 June 1632, Gustavus Adolphus signed the decree for the foundation of Academia Dorpatensis in Estonia, today
Gustavus_Adolphus
This is a list of the regions of the Baltic countries Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania by Human Development Index as of 2023. List of countries by Human
List of regions of Baltic States by Human Development Index
List_of_regions_of_Baltic_States_by_Human_Development_Index
Finnic language spoken in South Estonia
South Estonian, or Võro-Seto, is a Finnic language spoken in south-eastern Estonia, encompassing the Tartu, Mulgi, Võro and Seto dialects. Diachronically
South_Estonian
Estonian linguist (1880–1973)
December [O.S. 26 November] 1880 – 18 March 1973) was an Estonian linguist and innovator of the Estonian language. Aavik was born at the Nurga farm in Randvere
Johannes_Aavik
Sport where men carry women through an obstacle track
either a classic piggyback, a fireman's carry (over the shoulder), or Estonian-style ("wife" upside-down on his back with their legs over the neck and
Wife-carrying
International football competition
Soviet Union. The league consisting of 18 clubs from the Lithuania SSR, Estonian SSR, the Latvian SSR and a special invitee FC Progress Cherniakhovsk from
1990_Baltic_League
Unicameral legislature of Estonia
The Riigikogu (Estonian: [ˈriːkiˈkoku], from Estonian riigi-, "of the state", and kogu, "assembly") is the unicameral parliament of Estonia. In addition
Riigikogu
Estonian footballer (born 1985)
October 1985) is an Estonian former professional footballer who played as a defender. He is regarded as one of the greatest Estonian footballers of all
Ragnar_Klavan
Gambling in Estonia is relatively young. While Estonia was a part of the USSR, all types of gambling activities were banned. Despite the prohibition, illegal
Gambling_in_Estonia
Vassal state of the Holy See
the Livonian Crusade, and its territories were composed of present-day Estonia and Latvia. It was established on 2 February 1207, as a principality of
Terra_Mariana
Estonian Academy of Arts (Eesti Kunstiakadeemia), Tallinn Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre (Eesti Muusika- ja Teatriakadeemia), Tallinn Estonian
List of universities in Estonia
List_of_universities_in_Estonia
The following is a list of the 47 cities and towns in Estonia. Before the Republic of Estonia became an independent nation in 1918, many of these locations
List of cities and towns in Estonia
List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Estonia
films produced in Estonia and in the Estonian language in chronological order. List of Estonian films made in Governorate of Estonia and Governorate of
List of Estonian films before 1991
List_of_Estonian_films_before_1991
This is an incomplete list of music festivals held yearly in Estonia: List of festivals in Estonia
List of music festivals in Estonia
List_of_music_festivals_in_Estonia
Second most populous city in Estonia
Tartu is the second largest city in Estonia after Tallinn. Tartu has a population of 97,304 (as of 2025). It is 186 kilometres (116 miles) southeast of
Tartu
Finnish military unit mostly made up of Estonian volunteers during WW II
Estonian: Jalaväerügement 200, JR 200) or soomepoisid (Finnish Boys) was a unit in the Finnish army during World War II made up mostly of Estonian volunteers
Finnish_Infantry_Regiment_200
Estonia has an advanced developed economy. It is a member of the European Union, the eurozone, and the OECD. The economy is heavily influenced by developments
Economy_of_Estonia
Estonian footballer
Karol Mets (Estonian: [ˈkɑrol mets]; born 16 May 1993) is an Estonian professional footballer who plays as a centre back or defensive midfielder for Bundesliga
Karol_Mets
Estonia uses Eastern European Time (EET) (UTC+02:00) during winter, and Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) (UTC+03:00) during summer. Estonia has observed
Time_in_Estonia
Head of state of Estonia
president of the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi President) is the head of state of the Republic of Estonia. The current president is Alar
President_of_Estonia
This is a list of supermarket chains in Estonia. Based on the reports for the 2020 financial year, the market leader was Coop Eesti with 24.4 percent
List of supermarket chains in Estonia
List_of_supermarket_chains_in_Estonia
Television in Estonia was introduced in 1955, following the Soviet government's decision to establish a television station in 1953. The National television
Television_in_Estonia
number of war crimes trials were held during the Soviet occupation of Estonia (1944–1991). The best-known trial was brought in 1961, by the Soviet authorities
War crimes trials in Soviet Estonia
War_crimes_trials_in_Soviet_Estonia
River in Estonia
The Pärnu (Estonian: Pärnu jõgi) is a river in Estonia. It drains into Pärnu Bay, which is an inlet of the Gulf of Riga. At 144 km, it is one of the longest
Pärnu_(river)
Poetic form
Estonian haiku (Estonian: Eesti haiku) is a short poem in Estonian that has adopted the form and style of the original Japanese haiku. Estonian haiku
Estonian_haiku
Government agency of Estonia
Post-Communist Estonia". Language Policy. 5 (s). Springer: 161–186. doi:10.1007/s10993-006-9004-9. S2CID 145589479. Rannut, Mart (2008). "Estonianization Efforts
Language_Inspectorate
Political party in Estonia
The Estonian Reform Party (Estonian: Eesti Reformierakond) is a liberal political party in Estonia. The party has been led by Kristen Michal since 2024
Estonian_Reform_Party
Christian organization based in Estonia
Estonian Methodist Church (formerly also United Methodist Church in Estonia; Estonian: Eesti Metodisti Kirik) is a Methodist church organisation in Estonia
Estonian_Methodist_Church
12th–13th century Baltic Christianisation campaign
military Christianisation campaigns in medieval Livonia – modern Latvia and Estonia – during the Papal-sanctioned Northern Crusades in the 12th–13th century
Livonian_Crusade
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Estonia, estonia, Estónia, or Estônia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Estonia is a country in Northern Europe. The same country, or larger
Estonia_(disambiguation)
Parliament of Estonia 1992–1995
legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1992 election, the first after the Estonian Restoration of Independence
7th_Riigikogu
Topics referred to by the same term
Estonian Open may refer to: Estonian Open (darts) Estonian Open (disc golf) Estonian Cup This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title
Estonian_Open
Former currency of Estonia
The kroon (sign: KR; code: EEK) was the official currency of Estonia for two periods in history: 1928–1940 and 1992–2011. Between 1 January and 14 January
Estonian_kroon
Town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia
Ivangorod (Russian: Иванго́род, IPA: [ɪvɐnˈɡorət]; Estonian: Jaanilinn; Votic: Jaanilidna) is a town in Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia
Ivangorod
Internet in Estonia has one of the highest penetration rates in the world. In the first quarter of 2010, 75% out of 1.34 million people in the country
Internet_in_Estonia
Sofia Urban Mobility Center. 2013. Retrieved 16 December 2014. "Atlas Estonia (ee)". Svenska Spårvägssällskapet [Swedish Tramway Society]. Retrieved
List of town tramway systems in Europe
List_of_town_tramway_systems_in_Europe
Branch of the Teutonic Order, 1237–1561
the expansion ambitions of the order in exchange for northern maritime Estonia. In 1242, the Livonian Order tried to take the city of Novgorod. However
Livonian_Order
List of sports-related pages with the same or similar names
football team Estonia national under-19 football team Estonia national under-18 football team Estonia national under-17 football team Estonia national under-16
Estonia national youth football team
Estonia_national_youth_football_team
Family name
Oja is an Estonian and Finnish surname of Laine type meaning "stream" and "brook" in both languages, as well as "ditch" in Finnish. As of 2019, there were
Oja_(surname)
Northern region of the European continent
this, the Finnic languages of Finnish and Estonian are the most common first languages of Finland and Estonia respectively. The Baltic languages of Lithuanian
Northern_Europe
Telecommunications in Estonia describes the infrastructure, market, and regulatory environment for telecommunication services in the country. Since regaining
Telecommunications_in_Estonia
Fundamental law of Estonia
The Constitution of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariigi põhiseadus) is the fundamental law of the Republic of Estonia and establishes the state order as
Constitution_of_Estonia
Estonia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2007 with the song "Partners in Crime", composed by Berit Veiber, with lyrics by Hendrik Sal-Saller
Estonia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2007
Estonia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2007
Form of government controlled by a single ethnic group
classification of Latvia and Estonia, spanning from liberal democracy through ethnic democracy to ethnocracy. Will Kymlicka regards Estonia as a democracy, stressing
Ethnocracy
Political party in Estonia
Estonia 200 (Estonian: Eesti 200, E200) is a liberal political party in Estonia. Since 2024, the party has been a junior partner in the Michal cabinet
Estonia_200
Battle of World War II in Estonia
conscription call, the underground National Committee of the Republic of Estonia had hoped to recreate a national army and restore the independence of the
Battle_of_Narva_(1944)
Energy in Estonia has heavily depended on fossil fuels. Finland and Estonia are two of the last countries in the world still burning peat. Estonia has set
Energy_in_Estonia
Village in Estonia
Palmse is a village in Haljala Parish, Lääne-Viru County, in northern Estonia, on the territory of Lahemaa National Park. Palmse estate (German: Palms)
Palmse
A municipality (Estonian: omavalitsus, plural omavalitsused) is the smallest administrative subdivision of Estonia. Each municipality is a unit of self-government
Municipalities_of_Estonia
September 2003 to decide whether Estonia should join the European Union (EU). Just over two-thirds of voters voted Yes and Estonia joined the EU on 1 May 2004
2003 Estonian European Union membership referendum
2003_Estonian_European_Union_membership_referendum
Village in Estonia
Parish, Pärnu County in southwestern Estonia. It was a part of Koonga Parish before 2017. Classification of Estonian administrative units and settlements
Oidrema
Parliamentary elections will be held in Estonia by 7 March 2027 to elect all 101 members of the Riigikogu. Electoral district reform has been discussed
Next Estonian parliamentary election
Next_Estonian_parliamentary_election
Baltic states refers to the redrawing of borders of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia after 1940. The three republics, formerly autonomous regions within the
Territorial changes of the Baltic states
Territorial_changes_of_the_Baltic_states
Association football club in Estonia
Nõmme Kalju FC (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈnɤmːe ˈkɑlju]), commonly known as Nõmme Kalju, or simply as Kalju (Estonian: "rock" or "cliff"), is a professional
Nõmme_Kalju_FC
1988–1991 breakup of the sovereign state
political and legislative conflict between them and the central government. Estonia was the first Soviet republic to declare state sovereignty inside the Union
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union
Missions of exiled Baltic diplomatic services from 1940 to 1991
their countries' legations in several Western capitals. Members of the Estonian diplomatic service, the Latvian diplomatic service and the Lithuanian diplomatic
Baltic_Legations_(1940–1991)
Borough in Estonia
Lavassaare is a borough (Estonian: alev) in Pärnu municipality, Pärnu County, in southwestern Estonia. It had a population of 539 on 1 January 2009 and
Lavassaare
Sea in northern Europe
arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North
Baltic_Sea
Estonia–Russia relations are the bilateral foreign relations between Estonia and Russia. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established
Estonia–Russia_relations
Association football club in Estonia
simply as Flora, is an Estonian professional football club based in Tallinn that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. The club's
FC_Flora
final legislature of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic, which was the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic's legislative chamber
List of members of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia, 1990–1992
List_of_members_of_the_Supreme_Council_of_the_Republic_of_Estonia,_1990–1992
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
Male
Japanese
Variant spelling of Japanese Jurou, JURO means "tenth son."
Girl/Female
Australian, Jewish, Netherlands
Myrtle; Ether's Name; Myrtle Tree
Boy/Male
Argentina, Bengali, Indian
Loved by Everyone
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Vast; Limitless; Incalculable
Girl/Female
Tamil
Prosperous, Self-possessed, River, Ocean, River
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Sindhi
External; Outside
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Form of Jamila
Female
English
Italian form of English Samantha, SAMANTA means "heard of God," "his name is El," or "name of God."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Favor, Grace
Surname or Lastname
English (Lancashire)
English (Lancashire) : habitational name from an unindentified place, probably named with Celtic carn ‘cairn’, ‘pile of stones’ + Old English lēah ‘woodland clearing’. Compare Charley.
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION
ESTONIANIZATION